Abstract: The invention provides a method for separating metallic corrosion products from a water stream. A filter conditioned with a relatively small amount of ion exchange material exhibits comparatively low pressure differential while processing a water stream at commercially desirable flow rates and retention efficiencies. The method permits longer filter runs with a minimal application of material on the filtration surface. The invention additionally provides a filter for separating metallic corrosion products having a relatively broad range of particle sizes from a water stream.

Abstract: White water from a paper machine is treated in an improved fiber recovery process, i.e., the "save-all" process. Prior to the mixing of sweetener stock into the white water the sweetener stock is fractionated (undiluted) into fine and coarse fiber fractions, of which only the coarse fraction is fed as sweetener stock into the white water. The inlet line for the sweetener stock is provided with a fractionation apparatus for removing the fine fraction from the sweetener stock. Treatment apparatus may also be utilized to separate the white water into fine and coarse fractions before passing the fine fraction to a mixer for mixing with the sweetener stock coarse fraction.

Abstract: A layered filter composite comprises a filter medium, and on the upstream surface thereof a homogeneous or graded layer of nonporous spherical glass microbeads as a filter aid. A method for filtering or prefiltering a liquid mixture is disclosed wherein a layer of glass microbeads is used as a filter or filter aid. The layered filter composite is useful in analytical applications as well as in large scale industrial and remedial (clean-up) applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing ionic and suspended particulate impurities from a liquid by directing the liquid through a bed including a mixture of ion exchange fibers and inert fibers. The bed also may include a mixture of finely ion exchange particles. The bed may be a precoat layer that is applied on a filter support.

Abstract: A method for the adsorptive purification of vegetable and/or mineral oils and fats works with a multi-stage counter flow process. At least a part of the solid phase leaving the first separating stage is mixed in batches or continuously with a part of the purified oil or fat leaving the last separating stage. The mash thereby obtained is fed to a subsequent filter.

Abstract: A filter (10) comprises a stack of flat rectangular filtrate-collecting chambers (12) defined by sheets (26) of stainless steel filter medium, and connected via respective thyristors (54, 58) to a power supply (50). Anode plates (14) are arranged between adjacent chambers (12). At intervals a current (of for example 1000A) is supplied to each chamber (12) in turn such that it is a cathode, for a short time sufficient to remove any fouling.

Abstract: A method of filtering beverages and other liquids. To avoid the considerable ecoproblems encountered with the filter aids of known procedures, which must be thrown away, the filtering active structure of the inventive filter aids is maintained so that they may be reused as often as required. A mixture of filter aids of varying morphological and physical components is used, and constitutes a minimum of two components, namely one component of specifically heavy, chemically stable metal and/or metal oxide and/or carbon particles of fibrous and/or granular structure, and a further component, for building up the filter cake and increasing its volume, of synthetic and/or cellulose fibers having a fiber length of 1 to 5000 .mu.m and a fiber thickness of 0.5 to 100 .mu.m. To increase the filtering efficiency of the filter cake of the aforementioned components, a further component may be added that comprises fibrillated or fanned out synthetic and/or cellulose fibers, preferably having a fiber length of 500 to 5000 .

Abstract: A process for the treatment of refinery oily sludges to produce an oily fraction that is reprocessed in the refinery into (i) salable products and (ii) a solid residue meeting environmental regulatory agency requirements for disposal in non-hazardous solid waste landfills. The process includes mixing the refinery oily sludge with a particulate filter aid and preferably a single solvent selected from refinery intermediate and product streams and contacting this mixture with plate filters in a closed filter vessel. A cake residue forms on the filter plates and a filtrate mixture of oil, water and solvent is produced. The filtrate is separated into an oily fraction and a water fraction. The oily fraction is rerouted to refinery operating units for processing into salable products. The water fraction is routed to a refinery water treatment system. When filter cake residue has built to a predetermined level, charge to the filter vessel is discontinued.

