Abstract: The invention provides a blood treatment device comprising: a dialyser; an inlet pump assembly; an outlet pump assembly; and a control system. The inlet pump assembly configured to deliver a first volume of dialysate from a dialysate source to the dialyser in an inlet pump cycle having a dialysate delivery stroke. The outlet pump assembly configured to remove a second volume of dialysate from the dialyser and deliver the dialysate away from the dialyser in an outlet pump cycle having a dialysate removal stroke. The control system is configured to operate the inlet pump assembly in the inlet pump cycle, and configured to operate the outlet pump assembly in the outlet pump cycle. For each inlet pump cycle there is a corresponding outlet pump cycle, and each inlet pump assembly dialysate delivery stroke has a commencement time t1 and a termination time h, and each outlet pump assembly dialysate removal stroke has a commencement time t3 and a termination time t4.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for sample collection and sample separation. In one embodiment, a device is provided for use with a formed component liquid sample, the device comprising at least one sample inlet for receiving said sample; at least a first outlet for outputting only a liquid portion of the formed component liquid sample; at least a second outlet for outputting the formed component liquid sample at least a first material mixed therein.

Abstract: Purification devices and methods remove perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) from PFC-contaminated water using temperature swing adsorption and desorption.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for removing liquid from a sample containing both liquid component and gaseous component. In particular, the liquid component may be separated from the sample by flowing the gaseous component of the sample from a lower chamber to an upper chamber through a membrane. The liquid portion of the sample may be drain from the lower chamber via a drainage channel within the bottom wall of the lower chamber. The liquid portion of the sample flows horizontally outward in the drainage channel through capillary action induced by a capillary part positioned within the drainage channel.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrafine bubble generating method and an ultrafine bubble generating apparatus capable of efficiently generating a UFB-containing liquid with high purity. To this end, a flow passage inner volume is varied by using a flow passage inner volume varying element, the liquid is pressurized such that the liquid passes through a narrow portion at high speed and flows into a depressurizing area.

Abstract: The invention relates to products by processes, product compositions, product formulations and product uses that are all related to reduced ultrapure water cluster sizes in an aqueous composition containing a non-H2O substance in the reduced size water clusters in order to improve bioavailability of the aqueous composition. The invention processes use higher flow rate of the blended aqueous composition from a jet openings of a nozzle inside the hollow cylinder to reduce sizes of the ultrapure water clusters in the blended aqueous composition of the non-H2O substance to less than 300 nanometers.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a chamber and an intake device configured to control a flow of fluid into the chamber. The fluid comprises particles; a resonance device is configured to resonate the chamber to provide an acoustic standing wave within the chambers. The frequency of the standing wave is selected to cause particles above a specific size to collect at a node of the standing wave.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing amalgam and waste particles from dental office suction effluent. The apparatus includes an upper chamber and a solids collection canister removably secured thereto. Dental office suction effluent drawn through a dental suction wand enters the upper chamber along a lateral flow path above a substantially cylindrical internal wall portion. A gas component of dental office suction effluent changes direction by more than 60° before it exits the upper chamber through an exit port. A riser conveys a liquid and solids component of dental office suction effluent through a drain into the solids collection canister. A flow restrictor allows liquids and gases to exit the solids collection canister interior volume but prohibits solids from exiting the solids collection canister interior volume.

Abstract: This disclosure may relate to a system and method for calculating the mud angle from a downhole device. A method for estimating a mud angle may comprise: disposing a downhole tool into a borehole; extending an arm of the downhole tool to a first location, wherein a pad is disposed on the arm; taking a first impedance measurement with at least one button electrode, wherein the button electrode is disposed in a button array, wherein the button array is disposed on the pad; extending the arm to a second location; taking a second impedance measurement with the at least one button electrode; transmitting the first measurement and the second measurement to an information handling system; and estimating the mud angle from the first impedance measurement and the second impedance measurement with an information handling system.

