Abstract: A method and system can not only treat the sludge, harmful evacuations and so forth, to reduce load to the whole environment, but also permit recycling of those as a resource to be effectively utilized, and to quickly achieve activation of the environmental living. For this purpose, effective microorganisms are provided in an objective matter to be treated containing pollutant within a zone in the environment. The objective matter is maintained under anaerobic atmosphere. Under this condition, the effective microorganisms are activated by irradiating light and electromagnetic wave to said objective matter. A physical indicia data of said objective matter is then measured.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for improved in-line contaminant removal from engine lubricating oil are provided which employ gravity to achieve a desired flow rate of oil. The invention is adapted for use with an existing engine oil lubrication system and continuously processes a side stream that after processing, is returned to the engine oil. During processing, the oil is first filtered and then drained and deposited upon the upper central surface portions of a heated dome whereon the oil forms a thin film from which relatively low boiling volatile impurities (especially water) are rapidly separated in a gaseous state. The gas is vented through a pressure relief valve to the manifold while the recovered reconditioned oil is collected and recycled.

Abstract: In the agitation chamber (11), the human waste and the flush water from the flush toilet (20) are mixed. A heat accumulator (12) is provided in the discharge path of the exhaust gas. The drying chamber (13) heats the discharge from the agitation chamber (11) using the heat of the heat accumulator (12). The moving device (18) moves the scraper (16) and the suction port of the suction device (17) in the drying chamber (13). The scraper (16) scrapes off the residual human waste stuck in the drying chamber (13). The suction device (17) suctions the residual human waste in the drying chamber (13). The water accumulation chamber (14) recovers the water vapor from the drying chamber (13). The recovered water is transported by the pump (15) to the flush tank (30) for the flush water, and thus recirculated. The space for holding the flush water can be reduced.

Abstract: A method of treating and disposing of waste water containing salt, such as the brine that results from production of oil and/or gas wells, which includes introducing the waste water into a reverse osmosis unit to produce concentrated brine, and passing the concentrated brine through a combustion heat evaporator wherein said combustion heat is generated in a submerged combustion evaporator or exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to power a waste heat evaporator to produce a further concentrated brine. The concentrated brine from the combustion heat evaporator can then be mixed with a liquid such as the waste water that is introduced into the reverse osmosis unit. The resulting product can then be injected into a subterranean formation for purposes of disposal. The method allows the volume of the waste water to be significantly reduced while also increasing the salt concentration of the waste water.

Abstract: A device for filtering an electrically insulative and thermally conductive medium includes at least one heater immersed in the liquid medium and at least one solid particle filter immersed in and permeable to the liquid medium. The immersed filter is located in a natural convection current of the liquid medium.

Abstract: A method is provided for the treatment of contaminated materials such as impounded sludges and contaminated soils by thermal desorption wherein a solid matrix is subjected to the action of superheated steam in a closed vessel, a gas stream comprising superheated steam is recirculated to the vessel and recirculation of the superheated steam is continued until organic constituents are separated therefrom to predetermined concentrations that are environmentally insignificant and within the limits prescribed by governmental regulations.

Abstract: In apparatus for separating the components of a mixture, the mixture is admitted to a first inlet which communicates with a working region which may be defined by a cylindrical tube. A fluid under pressure is admitted to a chamber through a second inlet. The chamber also communicates with the working region. The fluid forms a spiralling flow which draws the mixture into the working region in the form of a vortex. In the apparatus, the chamber communicates with the working region by way of a throat, and the mixture is conveyed from the working region along an outlet.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing the volume of the liquid hazardous waste stream generated as a byproduct of the dry cleaning process combines an air atomization apparatus, and a temperature controlled water injection apparatus. The air atomization apparatus disposes of separator water by misting. The temperature controlled injection apparatus uses dry cleaning separator water to create and boil an azeotropic mixture in the still of the dry cleaning machine itself. Consequently, the storage and disposal of separator water is eliminated and almost no solvent is left in the residue of the still before disposal.