Abstract: An automated computer protocol is disclosed for the dispensing rate of a filter aid slurry into a pressure or vacuum filter in order to efficiently use filter aid and disposable filter septum. The control system accepts three input variables; these variables are total time of filter use, differential pressure across the filter media and the volume (level) in the (slurry or filter aid) bodyfeed tank for augmenting the filter performance. In the disclosed protocol, these variables are processed in turn to vary the rate in which bodyfeed will be introduced into the filter. Specifically, and on an adjustable incremental basis, the pressure differential is monitored across the filter. This differential is compared to that differential which would exist if the filter had reached the end of service life "set point"--which requires septum replacement and cleaning. The total quantity of bodyfeed available and the rate at which bodyfeed is being added to the filter are monitored.

Abstract: A system for clarifying liquids, having particular utility in dry cleaning operations. The system includes a filter apparatus which includes a plurality of axially spaced filter elements each having a high pressure side through which unclarified liquid is directed and upon which solids in the unclarified liquid accumulate and a low pressure side in communication with a liquid outlet of the filter apparatus. A liquid agitating impeller is disposed between respective adjacent pairs of the filter elements for defining a predetermined spacing between the filter elements and for creating liquid turbulence and agitation between the filter elements in response to rotation of a common shaft upon which the filter elements and impellers are mounted for effecting substantially complete removal of accumulated solids on the high pressure sides of the filter elements without movement between the impellers and filter elements.

Abstract: An improved cross-flow granular filtration system involving the use of ultraviolet, ozonation, chlorination, reactive granular filtration media, chemical regeneration, and central flow control is described. The process system and apparatus includes a liquid pump, a central flow control, a cross-flow reactive pressure filter, a process tank and at least one chemical feeder. The filter media are of reactive and granular type, including diatomaceous earth, granular activated carbon, granular metal medium, greensand, neutralizing sand, activated alumina, ion exchange resins, polymeric adsorbents, coal, porous plastic medium, porous stainless steel medium, porous ceramic medium, bacteriostatic filter medium, or combinations thereof. Alternatively a downflow or upflow filter is substituted for the crossflow reactive pressure filter. The process tank contains and handles regeneration chemicals or filter aids for the reactive filter media.

Abstract: A fluid filter comprising a housing having a central aperture formed in the bottom thereof, a filter element rotatably disposed in the housing and arranged to receive a flow of fluid to be filtered from an upstream side of the element to a downstream side thereof, and a fluid inlet and outlet manifold disposed at the bottom of the housing in communication with the central aperture for providing fluid inlet and outlet communication through said aperture with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The filter element is supplied with filter aid material which is periodically regenerated.

Abstract: A method of microfiltration, ultrafiltration and pervaporation, which also can be utilized for reverse osmosis of suspensions and emulsions, and for gas separation including providing a tubular membrane wound of wire and having a plurality of windings, the distance between windings establishing filter pores, passing a desired material between the windings to filter the material to a desired pore size and exerting a desired axial pressure on the membrane windings to adjust the distance between windings and the pore size to a predetermined amount.

Abstract: An aquarium filter assembly which can be utilized as a diatomaceous earth filter which is self-priming. The filter includes a housing having a pump means from which depends a filtering element. The water pumped through the filtering element can be directed either back into the housing for recirculation of the water in the housing, or out of the housing and back into the aquarium tank for filtering of the aquarium tank water. A valve within the housing operates to permit water entry into the housing upon initial insertion and during filtration of the aquarium tank water. The valve closes when the water flow from the filtering element is directed back into the housing. Diatomaceous earth can be added into the housing and the water recirculated within the housing serves to self-prime the filter element. After charging the filter element, the water flow from the filtering element is directed into the aquarium tank and the valve opens to permit regular filtering of the aquarium tank water.

Abstract: A filter device for cleaning water and having a reinforcing member for preventing reduction of filtering area due to deformation of filter membrane. The filter device comprises a generally cylindrical casing and a filter element contained in said casing for passing water from the primary side thereof to the secondary side thereof, the filter element including a corrugated filter membrane and a reinforcing member for supporting the corrugated filter membrane. The filter device is particularly suited for use together with a powdered absorbent such as activated carbon.