Abstract: A vertical hydraulic tank includes an upper cylindrical section and a lower conical section, with an outlet in the lower conical section. A lower multi-path manifold is attached to the outlet, the manifold including a vertical conduit in fluid communication with the outlet and a plurality of horizontal conduits in fluid communication with the vertical conduit. An upper multi-path manifold can also be attached to the tank with a plurality of upper horizontal conduits and a vertical conduit in fluid communication with the upper cylindrical section of the tank. Valves may be provided along the vertical conduit and the horizontal conduits to regulate flow of material through the conduits. A pump may be connected to either the upper manifold or the lower manifold, or both by way of a pump conduit. Multiple tanks can be connected together by way of tubing between the manifolds of each tank.

Abstract: Multi-stage acoustophoretic devices for continuously separating a second fluid or a particulate from a host fluid are disclosed. Methods of operating the multi-stage acoustophoretic devices are also disclosed. The systems may include multiple acoustophoretic devices fluidly connected to one another in series, each acoustophoretic device comprising a flow chamber, an ultrasonic transducer capable of creating a multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave, and a reflector. The systems can further include pumps and flowmeters.

Abstract: Separator device for separating gas from a liquid flow, including a housing having an inlet and an outlet. The separator device includes a venturi in a liquid flow path extending from the inlet to the outlet. The separator device includes a nozzle in communication with the liquid flow for spraying a part of the liquid of the liquid flow into the housing. The separator device includes a valve for allowing gas to escape from the housing.

Abstract: Bubble traps for use in medical fluid lines and medical fluid bubble trap systems are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the bubble trap is configured to trap gas (e.g., air) that flows into the bubble trap from a fluid line. In some embodiments, the bubble trap includes an inlet and an outlet and a chamber between the inlet and the outlet. For example, in some embodiments, the bubble trap is configured to inhibit gas from flowing into the outlet once gas flows into the chamber from the inlet. In some embodiments, the bubble trap is in fluid communication with a source container, a destination container, and/or a patient.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of capturing particulates. The methods may include contacting particulates in a gas stream with one or more acoustic waves. The one or more acoustic waves may include standing waves or waves of modulating frequency. The methods may include promoting agglomeration of particulates with an electrostatic force. Also provided herein are systems for capturing particulates.

Abstract: Apparatus features an acoustic comb filter module configured to receive signaling containing information about different frequencies F1 and F2 to create a selected comb spacing D to capture certain particles having a selected size X in a flow stream in a flow pipe, and to provide an acoustic standing wave via ultrasonic excitation based at least partly on the two different frequencies F1 and F2 to create the selected comb spacing D to capture the certain particles having the selected size X in the flow stream in the flow pipe. The apparatus may also include a particle size or distribution determination module configured to receive the certain particles for off-stream analysis via a detection port that forms part of the flow pipe and determine the particle size or distribution of the certain particles in the flow stream in the flow pipe.

Abstract: A system may include an output manifold that may be in fluid communication with a reservoir and that may include multiple discharge ports. Each of the discharge ports may be configured to discharge electrorheological fluid into a housing. A recovery manifold may be in fluid communication with the reservoir and include multiple recovery ports. Each of the recovery ports may be configured to receive the electrorheological fluid from a housing. A gas remover may be positioned to extract gas from the electrorheological fluid received from the recovery ports. A housing may be connected to the system, and electrorheological fluid from the system may be pumped through the housing and the gas remover.

Abstract: A surgical collection assembly for filtering material from liquid obtained during surgery. A jar having an inlet and an outlet each adapted for connection to a suction line. A set of orientation features to position an upper portion of a collection basket within the jar such that an upper portion of the collection basket does not impede a flow of material entering the jar through the inlet. A bottom surface with a pattern of recessed paths in the bottom surface, the pattern of recessed paths connected to the outlet. A plunger assembly that may be reversibly attached to the jar so that a distal end of a plunger may be used to compress collected material within the collection basket to help remove fluid from the collected material. For certain uses, the surgical collection assembly may have a simple jar lid without an integrated plunger.

