Abstract: A method for forming a nanopore membrane includes forming an array of carbon nanotubes on a substrate that are disposed side by side in a direction perpendicular to a length of the carbon nanotubes. The array of carbon nanotubes are embedded in a patternable polymer material. The patternable polymer material is crosslinked over the array of carbon nanotubes. An adhesive layer is deposited on the polymer material having the array of carbon nanotubes to form a pad. The pad is rolled using a transfer rod to form a membrane with carbon nanotubes of the array, forming nanopores through the membrane such that as the pad is rolled the membrane increases in diameter.

Abstract: A coalescing filter element provides an integrated filter element with a three stage design with a hydrophobic or hydrophilic coalescing layer. A coalescing filter element comprises: a) At least one particulate filtration layer; b) A coalescing layer promoting coalescing of water particles, wherein the coalescing layer is downstream of the at least one particulate filtration layer relative to the flow of fluid through the element; c) An annular coalescing space downstream of the coalescing layer; d) A sump in a lower portion of the filter element in fluid communication with the annular coalescing space; and e) A hydrophobic layer downstream of the annular coalescing space, wherein fluid being cleaned by the element flows through the hydrophobic layer. The coalescing layer may be a hydrophobic or a hydrophilic coalescing layer. A filter assembly will include the coalescing filter element of the present invention.

Abstract: A filter element (1) has first and second end sections (3A, 3B) of a flat filter medium which are secured to one another. A sheathing (4) is provided, wherein said sheathing is compressed by the end sections (3A, 3B) and surrounds the end edges (9) of the end sections (3A, 3B). Alternatively, the filter element (1) has first and second end sections (3A, 3B) of a flat filter medium, wherein the first end section (3A) has a fold (5) having two fold legs (6A, 6B). The end section (3B) of the second end section (2B) is then compressed between the fold legs (6A, 6B).

Abstract: A filter element for filtering a fluid comprises a first clamping ring with an outer ring; a first filter disk; a first inner support plate for supporting the first filter disk and which faces to the outside or to an inner flow channel; a second inner support plate provided with recesses; a second filter disk arranged adjacent the second inner support plate; and a second clamping ring which is connected to the first clamping ring by connecting elements. The filter disks and the inner support plates are arranged inside a housing which is formed by the clamping rings, by at least one outer ring and by outer support plates provided with recesses and covering the filter disks on the outside.

Abstract: Membranes of the invention comprise a hybrid silica film on a organic polymer support. The silica comprises organic bridging groups bound to two or more silicon atoms, in particular at least 1 of said organic bridging groups per 10 silicon atoms. The membranes can be produced by dry chemistry processes, in particular plasma-enhanced vapour deposition of bridged silane precursors, or by wet chemistry involving hydrolysis of the bridged silane precursors. The membranes are inexpensive and efficient for separation of small molecules and filtration processes.

Abstract: A fuel filter has a housing with fuel inlet for fuel to be purified, fuel outlet for purified fuel, and water outlet for water separated from the fuel. A filter element is arranged in the housing and separates seal-tightly fuel inlet from fuel outlet. The filter element has a filter medium formed as a hollow body and flowed through from the interior to the exterior of the filter element or in reverse. A coalescing medium formed as a hollow body is arranged in a flow path of the fuel downstream of the filter medium for separating water from the fuel. The coalescing medium surrounds the filter medium or is arranged in the interior. The coalescing medium has at least one nonwoven layer that coalesces water and has a main orientation of fibers transverse to a main flow path of separated water downstream of the coalescing medium.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel filter (10) for fuel, in particular diesel fuel, of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, and to a filter element of such a fuel filter. A housing (12) has at least one fuel inlet (26) for the fuel to be cleaned, at least one fuel outlet (18) for cleaned fuel, and at least one water outlet (30) for water which has been separated from the fuel. The filter element (36) is arranged in the housing (12), said filter element sealingly separating the fuel inlet (26) from the fuel outlet (18). The filter element (36) has a filter medium (38) which is designed as a hollow body and which can be permeated from the inside to the outside or from the outside to the inside in order to filter the fuel. The filter element (36) has a coalescing medium (58) designed as a hollow body for separating water contained in the fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to membranes, membrane modules, and applications therefor. In particular, the invention relates to the construction of membranes and membrane modules for use in osmotically driven membrane processes.

