Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for extracting heat from hot unrefined water for the purpose of using this heat to do useful work, and specifically for extracting such heat while minimizing the undesirable effects caused by formation of scale and other solid build-up of scale-forming impurities in the hot unrefined water. Before contact with a heat exchange surface the hot unrefined water has added thereto an agent capable of increasing the formation of non-scale-forming species of said scale-forming impurities. These agents may be added immediately before passing the hot unrefined water through heat exchange equipment and/or directly into a geothermal well.

Abstract: Moisture is removed from a fluid waste product or material by pumping the material axially through an elongated porous tube, forcing a gas generally radially inwardly through the tube to effect disintegration of the material, and then directing the material through a perforated duct which receives heated air from a burner unit. As the moisture evaporates from the material, the moisture vapor is separated from the dry solid particles by a separator connected to a suction blower for inducing a draft. The apparatus may also be adapted for treating or drying other materials such as slurries of metallurgical ores and for oxidizing or reducing mineral-type materials in addition to drying finely dispersed metal slurries in the production of powdered metals. Another embodiment of the apparatus is used for burning a fluid waste product or material.

Abstract: A system and method for extracting heat from hot unrefined water and ultimately using this heat to do useful work, while avoiding the danger of damage to heat exchange equipment by scale and corrosion, which is many times attendant on such methods. The hot unrefined water is passed through a housing containing porous material giving up its heat to the porous material. A volume of clean water is then passed through the housing picking up the heat from the porous material. The heated clean water can then be passed through a more or less conventional heat exchanger without danger of damaging the internal surfaces of the exchanger with scale and corrosion.

Abstract: A waste disposal system and method which incinerates solid human excrement evacuated into a toilet bowl employing a reusable chemical flushing liquid. The liquid discharges into an individual holding tank and thereafter is reusable for additional flushes until the solid excrement in the individual holding tank reaches approximately a predetermined level which usually is determined by the number of flushes. Then the collected human waste is discharged into a main collection holding tank where the solid excrement along with some of the chemical liquid rises until a predetermined level is reached.