Abstract: A device for filtering and refining oil being cycled through an engine includes a container, a cover having an evaporator plate incorporated therein, and a filter cartridge. The evaporator plate is dimensioned to conform to a predetermined inner shape of the container to sealably fit therein inhibiting the purified oil to cycle back through the filter. The configuration is such that a predetermined amount of oil is directed into the device and first passes through the filter cartridge and then passes over the evaporator plate. The contaminants evaporated from the oil pass through a vent in the cover. The filtered and refined oil is then directed back into the engine.

Abstract: Systems and methods for peritoneal dialysis establish flow communication between a patient's peritoneal cavity and a drain through a pump chamber having generally vertically spaced upper and lower regions andt a diaphragm. The systems and methods operate the pump chamber, with the upper and lower regions oriented generally vertically, by applying fluid pressure to the diaphragm. The systems and methods direct liquid to the patient's peritoneal cavity only from the lower region of the pump chamber. In this way, the improved systems and methods collect air in the upper region of the vertically oriented pump chamber, while isolating the patient's peritoneal cavity from air in the pump chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for oxidizing an aqueous suspension of organic matter at elevated pressure. The apparatus has a reactor and an inlet for the aqueous suspension which is introduced to an upstream end of the reactor. A device for circulating the aqueous suspension through the reactor. An inlet for an oxygen containing gas introduced to the aqueous suspension. An outlet for removing treated aqueous suspension from a downstream end of the reactor and a static mixer vane arrangement for splitting, rearranging and combining the aqueous suspension as the circulating device circulates the aqueous suspension through the reactor. The improvement comprises withdrawing the treated aqueous suspension from the downstream end of the reactor and combining a major portion thereof with fresh incoming aqueous suspension. The circulating device returns the combined aqueous suspension to the reactor via the inlet for the aqueous suspension.

Abstract: A water purifier removes harmful materials from tap water by electrochemical oxidation-reduction and distillation without using any filters. The water purifier has an electrochemical oxidation-reduction unit which removes heavy metals and organic materials from tap water by an electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction, thus providing pre-purified water. A distillation unit heats the pre-purified water in order to vaporize the water while distilling off harmful materials. The vapor is discharged from the distillation unit and is condensed by a condenser while flowing in a vapor guide pipe, thus providing finally-purified water.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a method and device to treat and remediate contaminated soils and sludges and, in particular, relates to a treatment unit which is transportable, quickly mobilized, and capable of remediating large quantities of waste by exothermic stabilization processes such as the calcium oxide based DCR process.

Abstract: A water purification device comprises a compartment for holding a supply of impure water; a purified water collection zone; and a dense hydrophilic membrane between the compartment and the purified water collection zone. The membrane is capable of functioning by membrane distillation. A water vapour condensing surface is provided in the purified water collection zone. The condensing surface is spaced from the membrane.

Abstract: A method for processing chemical cleaning solvent waste that combines evaporation, purification, and absorption. The method is mobile and thus allows the processing to be done at the site of the cleaning where the entire processing can be completed. Evaporation produces a concentrated solvent and vapor and gas. The concentrated solvent is absorbed to produce a dry residue for long term storage or disposal and a liquid that is filtered and then released to the surrounding environment. The vapor and gas are scrubbed and condensed to produce a gas that is suitable for release and a distillate. The distillate is purified by filtration and reverse osmosis to produce a distillate that is suitable for release.

