With Acid Patents (Class 208/256)
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Patent number: 8846994Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing low-odor n-butane by catalytic hydrogenation of a feed mixture. The aim of the invention is to provide such a method, wherein the feed material, in addition to n-butane, n-butene and up to 1 mass % formic acid and/or up to 1 mass % pentanals and/or up to 0.5 mass % pentanols, also comprises carbon monoxide. The aim is achieved by treating the feed mixture in the temperature range of 15 to 120° C. with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide in the concentration range of 0.5 to 30 mass % and subsequently subjecting the feed mixture to the catalytic hydrogenation.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 2010Date of Patent: September 30, 2014Assignee: Evonik Degussa GmbHInventors: Hans-Gerd Lueken, Alfred Kaizik, Markus Winterberg, Wilfried Bueschken, Dirk Fridag
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Patent number: 8034963Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for cooling fatty acid distillate from scrubbing section in a fats and oils refinery comprising cooling the fatty acid distillate by heat recovery in at least one heat-exchanging zone with refined oils having a temperature above about 50° C. heating the refined fats and oils to a temperature above about 70° C. The present invention relates further to a process for refining crude fats and oils, and refining plant for refining crude fats and oils.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 2007Date of Patent: October 11, 2011Assignee: Alfa Laval Corporate ABInventor: Daniel Ng
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Patent number: 7803270Abstract: A process is described for the extractive oxidation of contaminants present in raw fuel streams rich in heteroatomic polar compounds and catalyzed by iron oxides contained in natural limonitic goethite, said process comprising contacting said streams with an oxidation pair which is a peroxide in solution/organic acid in amount of at least 3 and an amount between 0.01 and 10 wt % of an iron oxide, both based on the feed, the iron oxide being made up of a reduced natural limonitic goethite. The goethite reduction by a hydrogen stream has the advantage of lowering the migration of non-contaminating polar hydrocarbons from the fuel stream to the aqueous phase, at the same time obtaining higher mass yield of final product fuel while the level of target contaminants to be removed is maintained relative to the state-of-the-art process. Process yields attain 98% weight/weight.Type: GrantFiled: March 14, 2005Date of Patent: September 28, 2010Assignee: Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - PetrobrasInventors: Wladmir Ferraz de Souza, Lilian Ernst
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Publication number: 20090314688Abstract: A method for degumming and/or refining crude oil containing impurities involving mixing the crude oil with degumming agents, i.e., water or acid, and subjecting the mixture to flow-through, hydrodynamic cavitation processing. The cavitational processing transfers impurities in the crude oil to a water phase for easier separation. The water phase may be separated from the oil phase by commonly available separation methods.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 15, 2009Publication date: December 24, 2009Inventors: Roman Gordon, Igor Gorodnitsky, Varvara Grichko
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Publication number: 20090050536Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for cooling fatty acid distillate from scrubbing section in a fats and oils refinery comprising cooling the fatty acid distillate by heat recovery in at least one heat-exchanging zone with refined oils having a temperature above about 50° C. heating the refined fats and oils to a temperature above about 70° C. The present invention relates further to a process for refining crude fats and oils, and refining plant for refining crude fats and oils.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 9, 2007Publication date: February 26, 2009Applicant: ALFA LAVAL CORPORATE ABInventor: Daniel Ng
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Publication number: 20080001125Abstract: Corrosion induced by the presence of naphthenic acids in hydrocarbon fluids, particularly where such fluids are at elevated temperatures, may be inhibited or controlled through use of corrosion inhibiting compositions comprising a combination of a minor portion of a phosphorus-based constituent and a major portion of a sulfur-based constituent, nitrogen-based constituent, or combination thereof. In another embodiment the sulfur-based constituent and/or nitrogen-based constituent may be used without any phosphorus-based constituent. Where the compounds are appropriately selected, the compositions may inhibit corrosion to a degree comparable or nearly comparable to the inhibition provided by an equal amount of some conventional phosphorus-based compounds alone, but are significantly less likely to impair catalyst activity in downstream cracking and refinery operations.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 17, 2006Publication date: January 3, 2008Applicant: Baker Hughes IncorporatedInventors: Michael J. Zetlmeisl, Bradley G. Harrell, Bradley G. Borgard, Scott Bieber