Abstract: A separation membrane, including: a separation membrane main body having at least a base material and a separating functional layer; and a flow path material independently fixed in the thickness direction of the base material, and having a compression elasticity of 0.1-5.0 GPa.

Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrane includes a porous support membrane made of a substrate and a porous support layer and a polyamide separation-functional layer disposed on the porous support layer, wherein the zeta potential of the separation-functional layer at pH 6 is ?20 mV or lower, and the zeta potential difference between potentials of the separation-functional layer at pH 10 and pH 3 is 25 mV or smaller, and has high water permeability and high salt rejection performance and high acid/alkali durability.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to perform multiple filtration steps with a modular filtration apparatus and single cycle. A stackable modular filter cup has features to allow stacked cups to be separated without the need for substantial effort yet without diminishing the effect of vacuum assisted filtration. Each cup is formed with a slip seal segment and/or a series of substantially vertical channels or ridges on an inner or outer wall to reduce surface contact between nested filter cups.

Abstract: To provide a separation membrane element that is able to increase the amount of permeate fluid per unit time and also able to improve stability performance, provided is a separation membrane element, comprising a separation membrane and a permeate spacer, wherein a separation functional layer is arranged on the surface of said separation membrane and a nonwoven fabric served as a substrate is arranged on the back surface of said separation membrane, wherein said permeate spacer is arranged on the back surface side of said substrate, wherein said permeate spacer is made of a different material from said separation membrane, and a projection area ratio of said permeate spacer to said separation membrane is 0.03 to 0.80.

Abstract: The assemblies of the invention can comprise a fine fiber layer having dispersed within the fine fiber layer an active particulate material. Fluid that flows through the assemblies of the invention can have any material dispersed or dissolved in the fluid react with, be absorbed by, or adsorbed onto, the active particulate within the nanofiber layer. The structures of the invention can act simply as reactive, absorptive, or adsorptive layers with no filtration properties, or the structures of the invention can be assembled into filters that can filter particulate from a mobile fluid while simultaneously reacting, absorbing, or adsorbing materials from the mobile fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filter cloth for a dust collector which shows low pressure loss, no clogging, superior dust shaking-off performance, and durability for continuous use without impairing collection performance, even under such dust collection conditions as high speed filtration and high dust concentration. The filter cloth for a dust collector relevant to the present invention is a filter cloth which is made by laminating and integrating a filtration layer of a nonwoven fabric layer consisting of a thermoplastic fiber and a support layer consisting of a woven fabric layer, characterized in that at least filtration surface layer of said laminated and integrated filter cloth has a concave-convex shape having a height from hill part to trough part of 1.6 to 20.0 mm.

Abstract: Provided is a ceramic filter that can be used for a long time at a high temperature, including a porous substrate having a partition wall that defines and forms a cell extending from one end face to the other end face, the porous substrate being made of ceramic a separation membrane disposed on a wall face in the cell; and glass seal disposed at the one end face and the other end face so as not to block open frontal areas of the cell. The glass seal includes glass and inorganic particles dispersed in the glass, the inorganic particles being made of clay, and a ratio of a coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass seal to a coefficient of thermal expansion of the porous substrate is 90% or less.

Abstract: A fluid filtration media is disclosed that incorporates a channel depth layer to prevent collapse between media layers for increased filtration efficiency while maintaining increased filter life.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanofiber membrane layer having a basis weight of 0.01-50 g/m2 and a porosity of 60-95%, comprising a nanoweb made of polymeric nanofibers with a number average diameter in the range of 50-600 nm, consisting of a polymer composition comprising a semicrystalline polyamide having a C/N ratio of at most 5.5. The invention also relates to water and air filtration devices comprising such a nanofiber membrane layer.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis separation membrane includes a porous support, a separation active layer formed on the supporting layer, and a ultra hydrophilic layer formed on the separation active layer. The ultra-hydrophilic layer includes a complex metal oxide including at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Sn(IV) and Al(III), and Si, and an organic compound containing a hydrophilic group making a physical or chemical bond with Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Sn(IV) or Al(III) among the complex metal oxide. A method of manufacturing the reverse osmosis separation membrane also is provided. A reverse osmosis membrane including a single coating layer and having an improved durability, chlorine-resistance and antifouling properties may be provided.