Abstract: A method of washing a substrate, wherein even traces of impurities in minute and high-aspect-ratio trenches or holes can be washed and removed free from contamination by washing solution and a system and a method for producing ultrapure water, capable of producing ultrahigh pure water for using in the washing. At the intermediate portions of a piping for supplying a predetermined ultrapure water to a use point, there are provided: a first steam generating means for heating a ultrapure water for conversion into a first steam; a steam heating means for further heating the first steam for conversion into a second steam higher in temperature than the first steam; and cooling means for cooling the second steam for conversion into a second ultrahigh water.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing and treating hydrocarbon-contaminated drill cuttings suspended in drilling mud so that the cuttings are made environmentally acceptable while the hydrocarbon contaminants are contemporaneously captured and returned for use in said drilling mud is disclosed. Using one or more shakers to make a first separation of the cuttings from the mud, a mud stream and a first slurry containing cuttings are produced. The mud stream is fed into a mud pit, while the first slurry is fed into a classifier/grit dewatering unit to separate the cuttings from the slurry to obtain a drill solids discharge. The drill solids discharge is passed into a rotating, heat-jacketed trundle for a time and at a temperature sufficient to vaporize the hydrocarbon contaminants to obtain processed solids and hydrocarbon vapors. The hydrocarbon vapors are captured and condensed to obtain a liquid hydrocarbon, which is delivered to the mud pit for admixture with the mud stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for initiating and sustaining an oxidation reaction. A fuel, such as natural gas or hazardous waste, is introduced into a reaction zone within a pressurized containment vessel. A permeable liner is placed within the containment vessel and around the reaction zone. An oxidizer, preferably oxygen, is mixed with a carrier fluid, such as water, and the mixture is heated and pressurized to supercritical conditions of temperature and pressure. The supercritical oxidizer-carrier mix is introduced to the reaction zone gradually and uniformly, over a comparatively large area, by forcing it radially inward through the permeable liner and toward the reaction zone. A means and method for cooling the exhausted by-products and using them as a cleansing rinse are disclosed.

Abstract: A transportable plant for processing a slurry by means of a chamber filter press designed as a membrane press contains at the same time a feed system for producing the slurry and diverse machinery for influencing temperature and pressure in the interior of the chamber filter press, such as a superheated steam unit, a hot air unit and a vacuum plant, which can be connected to the interior of the plant via switchable or controllable valves. The plant is suitable particularly for producing materials which are flowable or are in pieces, for example colorants, soup and drink powders, vegetable snacks and fruit snacks and diverse pharmaceuticals and for processing sewage sludge by filtration and subsequent drying or freeze-drying of the filter cake in the chamber filter press.

Abstract: An improved desalination system includes a transfer conduit between a pool of salt water and a pool of desalinated water. The transfer conduit is initially filled with water and is elevated so that a portion of the conduit is above the siphon height of water at atmospheric pressure with the open ends of the conduit submerged below the respective pools. Using solar heat to create a temperature differential in the transfer conduit, desalinated water vapor is transferred across a partial vacuum volume formed in the transfer conduit. Salt water is replenished in the transfer conduit from an elevated storage tank, resulting in a constant reduced salt concentration and transfer vacuum at the evaporation surface, reducing the need to repeatedly lower, recharge and raise the system. Various mechanisms are provided for improving heat transfer and condensation and for eliminating movement of the transfer conduit.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a processor comprising means (10,11,12,110,111,112) for mixing a process material with a process liquid (13,113) (such as water) and forming an emulsion or slurry. Means (17,18,21,24,117,120,230,420) is provided for pressuring (16,26,116,126) and heating (61,36,173,227) the slurry, and the slurry is then fed to means (28,128,320,420) for reducing the pressure (27,127) to the slurry or emulsion and for further increasing the temperature (33,227) of the slurry or emulsion. The drop in pressure and increase in temperature causes components of the slurry or emulsion to convert to gases and separate from the remainder of the slurry or emulsion which is removed from the processor in the form of solids (32,132). The gas is fed to one or more condensers (10,63,64,65,177,178) which separate the gas into useful liquids such as various grades of oil.

Abstract: The device for continuous filtration and drying of a solid suspension comprises a belt filter (1) and downstream a belt drier (2). By use of a porous conveyor belt (3) the filter cake generated in the belt filter (1) is conveyed further into the belt drier (2) in which there are provided heating devices for heating and drying the filter cake (7) which is on the conveyor belt (3). After leaving the belt filter (1), the filter cake (7) is present on the conveyor belt (3) in the form of a gas-permeable bed of solids in layer form having a maximum layer thickness of 50 mm, preferably a maximum of 20 mm. The heating devices in the belt drier (2) comprise, on the one hand, a hot gas chamber (8) disposed above the conveyor belt (3) to generate a hot gas which flows through the bed of solids downwardly from above and, on the other hand, one or more contact heating elements (10, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22) disposed above and/or below the conveyor belt (3).