Abstract: A controlled production fluids separator. The separator is configured to be placed in fluid communication with a production fluids flow line coming off of a well head. The separator includes an inlet configured to receive fluids from the flow line. The separator has a water dump valve and an oil dump valve. The separator further has a gas outlet residing along the upper surface of the vessel. The gas outlet comprises a valve configured to open and close in response to control signals. In this way, the valve serves as a back-pressure regulator valve for the separator. The separator also includes a controller. The controller is configured to periodically receive data indicative of fluid flow through the flow line, and adjust a back-pressure setpoint in real time by sending signals to the back-pressure regulator valve for opening and closing. A method of operating a three-phase production fluids separator is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a functionalised polymeric chromatography medium, which process comprises (I) providing two or more non-woven sheets stacked one on top of the other, each said sheet comprising one or more polymer nanofibres, (II) simultaneously heating and pressing the stack of sheets to fuse points of contact between the nanofibres of adjacent sheets, and (III) contacting the pressed and heated product with a reagent which functionalises the product of step (II) as a chromatography medium.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating water containing a low-molecular-weight organic substance which enables the low-molecular-weight organic substance to be removed with certainty at a sufficient level without subjecting the water to a biological treatment. A method for treating water containing a low-molecular-weight organic substance, the method comprising passing raw water to a high-pressure reverse-osmosis-membrane separation device, the raw water containing a low-molecular-weight organic substance having a molecular weight of 200 or less at a concentration of 0.5 mgC/L or more, wherein an amount of brine discharged from a reverse-osmosis-membrane module (5a) disposed at an end of a final stage of the high-pressure reverse-osmosis-membrane separation device is 2.1 m3/(m2·D) or more.

Abstract: An acoustophoretic system is controlled and driven to attain a desired level of performance. An RF controller and a driver provide a frequency and power to an acoustic transducer, which can be implemented as a piezoelectric element, which presents a reactive load or a complex load. A controller implements a control technique for efficient transducer operation. The control technique can locate a frequency for operation that is at a reactance minimum or maximum for the system to produce a modal pattern and to provide efficient operation of the transducer. A method of detecting a minimum or maximum reactance in a acoustophoretic system used to trap, separate, deflect, cluster, fractionate or otherwise process particles or secondary fluids or tertiary fluids in a primary fluid and utilizing the frequency of the detected reactance to operate the acoustophoretic system.

Abstract: A particle control method is provided which can prevent an extremely small quantity of particles descending on a stream of a laminar flow in a clean zone through which the laminar flow flows as in a RABS or isolator device from descending to a specific position or can guide it so as to descend to the specific position by controlling movement of the particles. A particle descent position is separated away from a board surface of the oscillation board by using an acoustic radiation pressure generated by prompting ultrasonic vibration of the oscillation board disposed with a board surface substantially in parallel with a flow direction of the laminar flow.

Abstract: A system for removing undesirable compounds from contaminated air includes a biofilter having an alkaline material introduction system and a fuzzy-logic based controller. A contaminant, such as hydrogen sulfide, is removed from contaminated air by passing the contaminated air through the biofilter.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the performance of kidney replacement therapy having or using a dialyzer, control components, sorbent cartridge and fluid reservoirs configured to be of a weight and size suitable to be worn or carried by an individual requiring treatment are disclosed. The system for performing kidney replacement therapy has a controlled compliance dialysis circuit, where a control pump controls the bi-directional movement of fluid across a dialysis membrane. The dialysis circuit and an extracorporeal circuit for circulating blood are in fluid communication through the dialysis membrane. The flux of fluid moving between the extracorporeal circuit and the dialysis circuit is modified by the rate at which the control pump is operating such that a rate of ultrafiltration and convective clearance can be controlled. The system provides for the monitoring of an inlet and outlet conductivity of the sorbent cartridge to provide a facility to quantify or monitor the removal of urea by the sorbent cartridge.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment device has: an ozone generator which supplies ozone; a mixer which mixes ozone supplied from the ozone generator with wastewater and supplies ozone mixed wastewater; an ozone oxidation unit which progresses ozone oxidation in the ozone mixed wastewater while passing the ozone mixed wastewater therethrough and discharges wastewater in which the ozone has been consumed; a biological treatment unit which performs biological treatment on the wastewater discharged from the ozone oxidation unit using microorganisms; and an adjusting device which adjusts the amount of ozone to be mixed with the wastewater by the mixer so that ozone in an amount that inhibits the microorganisms of the biological treatment unit does not remain in the wastewater discharged from the ozone oxidation unit.

