Abstract: Disclosed in certain embodiments are sorbents for capturing heavy hydrocarbons via thermal swing adsorption processes.

Abstract: Devices, methods, and systems for obtaining one or more biological fluid components, and reducing red blood cell contamination, using a back-flushable filter device, are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for separating an aqueous emulsion including an aqueous phase and an non-aqueous phase into separated aqueous and non-aqueous phases, to provide a recovered non-aqueous phase, and to provide a recovered aqueous phase containing an acceptable level of the non-aqueous phase. In the process, at least one body, and preferably two or more bodies, of polymeric material with a high surface area, typically a foam material or polymer chips, is used in a horizontal flow treatment system to break the emulsion and thus provide both the aqueous and non-aqueous phases as two separate flows. A wide range of polymers can be used in the system as the polymeric material including polyurethane, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, and polyethylene. If a very low level of non-aqueous phase in the effluent is required, for example to meet potable water standards, then a Kozlowski polyurethane, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,239,040, is preferred as the last Polymeric material body.

Abstract: A system, that may be portable, for purifying liquid flowing gravitationally from a source/reservoir into a purified liquid receptacle is described. The system includes a housing with a generally horizontal filtering space. More than one liquid inlet disposed at a top portion of the filter is provided as well as one or more liquid outlets disposed at a bottom portion. The liquid flows in a generally lateral direction through the liquid treatment medium. Two or more first walls extending upwardly into the filtering space from a bottom wall thereof and ending with an apex are provided inside the device. One or more second walls downwardly extending into the filtering space from a top wall thereof are also provided. Each of the walls defines a closed path. The first and second walls jointly cause the liquid to flow in a curvilinear flow path from the inlet to the outlet.

Abstract: A fluid treatment unit and a sealing structure which is preferably for the fluid treatment unit are provided. The sealing structure includes: a cylinder with an opening formed at one end thereof, the cylinder comprising an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface, and an outer thread being provided on the outer wall surface; a sealing cover which is capable of hermetically cooperating with the inner wall surface of the cylinder to seal the opening; a support cover which is capable of being connected with the cylinder by thread engagement; when the support cover and the cylinder are relatively rotated in order to achieve a threaded connection of the support cover and the cylinder, the support cover is capable of supporting the sealing cover and impelling it to move in parallel so as to allow the sealing cover to reach a position at which it seals the opening.

Abstract: Apparatus for water purification and used in drinking water supply systems and individual filters. The apparatus allows an increase in quality of the water purification by means of a helical arrangement of a granular filter and an increase of the number of passages in which the water is purified. A household filter comprises a housing with distribution grids at the water inlet and outlet, two and more helical partitions having the form of a flat band or rod twisted around the longitudinal axis and having three or more beam profiles, and, optionally, comprise one or more flat partitions dividing the water inlet and outlet.

Abstract: The present invention provides an upward-flow manganese contact column for feeding raw water to a manganese catalyst-packed layer through a plurality of dispersion nozzles provided at the upper surface of a chamber by forming the chamber for allowing raw water to flow in at the bottom of a column body into which a granular manganese catalyst is packed. Each dispersion nozzle has an umbrella portion above a perpendicular nozzle body, and the umbrella portion is configured so that the lower end of the umbrella portion is elongated below the upper end of the nozzle body. Raw water is supplied to the entire manganese catalyst-packed layer from the lower end of the umbrella portion of each dispersion nozzle. It is capable, of exhibiting stable treatment ability for a long time by suppressing particles of the manganese catalyst from being worn by collisions of the particles.

Abstract: The water filter including a container, which has a bottom and a cover, wherein several inlets are provided on the border of the cover and an outlet is provided in the centre of the bottom. A spiral channel is located in the container, through which the inlets are connected to the outlet.