Abstract: A process for the anaerobic digestion of organic carbonaceous material is disclosed. The process includes the steps of (a) hydrolyzing organic carbonaceous material to produce a digester stream including hydrolysis products; (b) subjecting the digester stream to a first methanation phase operating at thermophilic conditions to produce a gaseous product including methane; and (c) subjecting the digester stream to a second methanation phase operating at mesophilic conditions to produce further gaseous product including methane, and to recover heat. An apparatus for the anaerobic digestion of organic carbonaceous material is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus for recycling oil that has been removed from a vehicle of some type such as an automobile or tractor. The invention has a container with an access lid for inserting the oil to be processed. A heater is provided to insure that the oil will be of a temperature that it will be properly processed. A filter system is included which is mounted on top of the container. A pump moves the oil from the bottom of the container to the bottom of the filter system. Pressure then forces the oil through the filter system to a pipe which moves the oil back to the container for another cycle. Oil is continuously recycled from the container, through the filter and back to the container for several hours until the oil is clear. It is then ready for removal and reuse.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polybutene amine composition comprises the steps of reacting a chlorinated polybutene with an excess of at least one mole of at least one type of an amine compound per mole of the chlorinated polybutene at a reaction temperature of at least about 100.degree. C.; neutralizing the reaction mixture with a base selected from the group of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal alkoxides and amides with formulation of one of an alcohol or ammonia, respectively; neutralizing any excess base with an acid that will produce essentially no water as a by-product; and recovering the polybutene amine composition, the process including the steps of removing the alcohol or ammonia in a timely fashion; and removing excess of the amine compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for removing an organic compound in water at a high efficiency by separating an organic compound, particularly such an organic chlorine compound as 1,2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride and chloroform dissolved in water or forming two liquid phases with water from a water phase, by the steps of:(i) charging water containing an organic compound into a first distillation column for conducting distillation or steam distillation to take the organic compound and water out of the top of the first distillation column and to obtain a bottom liquor containing the organic compound at a lower content from the bottom of the first distillation column, and(ii) charging the bottom liquor of the first distillation column into a second distillation column operated at a pressure lower than that in the first distillation column for conducting distillation, preferably flashing under reduced pressure, to take a gas distillate containing a large amount of the organic compound out of the t

Abstract: Sewage water with entrained solids as an effluent is fed into the trough bottom shaped process tank that is a totally enclosed tank other than for inlets and outlets therefore. The system disposes of water from sewage effluents and also residual solids thereof and is fed sewage to a controlled depth in a tank trough with high temperatures used to sterilize the effluent. A two-speed motor driven mixer driven at low speed continually mixes and blend the sewage effluent at the same time air from a blower is bubbled through the mixture. Heat is added to increase water vapor saturation capability of the air flow through the system. The air/vapor mixture flows through a recuperative heat exchanger supported within the tank above the surface of sewage effluent contained therein, absorbing heat with flow, through a catalyst bed in a chamber with circulation through the heat exchanger and on out an exhaust vent with impurities oxidized and vented with air flow.

Abstract: An arrangement for reducing the moisture content of sludge includes a spray dryer to which the sludge, a dispersion medium in the form of gas or vapor as well as hot gas can be supplied. The arrangement further includes a separating unit with solids discharge arranged following the spray dryer via a transfer line and a heater for raising the temperature level of the gas entering the separating unit, wherein the heater is arranged in a connecting line between the separating unit and the spray dryer.

