Abstract: A plate type rotational centrifugal separator for separating one or more components of a feed stream includes a rotatable first outer carrier and a rotatable second inner carrier coaxially arranged in the first outer carrier. The first outer carrier supports one or more curved plates which are flexibly connected to the second inner carrier. A feeding arrangement disposed at one end of the separator supplies a feed stream to be separated, and a discharging arrangement disposed at the opposite end of the separator discharges separated streams. Confined spaces are defined between adjacent curved plates and the first outer and second inner carrier for separating the feed stream under influence of centrifugal forces. The first outer carrier is axially removable from the second inner carrier for removing components collected on the plates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a toner including granulating mother toner particles in an aqueous medium to obtain a slurry containing the mother toner particles and adjusting a size distribution of the mother toner particles by screening coarse mother toner particles from the slurry with a screen to obtain the toner containing mother toner particulates.

Abstract: A classifier includes a central particle inlet, an inclined feed surface, and a classification surface. A plurality of particle feeding vanes are positioned above the feed surface, and the plurality of particle feeding vanes rotate above the feed surface. A plurality of classification vanes are positioned above the classification surface, and the plurality of classification vanes rotate above the classification surface. Particles enter the classifier through the inlet near an axis of rotation and flow radially outward on the feed surface to the classification surface.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for continuously or substantially continuously separating particulate matter based on particle size and/or density of the matter. The system includes a separation chamber having a bottom portion disposed within a cavity of a rotatable bowl having fluid therein, preferably water. The internal cavity of the separation chamber is maintained under negative pressure such that fluid is drawn through the separation chamber at a predetermined velocity to separate the solids. Larger, dewatered and/or denser solids are directed to the cavity of the rotatable bowl and can be removed by rotation of the bowl while the smaller and/or less dense solids and fluid travel up through the separation chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for classifying fine particles from a particulate material, such as toner and pigment powders. The apparatus is generally a dynamic centrifugal gas (air) classifier that combines the operational advantages of centrifugal air classifiers with increased aerodynamic forces provided by a rotating member to classify powders at cutpoints of fifteen micrometers and finer. The classifier is configured to have an annular-shaped inner passage, an annular-shaped outer passage circumscribing the inner passage, and an inlet through which a gas-entrained particulate material is introduced substantially tangentially into the inner passage so as to impart a centrifugal force to the particulate material. A portion of the entraining gas is preferably separated and directed into the outer passage.

Abstract: A classifier is proposed which includes a dispersion chamber for dispersing a powder material therein, a classification chamber connected to the dispersion chamber, and a conical member disposed between the dispersion chamber and the classification chamber, wherein the dispersion chamber includes a particle residence prevention member for preventing the powder material from residing within the dispersion chamber by changing the speed of the cyclonic flow of the powder material in the dispersion chamber so as to be decreased in the direction of the feed inlet within the dispersion chamber, and a method of preparing toner by use of the classifier is also proposed.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing measured quantities of particulate material includes a tubular duct arranged so that an air stream in the duct carries material along the duct and a row of hoppers each for containing the material to be dispensed; the hoppers being connected to the duct so that material can be dispensed from the hopper to the duct. A separator container is provided in the duct such that the material in the duct carried by the air flow passes to the separator container. A centrifugal separator section is provided in the container for separating the material from the air flow to deposit the material into the container while the air flow is discharged from the container. The container is mounted on legs with load cells for weighing the deposited material while the material is maintained in the separator container and the air lock valve are controlled so as to continue to discharge the material up to a predetermined weight and to halt the discharge when the predetermined weight is reached.