Abstract: A vibratory separator includes a screen frame having an upper screen surface and a plurality of openings and a first screen insert disposed in a first opening of the plurality of openings of the screen frame, the screen insert having a screen surface positioned at a first height above the supper screen surface. The vibratory separator also includes a second screen insert disposed in a second opening of the plurality of openings of the second screen frame, wherein a screen surface of the second screen insert is positioned at a second height. The second height may be different from the first height. A method of processing fluid includes providing a flow of fluid to a vibratory separator, and flowing the fluid over a screen having a first screen insert positioned at a first height.

Abstract: A cartridge having at least one layer containing sodium zirconium phosphate and at least one layer containing a combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide is described. Methods of using the cartridge for water purification are also described.

Abstract: A filter screen is formed by a first sheet metal frame having one or more cutout sections. A first layer of screening is placed on top of the frame but does not extend to the edges of the frame. An optional second layer of screening may be placed over the top of the first layer such that it extends beyond the perimeter of the first layer but not to the perimeter of the frame. The assembly is then fusion bonded together and rolled into a tubular configuration. Abutting edges of the frame are welded together to form a rigid filter screen.

Abstract: Separation media, separation modules and methods are provided for separating water from a water and hydrocarbon emulsion and include a fibrous nonwoven coalescence layer for receiving the water and hydrocarbon emulsion and coalescing the water present therein as a discontinuous phase to achieve coalesced water droplets having a size of 1 mm or greater, and a fibrous nonwoven drop retention layer downstream of the coalescence layer having a high BET surface area of at least 90 m2/g or greater sufficient to retain the size of the coalesced water droplets to allow separation thereof from the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A separation membrane includes a separation membrane main body having at least a substrate and a separation function layer; and a channel material having a composition different from that of the separation membrane main body and affixed to a substrate-side surface of the separation membrane main body, wherein the channel material is discontinuous in a first direction and continuous in a second direction from one end to another end of the separation membrane main body.

Abstract: A membrane element is provided between a pair of water collecting cases. Water collecting spaces in which permeate having penetrated through the membrane element is collected are formed in the water collecting cases. The water collecting case of one membrane module and the water collecting case of the other membrane module are coupled via coupling portions. The coupling portions have flow holes. The water collecting space of the water collecting case of the one membrane module and the water collecting space of the water collecting case of the other membrane module communicate with each other via the flow holes of the coupling portions.

Abstract: Superhydrophobic membrane structures having a beneficial combination of throughput and a selectivity. Methods of making and using the membrane structures.

Abstract: A filter has a filter medium (10) during operation clears fluid, particularly in the form of hydraulic fluid. The filter medium (10) is made of a material such that the potential difference to the fluid to be cleaned is low. The parts of the filter medium (10) have different potentials with respect to each other and/or the fluid to be cleaned such that they cancel each other at least partially, specific dissipation is aspired, or a return of electric charge to the associated filter medium (10) is provided, using a charge equalization situation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flat gasket with filter elements. In order to fulfil the increased requirements with respect to cleanliness, there is an increased demand for the integration of filter elements in flat gaskets. The corresponding filter elements mainly serve for picking of impurities accrued during production as well as other residues circulate via the operational fluids, especially during the initial period of operation of an internal combustion engine or a vehicle.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of molecular layer-by-layer deposition processes and more specifically to the synthesis of a polymer layer relevant to a separation membrane using molecular layer-by-layer deposition of highly cross-linked polyamide films to promote consistent layer growth consistent for the formation of membrane layers having a uniform chemical composition and thickness.

Abstract: Ligand functionalized substrates, methods of making ligand functionalized substrates, and methods of using functionalized substrates are disclosed.

Abstract: The above objective are accomplished by providing a filter medium for use in manufacturing of hydraulic fluid and air filters comprising: an upstream layer comprised of nonwoven fiber having a denier between about 5.0 and 7.0 and a weight of between about 3.0 and 5.0 ounces a scrim and a cap layer comprising a fiber having a denier between about 0.1 and 5.0 denier and a weight between about 2.0 and 4.0 ounces carried by said upstream layer and disposed downstream from said upstream layer. The upstream layer, scrim and cap layer can have a weight of about 4.0 ounces, 2.0 ounces and 3.0 ounces respectively. A downstream layer can be disposed between said upstream layer and said cap layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are modular filter-in-filter elements, namely an outer filter element and an inner filter element which may be assembled to form a filter cartridge for use in separation methods and systems. The outer filter element typically functions as a coalescing element and the inner element typically functions as a particulate filter element. The disclosed filter cartridges may be structured for separating water from a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel as the fuel moves through the cartridge from outside to inside.