Abstract: An air separator of an extracorporeal blood treatment machine is disclosed in which a flow conducting element is arranged directly downstream of a fluid inlet of an air separator opening into an air separating chamber, the fluid inlet forcing the inflowing fluid into a flow direction at least along/tangential to the chamber periphery.

Abstract: An integrated compact station of subsea separation and pumping systems of fluids, which is suitable for use in any subsea system, that is for the separation of fluids and/or solids. The compact integrated station includes a first separation module and a second pumping module of reinjection water, and a harp as a gas-liquid gravitational separator. Additionally, the compact integrated station includes a robotic arm installed on a cover involving said first separation module and a liquid-liquid gravitational tubular separator module. The integrated compact station may be applied to any subsea system of separation of fluids connected to the well of oil and gas production, or alternatively, installed directly connected to the production manifold.

Abstract: Provided is a filtration device exhibiting a high water treatment capacity and capable of increasing the longevity of a hollow-fiber filter, in a water purification device not requiring a purification material and requiring a high water treatment capacity. The filtration device (3) has: a housing case (15) having a water inlet unit and a water outlet unit arranged on one end side thereof; and a membrane module (17) provided inside this housing case (15). A first flow path (31) for causing raw water that has flowed in from the water inlet unit (21) to flow further to the other end side of the housing case (15) than the membrane module (17), and a second flow path (33) for causing the raw water that has flowed further to the other end side of the housing case (15) along this first flow path (31) to pass through the membrane module (17) and flow to the water outlet unit (23) are provided inside the housing case (15).

Abstract: A multi-dimensional liquid analysis system includes a flow splitter for separating mobile phase outflow from a first dimension liquid analysis system into first and second liquid split outlet flows. Volumetric flow rate control of the split outlet flows is provided by a flow control pump which withdraws one of the split outlet flows from the flow splitter at a controlled withdrawal flow rate to define the other split outlet flow rate as the difference between the outflow rate from the first dimension system and the withdrawal flow rate. In this manner, accurate and consistent flow division can be accomplished, which is particularly useful for multi-dimensional liquid analysis.

Abstract: An immersion cooled electronics arrangement includes a housing containing a coolant, an electronic device submerged within the housing and in thermal communication with the coolant, and a variable volume body. The variable volume body is disposed within the housing. An actuator is operatively connected to the variable volume body and is arranged to displace coolant within the housing.

Abstract: The gas adsorbent of one aspect according to the present invention includes is included in the glass panel unit. The gas adsorbent includes: a substrate made of fiber or a porous substance, of inorganic material; and a liquid containing a getter attached to the substrate.

Abstract: An UV-irradiation apparatus of an embodiment is provided with an irradiation unit, a measuring unit, a detecting unit, a calculator and a display. The irradiation unit irradiates treatment water as a treatment target with treating ultraviolet rays. The measuring unit measures ultraviolet ray intensity of ultraviolet rays transmitted through the treatment water. The detecting unit detects a deterioration of the irradiation unit in accordance with the ultraviolet ray intensity measured by the measuring unit. The calculator calculates the ultraviolet ray permeability of the treatment water, on the basis of the ultraviolet ray intensity of ultraviolet rays emitted from the irradiation unit depending on a preset setting value and the ultraviolet ray intensity measured by the measuring unit. The display displays the detection result of the deterioration of the irradiation unit by the detecting unit, and the ultraviolet ray permeability calculated by the calculator.