Abstract: A self-cleaning separator is described for cohesive or adhesive solids from a fluidborne stream of solids on the basis of a cyclonelike separation. The separator consists at least of a cylindrical upper section (8) having a separating chamber (3), a product inlet (2), a fluid outlet (5), and of a conical lower section (6) having a solids outlet (7) adjoining below the lower section (6), at least the side wall (4) of the upper section (8) being produced from an elastic material, in particular an elastomeric material.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating solids, such as scrap material, from a gas such as an air stream. The apparatus includes a horizontally mounted outer cylinder or drum and an inner perforated cylindrical member is mounted concentrically within the drum to provide an annular space therebetween. High velocity air containing scrap material is delivered through one or more tangential inlets to the annular space and the heavy scrap material is thrown outwardly by centrifugal force along the inner surface of the drum and discharged through a tangential outlet, while the air passes inwardly through the perforated member and is discharged through an axial outlet in the drum. The scrap material being discharged from the separator is fed to the lower end of a closed, inclined auger and conveyed upwardly and discharged into a surge tube of a baler where the scrap is converted into bales.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for collecting and removing dust from dust laden air has a housing defining a chamber having an inlet for the dust laden air, a first outlet for dust free air and a second outlet for the collected dust, the inlet and second outlet being connected by a curved wall. A filter cartridge is mounted in the chamber at the axis of the curved wall and is at least partially enclosed within and inner wall which, together with the outer wall forms a cyclonic passage for the air passing therethrough. High velocity air flow is directed into the chamber wherein at least some of the dust will strike the chamber wall at high velocity causing a rapid change in kinetic energy and detraining the dust from the air, this dust then falling from the air stream and removed from the chamber through an air lock or similar device. The air then revolves around and is drawn through the filter removing the remaining dust therefrom.

Abstract: A rotor assembly includes a shaft and a plurality of radially outwardly extending vanes surrounded by a circular cylinder. A truncated conical segment screen is in each compartment formed by the vanes dividing each compartment into inner and outer subcompartments. Apertured top and bottom face plates are respectively above and below the vanes. A housing includes top and a bottom plates to which the rotor assembly shaft is rotatably secured. A material inlet hose and dust exhaust pipe are attached to the top plate and are in simultaneous successive fluid communication with each outer and inner subcompartments respectively as they rotate. A discharge port is in the bottom plate for discharging separated material in an outer subcompartment downstream from the outer subcompartment then receiving material from the inlet hose. The top and bottom plates are spaced a small gap from the rotor face plates to provide fluid seals therebetween to fluid isolate the compartments from each other.

Abstract: The present invention provides a powder classifier using a classification rotor capable of classifying powder with high efficiency and high accuracy. The classification rotor is attached to a rotating shaft as a body and rotatably supported in a casing. Within the classification rotor, a cavity is formed from the outer edge to the center and classifying vanes are provided around the circumference. The cavity is bent downwardly near the center with the lower end connected through a fine powder passage to a fine powder outlet. The outer edge of the classification rotor is connected to a coarse powder outlet. After feeding powder from a powder supply port, the powder is rotated by the classifying vanes such that coarse powder particles are taken out from the rough outlet by centrifugal force and fine powder particles are taken out by airflow from the fine powder outlet.

Abstract: The invention provides a separator for removing small particulates from an air stream, the separator includes pneumatic separator with a relatively small filter element built inside the separator to remove particulates from the air stream down to as small as one micron. The pneumatic separator relies on a vortex effect and sudden changes in direction of the air flow to strip out most of the particulates, and because the very small particulates have insufficient mass to be dislodged from the air in this way, these particulates remain in the air stream and are carried to the filter element where they build up on the element. The build up is interrupted by the incoming air which flows aggressively around the element and strips parts of the build-up off the element. This ongoing random process can be supplemented if necessary by back flushing. Both the separated particulates and those stripped off the filter element accumulate in the separator for subsequent removal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a separator comprising a separator housing with an inlet spiral for separating air which opens tangentially into an annular separating chamber and is divided into a plurality of delivery channels which lie one above the other, as well as a basket-shaped separator rotor disposed centrally and with a vertical axis in the separator housing and a guide vane ring which surrounds the latter with a radial clearance. In order that this separator on the one hand has a high effectiveness of separation between oversize material and fine material and on the other hand facilitates a sufficiently broad grain size distribution of the fine material, the overall shape of the separator rotor is that of a cone which tapers downwards.