Abstract: This invention relates to filtering or straining of fluids where the suspended solids removed by filtration must eventually be discharged from the filter as a "dry cake" discharge. The apparatus provides for the use of a central flow tube positioned within a filter element which is connected to a filter element drain pipe through a valve, which in case of multiple filter elements within a filtration vessel, controls draining of all elements. To assist in detecting a defective or malfunctioning filter element, a sample conduit with a sample valve is provided independently for each filter element.

Abstract: A system for clarifying liquids, having particular utility in dry cleaning operations. The system includes a filter apparatus which includes a plurality of axially spaced filter elements each having a high pressure side through which unclarified liquid is directed and upon which solids in the unclarified liquid accumulate and a low pressure side in communication with a liquid outlet of the filter apparatus. A liquid agitating impeller is disposed between respective adjacent pairs of the filter elements for defining a predetermined spacing between the filter elements and for creating liquid turbulence and agitation between the filter elements in response to rotation of a common shaft upon which the filter elements and impellers are mounted for effecting substantially complete removal of accumulated solids on the high pressure sides of the filter elements without movement between the impellers and filter elements.

Abstract: A fluid filter comprising a housing, a filter element disposed in the housing and arranged to receive a flow of fluid to be filtered from an upstream side of the element to a downstream side thereof, a fluid inlet communicating with the interior of the housing and with the upstream side of the filter element, a fluid outlet communicating with the downstream side of the filter element, and piston apparatus operative in a regeneration mode for producing circulation of fluid generally simultaneously from the downstream side of the filter element to the upstream side thereof and from the upstream side of the filter element to the downstream side thereof, thereby dislodging and reorienting particulate matter engaging the filter element.

Abstract: Filter cake is shaken off a candle or other similar filter by impact action. Sullied solution is passed in cross flow through a vertical disposed tube of a filter element, such as a tubular screen, positioned in a lower filter chamber and into a central axial exit tube which extends through an apertured horizontal partition forming the bottom of an upper filter chamber. An outlet housing surrounds and is fixed with respect to the exit tube in the upper chamber. One or more belleville or coil springs are positioned between the outlet housing and the partition. An impact force is applied against the top of the outlet housing to drive the outlet housing, exit tube, and candle filter so that the assembly impacts downwardly against and compresses the belleville or coil springs. The stored energy returns the housing, tube and filter upward to a reimpaction position.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus characterized by efficiency of the precoating step and maintenance of filtration performance over a long period of time after precoating has been completed. The filter promotes parallel flow of porous precoat material along a porous septum, thereby achieving efficient stacking of this material against the septum. A dual-speed pumping system transmits the precoat material to the septum at high velocity, thereby further encouraging efficient stacking, but pumps the fluid to be filtered at a lower velocity to minimize energy consumption.

Abstract: A twin belt filter press system has an amendment such as sawdust, fed to a sludge or slurry being dewatered after the sludge/slurry has been initially dewatered in a gravity drain section to form a cake on a first porous belt. The amendment cascades into the partially dewatered cake off the first belt, allowing mixing of the cake and amendment in an essentially belt-wide drop zone so that the amendment partially and quickly desorbs the cake before the cake and amendment mixture progresses into a nip formed by the first belt and a porous second belt. The mixture subsequently is carried in a position between the belts for pressing to remove moisture from both the cake and amendment. In one embodiment a shear-minimizing mixer is arranged in the amendment drop zone to additionally mix the amendment with the cake.

Abstract: A fluid filter is disclosed which includes a casing defining a fluid chamber with inlet and outlet apertures to and from the chamber to respectively conduct unfiltered fluid to the chamber and filtered fluid from the chamber. A flow path is defined within the chamber and a filter is interposed in the flow path substantially normal to the direction of flow of the fluid in the chamber. The filter includes a screen having a covering of a filter aid, such as diatomaceous earth, on an upstream side of the screen. The filter is regenerated by reciprocating the screen relative to the casing in a path corresponding to the path defined by the direction of flow.

