Abstract: A portable water softener for converting hard water from a household water outlet to softened water is disclosed. The portable water softener includes an elongated housing having opposite first and second ends and an elongated conduit having opposite first and second ends. The first end of the conduit is coupled to the first end of the housing by a first water connector element while the second end of the conduit is coupled to the second end of the housing by a second water connector element. The conduit extends between the first and second ends of the housing in a sinusoidal fashion and contains a quantity of water softening ion exchange beads. The portable water softener also includes a first flush port coupled to the first end of the housing and the first end of the conduit and a second flush port coupled to the second end of the housing and the second end of the conduit.

Abstract: A mixer for anaerobic decomposition of sludge in a digester, captures and compressed biogas emitted by the decomposing sludge. The compressed biogas proceeds through supply lines to bubble forming plates mounted in the lower portion of the digester, close to or on the digester floor. Biogas accumulates under the forming plates to emerge as large mixing bubbles from 6 inches to 10 feet in diameter along their largest dimension. The mixing bubbles are large enough to move sludge as they rise to the surface and generate a mixing current in the sludge. The mixing current mixes the sludge, and bacteria and other microorganisms to promote the conversion of the pollutants contained in the sludge.

Abstract: A gas baffle for a waste water treatment plant filter housing that includes a first and second deflecting plate. The gas baffle has at least one flow-through opening defined by the first and second deflecting plates. The combination of the first and second deflecting plates deflects rising gas bubbles and any solid particulates so that the bubbles and particulates do not enter the filter housing. The gas baffle may include exterior apertures to dissipate the rising gas bubbles that travel on the bottom surface of each deflecting plate. The gas baffle may be integrally formed with the filter housing or created separately and subsequently connected.

Abstract: An alga microbe photosynthetic reaction system is used to circularly cultivate alga microbes and a culture medium infused in the system. The system comprises a photosynthetic reaction unit, a communicating unit, a pressure liquid infusion unit, an injection and oxygen discharging device, and a regulation area. The photosynthetic reaction unit is a light permeable pipeline. The injection and oxygen discharging device is assembled with an oxygen discharge can and a liquid collection can. By the connection and the functioning of the photosynthetic reaction unit, the communicating unit, the pressure liquid infusion unit, the injection and oxygen discharging device, and the regulation area, the alga microbe culture solution can circularly cultivate good quality algae in the system. The system further comprises a heating unit, a watering unit, and a light complement unit to control the ambient temperature and the light source to suit all kinds of algae.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing an ozone destructor are disclosed herein. Generally, these systems and methods include an ozone destructor that has a housing defining an air passage duct. In some cases, this air passage duct includes a first chamber and a second chamber that are arranged so that air is able to flow into the first chamber, through the second chamber, and out of the destructor. In some cases, an air drying mechanism is disposed in the first and/or the second chamber. Additionally, in some cases, the ozone destructor further includes multiple mechanisms that reduce ozone to oxygen. In light of these features, the ozone destructor is capable of incrementally drying and reducing air and ozone, respectively, as they pass through the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: An ion-removing apparatus includes a housing, a first ion-removing unit and a second ion-removing unit. The housing includes an inlet port, a liquid discharge port and a gas discharge port. The first ion-removing unit is disposed within the housing, so that the fluid that has entered the housing via the inlet port flows through the first ion-removing unit. The first ion-removing unit serves to remove a first ion, such anions, contained in the fluid. The second ion-removing unit is disposed within the housing, so that the fluid that has flown though the first ion-removing unit flows through the first ion-removing unit. The second ion-removing unit serves to remove a second ion, such as cations contained in the fluid. The liquid contained in the fluid that has flown through the second ion-removing unit is discharged from the liquid discharge port. The gas contained in the fluid that has flown through the second ion-removing unit is discharged from the gas discharge port.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a deaerator 2 including: a liquid flow space; reduced-pressure spaces 25A, 25B, and 25C; gas permeable films 21A, 21B, and 21C that separate these spaces; and a pump for discharging gas from within the reduced-pressure spaces 25A, 25B, and 25C to the outside, and to a liquid chromatograph equipped with the deaerator 2. The deaerator 2 further includes gas partial pressure variation suppression means 23A, 23B, 23C, 25Ab, 25Bb, 25Cb, 29A, 29B, and 29C for suppressing variations in partial pressures of a specific gas in the reduced-pressure spaces 25A, 25B, and 25C.

