Abstract: Deasphalted residual oil (DAO) and the aromatics-rich extract that is derived from DAO have low polycyclic aromatics contents, relatively low aniline points, and high flash points. They form blending stocks that improve properties of mixed feedstocks to consistently produce environmentally qualified rubber processing oil (RPO) by extraction under low solvent-to-oil ratios and moderate extraction temperatures. Distilling a petroleum crude oil under atmospheric pressure generates a bottom residual oil which is then subject to vacuum distillation to yield a bottom residual oil. DAO is produced by removing the asphalt from the vacuum bottom residual oil through extraction with light paraffinic solvent. The extract of DAO is a co-product in the production of the bright stock of the lubricating oil through extraction. The feedstock is mixed with the extract from a petroleum fraction boiling in lube oil range.

Abstract: A process for upgrading hydrocarbonaceous oil containing heteroatom-containing compounds where the hydrocarbonaceous oil is contacted with a solvent system that is a mixture of a major portion of a polar solvent having a dipole moment greater than about 1 debye and a minor portion of water to selectively separate the constituents of the carbonaceous oil into a heteroatom-depleted raffinate fraction and heteroatom-enriched extract fraction. The polar solvent and the water-in-solvent system are formulated at a ratio where the water is an antisolvent in an amount to inhibit solubility of heteroatom-containing compounds and the polar solvent in the raffinate, and to inhibit solubility of non-heteroatom-containing compounds in the extract. The ratio of the hydrocarbonaceous oil to the solvent system is such that a coefficient of separation is at least 50%.

Abstract: An improved furfural extraction process for lube oil base-stock production from hydrocarbon oils containing aromatic type material by the addition of a solvent comprising of furfural and a co-solvent, said process being conducted in a continuous countercurrent extraction column that facilitates phase separation and increases the raffinate yield while maintaining the same raffinate quality measured by raffinate refractive index.

Abstract: A process for the production of a process oil, the process comprising: a) contacting a petroleum distillate with a polar solvent in an extraction column which operates with a bottom temperature of 30 to 80° C., b) withdrawing a primary raffinate from the column of step a), c) contacting the primary raffinate with a polar solvent in an extraction column which operates at a bottom temperature that is higher than the bottom temperature of the extraction column of step a), and in the range of 60 to 90° C., d) withdrawing a secondary extract from the column of step c), and e) removing said polar solvent from said secondary extract.

Abstract: Processes for producing a purified conjugated diene comprise feeding a petroleum fraction containing the conjugated diene to an extractive distillation column, feeding an extraction solvent to the extractive distillation column, and extractive-distilling the conjugated diene from the petroleum fraction containing the conjugated diene in the extractive distillation column. The extraction solvent comprises an amide compound, and a heterocyclic aldehyde, aromatic nitro compound or aromatic aldehyde is contained in the extraction solvent within a range of 0.01 to 10 wt. % based on the weight of the extractive solvent. An oxygen concentration in a gas phase of a distillate discharged from the top of the extraction distillation column is controlled to 10 ppm or lower.

Abstract: A vertical extending liquid/liquid contacting column is disclosed, which column will, when in use, contain a dispersed and a continuous liquid phase, the column having a first liquid feed inlet in the top, a first liquid outlet in the top, a second liquid feed inlet in the bottom, a second liquid outlet in the bottom and a plurality of internal trays axially spaced from each other in the column, each tray provided with a plurality of perforations for the passage of the dispersed phase and more than one downcomer or upcomer for the transport of the continuous phase, wherein the downcomer or upcomer extends respectively below or above the tray and wherein the walls of the downcomer or upcomer are inclined towards each other in the flow direction of the continuous phase. A method of use within the column is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for reducing the Mutagenicity Index and/or the PCA content of a lubricating oil extract by re-extracting a lubricating oil extract with a second extraction solvent, different from the first extraction solvent, to form a secondary raffinate and a secondary extract mix; separating the secondary raffinate from the secondary extract mix; and separating the secondary raffinate and the secondary extract from said second extraction solvent.

Abstract: An extraction process and an apparatus for separating aromatic compounds contained in a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock where the feedstock feed into the lower part of an extraction column is brought into intimate countercurrent contact therein with a third liquid and at least partially with at least one structured packing element (31) of the static mixer type contained in the upper part of the extraction column. Such third liquid (feed to the top of said column) is in the form of a solvent which is immiscible with the feedstock except for being capable of extracting the aromatic compounds. At least part of the extract phase rich in solvent and aromatic compounds is separated by liquid--liquid separation (26), preferably by gravity type decantation, into a phase rich in solvent and essentially depleted of raffinate, which is removed, and a phase rich in raffinate and impoverished in solvent, which is recycled to the extraction step. The extraction process is typically to be used to formulate lubricant oils.

Abstract: A process to improve the performance of furfural for aromatics extraction from gas oils and lube distillates by the addition of ethers and/or aldehydes, preferably having a dielectric constant less than about 40 @ 25.degree. C.

Abstract: Raffinate yield from solvent extraction is improved when the extract phase recovered from the solvent extraction process is subjected to a membrane separation step wherein a saturates/1-ring aromatics rich retentate is produced and a 2+ ring aromatics rich permeate are produced and the saturates/1-ring aromatic rich retentate phase is recycled to the solvent extraction process.

Abstract: The yield, raffinate product quality, and throughput of the selective solvent extraction of hydrocarbon feeds is improved by subjecting the hydrocarbon feeds from which aromatic hydrocarbons are to be selectively solvent extracted to a membrane separation process which selectively permeates aromatics through the membranes to produce a permeate rich in aromatics and a retentate rich in saturates and 1-ring aromatics and subjecting this retentate to the selective solvent extraction process.

