Abstract: A purification system and a method for purification of slop oil and industrial emulsions, wherein the purification system can handle two processes in parallel, a slop oil purification process and an industrial emulsion purification process, said system comprising: —at least one slop oil centrifugal separator (5) into which slop oil is provided for separation of water and oil; —at least one emulsion centrifugal separator (25) into which an industrial emulsion is provided for separation of oil and water; —a first redirecting fluid connection (37, 37?) arranged for transferring oil separated from the industrial emulsion in the emulsion centrifugal separator (25) to the slop oil centrifugal separator (5) possibly via a slop oil tank (3).

Abstract: Contemplated gas-liquid separators and especially subsea gas-liquid separators have a main pipe with a plurality of descending branch pipes that are fluidly coupled to the main pipe and each other such as to allow disengagement of the gas into the main pipe while liquid and sand descend into the lower ends of the branch pipes. Sand accumulation in the lower ends of the branch pipes is preferably prevented by lateral serial flow of liquid and sand from one branch pipe to the next and use of a flush liquid that is drawn from one or more branch pipes.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system and method for processing diesel fuel from petroleum-based waste oil on a small scale compared to conventional methods for re-refining waste oil to a valuable product. In an embodiment, the method comprises dehydrating waste oil to remove water from the waste oil, and operating a thermal reactor to induce thermal pyrolysis of the dehydrated waste oil and convert it into a hydrocarbon vapour phase. The hydrocarbon vapour derived from pyrolysis is condensed and distilled using a distillation tower to produce diesel fuel, heavy liquid hydrocarbon, light liquid hydrocarbon and light hydrocarbon vapour. A filtering step cleans the processed diesel fuel to obtain a clean diesel fuel product.

Abstract: A process treats a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants and forms a reconditioned fluid stream. Contaminants are removed by the combination of distillation, electrostatic agglomeration, decanting, and filtration or by distillation and optional filtering. Optionally, in each case, the filtered fluid stream is treated in a clay tower to remove residual contaminants.

Abstract: A process treats a fluid stream of used fracturing fluid containing contaminants and forms a reconditioned fluid stream. Contaminants are removed by the combination of distillation, electrostatic agglomeration, decanting, and filtration. Optionally, the filtered fluid stream is treated in a clay tower to remove residual contaminants.

Abstract: A method is provided of recycling and decontaminating oil-based waste drilling mud and cuttings contaminated with oil-based waste drilling mud. A facility for performing the method is also provided. The method includes removing the coarse solids from the mud, breaking the emulsion, and separating the hydrophobic phase from the water phase and the solid phase. The solids may then be treated by either or both of two approaches. One approach involves vaporizing all residual oil and water from the solids, and burning off the vaporized oil. Another approach involves at least partially vaporizing the residual oil from the solids and recondensing the oil. The method produces a solid “soil” product that is free from oil contamination (or is sufficiently decontaminated to allow reuse), an oil product that is fit for reuse, and clean air emissions. A thermal desorber or a soil dryer can be used to efficiently vaporize the oil at low temperature.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of waste oil comprises the steps of (a) supplying a stream of the waste oil to a dehydrator to dehydrate the waste oil and obtain a stream of dehydrated waste oil; (b) supplying the stream of dehydrated waste oil to a fractionated distillation column having a lower tray, an upper tray and a middle tray therebetween, wherein the lower tray is operated at a temperature of 370 to 390° C. under a sub-atmospheric pressure of 50 to 100 mmHg, the middle tray is operated at a temperature of 265 to 280° C. under a sub-atmospheric pressure of 35 to 45 mmHg and the upper tray is operated at a temperature of 100 to 110° C. under a sub-atmospheric pressure of 30 to 40 mmHg; (c) withdrawing from the distillation column a bottom product comprising a bituminous material; (d) withdrawing a first side stream from the distillation column between the first and second trays, the first side stream comprising a heavy oil having a viscosity of 130 to 180 cSt at 40° C.