Abstract: In a continuous process for drying a sludge composed of combustible material and water, the wet sludge is first mixed with a proportion of material which has been dried in the process and is then fed into a hot gas stream from a burner. The hot gas stream carries the mixture along and dries it, and a proportion is tapped off and mixed with the incoming wet sludge. A part of the remainder is fed, with supplementary fuel, if necessary, to the burner to create the hot gas stream. The rate of fuel supply is varied in dependence on a temperature of the hot gas stream when it exhausts from the mixture drying operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering wash water from effluent generated by a pulp and paper mill. The method includes filtering at least a portion of the effluent to form a filtrate stream and an organic solids feed stream. The organic solids feed stream is exposed to a temperature and a pressure which are supercritical for water to cause a substantial portion of the organic component to oxidize and form a product stream that, when cooled, includes a gaseous component, an inorganic solids component, and a liquid wash water component. The wash water component is separated from the gaseous and inorganic solids components, thereby recovering wash water.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for treating dried sludge comprising organic material, inorganic material and heavy mertals. The process comprises indirectly heating the sludge in the absence of oxygen to a temperature of from 300.degree. to 550.degree. C. for volatilization of organic material and heating the residual char in the absence of oxygen to a temperature of from 750.degree. C. to 1000.degree. C. together with injecting steam for gasifying non volatile organic carbons in theresidual char, whereby the organic material in the sluge is converted into energy-containing products. The heavy metals remain in the ash as metal-sulfide complexes which are not soluble in acdidic water.

Abstract: A system and process for treating solid and liquid wastes, where the solid waste is separated from the liquid waste in a chamber, the liquid waste is passed out of the chamber, the solid waste is converted to ash, a fluid such as liquid waste is introduced into the chamber and combined with the ash, and the ash and fluid are exhausted out of the chamber together. Preferably, the system includes the use of hot air to agitate the solids during their conversion to ash. Desirably, the system also includes a filter and means to swirl the liquid waste as it exits the chamber, so that the liquid waste evenly distributes the solid waste within the filter as the liquid waste is exhausted.

Abstract: The auxiliary or working liquid is cleaned by being urged through a pervaporation membrane module (3), then the permeate stream from the membrane module is led through a condenser (4), where the impurities concentrated in the permeate stream precipitate. The stream of retentate and the stream of permeate from the membrane module are then fed back to a compressor (1). The differential pressure of the compressor belonging to the compressor system is used to operate this circuit.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment device evaporates water from contaminant containing wastewater, to produce a contaminant concentrated residue. The device includes a transport, such as pump, for transporting wastewater to a wastewater applicator, and a wastewater applicator for applying the wastewater to an evaporating surface of an evaporator drum. A rotatable evaporator drum has a heat conductive evaporating surface, and a heater for heating the evaporating surface to foster the evaporation of water from the wastewater. A motor, chain and drive shaft are provided for rotating the evaporator drum, and a scraper is provided for removing the contaminant concentrated residue from the evaporating surface. A controller is provided for controlling the operation of the device.

Abstract: Apparatus for breaking or separating a liquid mixture or emulsion having two or more components. The apparatus includes a closed vessel having one or more sequentially connected filtering compartments holding a filtering element such as a membrane assembly capable of achieving a multi-stage pervaporation to separate out a vaporous component of the solution. The apparatus further includes a bypass facility which interconnects adjacent filtering compartments. To compensate for the loss of heat energy during the vaporization segments, the residual liquid solution is bypassed into a second vaporization phase, the bypass facility including heating means for maintaining the residual solution of a predetermined liquid temperature prior to its entering the second or subsequent filtering phase.

Abstract: A combined vertical column and shallow tray semicontinuous deodoriser for edible oils and fats and comprising a column (10) of discrete vessels and a deodorising vessel (13) disposed within or valve-connective thereto. In the operation of the device, heated oil from a vessel (12) is supplied to deodorising vessel (13) wherein it is circulated by steam injection at (33) through a lift tube (29), between a plurality of vertically separated self draining shallow trays (26, 27, 28). The entire oil content of deodorising vessel (13) is circulated therethrough approximately once a minute for a period in the region of eighteen minutes to strip free fatty acids and other volatile components from the oil by falling curtain and steam sparge techniques, and then the oil batch is discharged to a heat recovery vessel (14) and a cooling vessel (15) before product discharge.