Abstract: An air separator (1) comprises a first chamber (2) where blood or other fluid can be received, an inlet and an outlet port associated to the bottom wall (4) and in fluid communication with the first chamber. A first channel (14) extending along the lateral wall of the separator and has a first and a second portion (16 and 18). The channel second portion (18) terminally forms an orifice (15) facing the chamber and extending in an area closer to a top wall (5) of the chamber (2) than to the bottom wall of the same chamber. The orifice faces the top of the separator and has a flow passage cross section greater than that of a first portion (16) of the channel.

Abstract: An integrated unit operations for the treatment of a waste stream, such as spent caustic, is provided in a single vertical vessel having at least three separate zones: a mixing, a settling, and a mass transfer zone.

Abstract: A water treatment arrangement which can, for example, be used in a sewer cleaning vehicle is described. An exemplary arrangement includes a separation device for a supplied mud-water mixture and a water tank which is connected to it for cleaned water. The separation device and the water tank can form a structural unit. The separation device for the mud-water mixture can be surrounded, at least in areas, by the water tank for cleaned water.

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a method and a system for reducing the amount of fluid in a biological mass comprising solids and fluid in the form of liquid and gas. The system includes a temporary storage container for receiving and temporary storing a biological mass, at least one separator arranged to receive the biological mass from the temporary storage container and separate at least a portion of the fluid of the mass from the solids of the mass, a solids container for receiving the solids fraction separated from the biological mass, and a liquid-purifying device arranged to purify the liquid which is separated from the mass by means of the separator. The system is substantially fluidtight towards the surroundings and the separator includes a screen cloth and a device for inducing a fluid flow. The fluid flow is arranged to carry a portion of the liquid out of the mass and through the screen cloth, the essential part of the fluid flow has been recirculated in the system (1).

Abstract: A drainless reverse osmosis (RO) water purification system provides relatively pure water for on-demand dispensing, while recycling brine to a domestic hot water system. The drainless purification system includes a pre-filter catalyst cartridge for removing chlorine-based contaminants from a tap water supply upstream from an RO membrane. The catalyst is regularly refreshed by a high through-flow of water to a conventional cold water dispense faucet, thereby significantly prolonging the service life of the RO membrane. The RO membrane is incorporated into a multi-cartridge unit adapted for facilitated slide-out removal and replacement as needed. A control valve recycles brine from the RO membrane to the hot water system during pure water production, and recirculates tap water through the RO membrane when a pure water reservoir is substantially filled. The multi-cartridge unit may further include an air filtration system for providing a flow of filtered air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing air from the bed space of a chromatography column. The method involves use a chromatography column having an inner wall which comprises at least one elongated groove through which air can pass from the bed space to a chamber above an adapter assembly.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separation system and a method thereof are disclosed. The said system comprises a gas-liquid separation conduit and a drain pipe. The drain pipe is curled and one side of the drain pipe connects to the gas-liquid separation conduit and the other side connects to a sewage pipe. According to the U-Tube principle, the gas and the liquid which both are exhausted by a machinery can be separated in the said system and therefore the said system can prevent related processes causing exhaust piping jam.

Abstract: The present invention is a filter assembly for vacuum filtration formed of a housing having an upper portion and lower portion, a filter separating the upper from the lower portion of the housing, an inlet formed in the upper housing, an outlet and a vacuum port formed in the lower portion, a gasket arranged at a lowermost surface of the lower portion and the upper portion is having a height sufficient to trap any air that might enter and keep it away from the membrane surface. Preferably, it is of a curved shape, preferably in the form of a dome. Optionally, the upper portion of the housing may also contain a vent, particularly a vent controlled by a valve, for the removal of air periodically from the upper portion, especially when a large incursion of air has occurred.

Abstract: The method and apparatus of solid wastes automatic collection ductwork evacuation and comprehensive utilization contemplated to reach a facilitative dropping, quietly, effectively and automatically collecting, evacuating, transporting of all kinds of biodegradable solid waste, getting poly package-less uniform waste particle and jam for recycle that largely reduce the emission of greenhouse gas, pollution of poly package materials, contamination of putrefactive solid waste, generate resource from waste and benefit dwellers, industrials, business units.

Abstract: In a venous bubble trap (1), having a housing (2) to which fluid, in particular blood, can be delivered essentially tangentially via a fluid inlet (8) and from which fluid can be carried away via a fluid outlet (10), and having a filter device (3) located in the interior of the housing (2), the filter device (3) divides the housing interior into a prefilter region (5) and a postfilter region (6), and the postfilter region (6) surrounds the prefilter region (5) in at least some portions. As a result, air is reliably removed from the fluid.