Abstract: A lubricating oil stock is extracted with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to yield a primary raffinate useful as a high VI lubricating base oil and a primary extract. The primary extract is mixed with antisolvent and chilled to yield a secondary raffinate. This secondary raffinate is sufficiently reduced in aromatics that it is solvent extracted to yield medium to high VI lubricating base oil.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oils, particularly petroleum oils, more particularly lube, transformer, white oil and other specialty oils can be extracted to remove aromatic hydrocarbon components therefrom using a combination polar extraction solvent, such as n-methyl pyrrolidone phenol or furfural, preferably NMP in combination with aliphatic-aromatics, polar naphthenes or morpholine, preferably alkylbenzene, mixed extraction solvent.The combination of polar extraction solvent and aliphatic-aromatic, polar naphthene or morpholine extraction solvent mixture contains and from 1 to up to but not including 10 LV % aliphatic-aromatic, polar naphthene or morpholine and mixtures thereof, preferably from 2.5 to less than 10% aliphatic-aromatic, polar naphthene or morpholine and from 0 to 10 LV % water, the amount of polar extraction solvent being suitably adjusted to reflect the presence of the water.

Abstract: The control system and method of the present invention controls a solvent refining unit which treats charge oil with a solvent in a refining tower to yield raffinate and extract-mix, strippers separate the solvent from the raffinate and from the extract-mix to provide refined waxy oil and extract oil, respectively. The solvent is returned to the tower and the refined waxy oil is subsequently dewaxed to provide refined oil. The present invention includes a device which senses the flow rate of the charge oil and provides a corresponding charge oil flow rate signal. The flow rate of the charge oil is controlled in accordance with the charge oil flow rate signal and a control signal. The temperature of the extract oil is sensed and a corresponding temperature signal provided. The temperature signal is used in controlling the temperature of the extract oil in cooperation with a second control signal.

Abstract: A process for upgrading diesel oil comprising the steps of:(1) reacting the diesel oil with a nitrogenous treating agent;(2) contacting the diesel oil from step (1) above with(a) a primary solvent selected from the group consisting of organic solvents having a dipole moment of about 1.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a process is provided for removing impurities from heavy and light lube oil fractions that have been obtained from waste lubricating oil. The impurities in the light lube oil fraction are removed utilizing tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in an extraction column (10). An oil-rich raffinate has the solvent removed therefrom by steam distillation and stripping at reduced pressure in a distillation tower (20). The heavy lube oil fraction is purified in a manner similar to the purification of the light lube oil fraction. Alternatively, most of the tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol can be removed from the oil-rich raffinate by mixing the raffinate with methanol in an extraction column. The last of the tetrahydrofurfuyl alcohol is then removed from the oil by steam distillation and stripping at a reduced pressure.

Abstract: An improved solvent extraction process is described for the preparation of lube oil products, the improvement whereby the solvent contains an additive which facilitates phase separation and increases the yield of raffinate.

Abstract: Used oil is rerefined by distillation and extraction with tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. In accordance with the process, used oil is rerefined by distillation to remove a volatile forecut followed by further distillation with recirculation provisions to obtain the desired fractions of lubricating oil products while reducing the vaporization temperature of the oil. The recycle effect tends to reduce coking and cracking while providing a greater recovery of lubricating oil products through the carrier effect of the light ends. After the desired fractions of lubricating oil have been obtained by the distillation phase of the process, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is utilized in an extraction process to remove impurities remaining in the distilled oil. The tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol-lube oil mixture is separated into a raffinate and extract stream for distilling and steam stripping the tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol therefrom.

Abstract: Lubricating oils suitable for use in refrigeration equipment in admixture with fluorinated hydrocarbon refrigerants are produced by solvent extraction of naphthenic lubricating oil base stocks, cooling the resulting extract mixture, optionally with the addition of a solvent modifier, to form a secondary raffinate and a secondary extract, and recovering a dewaxed oil fraction of lowered pour point from the secondary raffinate as a refrigeration oil product.The process of the invention obviates the need for a separate dewaxing operation, such as dewaxing with urea, as conventionally employed for the production of refrigeration oils.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a process is provided for removing impurities from heavy and light lube oil fractions that have been obtained from waste lubricating oil. The impurities in the light lube oil fraction are removed utilizing tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol in an extraction column (10). An oil-rich raffinate has the solvent removed therefrom by steam distillation and stripping at reduced pressure in a distillation tower (20). The heavy lube oil fraction is purified in a manner similar to the purification of the light lube oil fraction. The finished heavy and light lube oil may then be subjected to further treatment, such as polishing steps or additives may be blended into the lube oil product depending on the desired use.

Abstract: Traces of furfural are removed from an aromatic feed by passing the aromatic feed containing greater than 50 ppm furfural through a bed of solid particles of a selected treating agent.

Abstract: The degradation of furfural, used in the solvent extraction of aromatics, is inhibited by the use of a furfural-soluble, recoverable amine having a pK.sub.a greater than that of aniline. The preferred amine is N,N-diethyl aniline and the amount used may be 0.001 to 5% wt., preferably 0.01 to 2% wt. by weight of furfural.The recoverable amine may be used in combination with a non-recoverable amine, eg. tri-ethanolamine, the amount of non-recoverable amine being preferably 1 to 1000 ppm wt., particularly 5 to 50 ppm.

Abstract: A process for the production of lubricating oil base which is stable to ultraviolet light, which comprises extracting a mixture of a hydrocracked oil and decanted oil with furfural.