Abstract: The use of quaternized polyvinylamine for use in clarification of water in a deinking loop of a paper, such as newspaper, recycling operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for coagulating waterborne paints in paint spray booth recirculating water. The coagulant aid comprises a polynucleate hydroxy silicate-sulphate compound (hereinafter PASS) having the following average composition of the general formula:Al(OH).sub.B (SO.sub.4).sub.C (SiO.sub.X).sub.D (H.sub.2 O).sub.Ewherein B ranges from 0.75 to 2.0; C ranges from 0.30 to 1.12; D ranges from 0.005 to 0.1; X is greater than 2.0 but less or equal to 4.0 such that3=B+2C+2D(X-2)E is 1.5 to 4 when the product is in solid form; and E is larger than 4 when the product is in aqueous form, which may optionally be used together with alum or a mixture of alum and a polyamine. The coagulant aids of this invention may also be used advantageously with detackifying agents to simultaneously detackify and coagulate solvent based paint particles.

Abstract: A method for treating and resolving a phosphorus containing oily waste emulsion is described. The treatment uses an emulsion destabilizing cationic polymer of low molecular weight in combination with filter aids to form a coacervate slurry. The coacervate slurry can be optionally treated with either high molecular weight anionic or cationic coagulents, or combination thereof. The suspended solids formed by the above treatments are removed from the slurries and wasted or discarded or incinerated. The remaining liquids may be recycled, reused, or treated as effluent meeting environmental standards.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for decolorizing an effluent stream from a pulp mill plant comprising the step of adding an effective amount of a decolorizing composition including a ferrous sulfate and a water-soluble cationic amine polymer.

Abstract: A method of treating BCTMP/CTMP wastewater to improve retention and purification of cellulose fiber suspension and clarification of the BCTMP/CTMP wastewater which comprises the addition of a cationic, water soluble coagulant having a molecular weight less than 15,000,000 in an amount of about 1 to about 300 ppm; and a high molecular weight flocculant selected from the group consisting of: nonionic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 500,000 to about 30,000,000, low charge cationic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 5,000,000 to about 30,000,000, and low charge anionic polymers having a molecular weight in the range between about 5,000,000 to about 30,000,000, in an amount of about 0.1 to about 100 ppm.

Abstract: A process for the detackification and coagulation of oversprayed water-borne and mixed water-borne and oil based paint particles in the water collection system of a paint spray booth comprising adding a unitary blend of an inorganic anion and a cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of polydiallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, a condensation product of dimethylamine plus epichlorohydrin and a condensation product of dimethylamine plus ethylene diamine plus epichlorohydrin.

Abstract: In a paint spray booth wherein water is used to collect oversprayed paint, a process for detackifying and coagulating the oversprayed paint by the addition of specific amounts of specific anions and cationic polymers blended prior to addition to the water system.

Abstract: A process for detackifying paint in a wet paint spray booth wherein water is used to wash the air containing oversprayed paint from the paint spray operation. The process comprises forming stable colloid solutions consisting of weakly electropositive metals. Additionally, to activate the metal cation, various anionic or cathionic polymers may be selected and used.

Abstract: The use as flocculants of ferric salt/water-soluble cationic polymer compositions having inorganic:polymer weight ratios of at least 5:1 is disclosed. These compositions are especially effective in low turbidity waters.

Abstract: A process for detackifying paint, lacquer or enamel in a paint spray booth in which water is used to wash the air containing oversprayed paint, lacquer or enamel particles. The process comprises adding to the wash water a sufficient amount for the purpose of a cationic organic polymer and a selective anionic organic polymer. The process is particularly adaptable to activator catalyzed treatment programs in which the inorganic anion is lost as a precipitate due to adverse conditions such as increasing wash water acidity. The substitution of an organic anionic polymer for the inorganic anion alleviates this problem.

Abstract: A method for treating emulsified oil contaminants in the wastewater effluent of industrial and food processing operations. Cationic polymers and silicate ions are found to effectively coagulate the oily particles to facilitate removal from the water.

Abstract: A method for resolving emulsions produced in preparation of pharmaceuticals by fermentation and in other such bioprocesses is disclosed. The method comprises adding an effective amount of a demulsifier to an emulsion containing fermentation product that includes a pharmaceutical which is desired to be extracted from the emulsion.

Abstract: A method of paint sludge conversion and sludge removal from a sump pit for disposal is provided which is particularly adapted for use with paint waste sludge derived from wet spray booth operations. The method involves blending with the starting sludge caustic, oil and emulsifiers. Water may be added to achieve a desired water to total solids weight ratio. The product is a pumpable liquid disperse system which is easily charged to tankers or the like for pump out from the sludge pit.

Abstract: An improved method for removing contaminants from industrial, municipal or food processing wastewater systems comprising generating amorphous precipitated magnesium silicate by separately adding aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride and sodium silicate.

Abstract: A process for demulsifying oil/water emulsions using an organic demulsifier which is added in the optimum amount by means of a controlling device for the metered addition, wherein the demulsification reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 60.degree. C. to 90.degree. C. with mixing.