Abstract: A biogas collection system and method for collecting and utilizing biogas that is produced as a byproduct of anaerobic digestion in a wastewater treatment system having one or more wastewater sources. The biogas collection system comprises an interceptor or septic tank hydraulically connected to the wastewater sources to receive wastewater therein and to generate effluent and biogas from the anaerobic digestion of the wastewater. The system has a wastewater treatment facility hydraulically connected to the interceptor tank by one or more effluent lines and a biogas processing facility hydraulically connected to the interceptor tank by one or more biogas pipelines. Biogas inside the effluent lines is compressed and transported to the biogas processing facility to be utilized as a fuel for power generation or processed to reduce the greenhouse gas effect of the biogas. The biogas collection is a closed system that does not vent biogas to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A cardiotomy and venous blood reservoir including a housing assembly, a downtube, and a bowl. The housing assembly forms a chamber. The downtube extends from an inlet port to a downstream end within the chamber. A diameter of the tube lumen increases to the downstream end. The bowl forms a floor surface shoulder, intermediate segment, and protrusion. The shoulder circumferentially surrounds, and is spatially above, the downstream end. The intermediate segment extends radially inwardly and downwardly from the shoulder to a bottom face. The protrusion extends radially inwardly and upwardly from the bottom face to a center that is aligned with the lumen and below the downstream end. The flared inner diameter of the lumen reduces fluid velocity as venous blood enters the reservoir. The bowl floor surface gently receives the incoming venous blood at the protrusion, and smoothly guides the blood flow.

Abstract: A cyclonic separator for separating fluids comprises an inlet chamber (6) having means for inducing fluids flowing through the chamber to swirl around an axis, a cyclonic separation chamber (10) connected to receive fluids from the inlet chamber, and an outlet chamber (8) connected to receive fluids from the cyclonic separation chamber. The outlet chamber (8) has a tangential outlet (22) for relatively dense fluids and an axial outlet (24) for less dense fluids. The separation chamber is elongate and has a length L and an inlet diameter D, where L/D is in the range 1 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating a medical liquid which includes a treatment machine having a coupling surface, with a cassette made of a hard part having liquid-conducting passages which are covered by a flexible film being able to be coupled to the coupling surface of the treatment machine. The invention furthermore relates to a corresponding medical cassette. In accordance with the invention, an air-free coupling of the flexible film of the cassette to the treatment machine is ensured in that air can be sucked out areally along a plane between the flexible film and the coupling surface during the coupling process and/or with a coupled cassette. The invention equally includes a method for coupling the cassette and a method for checking the leaktightness of the cassette via the vacuum control of the air suction.

Abstract: An amalgam separator for purifying a waste stream that contains a mixture of air and waste liquid. The amalgam separator contains filter media that comprises a sulfur-impregnated carrier and an ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin is present at a concentration of from about 25 to about 75 weight percent. During its operation, the amalgam separator separates the waste stream into air and waste liquid portions, purifies the waste liquid portion, and then combines the purified waste liquid portion with the air.

Abstract: A process of producing ultrapure water includes passing a water stream through a plurality of treatment stages in which inorganic and organic species which are present in the water are separated from the water stream; and adding an aqueous hypobromite solution to the water stream in at least one of the stages.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards systems and methods for the treatment of wastewater. A system in accordance with one particular embodiment may include an oxidation reactor configured to receive a flow of wastewater from a wastewater producing process. The oxidation reactor may be further configured to oxidize a chemical associated with the flow of wastewater with an oxidation agent. The oxidation reactor may include at least one reaction member configured to pressurize at least a portion of the oxidation reactor. The system may further include at least one resin tank configured to contain an ion exchange resin configured to target a particular metal, the at least one resin tank configured to receive an output from the oxidation reactor. Numerous other embodiments are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating wastewater includes a treatment tank having a first edge region and a second edge region opposite the first edge region, a feed line configured to provide the wastewater to the treatment tank, a movable wastewater distributor connected to an end of the feed line and configured to distribute the wastewater in the treatment tank, and a traction mechanism. The wastewater distributor includes a plurality of outlet openings and is moveable within the treatment tank and the traction mechanism is configured to move the wastewater distributor in a reversing manner between the first and second opposite edge regions of the treatment tank. The feed line is elastically deformable so as to allow a movement of the wastewater distributor in a direction of back and forth movement.