Abstract: An ion-removing apparatus includes a housing, a first ion-removing unit and a second ion-removing unit. The housing includes an inlet port, a liquid discharge port and a gas discharge port. The first ion-removing unit is disposed within the housing, so that the fluid that has entered the housing via the inlet port flows through the first ion-removing unit. The first ion-removing unit serves to remove a first ion, such anions, contained in the fluid. The second ion-removing unit is disposed within the housing, so that the fluid that has flown though the first ion-removing unit flows through the first ion-removing unit. The second ion-removing unit serves to remove a second ion, such as cations contained in the fluid. The liquid contained in the fluid that has flown through the second ion-removing unit is discharged from the liquid discharge port. The gas contained in the fluid that has flown through the second ion-removing unit is discharged from the gas discharge port.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter cartridge (1), especially a suction filter cartridge, which is provided, in the outlet opening (20), with an inward-pointing, peripheral snap-on rim (22) which can be folded from a first lower snap position into a second upper snap position and vice versa. The invention also relates to a seat element (30) for such a filter cartridge, comprising a connection sleeve (33) which engages with the outlet opening (20) of the filter cartridge (1). Said connecting sleeve (33) comprises at least one actuator which displaces, when the filter cartridge (1) is placed on the rim, the snap-on rim from a first lower snap position to the second upper snap-on rim from a first lower snap position to the second upper snap positioning which the snap-on rim rests against the connecting sleeve (33) in a sealing and clamping manner.

Abstract: A method of removing impurities from heavy fuel includes providing a first stationary adsorption column. The method further includes packing adsorbent particles that have a particle size distribution wherein at least about 50% of the particles have a diameter greater than about 18 microns in the first column. The method further includes diluting heavy fuel with a solvent to form a solvent-fuel mixture, and supplying the solvent-fuel mixture through the first column to facilitate removing impurities from the mixture.

Abstract: Provided is a water filtering device for a humidifier capable of increasing the filling amount of an ion exchange resin by including a separate inner cylinder having upper and lower diameters that are different from each other, increasing adsorption and removal efficiency of mineral components contained in water by taking a long ionic bonding time between the water and the ion exchange resin, and effectively preventing scales of the mineral components from being extracted by heating a heater to prevent malfunction of the heater or pipes.

Abstract: A process for separating an aqueous emulsion including an aqueous phase and an non-aqueous phase into separated aqueous and non-aqueous phases, to provide a recovered non-aqueous phase, and to provide a recovered aqueous phase containing an acceptable level of the non-aqueous phase. In the process, at least one body, and preferably two or more bodies, of polymeric material with a high surface area, typically a foam material or polymer chips, is used in a horizontal flow treatment system to break the emulsion and thus provide both the aqueous and non-aqueous phases as two separate flows. A wide range of polymers can be used in the system as the polymeric material including polyurethane, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, and polyethylene. If a very low level of non-aqueous phase in the effluent is required, for example to meet potable water standards, then a Kozlowski polyurethane, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,239,040, is preferred as the last polymeric material body.

Abstract: The filter cartridge for the water tank of a coffee machine comprises a housing having on both sides a plurality of slot-shaped openings constituting two inlets. For softening the water, the housing of the filter cartridge contains a ion exchange resin. The bottom of the housing comprises a central outlet. The interior of the housing is provided with a plurality of baffle members increasing the length of the flow path of the water between inlets and outlet. The housing comprises an upper portion and a lower portion, sealingly fixed to each other. The baffle members extend essentially in vertical direction and are alternately fixed to the upper and to the lower housing portion. Water passages are provided between the upper housing portion and the baffle members fixed to the lower housing portion, as well as between the lower housing portion and the baffle members fixed to the upper housing portion.