Abstract: A fluid filter comprising a housing defining a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, a filter element defining an upstream surface communicating with the fluid inlet and a downstream cylindrical surface communicating with the fluid outlet, the filter element comprising a stack of filter disks defining a hollow volume interiorly thereof and a longitudinal axis, and backflushing means for removing filtered out sediment from the filter element comprising an axially displaceable backflushing nozzle assembly disposed within the hollow volume comprising a rotating head coupled to the fluid inlet and having fluid outlet means, arranged to provide a generally radially directed pressurized jet and rotational motion of the rotating head.

Abstract: A batch-action apparatus for filtering a fluid medium comprises a hermetically sealed housing (1) communicating with systems (9, 10 and 11) for feeding the fluid medium, discharging the clean medium, and evacuating filter cake.The housing (1) accommodates a flexible filter hose (2) one end (4) of which is turned inside out and attached to the housing (1), whereas the other end (7) thereof is connected to a hoisting mechanism (3) acting to move the hose (2) relative to the fixed end (4) of this hose. The end (4) of the hose (2) turned inside out forms an annular cavity (8) to which the fluid medium is fed and which varies in volume under the action of filter cake build-up or in response to the movement executed by the hoisting mechanism (3).

Abstract: A fluid filter comprising a housing having a central aperture formed in the bottom thereof, a filter element disposed in the housing and arranged to receive a flow of fluid to be filtered from an upstream side of the element to a downstream side thereof, and a fluid inlet and outlet manifold disposed at the bottom of the housing in communication with the central aperture for providing fluid inlet and outlet communication through said aperture with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet.

Abstract: A precoat filter element for a precoat filter unit comprises a flow distributor and flow straightener. The flow distributor surrounds a filter septum and has openings through which liquid may flow. The proportion between the area of openings and the area of a wall of the flow distributor may vary along the length of the septum to distribute flow over the length of the filter septum in a predetermined manner. A flow straightener is provided at the base of the septum to reduce turbulence during precoat and filtration operations, and to reduce the occurrence of large flocs in precoat slurries during coating operations.

Abstract: A layer of small-sized particles of an organic ion exchange resin is applied to a support matrix, permeable to liquid, of a filter element (7) which is arranged in a chamber (5) in an ion-exchange filter (1) for filtering of liquids containing radioactive constituents. The filter and a mixer (11), consisting of a tube with a number of stationary mixing elements arranged one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the tube, are arranged in a circulation system (10) for water. The mixing elements successively divide up a material flow, supplied at the inlet end of the mixer, into a number of sub-flows containing different parts of the original material flow and the sub-flows are reunited, before they reach the outlet end of the tube. Suspended ion-exchange resin (13a, 16a) is supplied to the inlet end (11a) of the mixer for the circulating water while the water is being circulated in the circulation system.

Abstract: A filtration apparatus having one or more upright tubular filter elements having a surface coated with a pre-coat layer of a filter aid through which a liquid is filtered. Different from conventional apparatuses, the filter element of the present invention is provided with a gas exhaust tube or liquid drain tube connected to the upper or lower part of the filter element, respectively. By virtue of this means, the liquid used for forming the pre-coat layer as the suspension medium can be completely discharged out of the apparatus prior to introduction of the liquid to be filtered so that the liquid in the apparatus can be switched from the pre-coat forming liquid to the filtered liquid without producing a mixture thereof, and without causing defects in the pre-coat layer.

Abstract: Filter media having a foraminous sintered metal support structure which exhibits a particle retention pore size in the range of from about 0.5 microns to less than about 5.0 microns and a bubble point test pressure of from 20 to 50 inches of water. A continuous precoat layer of discrete anion and cation exchange resin particles having a minimum diameter of about 10 microns and the following particle size distribution:______________________________________ ______________________________________ Less than 2 Particles greater than 200 microns Less than 2 Particles less than 10 microns ______________________________________is formed upon the sintered metal structure. Liquid is purified by first flowing it through the precoat layer, and then through the pores of the foraminous sintered metal structure.