Abstract: A pneumatic sifter includes a feeder for supplying sift material, optionally with sifting air, to a rotationally symmetrical sifting chamber which surrounds a centrally disposed air outlet chamber, and a coarse particle discharge. In order to keep the flow resistance low as air enters into the air outlet chamber, guide vanes are provided in the air outlet chamber, which are spaced from each other at uniform angular distances and extend approximately over the axial extension of the sifting chamber.

Abstract: A classifying wheel for a centrifugal-wheel air classifier, through which the classifying air flows from outside to the inside against its centrifugal action. The wheel has blades arranged in a ring extending parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel. The blades are positioned between a circular disc carrying the classifying wheel hub and an annular cover disc. The classifying wheel is entirely made in one piece and of a wear-resistant sintered material. The flow channels of the classifying wheel are formed by the surfaces of the classifying wheel blades extending parallel to each other and in direction of the axis of rotation of the wheel.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved method and apparatus to separate solids particles from a liquid medium and/or classify suspensions of particles according to particle characteristics by centrifugal force, wherein the feed stream is introduced to the cyclone apparatus at a location along the central internal axis of the cyclone.

Abstract: An apparatus for roasting coffee beans or the like includes a controlled spinning bed or fluid bed roaster in combination with a cyclone separator for removing chaff from the heating medium. The cyclone separator is disposed above and in coaxial and abutting relationship with the roaster. The separator has a generally cylindrical shape with a plate having a plurality of louvers in the base thereof. The louvers impart rotational movement as the heating medium passes therethrough so that the chaff can be removed therefrom. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second centrifugal separator which is relatively small with respect to the first separator is disposed adjacent the first separator for making a final separation and returning the heated medium to the roaster.

Abstract: The invention relates to a material dispersion apparatus, particularly for spreading classifiers, with an upper material supply and a material feed surface. The material feed surface is constructed as a sieve-like surface, which is installed in an air channel and the material supply is fluidized above the sieve-like surface and discharged over the outer rim of the material feed surface to fall down to the spreading classifier basket.

Abstract: A rotary sifter for separating different fractions of particulate material having a cylindrical outer housing and three rotary cages with vertical bars through which material and air pass inwardly with the cages independently rotary mounted, and channels communicating with the spaces below the rotors for collecting the separate fractions of separated material, and additional air delivery means to each of the channels which collect the separated fractions.

Abstract: A pneumatic centrifugal separator comprises guide vanes disposed along the generatrices of a fictitious cylinder having a vertical axis, the guide vanes being adapted to impart to a gas stream entering the fictitious cylinder a rotary motion about the vertical cylinder axis, and a rotor coaxially positioned in the interior of the fictitious cylinder, the rotor being equipped with a first set of vertical blades distributed uniformly along the periphery of the fictitious cylinder and a second set of blades disposed between the blades of the first set and the cylinder axis. A gas stream and particulate material to be sorted is introduced between the guide vanes and the rotor, and the gas stream charged with particles of dimensions smaller than predetermined dimensions and sorted out of the particulate material is drawn out of a central outlet. The second set of blades is arranged to guide the streams of gas coming through channels between adjacent vertical blades of the first set to the central outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pneumatic separator for separating relatively coarse and relatively fine particles and in which a material distributor plate is arranged below the rotor and guide unit in such a way that the material thrown off by the rotor passes into the stream of separating air flowing towards the guide unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a separator with a rotor and a material distributor which are driven separately. Such a separator is particularly suitable for grinding plants which are equipped with a high-pressure grinding roll mill. The scabs discharged from such a roll mill can be broken up in a simple manner in the separator which acts simultaneously as a disagglomerator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating particles by means of a contra-flow centrifuge, wherein a monitor system is used to analyze or control the separation process. The monitor system used impinges a monochromatic light beam on a sample of the separated particles, and measures the light scattering not only in the beam-forward direction, but also in the beam-reverse and beam-lateral directions. This reduces the processing time and increases the reliabiity of output data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and to an air classifier for the separation of classifying material into coarse material and fine material. Known air classifiers suffer from considerable deficiencies with regards to the throughput and the separation efficiency. To avoid this, the invention provides for the performance of a separate reclassification, which takes place in the same way as the pre-classification, whilst incorporating mechanical centrifugal rejection of coarse material particles, particularly through the impact ledges of a centrifuge basket.