Abstract: Disposable set for an extracorporeal blood treatment system. The disposable set includes an extracorporeal blood circuit having a blood withdrawal line and a blood return line configured to be attached to a blood treatment device and an infusion circuit coupled to the extracorporeal blood circuit through infusion lines. The disposable set further includes an infusion valve unit configured to be releasably connected to an infusion pump of the extracorporeal blood treatment system, the infusion valve unit incorporating a one-way valve or seal to control the flow of infusion liquid through the infusion cicuit.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a centripetal air or gas cleaning apparatus for removing particulates from air or gas. The apparatus comprises an inlet, housing, impeller, a clean air outlet, and a particulate outlet. The housing has an inner conical surface. The impeller's rotation creates negative pressure towards the inlet that intakes particulate-pervaded air or gas into the housing. The rotation also induces an accelerating force that throws the particulate-pervaded air or gas against the outer walls of the housing. Here, the particulates separate from the air or gas, penetrate a high-pressure zone, and are ejected through the particulate outlet located in the high-pressure zone. The air or gas, having less inertia, deflects away from the high-pressure zone where it is then subjected to a centripetal force that drives the air or gas towards the center of the housing behind the impeller where it is ejected through the clean air outlet.

Abstract: Methods for real-time, continuous measurements of the composition and other properties of individual phases of petroleum, water and gas mixtures during the oil production process, without requiring test separators, test lines, with associated valving and instrumentation, are described. Embodiments of the present invention direct ultrasonic sound transmission through a flowing multiphase fluid in three frequency ranges: low frequencies, gas bubble resonance frequencies, and high frequencies, wherein certain sound propagation measurements, including sound speed, sound attenuation and sound scattering, are made in one or more of the three separate frequency regions, from which the multiphase composition and other properties are extracted without having to separate the multiphase fluid or the gas from the flowing stream.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for removing contaminants from an industrial fluid waste. The method comprises the steps of ozofractionating the industrial fluid waste, whereby contaminants are oxidised and a foam fractionate is formed; and separating at least a portion of the foam fractionate and any precipitate from the ozofractionated fluid.

Abstract: Rich natural gas is first compressed, then ambient air cooled and separated into lean natural gas, NGL and water. Hydrate formation during decompression of the lean gas is precluded by either heating the lean natural gas or mixing the lean natural gas with methanol or other additive before depressurization. Similarly, hydrate formation in the NGL is also precluded by either heating the NGL or mixing the NGL with methanol or other additive before depressurization. The NGL is conditioned for storage and transport in common propane tanks by a stabilizer or two-phase separator. The lean natural gas can be used for internal combustion, liquefied natural gas, compressed natural gas or liquid fuel processing.

Abstract: The invention is a method for characterizing a liquid sample, said liquid sample containing particles, the method comprising the following steps: a) illuminating said sample using a light source that is able to emit an incident light wave towards the sample; b) detecting, using a photodetector, a light wave transmitted by the sample thus illuminated; c) characterizing the sample depending on an intensity of the light wave detected by the photodetector. The method comprises, prior to step c), applying an acoustic wave to the sample, said acoustic wave forming pressure nodes and pressure antinodes in the sample, so as to separate, in the latter, a poor portion, poor in particles, and rich portion, rich in particles, such that, in step c), the sample is characterized: either on the basis of the intensity of the light wave transmitted by the poor portion; or on the basis of the intensity of the light wave transmitted by the rich portion.

Abstract: A surgical collection assembly for filtering material from liquid obtained during surgery. A jar having an inlet and an outlet each adapted for connection to a suction line. A set of orientation features to position an upper portion of a collection basket within the jar such that an upper portion of the collection basket does not impede a flow of material entering the jar through the inlet. A bottom surface with a pattern of recessed paths in the bottom surface, the pattern of recessed paths connected to the outlet. A plunger assembly that may be reversibly attached to the jar so that a distal end of a plunger may be used to compress collected material within the collection basket to help remove fluid from the collected material. For certain uses, the surgical collection assembly may have a simple jar lid without an integrated plunger.

Abstract: Devices for washing a composition including cells are provided. The devices include a separation channel, a first wave component and a second wave component. The separation channel is positioned between the first and second wave components. Collectively, the wave components generate a standing bulk acoustic wave that isolates cells from the composition.