Abstract: A device for separating fluid mixtures, in particular for separating water from oil, includes a vacuum container (10) with several sub-chambers (26, 44, 40). At least one liquid constituent of the fluid mixture can be transported from the vacuum container after separation, by a transport device (12). The other constituents can be extracted from the vacuum container (10) in the form of gas and/or steam, using a vacuum pump (20). One of the sub-chambers (26) of the vacuum container (10) houses a heating device (28, 30), which heats the fluid mixture. The fluid mixture is guided into an additional sub-chamber (40), and is separated into its constituents by traversing a packed bed. Even cold and consequently viscous fluid mixtures can be supplied, due to the heating device, for separation inside the aforementioned vacuum container.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reclaiming a useful oil product, from waste oil provides an evaporation chamber in which waste oil is heated and vaporized, preferably at a temperature which causes some cracking of the oil. Hydrogen is injected into the vaporized oil, so to cause saturation of at least some of the olefins in the vaporized oil. The vaporized oil is then condensed and recovered as a useful oil product. The apparatus operates at substantially atmospheric pressure, or a pressure only slightly above atmospheric pressure. Hydrogenation of the vaporized oil stabilizes the recovered oil, and prevents formation of tars and other heavier hydrocarbons, which can cause difficulties in use of the recovered oil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reprocessing waste oils and producing high-grade base oils, whereby waste oil is treated by means of distillation, thin-film evaporation in a high vacuum, optional fractionation for separation into layers of different viscosities and subsequent extraction with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and/or N-formylmorpholine. The invention also relates to base oils that can be obtained by said method and to the use thereof. The inventive method is characterized in that approximately any waste oil can be used, including waste oils with polychlorinated biphenylene (PCB) or PCB substitutes with contents of up to 250 mg/kg. Furthermore, waste oils containing up to 5% vegetable oil can be present in the waste oil that is to be reprocessed without impairing the quality of the base oil. The undesirable constituents, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenylenes (PCB) or the substitutes thereof are removed in an almost quantitative manner.

Abstract: Simple, economical process for removing ash-formers from used oil, to reduce materially the ash content value of the reclaimed oil and enhance its value substantially.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibiting corrosion in systems of condensing hydrocarbons which contain water and chlorides, and, more particularly, in the overhead of crude oil atmospheric pipestills, with blends of amines. Preferred blends are 2-amino-1-methoxypropane, sec-butylamine, n-butylamine, dipropylamine and monoamylamine; 2-amino-1-methoxypropane, sec-butylamine, monoamylamine, n-butylamine and isobutylamine; and sec-butylamine, 2-amino-1-methoxypropane and 3-amino-1-methoxypropane.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed whereby refinery waste emulsion streams such as API slop oils, desalter rag layer emulsions, mud pit sludges and the like having high viscosities and specific gravity approaching that of water can be treated for the recovery of processable oil values which had previously been unavailable by adding a sufficient amount of a light hydrocarbon diluent to the emulsion to lower its overall viscosity and to reduce the specific gravity of the oil phase to less than about 0.92. The diluted emulsions are subjected to flashing at emulsion-breaking conditions after which the oil is recovered from the various streams created in the flashing steps.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of organic sludges, the process comprising the steps of:(a) feeding dried sludge through a first reactor (16);(b) heating the dried sludge in the first reactor (16) in the absence of oxygen for the volatilization of oil producing organic materials therein, resulting in gaseous products and sludge residue (char);(c) condensing oil from the gaseous products of the first reactor (16) in a condenser system (20);(d) reinjecting water free oil and/or non-condensable products, if any, into a second reactor (24);(e) transferring the sludge residue (char) from the first reactor (16) to the second reactor (24);(f) contacting the heated sludge residue from step (b) in the second reactor (24) with the oil and/or any non-condensable products of steps (c) and (d) in the absence of oxygen to allow the generation of clean products and a high quality oil product; and(g) removing the gaseous products from the second reactor (24).

Abstract: A treatment of waste petroleum (60,70) is disclosed by decoupling association of the petroleum component to contaminants by solvent treatment (92,94) of the petroleum component, followed by ultrasonic treatment (59,71), separating the contaminants by extraction with a non-solvent (44,46) for the petroleum and solvent and then separating the petroleum. The washed petroleum is then distilled to remove solvent followed by hydroseparation and centrifugation to isolate the petroleum (67). The solids can be subjected to a hot fluid treatment in a toroidal dynamic bed (50) to free up the petroleum residues in the solid particles.

Abstract: A process for the conversion of organic sludges, the process comprising the steps of:(a) feeding dried sludge through a first reactor (16);(b) heating the dried sludge in the first reactor (16) in the absence of oxygen for the volatilisation of oil producing organic materials therein, resulting in gaseous products and sludge residue (char);(c) condensing oil from the gaseous products of the first reactor (16) in a condenser system (20);(d) reinjecting water free oil and/or non-condensable products, if any, into a second reactor (24);(e) transferring the sludge residue (char) from the first reactor (16) to the second reactor (24);(f) contacting the heated sludge residue from step (b) in the second reactor (24) with the oil and/or any non-condensable products of steps (c) and (d) in the absence of oxygen to allow the generation of clean products and a high quality oil product; and(g) removing the gaseous products from the second reactor (24).

Abstract: The disclosure is a process for inhibiting corrosion in condensing systems comprising wet hydrocarbons and chloride which comprises feeding a mixture of amines to the condensing system to elevate the pH profile of condensed water above the range in which severe corrosion of system internals can occur. The amine blend is formulated to preclude deposition and accumulation of the hydrochloride salts of the amines above the water dewpoint and is optimized to the condensing system to minimize amine treat rate. In one embodiment, the amine blend feed rate is controlled using a small condensing system which condenses a slipstream of gas taken from the system upstream of the condensing zone and continually measures the pH profile in the condensing zone.