Abstract: A liquid filter assembly comprising a filter subassembly is inserted within an elongated tubular filter body, enclosed by a pair of end caps. The filter subassembly includes a plurality of filtration discs placed onto a tubular core and inner support member. A disc aperture is provided concentrically through each filtration disc. An outer filter support member and a central filter support member support each filtration disc. The outer filter support member engages with an interior of the elongated body and an end wall engages with the disc perimeter. The central filter support member engages with an exterior of the inner support member and an end wall engages with the peripheral edge about the filtration disc aperture. Fluid passes through the first end cap orifice, continuing through the inner support member, transferring flow through the filtration discs, returning through the inner support member, and exiting the opposite end cap orifice.

Abstract: A sorbent polymer is provided that interacts or reacts with aqueous urea to aid the regeneration of a dialysate liquid. The sorbent polymer may include one or more specific functional groups bonded thereto. Such specific functional groups are selected from carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid esters, carboxylates, amides, dicarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acid esters, and dicer boxylates to produce the desired urea sorbent.

Abstract: A filter includes a structurally rigid adsorptive filtering medium formed as a sintered porous material chosen to remove targeted contaminant(s). The adsorptive filtering medium forms a hollow chamber sized to receive a mechanical filtering medium which is sized to press outward against the adsorptive filtering medium which supports the mechanical filtering medium thus eliminating a cage and a core to support the mechanical filtering medium and leading to a simplified construction. The fluid enters the filter through substantially the entire face of the adsorptive filtering structure and proceeds through the mechanical filtering medium which is a pleated paper filter.

Abstract: A filtration member comprising a nanofiber layer and two nanoporous membrane layers is disclosed. The filtration member can be used to remove particles and gels from photoresist and other fluids by a combination of sieving and non-sieving particle retention mechanisms.

Abstract: A filtration and dispensing system that is particularly suitable for underdeveloped parts of the world is provided for storing, filtering, and dispensing rainwater, surface water, or groundwater. The system includes a bank of ceramic filters, a water retention container for holding water to be dispensed by the system, and at least one header tank to which water supplied from the water retention container is fed. A pump is utilized to withdraw water from a lower portion of the water retention container and supplied to the header tank. The withdrawn water is distributed by way of piping from the header tank to individual ceramic filters in the bank of ceramic filters, and a collection tank receives filtered water discharged from the bank of ceramic filters. Trickle feed nozzles or other discharge elements are used to discharge the filtered water from the collection tank for use.

Abstract: A strainer wall structure includes curved sections, a method of manufacturing the same, and a filtering method using the strainer wall structure to provide a substantially larger effective filtering area in the same length and width, substantially reducing foreign substances covering a suction surface and flow resistance of the foreign substances, and reducing pressure drop at a cooling water pass corresponding thereto. The strainer wall structure includes an inlet side through which cooling water is introduced and an outlet side through which the filtered cooling water is discharged, includes a body having openings in directions of the inlet side and the outlet side, and a first filter plate inserted into the body and including curved sections formed by alternately bending a first punched plate having filtering holes in opposite directions and at a predetermined interval.

Abstract: A media retainer assembly for retaining filter media in a filter assembly includes a top plate for supporting the filter media, the top plate having a top surface, a bottom surface and a plurality of openings extending therethrough; a bottom plate having a top surface and a plurality of openings extending therethrough; and scouring media, the scouring media being adapted to abrade the surfaces of the top and bottom plates. The top plate is connected to the bottom plate such that the top surface of the bottom plate is spaced from the bottom surface of the top plate to define at least one chamber between the top plate and the bottom plate. The top surface of the top plate is in fluid communication with the chamber via the openings in the top plate. The scouring media is supported by the bottom plate within the at least one chamber.

Abstract: Versions of the invention include compositions and methods for making them that include a polymeric porous membrane with one or more atmospheric pressure microwave plasma modified surfaces. The modified porous membrane is stable, non-dewetting, and retains its mechanical strength.

Abstract: A mesh screen, for example for filtration wheels used in water treatment, provides a set of pleated filter elements assembled by in-molding the mesh into stringers subdividing a frame. Retention strips following the pleated edges of the filter elements at the stringers include apertures permitting direct clamping of the mesh near the stringers and the ability to visually inspect, after molding, engagement between the molded elements and the mesh while providing an increased engagement area between the mesh and elements of the over-molded frame.