Abstract: In a multi-pass system for purifying oil or other liquids, an improved apparatus and method for mixing air with the contaminated liquid for separation after a phase change from liquid to gas. The contaminated liquid is drawn from a reservoir by a pump, filtered, and heated, and atmospheric air is induced into the contaminated liquid downstream of the heater by an eductor, which promotes the phase change from liquid to vapor. The liquid/contaminant mix, which now includes entrained air, is passed immediately through a second eductor, the compressibility of the air in tile mix, followed by expansion of the compressed air as the mix exits the second eductor, causing intimate contact of air and contaminant, thereby promoting the stripping of the contaminant from tile liquid. The air/liquid/contaminant mix is then routed to a level controlled separation tank, water vapor, contaminants, and condensate being released from tile tank ill the space above the pooled liquid.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for anaerobically digesting sludge by filling an anaerobic sludge digestion vessel having a top and bottom and a substantially vertical draft tube with an upper end spaced downward of the vessel top and a lower end spaced upward of the vessel bottom, with liquid sludge to a level substantially above the draft tube upper end; feeding a pressurized stream of liquid sludge to the inlet side of an upwardly directed jet nozzle operatively positioned and in communication with a substantially vertical venturi tube having a lower inlet and forming part of the draft tube lower end to a lower pressure thereby creating suction at the venturi tube inlet and producing a pumping action which causes a stream of liquid sludge in the vessel bottom space to flow into and upwardly in and out of the draft tube upper end and to thoroughly admix and disperse with the pressurized sludge stream supplied to the jet nozzle and also causing downward circulating flow of liquid sludge in the vessel.

Abstract: In a multi-pass system for purifying oil or other liquids, an improved apparatus and method for mixing air with the contaminated liquid for separation after a phase change from liquid to gas. The contaminated liquid is drawn from a reservoir by a pump, filtered, and heated, and atmospheric air is induced into the contaminated liquid downstream of the heater by an eductor, which promotes the phase change from liquid to vapor. The liquid/contaminant mix, which now includes entrained air, is passed immediately through a second eductor, the compressibility of the air in the mix, followed by expansion of the compressed air as the mix exits the second eductor, causing intimate contact of air and contaminant, thereby promoting the stripping of the contaminant from the liquid. The air/liquid/contaminant mix is then routed to a level controlled separation tank, water vapor, contaminants, and condensate being released from the tank in the space above the pooled liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bioreactor unit for the aerobic biological treatment of hydrocarbon contaminated waste water and off-gases. The bioreactor comprises a biotreatment chamber comprising a vertically extending housing unit forming the walls, floor and ceiling of the biotreatment chamber. The housing unit also comprises a door for accessing the biotreatment chamber. The biotreatment chamber also comprises waste water inlet means for discharging waste water under pressure from the upper portion of the biotreatment chamber, onto a plurality of superimposed water treatment trays disposed substantially horizontally inside the chamber, the water treatment trays being adapted for retrieval from the biotreatment chamber through the door of the housing unit. Each water treatment tray has at least one bottom porous section adapted to receive contact media.

Abstract: A process for depolymerizing polymers by selective, partial oxidation at supercritical or near supercritical conditions for water and wherein supercritical water or water near supercritical conditions is used as a solvent and reforming agent, is used to produce relatively high yields of the monomers originally used to produce the polymers. The invention provides an environmentally friendly process for recycling polymeric waste materials to generate valuable polymer feedstock in a closed oxidation process which is free of hazardous stack emissions. The polymers which can be recycled in accordance with the process can include typical amounts of conventional additive and other impurities without significantly affecting the overall conversion.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for initiating and sustaining an oxidation reaction. A fuel, such as natural gas or hazardous waste, is introduced into a reaction zone within a pressurized containment vessel. A permeable liner is placed within the containment vessel and around the reaction zone. An oxidizer, preferably oxygen, is mixed with a carrier fluid, such as water, and the mixture is heated and pressurized to supercritical conditions of temperature and pressure. The supercritical oxidizer-carrier mix is introduced to the reaction zone gradually and uniformly, over a comparatively large area, by forcing it radially inward through the permeable liner and toward the reaction zone. A means and method for cooling the exhausted by-products and using them as a cleansing rinse are disclosed.