Abstract: In a classifier including a rotary disc provided on a lower end of a vertical rotary shaft depending from the top of a hopper-type casing, a horizontal dispersing disc is provided directly below the top of the casing, a circular collision plate is spaced from the outer circumference of the horizontal dispersing disc, and a plurality of vortex adjusting members are secured at their upper ends to the horizontal dispersing disc and at their lower ends to the rotary disc, and a leakage prevention apparatus is provided which comprises a plurality of dispersing and classifying vanes spaced from the outside of the vortex adjusting members and the inner sides of the collision plate. The dispersing and classifying vanes depend from the under surface of the horizontal dispersing disc for an appropriate length.

Abstract: A characteristic feature of the design are the rounded off peripheral portions of surfaces of discs which face each other and are spaced equidistantly apart, the discs being rigidly attached to a power-driven rotor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sifter in which the spiral for delivery of the air for sifting is divided into a plurality of channels lying one above another in which elements for setting the quantity of sifting air delivered to the individual channels are provided. In such a sifter the quantity of sifting air in the individual regions of the sifting chamber can be optimally adapted to the requirements, which leads to a substantial improvement in the degree of separation.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for the separation of materials from a stream of pulverulent material such as cement including a rotatable plate onto which the material is fed with the material being centrifugally discharged in a bell shaped flow pattern, a radially inwardly directed flow of air across the veil carrying fine materials inwardly through a rotatable distributor; and coaxial dip tubes centrally located for receiving the gradations of fine material passing gravitationally downwardly, with the coarse materials remaining outside of the distributor and being received in a downward flow.

Abstract: A classifying cyclone efficient at removing very fine particles. In preferred embodiments, the cyclone employs an annular bevel ring positioned along the interior wall to redirect separated particles from the wall back into the path of classifying air. A control air deflector is placed in the path of the classifying airstream and adjusted vertically to provide adjustment of the annular orifice through which the classifying air passes. The air deflector is positioned at approximately the height of the bevel ring.

Abstract: Fines are separated from pin chips and a system in which a mixture of fines and pin chips is introduced onto a rotating disk which imparts centrifugal forces thereto for separation. In a first embodiment, the fines and the pin chips are propelled over different length paths to fall into separate collectors, the fines collector entraining the fines into an air stream for disposal. In this embodiment, the rotor comprises a rotary disk having a smooth upper surface, while in a second embodiment the upper surface is provided with a plurality of vanes on the upper surface thereof. In a third embodiment, the rotary disk is provided with a plurality of grooves for directing the fines over the periphery of the disk into its collector. In a fourth embodiment, the rotary disk is provided with a plurality of generally radial slots with vanes beneath in order to provide a classification between fines and pin chips.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating granular solids from the carrying gas thereof by the use of a swirl stream of a mixture gas in a certain chamber, characterized in that: in addition to said mixture gas to be separated in its treatment, another gas is separately injected into said chamber from its wall surface so as to be brought into contact with said swirl stream of said mixture gas in said chamber so that said granular solids are prevented from adhering to an inner wall surface of said chamber while once adhered granular solids are immediately scaled off.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sifter having a dispersing plate which has material passage openings therein. The dispersing plate carries guide elements and distributor elements adjacent such openings which are inclined with respect to the radius of the plate. Such a dispersing plate makes it possible to feed the material to be sifted into the sifting chamber very evenly.