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Patent number: 7202391Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a process for inhibiting the polymerization of an aromatic vinyl compound which is capable of efficiently inhibiting the polymerization of an aromatic vinyl compound not only in an initial stage but also over a long term in the stage of producing, purifying, storing or transporting the aromatic vinyl compound, and which is excellent in handling. The present invention relates to a process for inhibiting the polymerization of an aromatic vinyl compound which requires the step of adding a 2-nitrophenol compound in combination with a sulfonic acid compound to the aromatic vinyl monomer during the stage of producing, purifying, storing or transporting the aromatic vinyl compound.Type: GrantFiled: April 18, 2002Date of Patent: April 10, 2007Assignee: Hakuto Co., Ltd.Inventors: Seiji Tanizaki, Junichi Nakajima
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Patent number: 7175755Abstract: A process for the extractive oxidation of contaminants from raw hydrocarbon streams rich in heteroatomic polar compounds is described, the said process involving the extractive oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen compounds from said streams, the said process comprising treating said streams with a peroxide solution/organic acid couple, the weight percent of the peroxide solution and organic acid based on raw hydrocarbon being at least 3 for both the peroxide and organic acid solution, under an acidic pH, atmospheric or higher pressure and ambient or higher temperature. As a result of the reaction, the oxidized heteroatomic compounds, having strong affinity for the aqueous phase, are extracted into said aqueous phase, while the oxidized hydrocarbon is neutralized, water washed and dried, the resulting end product being a hydrocarbon stream from which have been removed 88.1 wt % or more of total nitrogen compounds and basic nitrogen up to 99.1 wt %, both calculated as mass contents, total Sulfur 23.Type: GrantFiled: May 6, 2003Date of Patent: February 13, 2007Assignee: Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.-PetrobrasInventor: Wladmir Ferraz de Souza
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Patent number: 7153414Abstract: A process for the upgrading of raw hydrocarbon streams rich in heteroatomic polar compounds and/or unsaturated moieties involving the extractive oxidation of sulfur, nitrogen, conjugated dienes and other unsaturated compounds from said streams, the said process comprising treating said streams with a peroxide solution/organic acid couple and an iron oxide catalyst which is a limonite ore, under an acidic pH, atmospheric pressure and ambient or higher temperature. As a result of the reaction, the oxidized heteroatomic compounds, having strong affinity for the aqueous slurry phase, are extracted into said aqueous phase, while the oxidized hydrocarbon is separated from catalyst by decanting, neutralizing, water washing and drying, the resulting end product being a hydrocarbon stream from which have been removed 90% or more of total nitrogen compounds and basic nitrogen up to 99.7%, both calculated as mass contents.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 2002Date of Patent: December 26, 2006Assignee: Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.-PetrobrasInventor: Wladmir Ferraz De Souza
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Patent number: 6544409Abstract: A process for the catalytic oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants as well as unsaturated compounds present in a hydrocarbon fossil oil medium is described, the process comprising effecting the oxidation in the presence of at least one peroxide, at least one acid and a pulverized raw iron oxide. The process shows an improved oxidation power towards the contaminants typically present in a fossil oil medium, this deriving from the combination of the peroxyacid and the hydroxyl radical generated in the reaction medium due to the presence of an iron oxyhydroxide such as a limonite clay, which bears a particular affinity for the oil medium. The process finds use in various applications, from a feedstock for refining until the preparation of deeply desulfurized and deeply denitrified products.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2001Date of Patent: April 8, 2003Assignee: Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. - PetrobrasInventor: Wladmir Ferraz De Souza
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Publication number: 20020189975Abstract: A process for the catalytic oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen contaminants as well as unsaturated compounds present in a hydrocarbon fossil oil medium is described, the process comprising effecting the oxidation in the presence of at least one peroxide, at least one acid and a pulverized raw iron oxide. The process shows an improved oxidation power towards the contaminants typically present in a fossil oil medium, this deriving from the combination of the peroxy-acid and the hydroxyl radical generated in the reaction medium due to the presence of an iron oxyhydroxide such as a limonite clay, which bears a particular affinity for the oil medium. The process finds use in various applications, from a feedstock for refining until the preparation of deeply desulfurized and deeply denitrified products.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 16, 2001Publication date: December 19, 2002Applicant: PETROLEO BRASILEIRO S.A. - PETROBRASInventor: Wladmir Ferraz De Souza