Abstract: A plant for wastewater treatment is provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The plant for wastewater treatment includes a reactor into which wastewater and air flow into and depart from; multi-layer sludge separating portions, wherein pollutants in wastewater can be decomposed by increasing an amount of dissolved oxygen because upward moving time of intruded wastewater and air bubbles can be increased by including a reactor divided into upper and lower sides, and fluidity of wastewater may be improved by forming a residential space; and carriers located between the sludge separating portions and including a large amount of microbes, wherein wastewater treatment is performed by a biological reaction caused by contact between the carriers and wastewater.

Abstract: A mechanical separator for separating a fluid sample into first and second phases is disclosed. The mechanical separator includes a float having a passageway extending between first and second ends thereof with a pierceable head enclosing the first end of the float, a ballast longitudinally moveable with respect to the float, and a bellows extending between a portion of the float and a portion of the ballast. The bellows is adapted for deformation upon longitudinal movement of the float and the ballast, with the bellows isolated from the pierceable head. The float has a first density and the ballast has a second density greater than the first density. The bellows is structured for sealing engagement with a cylindrical wall of a tube, and the pierceable head is structured for application of a puncture tip therethrough. The separation device is suitable for use with a standard medical collection tube.

Abstract: A water treatment system for supplying dampening water for wet offset printing comprises a flow path through which water can pass; a magnetic treatment device for magnetically treating the water passing through the flow path; and a photocatalytic device for photocatalytically treating the water passing through the flow path.

Abstract: A riser-based slug control system and a method of controlling slugging in a fluid flowing through a riser are provided. The system includes a gas-liquid separation separator that has a housing defining an internal volume. An inclined inlet is connected to the housing and configured to receive a flow of multiphase fluid and direct the flow of fluid into the housing so that the fluid flows spirally in the volume and separates, with gas from the fluid collecting in an upper portion of the volume and liquid from the fluid collecting in a lower portion of the volume. A tubular passage, which extends at least partially through the internal volume of the housing, defines a plurality of orifices. The tubular passage is configured to receive liquid from the lower portion of the volume and gas from upper portion of the volume, and deliver the mixture of the combined liquid and gas through an outlet.

Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning of wastewater comprising a submerged membrane biological reactor system (MBR) and a submerged membrane module (MBD) wherein the MBR is in fluid communication with the MBD for feeding excess sludge from the MBR to the MBD and wherein the MBR comprises an outlet which releases permeate passed through the membrane of the MBR and the MBD is in fluid communication with the MBR for feeding permeate passed throug the membrane of the MBD back into the MBR and comprises an outlet for releasing gas.

Abstract: A water distribution system including a water storage tank, a water treatment unit, a diverter valve, and interconnecting water conduits arranged so that the same water treatment unit can be used to treat water supplied from a fill port to the storage tank during a fill operation, as well as water leaving the storage tank for supply to one or more points of water use during a supply operation. A diverter valve is provided which is movable between a fill position wherein the water treatment unit is in fluid communication with the fill port and not the point of water use device, and a supply position wherein the water treatment unit is in fluid communication with the at least one point of water use device and not the fill port. When the diverter valve is in the fill position, water supplied to the fill port can thus flow through the diverter valve and to the water treatment unit for treatment then to the storage tank for storage.

Abstract: An upflow anaerobic reactor includes an effluent outlet configured to direct effluent out of the reactor and a fluid-filled gas trap configured to prevent loss of biogas from the vessel. An auger assembly is operably coupled to the effluent outlet to prevent clogging of the effluent outlet by solid matter that tends to collect in the effluent outlet. The auger assembly includes at least one helical screw conveyor that rotates so as to remove solid material that collects in the effluent outlet. auger assembly can be operated on a continuous or semi-continuous basis so as to allow for continuous operation of the reactor. The auger assembly can be operated on a continuous or semi-continuous basis so as to allow for continuous operation of the reactor.

Abstract: The invention concerns a fuel filter 10, in particular for diesel fuels, that comprises a housing 11 and a filter medium 12. The filter medium 12 is arranged by means of a filter medium holder 24 in the housing, wherein the filter medium holder comprises a venting bore 25. Through the venting bore 25 gases that collect in the upper area of the fuel filter can pass from the crude chamber 21 into the clean chamber 22. For avoiding that contaminants can escape through a clean outlet 18 from the fuel filter 10 and damage components downstream, a clean medium 26 is provided that retains such contaminants.