Abstract: Selenium and other non-volatile inorganic contaminants in refinery waste water are removed from said waste water and disposed of by a process comprising subjecting the contaminated waste water stream to a non-chemical concentration process producing a contaminants concentrate stream and a clean water stream and passing the contaminants concentrate stream to a coker unit wherein it is used as coker elutriant to quench the coke.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a processor comprising means for mixing a process material with a process liquid (such as water) and forming an emulsion or slurry. Means is provided for pressuring and heating the slurry, and the slurry is then fed to means for quickly reducing the pressure to a relatively low value and further increasing the temperature. The rapid drop in pressure and increase in temperature causes components of the slurry to convert to volatile gases and separate from the remainder of the slurry which is removed from the processor in the form of solids. The gas is fed to one or more condensers which separate the gas into useful liquids such as various grades of oil.

Abstract: A sequencing batch apparatus being manually or automatically operated for treating a contaminated water is described. The present invention specifically relates to the apparatus comprising an inlet pipe, a batch reactor, a chemical feeder means, at least one mixing means, a coarse bubble distribution means, a fine bubble distribution means, a liquid discharge means, and sludge discharge means for required liquid treatment, and further alternatively comprising a gas moving means, a gas pipe, a flow meter, an enclosure and a gas purification means for air emission control upon demand. The present invention further relates to an apparatus system comprising means for recovering precious metal, controlling optimum pH in an acid range, reducing hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium, controlling optimum pH in a base range, oxidizing cyanide, destroying phosphite, separating flocs, exchanging metals, adsorbing contaminants, neutralizing an effluent, and controlling gas emission.

Abstract: A method for removing an organic extraction solvent from an extraction residue, which is characterized in that an oil or fat is allowed to contact an extraction residue remaining in an oil-and-fat extractor which contains an organic solvent, and the oil or fat is then drawn out of said extractor. The procedures of allowing oil or fat to contact said residue and of drawing the oil or fat out of said extractor are repeated until the density of the solvent in the atmosphere of said extractor becomes lower than the lowest ignitable limit.

Abstract: A system for removing contaminants from a solution is provided. A supply tank holds the contaminated solution and a reactor containing a catalyst receives the contaminated solution from the supply tank and further receives hydrogen for reacting with the catalyst and contaminants for removal thereof. The system is applicable to both aqueous and non-aqueous streams contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbon and the like. Furthermore, the hydrogen for the system may be produced in situ.

Abstract: A combination filter and evaporator unit for use in small engine applications includes a filter member that is screw threadedly engaged to the evaporator unit to facilitate replacement of filter media as needed. The design of the unit constrains incoming oil to flow first through the filter media and then to an evaporation chamber. A central hub and a bottom wall of the evaporation chamber are directly heated by a heating element, and the evaporation chamber is closed by an imperforate lid so that heat loss is inhibited.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating a partially miscible solvent from a contaminated water stream. The apparatus includes a fully enclosed containment vessel having an internal volume bounded by a plurality of walls which define the width, length and height of the internal volume. Devices for feeding the contaminated water, for discharging a solvent rich vapor stream, and for discharging a purified water stream are provided. A dam separates the internal volume into a phase separation zone and a falling film stripping zone with the dam located proximate one end of the internal volume. The dam includes a wall sealably disposed across the entire width of the internal volume and extended upward to a terminal location a distance from the bottom of the internal volume over a portion of the height of the internal volume. In use, the dam determines and maintains a maximum liquid level in the phase separation zone.

Abstract: A sludge drying system using exhaust air from a furnace in a direct heat, rotary drum dryer to simultaneously dry and pelletize the sludge. The dried sludge particles exiting the dryer is entrained in the exhaust air. The sludge particles are separated from the exhaust air and then classified according to size. The exhaust air is treated in a treatment section, and then divided into two exhaust air streams or portions. A first portion of the exhaust air is discharged into the environment, while the second, larger portion of the exhaust air is recycled back to the furnace to be used to dry the sludge in the drier. In one embodiment, the exhaust air treatment section is provided with a spray condenser and a bio-filter. In another embodiment, the exhaust air treatment section is provided with a heat exchanger for exhaust air.