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Patent number: 6037516Abstract: Oxygenate impurities are removed from an organic chemical feed or stream by treatment with an aqueous reducing agent and aqueous base, accompanied by separation. An aqueous solution of reducing agent and an aqueous solution of base are typically introduced sequentially into the organic chemical stream, where they may react with any oxygenate impurities present. The reaction products of the oxygenate impurities and aqueous reducing agent and aqueous base are water soluble, and are typically removed in sequential fashion via any suitable separation means. For example, oxygenate impurities such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and methyl formate may be removed from a propylene stream by treating the stream sequentially with aqueous sodium bisulfite and aqueous sodium hydroxide, accompanied by separation of the oxygenate impurity reaction products in coalescers.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1997Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: Huntsman ICI Chemicals LLCInventors: Peter S. Morford, Timothy L. Lambert, William K. Culbreth, III
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Patent number: 5976359Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reducing the concentration of amines in hydrocarbon fluids and process streams by generating therein a nitrosating agent. The nitrosating agent will react with the amines to form innocuous by-products under refinery process conditions.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1998Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.Inventor: Wiley L. Parker
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Patent number: 4752374Abstract: This invention relates to processes for inhibiting the degradation, particulate and gum formation of distillate fuel oils prior to or during processing which comprises adding to the distillate fuel oil an effective inhibiting amount of a mixture of (a) a phosphite compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R' and R" are the same or different and are alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl groups, and (b) an effective carboxylic acid having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, wherein the weight ratio of (a):(b) is from about 1:5 to about 1000:1.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1987Date of Patent: June 21, 1988Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Dwight K. Reid
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Patent number: 4457830Abstract: A process for catalytic hydroconversion of heavy petroleum feedstocks containing preasphaltenes to produce lower-boiling hydrocarbon liquid products. In the process, an inorganic acid is added to the reactor effluent residual fraction boiling above about 950.degree. F. to produce substantial precipitation of the preasphaltene materials. The clarified overhead fraction is recycled to the reaction zone, and the precipitated preasphaltene material is passed to further processing, such as coking to recover additional light oils. The reactor can advantageously be an upflow ebullated catalytic bed type and may use fine size catalyst for increased hydroconversion.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1981Date of Patent: July 3, 1984Assignee: HRI, Inc.Inventor: Paul H. Kydd
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Patent number: 4208268Abstract: This invention provides a method of processing thermal cracked by-product oil which comprises reacting a distillate from a thermal cracked by-product oil principally containing components of a boiling range between 75.degree. C. and 198.degree. C. said distillate being one of the distillates from the cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons at a cracking temperature of 700.degree. C. or higher, and containing a ratio of 5-100 molar percent aromatic olefins to non-olefinic aromatic hydrocarbons, in liquid phase in the presence of an acid catalyst under such conditions that the reaction temperature is 0.degree. C.-200.degree. C., the liquid residence time is 0.1 hour-5 hours and wherein the content of aromatic olefins in the reaction system are 5% by weight or less at the end of the reaction, to yield a processed distillate containing non-condensed di- and tricyclic aromatic compounds which are reaction products of aromatic olefins with other aromatic hydrocarbons but no substantial amount of unsaturated components.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1978Date of Patent: June 17, 1980Assignee: Nippon Petrochemicals Company, LimitedInventors: Atsushi Sato, Isoo Shimizu, Eiichi Matsuzaka