Abstract: A radial flow cartridge, especially for use with an ion exchange resin, includes inner and outer tubular cages, and a tubular knitted liner extending the length of the cartridge between the inner and outer cages and spaced apart from the outer cage. The resin medium fills the space between the liner and the inner cage. During use, the medium absorbs fluid and expands, stretching the knit liner radially and, thereby filling the space between the liner and the outer cage.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a filter underdrain for supporting a filter media between at least two dividers forming at least one cell, which includes at least one porous plate for supporting the filter media for filtering a fluid, the porous plate spanning across at least one of the dividers; and a plurality of support members beneath the porous plate, the support members containing at least one port for draining the fluid after the fluid passes through the porous plate. The porous plates may be bound together by a lap joint and an end section may be included between at least two of the support members, the end section containing at least one pocket for holding the porous plate.

Abstract: A method of minimizing head loss in a filter system including a plurality of drop pipes, a plurality of filter cells having a maximum influent level, and a distribution box having a maximum influent level, a base, and a plurality of distribution cells. The method includes positioning a first end of each of the plurality of drop pipes within one of the distribution cells such that the first end of the pipe is disposed within the distribution cell and defines a weir having a weir height. The method further includes positioning a second end of each of the pipes in fluid communication with one of the plurality of filter cells. The method also includes supporting the distribution box such that the maximum influent level of the filter cells is above the base of the distribution box and below the maximum influent level of the distribution box.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for performing peritoneal dialysis are provided. To this end, in part, a pump for a dialysis system is provided. The pump includes a first chamber wall including a first aperture, a second chamber wall including a second aperture, a piston, at least a portion of which can move through the second aperture, the piston including a third aperture, and first and second membranes disposed between the first and second chambers walls. A vacuum can be applied through the first aperture to pull the first membrane towards the first chamber wall and can be applied through the third aperture to pull the second membrane towards the piston. The piston can thereafter move the second membrane.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an automatic backwash filter system that includes at least one influent port for introducing a fluid to the filter; a plurality of partitions forming a plurality of compartments for holding a filtering media for filtering the fluid; at least one porous plate for supporting the plurality of partitions; wherein each of the partitions is mounted atop a continuous portion of the porous plate; and at least one effluent port for draining the fluid away from the compartments. The filter may also include a filter media comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of sand, anthracite coal, and activated carbon.

Abstract: A distributor/collector system includes a distributor provided with an upper header having upper laterals carrying fluid away from the upper header and a collector provided with a lower header having lower laterals carrying fluid toward the lower header. Flow enters the distributor on one side of the vessel and exits the collector on an approximately opposite side of the vessel. The distance traveled by each fluid particle through the system is substantially the same.

Abstract: The present invention filters runoff water containing oil and an emulsion of oil and water. A tank receives the inlet water and feeds it to a reservoir which in turn feeds the water to the cylindrical filter cells. The water passing through the filter cells is received by a manifold which feeds the clean water to an outlet. However, when the runoff water has a high rate of flow the reservoir soon overflows and the excess water flows directly to an outlet. The reservoir may be either above or below the filter cells. If above, the water entering the inlet flows downward to a reservoir which is perforated to provide water to the filter cells. If, however, the reservoir is below the filter cells it has a perforated top which feeds the filter cells. The water in the reservoir is under pressure. The filter cells may be cylindrical. They have an inner vertical cylindrical passageway surrounded by one or more cylindrical layers. One filtering media is in said inner passageway.