Abstract: A diatomaceous earth caking filter element includes a first elongated tubular manifold having a slot therein and a suction coupling formed thereon for drawing a liquid from said first manifold. A second elongated tubular manifold has a slot therein and a plurality of hollow pipes connected between the first and second manifolds with one end of each pipe extending into the first manifold through the slot therein and the other end of each pipe extending into the second manifold through the slot therein. Each pipe is held by the slot edges of each manifold extending into an annular groove on each end of each pipe. A filter cake screen covers both sides of the plurality of hollow pipes for catching a filtering medium, such as diatomaceous earth, thereon for filtering liquid passing therethrough, so the liquid can be drawn through the filter medium and filter screen into the first and second manifolds and out the suction coupling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filtering/concentrating a raw liquid such as industrial waste water or suspension of various kinds. Such raw liquid is additionally dispersed with grains in advance before being subjected to a cross flow filtration in which a tubular filtering member is used. The raw liquid is supplied through the tubular member under pressure. Since the tubular filtering member is provided with a guide member which guides the supplied raw liquid spirally therealong, suspended matter or suspended particles will not stay on the filtering surface. The size of the grains is less than one third the diameter of the tubular member in case where said grains have a specific gravity larger than the raw liquid. If the grains have a specific gravity smaller than the raw liquid, the grain size may vary from one tenth to nine tenths the tubular filtering member.

Abstract: A vacuum filter having a filter tank provided with a lower vacuum chamber covered with a filter medium and connected to the intake of a pump. The filter medium, either a paper web or a fibrous filter aid, is removed when contaminated by a chain and flight conveyor after the vacuum is relieved. The vacuum is relieved by a single power actuated valve operable to supply clean liquid to the pump from a clean liquid tank and to supply a limited amount of liquid to the vacuum chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided to allow a relatively high pressure differential to build up across the filter element and layer of filter media in a filter aid filtration vessel.A process and apparatus are provided for reusing filter media in a filter aid filtration system.A process and apparatus are provided for drying filter cake in a filtration vessel to facilitate its disposal. Pressurized gas is used to assist in blowing the filter cake off of the filter elements.A process and apparatus are provided for draining the heel of a filter aid filtration vessel as filtrate.

Abstract: A filter process and its device consist of a double filtration system, i.e. a superficial filtration by means of coating of a filter medium and a cubical filtration by forming a large number of recesses between adjacent wires to be wrapped up round a screw thread portion of a cylinder. The screw thread portion is formed on the outer circumference of the cylinder. The section of the wire is isosceles triangle and a summit of the wire is wrapped up round screw bottom of the screw thread portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for effecting filtration, clarification and purification of liquid which comprises a housing containing a filter element made up of a plurality of layers of adsorbent material, comprising a porous, non-woven fibrous matrix in which is included an adsorbing agent for removing dissolved or suspended matter from the liquid, and a plurality of layers of liquid-permeable material. The layers of adsorbent material and liquid-permeable material are interdigitated in a stack between liquid impervious walls, and the flow of liquid through the filter element is along path generally parallel to the confronting surfaces of the layers of adsorbent material and liquid-permeable material. A process for removing dissolved, suspended or particulate matter from a liquid containing same, utilizing the filter apparatus, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A dual filtering system, especially for swimming pools, in which dirt and any large particulates are removed by passing a liquid feed through sand filter bed and minute impurities are then removed by passing the liquid filtrate through a multiplicity of vertically aligned, diatomaceous earth filter grid units. This permits the diatomaceous earth filter grid units to be operated for a protracted period of time with little, if any, need to backwash them. The filter grid units and the sand filter bed are disposed within a single tank in separate zones, one located above the other in a spaced, coaxial arrangement. The pressure differential between the two zones is automatically regulated during filtration by a check valve means. Each of the filter grid units is removably connected to radial arms of a manifold assembly and spaced apart from another. The grids are comprised of a rigid, sock-like pervious filter tube tightly fitted over a rigid, perforated tubular frame.