Abstract: An integrated unit operations for the treatment of a waste stream, such as spent caustic, is provided in a single vertical vessel having at least three separate zones: a mixing, a settling, and a mass transfer zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treatment of a water-containing material. The method includes: (A) bringing a liquid of a substance in a gaseous state under normal temperature and pressure conditions into contact with a water-containing material; (B) obtaining a liquid layer through solid-liquid separation from a treated product resulting from (A); (C) vaporizing and extracting at least a portion of the substance that is in the gaseous state under normal temperature and pressure conditions as gas from the liquid layer obtained from (B); and (D) collecting a lower layer resulting from liquid-liquid separation conducting on a liquid layer resulting from (C). The method and apparatus achieve efficient treatment of a water-containing material and allow the material after the treatment to be recycled as a resource.

Abstract: A buffer tank section (6) includes a liquid accumulation chamber (61) communicating with, through a liquid introduction flow path (42), a liquid tank (46) accumulation chemical liquid. A filter section (4) includes a filter inlet (41a) and a filter outlet (41b), wherein the filter inlet (41a) communicates with a liquid discharge vent (60d) of the buffer tank section (6). In a pump (11), a pump inlet (11a) is connected to the filter outlet (41b) and a pump outlet (11b) is connected to a discharge nozzle (50) through a liquid discharge flow path (47). A return flow path (48) is connected between the pump outlet (11b) and the buffer tank section (6), wherein the chemical liquid, discharged from the pump (11), is returned to the liquid accumulation chamber (61). An exhaust flow path (49) is connected to the buffer tank section (6), thereby exhausting air in the liquid accumulation chamber (61).

Abstract: A shear valve, for use in a high performance liquid chromatography system, comprises a first shear valve member and a second shear valve member. At least one of the first and second shear valve members is adapted to be moved with respect to the other. One of the first and second shear valve members comprises a plurality of ports, and the other comprises at least one fluid path for fluidly coupling respective ones of the ports in dependency on a relative movement position of the first and second shear valve members with respect to each other. The first shear valve member is at least partially coated with or comprised of silicon carbide.

Abstract: A system for washing contaminated sand comprises a plurality of reactors arranged in a sequence from a first to a last reactor. The first reactor is configured to receive contaminated sand. Each reactor comprises a funnel portion in a lower section thereof for accumulating a sand layer and a sand conveying device for removing sand through an aperture defined near a bottom of the funnel portion. Each reactor except the first reactor receives sand removed from a previous reactor. The system also comprises a steam supply system for providing each reactor with steam for washing the sand, a water supply system for providing the last reactor with clean water for rinsing the sand, and a fluid outlet associated with each reactor for removing fluid and providing the fluid to a separator for separating the fluid into first and second portions respectively containing relatively low and high proportions of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A digester for degradation of human waste comprising a main tank having biochemical treatment compartment and chemical treatment compartment connected by connecting pipe as a passage for bio-chemically treated waste to chemical treatment compartment; the biochemical treatment compartment has at least one loosely fitted partitioned wall and at least one inlet to receive waste, at least one gas outlet and at least one waste drain pipe to remove sludge; the chemical treatment compartment has discharge means to discharge treated waste and excess of liquid, and float ball assembly to release chemical for chemical treatment.

Abstract: An improved biological fluid filtration system is shown having, seriatim, a blood container, a biological fluid filtration device downstream of the blood container, and a blood receiving container downstream of the biological fluid filtration device; a bypass line is provided to allow fluid communication between the blood container and the blood receiving container, the bypass line includes a loop, the loop of the bypass line being configured to be disposed above the blood container at a sufficient height to prevent the passage of fluid around the leukocyte depletion device; the loop of the bypass line being disposed in a tube support device, the tube support device being configured to support substantially the entire weight of the biological fluid filtration system without substantially crimping said bypass line.

Abstract: An improved and more efficient design for an air driven algae filtration system is achieved because there are no moving parts other than an air pump, and the air is used twice. After using air to circulate water through a filtration unit, the air, still under pressure, is separated from the water. The air is then plumbed to other apparatuses or used for cooling. This allows the filter to be utilized using less electricity. The water is de-gassed before reaching the algae filter. Therefore, no splash guard is necessary to prevent water from splashing the lights. With no splash guard, lower wattage lights can be used to illuminate the algae. This also increases the efficiency of this system. This filter also lends itself to maintaining a reef aquarium.

Abstract: A biological fluid processing or fluid filtration system is provided having novel open and closed loop processing systems wherein the gases transferred into and out of the system during processing pass through a porous medium in upstream and/or downstream gas inlet or outlet housings or vents in a manner which precludes the fluid being processed or filtered from ever contacting the housings or vents. Each housing or vent is separated from the fluid by a column of gas in its respective transfer line. The upstream gas inlet housing or vent is in communication with the unfiltered biological fluid, and the downstream gas inlet housing or vent is in communication with the filtered biological fluid.