Abstract: The invention recites a filter including a plurality of filter cells, each filter cell including a bottom surface and at least one side surface and defining a maximum influent level. The filter also includes a distribution box including a base and at least one wall, the base and wall at least partially defining a distribution region therein. The distribution box is supported such that the base is at or below the filter cell maximum influent level. The filter further comprises a plurality of drop pipes, each pipe having a first end and a second end, the first end of each pipe is in fluid communication with the distribution region, and extends above the base of the distribution box. The second end of the pipe is in fluid communication with one of the plurality of filter beds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus including a pressure layer having an ability of following up the deformation or movement of a packed bed of a solid catalyst and/or solid adsorbent which is provided on the packed bed. Specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus in which a pressure layer having an ability of following up the deformation of the top surface of the solid catalyst packed bed is provided on the packed bed, or in which a water-permeable pressure layer having an ability of following up the deformation of the solid catalyst packed bed is provided on the packed bed. Such pressure layers are effective in sufficiently preventing the solid catalyst from moving in the packed bed. As a result, there is no problem such as the abrasion of solid catalyst mainly caused by its movement, the deterioration of the performance thereof, and an increase in pressure loss, thereby treating waste water in a stable manner for a long period of time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor apparatus having a bed of buoyant media pellets floating within a filtrate to be processed. The apparatus includes a tank (22) having a peripheral wall for containing filtrate (34) and a bed (36) of media pellets (38). A central manifold (100) is rotatably supported within the tank, the central manifold being mounted for rotation about a vertical axis (22) and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings (140) intermediate its ends, the openings adapted to eject filtrate in a generally horizontal direction and along a substantially vertical plane toward the wall of the tank, cyclically fluidize pellets in a directly narrow zone. In a preferred aspect, there is also a thrust manifold (140), generally parallel to the axis of the central manifold and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings intermediate its ends directed horizontally and generally perpendicularly to the plane.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system capable of purifying water to a laboratory grade level that uses redox media, high energy catalytic activated carbon, ultraviolet radiation and high purity ion exchange media in series filtration. The system produces purified water having a specific resistance of at least 18.2 megohm·cm at 25° C. with low organic carbon content. The system is designed to be fabricated on a sufficiently small scale to fit on a lab bench top.

Abstract: A treatment unit is disclosed for treating a fluid in continuous. This treatment unit provides the opportunity to carry out simultaneously an enzymatic transformation and a capture of a fluid element. The unit has a reservoir with a fluid inlet for receiving a fluid to be treated and a fluid outlet for releasing a treated fluid. The unit also has removable cassettes provided with a reactive material for treating the fluid and two spaced-apart baffle walls in the reservoir for regulating the flow of the fluid therein. The unit further has a reaction chamber defined between each of the two spaced-apart baffles walls. The reaction chamber has an opening for removably inserting therein the cassette. Yet, the unit further has mounting means for mounting the cassette in a reaction chamber spaced-apart from the two baffle walls, whereby a cassette is disposed between two spaced-apart baffle walls and causes the fluid to flow in a zigzag pattern thus further regulating the flow of the fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water filtration apparatus for mounting on the exposed exterior surfaces of a refrigerator to provide filtered water to the interior of a refrigerator cabinet. The apparatus may be mounted on the exposed or visible surfaces of the refrigerator for ease of installation, monitoring, and filter replacement. A readily replaceable filter cartridge is also provided.

Abstract: To adsorb, on solid adsorbent particles, constituents dissolved in liquid, or to desorb (extract), from solid desorbent particles, soluble constituents in liquid, in a container a packed bed formed from granular material is mixed with adsorbent particles or desorbent particles smaller than 200 &mgr;m, said bed moves downwards by virtue of gravity, said liquid is passed upwards through the bed by means of a pressure differential, the said dissolved constituents being adsorbed on the solid adsorbent particles or the said soluble constituents being extracted from the desorbent particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bioreactor apparatus having a bed of buoyant media pellets floating within a filtrate to be processed. The apparatus includes a tank having a peripheral wall for containing filtrate and a bed of media pellets. A central manifold is rotatably supported within the tank the central manifold being mounted for rotation about a vertical axis and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings intermediate its ends, the openings adapted to eject filtrate in a generally horizontal direction and along a substantially vertical plane toward the wall of the tank. A thrust manifold, generally parallel to the axis of the central manifold has a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings intermediate its ends directed horizontally and generally perpendicularly to the plane. The thrust manifold is supported in association with the central manifold inwardly adjacent the tank wall and offset rearwardly of the plane to rotate with the central manifold.