Abstract: The treating apparatus and method of the present invention improve the efficiency and reliability of flash treating crude oil by including a recycled oil pumping loop that takes crude oil from a flashing section of a vessel and feeds it to either the inlet of a treater section or through a heater into a connecting pipe between the treater section and the flashing section, thereby eliminating the need of a fired heater in the flashing section.

Abstract: A process for the production of a distillable hydrocarbon product stream from a first distillate hydrocarbon stream, a second distillate hydrocarbon stream and a waste lubricant stream by means of contacting the waste lubricant stream with a hot hydrogen-rich gaseous stream to increase the temperature of this feed stream and vaporize at least portion of the distillable hydrocarbonaceous compounds thereby producing a distillable hydrocarbonaceous stream which is immediately hydrogenated in an integrated hydrogenation zone. The vaporized waste oil stream is admixed with a first distillate hydrocarbon stream before introduction into the hydrogenation zone. The second distillate hydrocarbon stream is converted in a hydrocracking conversion zone in order to produce lower boiling distillable hydrocarbon products and an aqueous ammonia solution which is admixed with a partially condensed effluent from the hydrogenation zone in order to neutralize at least one acid gas.

Abstract: For the processing of waste oil, i.e. environmentally safe processing, a process and installation are used whereby the waste oil is preheated with the distillation gases and is then distilled itself by burning the distilled waste oil. The liquid and solid residues are exposed to the flame produced by the combustion of the distilled waste oil, while the gaseous residues are heated to over 1,200.degree. C. in a long-hold chamber constructed as a fume incinerator. In order to calcine the solid or burn the liquid residues, they are collected in the distillation chamber and transported via a rotating cylinder and a chute into the combustion chamber where they are then correspondingly calcined by the burner flame. In contrast, the gaseous residues are fed to a long-hold chamber, whereby the latter is a pipe system with a length of 75 m or more.

Abstract: Commercially valuable oil is recovered from refinery-produced, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act classified, hazardous waste oil sludges by a series of volatilizing and condensing steps (which may vary depending on the oil, water, and solids content of the sludge) resulting in the production of nonhazardous water and solid waste byproducts. A pumpable, low viscosity, high oil- and/or water-content sludge is first centrifuged to separate free oil and water. If the waste sludges are acidic or if nickel is present in the sludges in sufficient quantities so as to result in unacceptable levels in the TCLP leach filtrate, a base (such as calcium oxide) is admixed with the thick waste oil sludge, centrifuge solids, or other sludges low in oil and/or water content to render the sludges basic. The basic, admixed sludges are heated to volatilize the contained water and oil. Dry, friable, deoiled solids are recycled with the oily sludge feed to prevent material agglomeration and heat exchanger fouling.

Abstract: Used oils, especially used lube oils, after rough filtering are mixed with an aqueous solution of water glass and an aqueous solution of polyalkylene glycol while stirring at elevated temperature, the obtained mixture is allowed to settle, the settlings are separated, and water and light ends are removed from the oil phase by distillation. The thus obtained dry oil phase may be subjected to adsorptive filtering either direct or through a per se known treatment with dispersed sodium and may finally be fractionated by distillation.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbonaceous feed stream containing a non-distillable component to produce a distillable hydrocarbonaceous product and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component while minimizing thermal degradation of the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream which process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream with a hot first hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream in a flash zone at flash conditions without indirect heat exchange thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrocarbonaceous feed stream and vaporizing at least a portion thereof to provide a hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen and a heavy product comprising the non-distillable component; (b) removing the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprising hydrogen from the flash zone without contacting the vapor stream with hydrocarbonaceous liquid; (c) condensing at least a portion of the hydrocarbonaceous vapor stream comprisin

Abstract: The invention deals with separating production fluids into separate components of oil, water, sand and gas in first and second stage separators. Preheating of the production fluid prior to entry into the first stage separator is partially accomplished by direct mixing with hot processed water taken from the effluent of the first stage separator and the second stage separator. Recirculated processed water may also be used to improve sand removal from the first and second stage separators.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for separating an organic material from a composition comprising said organic material intermixed with particulate solids, the process comprising advancing a light hydrocarbon fluid through said particulate solids at an effective rate to drive at least some of said organic material from said particulate solids, adding water to said composition containing particulate solids and residual organic material to produce a second composition, and adding an oxidizing agent to said second composition in an amount sufficient to remove substantially all of the residual organic material.