Abstract: A device (1) and a method are provided for treating a porous filtration medium (37) having a receiving unit (2) with of a receiving part (5) and a base part (6). The porous filtration medium (37) can be lifted by the receiving part (5) from a lower part (33) of a filtration device (32), and the receiving part (5) with the porous filtration medium (37) can be mounted on the base part (6). The receiving part (5) is latchable to the base part (6). The base part (6), towards the filtration medium (37) has an incubation chamber (17) connected to a base part (6) outlet (3) that faces away from the receiving part (5), and the outlet (3) has a projection onto which a receiving vessel (4) containing a solvent (28) for dissolving the porous filtration medium (37) can be detachably pushed on.

Abstract: An integrated mass spectrometer electrospray emitter and fluorescence detector allows improved volumetric measurements of separate components from a liquid chromatography column by improving correlation between the readings of these instruments and reducing dead volume and sample size requirements.

Abstract: A Fenton reactor, including a body. The body includes: from the bottom up, a sewage introduction zone, a solid acid reaction zone, tubular ceramic membranes, and a water generation zone. A water feed pump, a first chemical feed pump, and a second chemical feed pump are disposed below the body. The outlets of the water feed pump, the first chemical feed pump, and the second chemical feed pump communicate with the water inlet of the body. The water feed pump, the first chemical feed pump, and the second chemical feed pump are provided with flow meters, respectively. The solid acid reaction zone is disposed above the sewage introduction zone, and the tubular ceramic membranes are disposed in the center of the solid acid reaction zone and separate the solid acid reaction zone to form a cavity. The water generation zone is disposed above the solid acid reaction zone.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to vial spiking assemblies and related methods. In certain aspects, the vial spiking assemblies include a vial adapter having a base, a spike extending from a central region of the base, and a sidewall extending from the base and surrounding the spike. The base and the sidewalls partially, define a cavity that is configured to receive at least a portion of the vial. The assemblies also include a spike cover that is removably attached to the spike and that includes a material configured to indicate when the material is contacted with liquid.

Abstract: A device for collecting and separating liquids, preferably liquefied gas, the device having a first container having a bottom wall with a first tubular discharge pipe passing through it and opening out into a first storage tank. A second container is contained inside the first container. The second container has a bottom wall above the level of the first discharge pipe(s), and a top side wall including at least one drain orifice in its base communicating with a lateral passage, and a bottom side wall extending to below the level of the top end of the first discharge pipe, and a lateral passage between the side walls of the two containers. A liquid collector duct opens into the second container, and a second discharge pipe extends from above the second container and opens into a second liquefied gas storage tank.

Abstract: A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A to control system can be utilized to regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.

Abstract: A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system can be utilized to regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water purifier which is easily removable from a drinking water supply apparatus, and has a built-in filtration filter with high efficiency of purifying raw water of a bottle. The water purifier is removable from a drinking water supply apparatus, and the drinking water supply apparatus including a bottle for containing water and a main body which has a recess into which a neck of the bottle is insertable. The water purifier is characterized by being placed between the recess of the main body and the neck of the bottle.

Abstract: A method for removal of at least a portion of carbon dioxide from an aqueous fluid such as a blood fluid includes placing a first surface of at least one membrane through which carbon dioxide and at least one acid gas other than carbon dioxide can pass in fluid in contact with the fluid. The membrane limits or prevent passage of the fluid therethrough. A carrier or sweep gas including the acid gas other than carbon dioxide is passed over a second surface (which is typically opposite the first surface) of the membrane so that the acid gas other than carbon dioxide can pass through the membrane into the fluid, and carbon dioxide from the fluid can pass from the liquid, through the membrane, and into the sweep gas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to systems and methods of fluid treatment systems. Fluid treatment systems and methods thereof may be operable to remove contaminants and optionally reduce hardness. A fluid treatment system may comprise a feed stream configured to provide a contaminated fluid, a concentrate tank configured to receive the contaminated fluid from the feed stream, a filtration unit configured to receive the contaminated fluid from the concentrate tank, and a permeate stream operable to receive a treated fluid from the filtration unit. A concentrate tank may be operable to reduce hardness of the contaminated fluid. A filtration unit may be operable to filter contaminants from the contaminated fluid.