Abstract: An enclosed, elongated structure for placement in the ground to filter and biologically pretreat wastewater after it leaves a septic tank and before it enters a drain field. The structure includes an upstream chamber or compartment connected to an inlet and containing a filter media such as stone and two or more baffles positioned crosswise to the direction of flow to direct the wastewater through multiple, sequential downward and upward flow paths through the stone for filtering and for anaerobic biological conversion of undesirable substances in the wastewater. A downstream chamber or compartment vented to atmosphere contains a filter media such as gravelly sand and receives the wastewater flow from the upstream chamber for further progressive filtering and for aerobic biological conversion of undesirable substances. Beneath the gravelly sand is a U-shaped perforated pipe for collecting the wastewater and directing it to an outlet leading to the drain field.

Abstract: Embodiments of a filter cartridge for a sports bottle are shown and described. Each embodiment has a member for containing or attaching to a filter media and having a means of securing the cartridge inside the bottle neck without requiring modification of the bottle or bottle cap. The preferred cartridge includes a generally cylindrical cup or ring for holding media, and an extension that fits between the cap and the bottle neck to secure the cartridge in place while preserving a water-tight seal. The extension has a slanted inner surface that diverts the cap's knife edge inward slightly and then seals with the outside surface of the knife blade. As the cap is installed and the knife presses down against the extension, the knife forces the expandable or flexible extension outward slightly to seal against the neck.

Abstract: A gravity fed, pour-through water filtration device includes a chamber housing a spiral filter including a biocidal material and an annular holding chamber. Several porous separator disks, a volume of filtration media, and a cyst membrane are positioned beneath the spiral filter and holding chamber. The device is effective in significantly reducing the number of bacteria, viruses and cysts present in the filtrated water.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to improve flow of fluid through an annular bed in a radial flow treatment vessel. An elongated annular baffle is disposed in the reactor adjacent the bed to impart generally U-shaped flow to the fluid either prior to entering or after it exits the bed thus achieving an overall serpentine or reverse U-shaped flow pattern as the fluid proceeds from an entry port to an exit port in the reactor. Means are provided in the baffle to permit minor amounts of fluid to bypass the generally U-shaped flow path in order to correct fluid flow maldistribution through the bed that is attributed to frictional pressure drop in the flow channels adjacent to the bed. A vessel according to the invention can be operated with fluid flow through the vessel in either direction.

Abstract: A liquid filter includes a housing in the form of a elongated, substantially rectangular body. The body has two end walls, top and bottom walls and two side walls. The body has length, height and thickness dimensions. At least one vertical partition is located in the housing, diving the housing into at least two chambers having bottoms. Filtration particulate is located in the chambers. An inlet and outlet are provided as well as a port in the partition for causing liquid flowing through the chambers to pass between adjacent chambers.

Abstract: An automatically-regulated, self-flushing method of filtering a liquid suspension includes passing the suspension through a granular filter material. The flow of suspension is halted to relieve the pressure in the system, so facilitating the settling of the removed particles down the filter. Further settling of the particles may be achieved by passing an airstream through the filter material. A reverse flow of the filtrate then effects a backwashing action on the filter material so that further settling of the particles is encouraged. The filter material may be contained in a drain passage which follows a generally sinuous path. The drain passage may serve a waste landfill site in which toxic, hazardous or domestic waste is disposed.

Abstract: A container includes a gable top fiberboard or cardboard carton having a top and a bottom, and may be substantially filled with drinking water. An activated carbon-containing integral mass of material (e.g. which may be present in various forms and quantities to suit the intended purpose, such as in accordion pleated sheet form, floating at or near the surface of the water, in a porous containing element, etc.) is disposed within the carton and is capable of removing more than 90% of the chlorine, lead or other taste and odor contaminants from the water in its optimized configuration. The carton top typically has a pour opening and the carbon containing mass may be fixed so that the water only comes into significant contact with the mass when the water is being (or about to be) poured through the opening. A biocidal media may also be disposed in the carton positively separated from the carbon containing mass by separator plates and/or ion exchange media.