Abstract: A separator has a rotor (1) with top and bottom plates (2,3). An annular collecting casing (10) is secured to the top plate and is positioned at a radial distance from the material inlets (13). The casing has a concave side which faces the top plate (2) for collecting material (15) which is flung outwards from the top plate (2), and for discharging the material (19) downwards.

Abstract: A separator for sorting particulate material has a rotor (1) with vanes (3); static, separately adjustable guide vanes (8,9); a casing (14) defining an inlet duct for material suspended in a conveying gas; an outlet (7) for a suspended fine fraction; and a hopper (12) for collecting a coarse fraction.

Abstract: The separator device comprises a vertical, cylindrical container (4), provided at the bottom with a rotary discharge valve (9) and provided with a duct (5) which opens into its top portion and is connected to the feeding source of the meal. This duct (5) discharges the meal onto the top of a conical downwardly diverging tray (1) arranged in the container (4), and arranged at a suitable distance below said tray (1) is another conical member (6) also diverging downwardly and provided with an upwardly directed peripheral edge (106) extending beyond the peripheral outline of the tray, and closely spaced from the side surface of the cylindrical container. At the top of the conical member (6) is an opening (10) which is connected to a conduit (11) extending through the wall of the container (4) and connected to a suction source. Inside the container (4) below the conical members (1, 6), there opens a conduit (15) communicating with the atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary basket air classifier. A favorable predispersion of the material to be classified, particularly in the case of an upwardly directed spent classifying air line has always been problemmatical with such classifiers. According to the invention, the material to be classified is distributed over several stages, aided by dispersing blades and a higher drawing-off capacity of the spent classifying air is permitted by the branching of the drawing-off line.

Abstract: A separator has a rotor (1) with radial vanes (12) between plates (8,11). Material to be sorted is supplied, entrained in a conveying gas, through an inlet duct (6) to some rotor vane interspaces through inlet openings (13). The flow is then radially outwards, around the vane ends, radially into the other vane interspaces and into an outlet duct (9) through outlet openings (14), carrying the fine fraction. The coarse fraction is flung outwards by the vanes and collected in a hopper (4).

Abstract: Separator device for edible meal, comprising a vertical cylindrical container (4) provided at its the bottom with a discharge rotary valve (9). A feeding duct (5) extends axially into the top portion of the container, and swirling means are provided so that the meal to be treated will reach with a whirling flow the central portion of a distributing chamber (31) having equispaced lateral openings (32) from which equal spiral-shaped tubes (33) protrude outwards with the same curvature, whereby the meal is discharged tangentially onto the periphery of an underlying horizontal dish (6) which is arranged co-axially in the upper portion of the container (4). Arranged at a suitable distance above the disc there is a horizontal partition (1) which is fixed to the container and is sealingly traversed by the curved feeding tubes (33).

Abstract: Operating procedure for the operation of a circulating-air sifter, particularly a cyclone circulating-air sifter for sifting cement, characterized by the feature that the circulating air stream is divided into a primary sifting-air stream and a secondary air stream.

Abstract: A powder classifier having two stages of classification blades which are arranged to intersect the radial directions of the powder classifier.

Abstract: A particle classifier includes a generally cylindrical, air and fine particle permeable cage having a closed top and open bottom mounted to a central drive shaft. A casing surrounds the cage and defines a volute air passage about the cage with an air separation zone between the volute and the cage. A generally tangential air inlet is provided in the casing volute and a material inlet is provided in the upper end of the casing. A stationary chamber is positioned below the cage for the air and fine material which enter the cage. From the chamber, the air and fine material is directed to cyclone separators in which the air is separated from the particles. A hopper is positioned below the chamber for collecting coarser material which fails to enter the cage. The size of the volute can be adjusted by a vertical partition within the casing. The partition allows flexibility in setting the air velocity.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to apparatus and a process for separating large from small particles suspended in a moving stream of gas by centrifugal forces which in a preferred embodiment includes sifting of large particles in a stream of gas to strip small particles away from the larger particles. The apparatus and process is especially adapted for separating dry finely divided particulate materials having small particles from about 0.05 micron to about 45 microns from larger particles suspended in the moving gas stream.