Abstract: The filter apparatus has a plurality of filter cylinders each formed of a plurality of filter elements and a blind cylinder is provided between a support plate for supporting the filter cylinders and the uppermost filter element of each filter cylinder, in order to prevent a liquid to be filtered from passing a region of each filter cylinder where the surface of the liquid is moved vertically.

Abstract: Conventional filter aid materials are treated with anion exchange resin materials having particle diameters smaller than 1 micrometer to produce an improved filter aid material bearing a fixed monolayer of the anion exchange resins.

Abstract: A water treatment system for removing turbidity-causing impurities from water which involves contacting water containing such impurities with a relatively small amount of filter aid material, e.g., diatomaceous earth, for a time sufficient for impurities in the water to become adsorbed on said filter aid material, passing the water containing the filter aid material with impurities adsorbed thereon through a pre-filter having a flow rate of two liters/min./sq. m., or greater, and thereafter through a filter medium in the form of a porous, non-woven matrix consisting essentially of randomly arranged, irregularly intersecting and overlapping cellulose fibers intermixed with micro-bits of an expanded thermoplastic styrene-polymer or lower polyolefin, or of a flexible foamed polyurethane.

Abstract: A cake filtration apparatus in a structural unit which comprises a plate filter and a filtering aid-dosing device which includes an agitator. The drive parts for rotating the filter unit are disposed on the top wall of the filter housing, and are connected with the drive of the agitator by means of a transmission device and a freewheel coupling. The shaft of the filter unit is only sealingly and rotatably mounted in the vicinity of the bottom of the housing. The bottom plate, the height of which is adjustable for removal of the centrifuged filter cake, is constructed in the manner of a disk valve having a valve seat, and can be raised and lowered independently of the filter unit, so that for centrifuging and removal of the filter cake, the filter unit no longer has to be raised or in some other manner moved out of its operating position.

Abstract: A method for filtering spent tar sands from a bitumen and organic solvent solution comprises separating the solution into two streams wherein the bulk of the coarser spent tar sand is in a first stream and has an average particle size of about 10 to about 100 mesh and the bulk of the finer spent tar sand is in a second stream; producing a filter cake by filtering the coarser spent tar sand from the first stream; and filtering the finer spent tar sand from the second stream with the filter cake. The method is particularly useful for filtering solutions of bitumen extracted from bitumen containing diatomite, spent diatomite and organic solvent.

Abstract: This invention relates to the art of vacuum pre-coat filtering to produce solids capable of being incinerated for their heat value and recovery of non-combustible solids. Specifically, the invention deals with rotary vacuum filtering apparatus containing a coating layer on the filter drum screen of a combustible non-fibrous particulate filter aid, preferably charcoal, which forms an efficient filter bed, is capable of being scraped from the bed in thin film form with the filtered out solids thereon and is capable of being incinerated eliminating heretofore necessary disposal expense.

Abstract: To separate a small alga such as Dunaliella from a containing liquid, a filter substrate is provided with a surface coat including a large alga such as Spirulina. The Dunaliella and some liquid are run through the Spirulina and the substrate and so are separated with some Spirulina content.

Abstract: To equalize the precoat application over the length of the filter press and/or over the height of each filter cloth, the drainage of at least a part of the carrier medium occurs at at least one, and preferably at a plurality of regularly distributed, drainage points located between the ends of the filter press, and preferably at a throttled rate, so that a pressure is built up in the filter chambers. At least one filter plate, and preferably a plurality of filter plates arranged at regular intervals, is provided with additional drainage orifices for the carrier medium at the upper end thereof with such additional drainage orifices being connected by flexible hoses to one or more filtrate-collecting pipes. The total cross-sectional area of all of these additional drainage orifices is smaller than the total cross-sectional area of the filtrate drainage channels used during filtration.