Abstract: An aquarium integrated filter (10) that is designed to maintain the purity, cleanliness and biological health of an aquarium (250). The filter (10) includes within a single enclosure (12) all the filtering elements that are necessary to perform proper filtration of a salt water aquarium. These filters consist of: a coarse pad filter (58), a chemical media filter (70), a fluidized biological bed filter (102), a venturi protein skimmer (124), a wet/dry filter (174) and a micron filter (180). The enclosure (12) also includes a filter outlet fitting (28) and a filter inlet fitting (52). Likewise, the aquarium includes a tank inlet fitting (252) and a tank outlet fitting (254). To connect the aquarium integrated filter (10) to the aquarium (250), the filter outlet fitting (28) is connected, via a primary water pump (206), to the tank inlet fitting (252) and filter inlet fitting (52) is connected directly to the tank outlet fitting (254).

Abstract: A water purification through-flow device which comprises a cylindrical shell which is divided lengthwise into two or more sectors, separated from each other by partitions, with a cover fitting one end of the shell, in which cover there is provided an inlet for water which is to be purified. Depending on the number of sectors, the outlet is provided in the same cover if there are two sectors, and in the other cover if there are three sectors: the water flowing through each of the sectors one after the other. The individual sectors may contain the same purification substance, or different sectors can contain different ones. There may be provided mechanical filtration means for the water passing through the device, and there may be provided means for closing the various sectors during storage.

Abstract: A gravity percolation water purifier assembly. The assembly includes a covered storage container having a dispensing spigot. A flanged filtration chamber is supported beneath the cover to receive untreated water. A porous filter cartridge is sealed to an outlet port. A purifier cartridge is threaded to the outlet port and supports multiple fibrous spacers and treatment chambers containing beds of treatment media, including a multi-valent iodine media, granular activated carbon, and a halogen scavenger media. In one purification cartridge, water passes from multiple inlet ports at an inlet bore through adjoining concentric chambers and to the storage container via outlet ports at the periphery of the purifier cartridge.

Abstract: A portable, manually-operated water filtration pump for purifying water. The pump includes an inexpensive, disposable filter cartridge which can be easily changed when the filter elements are no longer effective. The pump uses a lever to actuate a double-acting piston. The lever is collapsible to one side of the pump for compact storage. The filter cartridge is a tubular cylinder having an inner bore forming the pump cylinder. A cylindrical mechanical filter is concentric with and adjacent to the inner bore to filter out particulates larger than 0.3 microns. A fluidized granual activated carbon filter surrounds the mechanical filter to absorb halogen and halogen-related compounds such as herbicides and pesticides. The pump pumps filtered water into a bottle adaptor which will fit most standard water containers. A prefilter is provided to screen out large particulates from the pump to enhance the life of the filter elements.

Abstract: A filter apparatus for water purification is provided. A compact housing has a disk filter including concentric chambers connected in series with divided water flow in opposite directions in each chamber with one water tank input and one purified water output.

Abstract: A portable, manually-operated water filtration pump for purifying water. The pump includes an inexpensive, disposable filter cartridge which can be easily changed when the filter elements are no longer effective. The pump uses a lever to actuate a double-acting piston. The lever is collapsible to one side of the pump for compact storage. The filter cartridge is a tubular cylinder having an inner bore forming the pump cylinder. A cylindrical mechanical filter is concentric with and adjacent to the inner bore to filter out particulates larger than 0.3 microns. A fluidized granular activated charcoal filter surrounds the mechanical filter to absorb chlorine and chlorine-related compounds such as herbicides and pesticides. The pump pumps into a bottle adaptor which will fit most standard water containers. A prefilter is provided to screen out large particulates from the pump to enhance the life of the filter elements.