Abstract: An air separator method and apparatus provides a second, preferably downward air stream about and rotating in the same sense as a first, upward air stream to carry away coarser feedstock material siezed from a supply and centrifugally separated from finer feedstock material by the first air stream.

Abstract: A solution of macromolecules or other particles suspended therein is subjected to a centrifugal force applied in one direction and simultaneously to a force imposed in a direction opposite to said one direction by an electric field applied, thereby separating the particles into a position in which the centrifugal force counterbalances the force imposed by the electric field.

Abstract: Fractionation apparatus (20) is disclosed which utilizes a rapidily rotating disk which receives a liquid suspension of particles to be separated onto its rotating face surface (35). When the film of liquid and particles on the rotating face surface (35) reaches the peripheral edge (38) of the face, particles above a certain size are radially ejected while smaller particles and the liquid are carried over the edge onto the surface of a depending rim (39). The suspension of smaller particles and liquid is carried down the rim to the rim edge (40) at which point the smaller particles and liquid are disengaged. A separator wall (27) may be interposed between the two streams of particles emanating from the disk (24) to provide a physical separation of the larger and smaller particles once they have left the disk.

Abstract: A classifier using a swirling air current has two or more scatter plates turning about a common axis at different speeds and designed for causing outward motion of feed towards baffle rings placed round and turning with the scatter plates.

Abstract: An air classifier comprises a casing formed of a generally hollow cylindrical vertical casing body and an inverted conical hopper fixed to the lower wall of the casing body. A fine product outlet duct is provided at the center of the upper wall of the casing body. An air-powdered material inlet duct and a secondary air inlet duct are set in the diametrically opposite positions of the vertical wall of the casing body to project tangentially outward. A vertical rotary shaft extends through the central portion of the casing body. A rotary disc member for concurrently carrying out the dispersion and classification of a powder raw material is fitted to the lower end of the rotary shaft at a boundary between the casing body and hopper. A cage-shaped assembly of guide vanes is provided in the casing body to conduct a mixture of air and powdered material into the casing body.

Abstract: A method and system for separating an aqueous suspension containing fibrous particles into fractions of different average characteristics. The suspension to be separated is supplied to a separator disc rotating in a horizontal plane in the upper part of a chamber, in which collecting means are arranged in different zones to receive material dispersed from the disc. The method and system are effective for the separation of paper pulp suspensions such as groundwood pulp, chemical pulp, sediment or waste paper pulp into fractions of different fibre size and for the cleaning of paper pulp suspensions for impurity particles such as sand, shives and splinters. Another field of application is the separation of mineral wool suspensions into fractions consisting mainly of fibrous and spherical particles, respectively.

Abstract: A cleaning and/or grading machine for free-flowing materials comprises at least one cleaning and/or grading unit accommodated in a hollow housing which is secured on a frame and connected with an aspirating chamber; a batching device located in the upper part of said housing; an air separating channel installed in the same housing and comprising a thrower of the free-flowing material; a rotor installed in said housing and comprising a screen drum secured thereon, said drum having a material distributor in the upper part; said screen drum is built up of a number of consecutively arranged sections each consisting of a screen in the form of a body of revolution and secured on supporting rings; the sections are interconnected by equidistant tie rods extending through said supporting rings which makes it possible to assemble these sections into standardized screen drums while the cleaners installed at the external side of said drum opposite to each other relative to the rotation axis of said drum ensure efficient