Abstract: A filtration system utilizing a plurality coaxial, vertically disposed, filter elements for clarifying a liquid passed therethrough. Upon the accumulation of a predetermined amount of materials on or in the filter cake, the filter chamber is sealed and the contents drained creating a pressure differential across the filter elements to maintain the integrity of the filter cake on the filter septum. After the contents of the filter chamber have been drained the chamber is positively pressurized to remove any filtrate remaining in the filter cake and to dry the filter cake on the filter septum prior to removal. The expended filter cake and accumulants are removed from the filter septum and conveyed from the filter chamber by a discharge system. The filter chamber is filled with liquid and the filter septum mechanically scrubbed to remove any residual materials therefrom.

Abstract: A fully submerged rotatable drum type of filter has a perforate cylindrical surface through which contaminated liquid is pulled by a suction pump. The inner periphery of the drum is sub-divided into numerous narrow, shallow, elongated chambers open at one end for communication with a main chamber which conveys filtered liquid to a port in the non-rotatable tube upon which the drum is rotatably mounted. A backwashing system for cleaning the perforate surface of the drum comprises a non-rotating channel which establishes sliding and sealing contact with a limited number of the open ends of the peripheral chambers to cause pressurized filtered backwashing liquid to flow into such peripheral chambers to remove filter cake from the perforate surface by the reverse flow therethrough. Filtration can therefore proceed through a majority of the peripheral chambers simultaneously with the backwashing operation through the limited number of peripheral chambers in communication with the backwashing system.

Abstract: A substantially cylindrical filter chamber having a lower horizontal bottom plate, a side wall and an upper horizontal bottom plate, is divided into two compartments having a bottom plate and a side wall by a planar horizontal support fabric. In each compartment, a movable wall is associated with the bottom plate, the movable wall being adapted to reduce the volume of the respective compartment to approximately zero. The support fabric serves as a carrier for a precoat filter layer and is clamped along a ring-shaped, preferably reinforced, rim region between the adjacent faces of said side walls. Further, each movable wall is also clamped along a ring-shaped rim region between the side wall and the adjacent bottom plate of the compartment.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the filtering of a fluid in which a filter-aid agent of a particulate or fibrous character is floated onto and deposited upon a support fabric in a fluid. The medium to be filtered is then passed through the filter layer formed by this filter aid. The fabric divides the filter chamber into two compartments both of which are flushed with washing liquid which is discharged from the upstream compartment after back-washing through the fabric. During the filtration, a loss of the purified filtrate and a mixture with nonfiltered medium is precluded in that both compartments, after the filtering and cleaning phases, are completely discharged of fluid. The back-washing of the fabric is effected with another fluid.

Abstract: A system for filtering liquids, such as coolant liquid from process machinery. The system includes an improved liquid storage tank having a partition dividing the tank into a clean tank for receiving clean liquid from a filter for return to the process machinery, and a dirty tank for receiving process or dirty liquid from process machinery. The storage tank further includes a second partition forming a blowdown chamber and a recirculation chamber below the blowdown chamber, the two chambers being coupled together by a valve which can be opened and closed depending upon the cycle of operation of the system. The recirculation chamber is coupled by a filter pump to the inlet of the filter. The filter has a return line to the clean tank and a blowdown line to the blowdown chamber. The blowdown chamber has a conical bottom and the recirculation chamber has a sidewall provided with tangential inlet ports communicating with the dirty tank.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for injecting media purifying mixtures into process equipment in precise, discrete, volumetric quantities. Purifying mixtures may be added at selectively determinable time intervals, or responsive to an operating characteristic of the system. The total amount of purifying material may be accurately controlled by varying the number of fixed volumetric units injected, or by varying the concentration of the purifying material in the mixture. The apparatus includes provision to assist injection of said units into said process equipment, while providing apparatus and methods to prevent the supply lines from clogging.