Abstract: A combination of acid zirconium phosphate and alkaline hydrous zirconium oxide are utilized as ion-exchange materials, for example, in sorbent dialysis. The combination provides for dialysate regeneration while maintaining constant and controlled levels of Na+, HCO3?, and pH.

Abstract: A filter element is disclosed. The filter element includes a filter casing defining an inner radial surface, a filter body disposed within the casing, the filter body having an axial, dirty side surface and an axial, clean side surface, wherein the filter body includes fluted filter media having one or more flutes that extend from the dirty side surface to the clean side surface and a pre-filter including an axial, dirty side surface and an axial, clean side surface, the pre-filter arranged within the casing so that the dirty side surface of the pre-filter is proximate the clean side surface of the filter body, wherein the filter body and the pre-filter are fixably retained by the inner radial surface of the casing.

Abstract: Fluid treatment arrangements having at least first and second radially displaced sets (12,13) of fluid treatment elements and methods for making and using them are disclosed: A ribbon including a permeable fluid treatment medium may be spirally wound in a plurality of windings to form a fluid treatment element of either set. At least two and as many as fifty or more fluid treatment elements (14?, 14?) may be positioned along a hollow core assembly (11) in each set. Fluid may be directed to or from the interior of the core assembly through a fluid treatment element of the first set and a fluid treatment element of the second set. In each fluid treatment element, fluid flows generally edgewise through the permeable fluid treatment medium.

Abstract: A filtering device and method is provided for filtering debris from liquid flowing over a surface. The device includes a flexible, liquid-permeable elongated body possessing a plurality of faces including a planar bottom face configured to rest on the surface. The liquid-permeable elongated body is formed of a plurality of compressed fibers and an adhesive bonding together the fibers. The device may be arranged on the ground on a construction site to inhibit loose debris from being washed away by rainwater into storm drains and nearby bodies of liquid.

Abstract: A filter includes a filter element (1) having a filter medium (106) pleated in a zigzag manner, with a raw side (105) and a clean side (104). Filter medium sections (120), which extend on either side of the raw-side pleat tips (102a) to adjoining raw-side pleat bases (103a), include a first bend (552) toward the raw side (105), and behind that a second bend (554) toward the clean side (104), in each case viewed from the raw-side pleat tips (102a).

Abstract: A cylindrical pleated filter of charged layer membrane filter material is constructed with minimized filter occlusion and surface area where the filter diameter, a number of filter pleats and pleat width results in the outer pleat apex included angle of each pleat being at least 10-degrees. Other embodiments and the relationship between filter occlusion and performance of a cylindrical pleated filter of charged layer membrane filter material and filter diameter, number of filter pleats and pleat width is part of this disclosure.

Abstract: Provided is a filtration filer with which a stable opening size during filtration is obtained, and which can be easily regenerated when clogged and used repeatedly. The filtration filter (10) comprises: a substrate stack wherein substrates (11) that have a through hole that penetrates from front to back are stacked; stoppers (15) that define the spacing between the substrates (11); and pillars (16) with a larger thermal expansion coefficient than the stoppers (15). The spacing between the substrates (11) at normal temperature is defined at least by the stoppers (15), and the spacing when heated is defined by the thermally expanded pillars (16). The gaps between the substrates (11) form the filtration surface that traps contaminants contained in the liquid that is being treated A.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a semipermeable hollow fiber membrane having an outer wall surface, an inner wall surface and an interior lumen extending along the length thereof and having the selective layer on the outer wall surface with a surface roughness below 10 nm. According to the invention the membrane has the smallest pore size on the outer wall surface, and has an outer wall surface which is smooth, continuous and homogeneous in a nanoscopic scale and four to five distinct layers of different pore size and density. Further the present invention concerns a prone:is for manufacturing thereof and the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to thin film composite membranes (TFC membranes) comprising a substrate layer (S) based on a sulfonated polyphenylenesulfone, and a polyamide film layer (F) and further to a method for their preparation. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to osmosis processes, in particular to forward osmosis (FO) processes, using said membrane.

Abstract: A separation membrane including a polymer having a structural unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a water treatment device including a separation membrane, are useful for desalination.