Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a centrifugal separator (1), which comprises a rotatable drum (5) having a wall (50), an annular chamber (7), defined along the longitudinal axis (49) of the rotatable drum (5) and bordering the wall (50), an annular screw feeder (90) accommodated rotatably in the annular chamber (7) for moving a mixture of substances in the liquid phase and in the solid phase longitudinally through the annular chamber (7), and separation nets (100) arranged in the wall (50) of the rotatable drum (5). The separation nets (100) have meshes for filtering the solid phase from the liquid phase by rotation of the drum (5). The separation nets (100) are movable relative to the wall (50).

Abstract: A diffuser useful for sparging to remove contaminant in situ is described. The diffuser includes a first elongated member having a sidewall with a first portion of the length of the sidewall being microporous, and a second portion of the length of the sidewall having well screen sized openings with the first elongated member defining an interior hollow portion of the diffuser, a second elongated member having a second sidewall having a plurality of microscopic openings, said second member being disposed through the hollow region of said first member and a third elongated member having a third sidewall having a plurality of microscopic openings, said third member being disposed coaxial with the first and second members. An end cap is disposed to seal a first end of the third elongated member, and being in contact with the second elongated member forms a chamber.

Abstract: A metal salt removal procedure for use with a crude oil flow is disclosed. A small amount of water, and a caustic in the range of 7-12 pH, and preferably 9-12 pH, are injected to form water bubbles surrounded by oil. An ethylene oxide reacted with polypropylene glycol at 350° F. or so yields a water soluble demulsifier added at the rate of a few ppm to the water in oil mix. The added reaction product, a polyol, enables metal salt isolation in the water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for washing pulp according to which method the pulp is supplied onto a movable liquid-pervious support surface to form a substantially continuous layer; and washing liquid is supplied to the pulp layer and passed in several successive washing phases through different areas of the layer in such a way that the washing liquid gradually flows in the opposite direction compared with the flow direction of the pulp layer. According to the invention the washing liquid is divided in two or more partial flows which pass alternately through different washing phases in such a way that the washing liquid which in one phase has passed through the pulp layer flows past at least the washing phase preceding it in the flow direction of the pulp layer. The apparatus of the invention preferably includes a rotating cylinder having a casing surface of which serves as the liquid-pervious support surface for the pulp.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for washing pulp according to which method the pulp is supplied onto a movable liquid-pervious support surface (2) to form a substantially continuous layer (7); and washing liquid is supplied to the pulp layer and passed in several successive washing phases through different areas of the layer in such a way that the washing liquid gradually flows in the opposite direction compared with the flow direction of the pulp layer. According to the invention the washing liquid is divided in two or more partial flows which pass alternately through different washing phases in such a way that the washing liquid which in one phase has passed through the pulp layer flows past at least the washing phase preceding it in the flow direction of the pulp layer. The apparatus of the invention preferably comprises a rotating cylinder (1) the casting surface (2) of which serves as the liquid-pervious support surface for the pulp.

Abstract: A module for use in separating a permeate from a fluid feed mixture. The module employs a serrated product tube with a plurality of perforations or apertures through the serrations to the inside of the tube. The serrations take the form of a helix or a grid. A product spacer with protruding ribs on one surface is folded over the product tube with the ribs on the opposite side of the serrations of the tube, and extending a predetermined length for laminating with additional spacer material and a membrane with a highly porous backing. The free ends of the membrane are sealed together to form an envelope enclosing the product spacer. First and second brine spacers having channels parallel with the axis of the tube separate the envelope portion of the product spacer and membrane so that when the membrane and spacers are spirally wound about the tube, each layer of product spacer and membrane have first and second brine spacers therebetween with the channels of the first and second brine spacers opposing.