Abstract: A water filtering bottle which includes a water filtering apparatus incorporated within the neck of the bottle. During normal consumption of the water from the water filtering bottle, water is filtered by the water filtering apparatus to remove unwanted substances in the water such as pesticides, chlorine, particulate matter, algae, bacteria, heavy metals, and improves odor and flavor of the consumable water.

Abstract: A liquid filter has a housing with a bottom and a top. A vertical partition divides the housing into an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber. One type of filtration material is located in the inlet chamber. The inlet to the inlet chamber is located in the bottom of the housing and results in an upward flow through the inlet chamber. The outlet chamber has an outlet located in the bottom of the housing. A port is located at the top of the inlet chamber for directing the liquid from the inlet chamber into the outlet chamber. The liquid flows downwardly through the outlet chamber.

Abstract: A spiral-wound adsorber module is claimed for the removal of VOCs from fluid streams. The apparatus comprises a spirally adsorbent bed supported within a cylinder to provide a compact, longer adsorbent life alternative for a thermal swing adsorption process.

Abstract: A two stage raw water clarifier with first stage flotation and second stage filtration divides at least the lower portion of a flotation tank into independent cells. A branched slotted conduit located in a filter medium in each cell collects clarified water. Valves control the flow of clarified water from each branched conduit either to a clarified water ring conduit or to a first filtrate/backwash ring conduit connected to a storage tank. The filter media is preferably a dual media, a layer of anthracite or activated carbon over a layer of sand. High cell walls and inclined baffles in each cell retain the filter media during backwashing. The baffles also slow the flotation process. A decompression valve for pressurized water with dissolved air has a very narrow annular slot in the flow path through the valve to create microscopic air bubbles of optimal size for the flotation. A movable member sets this annular slot at a proper value.

Abstract: A portable water-purifying device comprises a primary disinfecting chamber (50) and a combined secondary disinfecting chamber and post-filter (30). Water to be purified can be scooped by means of a cover (12) into a receptacle (90) containing a pre-filter media (39) of preferably silvered activated carbon beneath a coarse entry filter pad (102). From that receptacle (90) the water enters the primary disinfecting chamber (50), flowing downwards through nine or so passage-forming segments (22) filled with a microbiocide (56), to effect primary disinfection, that is, to kill a substantial number of pathogenic organisms, but probably not all. Each passage (22) is at least three times longer than it is wide, to prevent channelling of the water through the microbiocide. Disinfectant from the microbiocide (56) enters the water as it passes through.

Abstract: The present invention provides a one piece or unitary filter assembly for attachment to a waterline to remove chlorine and other substances from water. This unitary assembly provides a rechargeable or reusable filter assembly for use with hot water passing through a concentrated bed of 100% granulated or powdered zinc and includes a removable diverter/screen element to enable zinc to be added to or removed from an internal chamber formed therein. The preferred method of treating water utilizes 100% zinc filter media to react with or remove chlorine and other substances more efficiently from water, thereby allowing a greater volume of water to be treated, as well as the treatment of water at elevated temperatures. The pure zinc filtering media used has the added advantage of achieving a more efficient oxidation of chlorine while meeting current EPA standards.

Abstract: A filter system (10) is disclosed that includes a filter assembly (12) and input/output hardware (14). The filter assembly includes a housing (16) and cap (18) that cooperatively support a prefilter (20) and main filter (22) in a fluid flow path. Fluid flow through the filter assembly occurs radially through the prefilter and axially or radially through the main filter. The main filter includes an alkaline leaching agent to raise the pH of fluid flowing therethrough to, for example, between 8 and 10. A method is also disclosed for evaluating the effectiveness of the filter system in reducing a select contaminant from the fluid by evaluating the effectiveness of the filter system in raising the fluid's pH.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a water filter and particularly to a water filter with a rotary filter tube, comprising a water filter cylinder and a plurality of filter leaf thimbles so that there is a maximum filter course in a certain filter space for water filtering. It is very convenient to replace the filter leaves (thimbles) outside the water inlet pipe (port).