Abstract: A method of producing pyrolytic oils suitable for petroleum reprocessing is disclosed. According to the invention, petroleum derived organic sludges or oil residues in a solid/liquid phase are subjected to vacuum pyrolysis under temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure conditions such as to prevent gas and vapor phase secondary cracking reactions and to thereby increase the yield of pyrolytic oils to the detriment of hydrocarbon gases. About 97% of the organic matter content of the sludges and about 75% of the organic matter content of the oil residues can be converted into pyrolytic oils suitable for petroleum reprocessing.

Abstract: Contaminated oil is reclaimed for fuel use by pumping same through an oil filter into one side of a divided tank then through a heater to burn off water and antifreeze and then into the other side of the divided tank where the oil is blended with other clean oil, such as diesel fuel, which is then pumped through a water separator and another oil filter into a fuel supply tank from which it is pumped and used for blending. The divided tank is mounted on wheels and carries the various components such as pumps, heater, valves, piping, filter and so forth.

Abstract: A hydrotreatment method, for example, hydroviscoreduction or hydrodesulfurization in which the charge of hydrocarbons is reacted with hydrogen in contact with a catalyst finely dispersed in the liquid phase. To separate the product from the catalyst, the effluent freed from its accompanying free gas is passed along, and in contact with the upstream wall of a porous inorganic membrane. The oil that has not been filtered contains a concentrate of catalyst and is recycled to the hydrotreatment reactor. The filtered oil constitutes the product of the method.

Abstract: A method and device for reclaiming fluid lubricants, such as oil, which removes both solid and liquid contaminants from the fluid through efficient, adjustable filters and vacuum distillation.

Abstract: A substantially solids-free sample of an oil having substantially the same hydrocarbon distribution as a heavy oil contained in a subterranean reservoir is prepared by vacuum-topping a field sample of the oil or oil-containing material while cold-trapping volatiles, diluting the topped oil with a volatile oil solvent, mechanically separating the solution from entrained solids, vacuum-distilling the solvent from the dissolved oil and recombining the oil and the cold-trapped volatiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the treatment of a hydrocarbon charge by high temperature ultrafiltration, said process comprising the steps of circulating said charge in a module comprising at least one mineral ultrafiltration barrier coated with a sensitive mineral layer of at least one metal oxide and of operating at a temperature higher than 100.degree. C. The barrier, which preferably has a ceramic or metallic support, is coated with a sensitive layer selected from the group comprising titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminium oxide, spinel MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, silica. The invention is applicable to the regeneration of a waste oil and to the reduction of the rate of asphaltenes in a hydrocarbon charge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for drying oil well cuttings. More particularly, the present invention relates to the direct thermal treatment of oil well drill cuttings whereby the cuttings will be freed from any excess liquid and removed for storage or disposal on site or bagging.

Abstract: A dryer system for treating oily solids, such as oil based drilling mud cuttings, into dry and oil-free solids and a liquid which includes recovered oil values. The system is a continuous feed, high vacuum, low temperature, distillation unit. An indirect heat exchanger may also be employed. The dry solids can be discharged continuously through a water standpipe, venturi type eductor or other continuous solids discharge arrangement. The dry solids are oil-free sufficiently to allow discharge into public waters without a rainbow effect. The recovered liquid includes the oil base and chemicals in a state permitting reuse directly in formulation of additional amounts of the oil based drilling mud, or other employment such as a fuel for heating the distillation unit.In one embodiment, the present dryer system is especially useful for installation on offshore drilling platforms.

Abstract: Naphtha is recovered from a soot-naphtha slurry by mixing the slurry with hot residual oil and feeding the mixture into a vapor/liquid contactor. Within the contactor, part of the naphtha is vaporized. The remainder is withdrawn from the base, heated and sent to a stripping column where the naphtha is vaporized overhead as a superheated vapor and the soot-residual oil is removed from the bottom. The superheated naphtha vaporized overhead is recycled to the contactor where the superheat is used to vaporize liquid naphtha. The naphtha vapor leaving as overhead from the contactor is sent to a wash column where entrained residual oil is removed by naphtha reflux. The naphtha vapor in the wash column is taken off overhead and condensed. The condensed, liquid naphtha is then totally or partially fed to the wash column as reflux.

Abstract: A used lubricating oil reclamation apparatus in which filters, heat exchangers, a vaporizer unit, pumps and other necessary equipment are all contained in a wheeled cabinet. The oil to be reclaimed is pumped through a warming heat exchanger, a first filter, a vaporizer unit, and further filters, after which appropriate additives are mixed into the decontaminated oil in a mixing tank. A vacuum is maintained on the vaporizer unit to exhaust the vapours from it via the heat exchanger and a condensate tank.

Abstract: A system is provided for continuously removing contaminants from a fluid stream on a high volume basis, such system being adapted particularly for use with contaminated lubricating oil found in industrial heavy equipment such as drop forges which requires large volumes of lubricating oil for effective, continuous operation.