Abstract: A liquid-gas separator assembly is used in separating gas bubbles from a liquid coolant which liquid coolant is used in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell power plant. The assembly includes a cylindrical housing containing a central tube which is surrounded by an annular chamber. The annular chamber is defined by the outer surface of the central tube and the inner surface of the cylindrical housing. An inlet line injects a stream of the coolant from the fuel cell stack area of the power plant into the bottom of the central tube in a tangential flow pattern so that the coolant and gas bubble mixture swirls upwardly through the central tube. The swirling flow pattern of the coolant and gas bubble mixture causes the gas bubbles to separate from the liquid coolant so that the gas in the mixture will migrate to the central portion of the swirl tube and the liquid component of the mixture will centrifugally migrate to the inner wall of the swirl tube.

Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor for removing phosphorus and nitrogen from wastewater has a column comprising a number of sections. The diameter of the column changes stepwise between the sections. A flow velocity in excess of 100 cm/min is maintained in a lowermost one of the sections and lower flow velocities are maintained in subsequent sections. A struvite supersaturation ratio is controlled in part by recycling wastewater from an outlet of the column. Struvite pellets are removed periodically from the bottom of the column.

Abstract: A liquid refining device for separation and removal of volatile contaminants from liquids. A first feature of this design is the use of an Evaporation/separation chamber comprising two separate channels, one for collecting the purified liquid, and the other for collecting and passing the separated and vaporized contaminants therefrom.

Abstract: A device for purifying liquid in a reservoir and including a vacuum chamber (1) having an inflow opening (2) and an outflow opening (3) adapted to communicate with the liquid in the reservoir through a feed conduit (4) and a return conduit (5), respectively. The return conduit (5) is provided with a pump (6) and the vacuum chamber is connected with a vacuum pump (7). The device further includes a filter cartridge (8) provided with a plurality of filter elements, each having a flow side communicating with a central passage (26) and a flow side opening into the periphery of the filter cartridge (8). The filter cartridge (8) is arranged inside the vacuum chamber, the central passage (26) of the filter cartridge communicating with the inflow opening (2) of the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in a biological fluid processing or fluid filtration system is provided. The biological fluid processing or fluid filtration system has novel open and closed loop processing systems wherein the gases transferred into and out of the system during processing pass through a porous medium in upstream and/or downstream gas inlet or outlet housings or vents in a manner which precludes the fluid being processed or filtered from ever contacting the housings or vents. Each housing or vent is separated from the fluid by a column of gas in its respective transfer line. The upstream gas inlet housing or vent is in communication with the unfiltered biological fluid, and the downstream gas inlet housing or vent is in communication with the filtered biological fluid.

Abstract: A gas-liquid separation system and a method thereof are disclosed. The said system comprises a gas-liquid separation conduit and a drain pipe. The drain pipe is curled and one side of the drain pipe connects to the gas-liquid separation conduit and the other side connects to a sewage pipe. According to the U-Tube principle, the gas and the liquid which both are exhausted by a machinery can be separated in the said system and therefore the said system can prevent related processes causing exhaust piping jam.

Abstract: Conditioning processes and equipment for removing hardness from water circulated in a system. A sidestream is routed to a reactor and back. A buffer is added to the circulated water, in some embodiments in a sidestream exiting the reaction chamber, forming soluble metal complexes with metal ions of the type that cause scaling. A conditioner is added to the sidestream water which breaks the soluble metal ion-buffer complexes and precipitates and accumulates the released metal ion as a solid for accumulation and disposal. In some embodiments a polymer is added, a corrosion inhibitor blend is added and/or pre-mixed with the buffer, and a chlorine generator removes sodium chloride from the buffered sidestream, and makes chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide for use in the process or for disposal.

Abstract: Fuel cell emergency power systems comprising a fuel cell having an anode and a cathode, a power distribution unit for selectively directing electrical current from the fuel cell to one or more consuming device, a hydrogen gas control system and an oxygen gas control system. The hydrogen gas control system includes a pressurized hydrogen tank providing hydrogen gas in selective fluid communication to the anode, a hydrogen gas-liquid water phase separator in downstream fluid communication with the anode, and a hydrogen recirculation pump for recirculating substantially liquid water-free hydrogen from the hydrogen gas-liquid water phase separator to the anode.