Abstract: A process for detackifying and coagulating paint in a wet paint spray booth wherein water is used to wash the air containing oversprayed paint from the paint spray operation. The process comprises forming stable colloid solutions consisting of weakly electropositive metals. Additionally, to activate the metal cation, various anionic or cationic polymers may be selected and used.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for dewatering an aqueous slurry of solid coal particulates wherein a dewatering aid is added to the slurry followed by filtration thereof, preferably with vacuum augmentation. Selected quaternary ammonium dewatering aids of specific structure are disclosed.

Abstract: A process for increasing the efficiency of a primary clarifier in raw waste water clarification by reducing biological oxygen demand and suspended solids by the sequential addition upstream of the primary clarifier of: (1) a salt of a water soluble bi- or tri-valent metal and compositions or mixtures thereof, (2) fly-ash, and (3) a cationic surface active polymer composition comprising a branched, high cationic charge density containing and water soluble polymeric polyether amine solution at the primary clarifier and recovering the clarified effluent from the primary clarifier.

Abstract: A process for increasing the efficiency of a primary clarifier in raw waste water clarification by reducing biological oxygen demand and suspended solids by the sequential addition upstream of the primary clarifier of: (1) a salt of a water soluble bi- or tri-valent metal and compositions or mixtures thereof, (2) fly-ash, and (3) a cationic surface active polymer composition comprising a branched, high cationic charge density containing and water soluble polymeric polyether amine solution at the primary clarifier and recovering the clarified effluent from the primary clarifier.

Abstract: Oil is dehydrated and/or desalted by the influence of a dewatering and desalting formulation which can be characterized as an admixture of (i) a demulsifier preferably an alkylene oxide alkyl phenol-formaldehyde condensate such as a poly ethoxylated nonylphenolformaldehyde condensate and (ii) a deoiler which is usefully a polyol such as ethylene glycol or poly (ethylene glycol) of Mw ranging from 106 to 44,000 and preferably ethylene glycol.The aqueous formulation may usefully contain a cosolvent such as isopropanol.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the trihalomethane contents for precursor thereof of influent water are disclosed. The methods comprise adding to the influent water powdered activated carbon and a water soluble or water dispersible cationic polymer. The polymers are chosen from: (a) polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine with an epichlorohydrin or epoxide (b) cross-linked polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine, epichlorohydrin or epoxide, and a third reactant selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, alkylenediamines and polyamines and (c) substantially linear high molecular weight polyquaternary ammonium polymers of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,770, such as polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: A method for preventing the bulking of activated sludge, which comprises adding to the activated sludge a water-soluble cationic polymer obtained by a reaction of a dialkylamine, ammonia and epichlorohydrin, in an amount of from 0.05 to 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the dried solid content of the activated sludge.

Abstract: A method for preventing the bulking of activated sludge, which comprises adding to the activated sludge a water-soluble cationic polymer obtained by a reaction of a dialkylamine with epichlorohydrin, in an amount of from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the dried solid content of the activated sludge.

Abstract: The iron content of Bayer process streams is reduced by contacting said stream with a tertiary hydroxyl-containing polyamine.

Abstract: An improvement in the process for detackifying over-sprayed paint, lacquer or enamel entrained in the water in water wash paint spray operations comprises maintaining in the wash water a small amount of the water-soluble reaction product of a polymer of N-alkyldiallylamine hydrohalide and epihalohydrin.

Abstract: A metal scavenger is composed of an addition product of a polyamine and an epihalohydrin. The addition product contains as substituent or substituents at least one carbodithio group and/or at least one carbodithioate salt group introduced therein by substituting the corresponding number of active hydrogen atom or atoms in the addition product. Metals can be scavenged from waste water by adding the metal scavenger together with at least one of sodium monosulfide, sodium polysulfides and sodium hydrogensulfide.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for reducing organic color contamination in influent water are disclosed. The methods comprise adding to the influent water powdered activated carbon and a water soluble or water dispersible cationic polymer. The polymers are chosen from: (a) polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine with an epichlorohydrin or epoxide (b) cross-linked polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine, epichlorohydrin or epoxide, and a third reactant selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, alkylenediamines and polyamines and (c) substantially linear high molecular weight polyquaternary ammonium polymers of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,770, such as polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride. Compositions comprise a slurry comprising powdered activated carbon and at least one polymer chosen from the (a) (b) and (c) groupings and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Methods for reducing organic color contamination in influent water are disclosed. The methods comprise adding to the influent water powdered activated carbon and a water soluble or water dispersible cationic polymer. The polymers are chosen from: (a) polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine with an epichlorohydrin or epoxide (b) cross-linked polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine, epichlorohydrin or epoxide, and a third reactant selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, alkylenediamines and polyamines and (c) substantially linear high molecular weight polyquaternary ammonium polymers of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,770, such as polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride. In a particularly unique aspect of the invention, the P.A.C. component is provided in the form of a slurry comprising a polysaccharide material such as a hydroyethyl or carboxymethyl cellulose material.

Abstract: Methods for reducing the trihalomethane contents for precursor thereof of influent water are disclosed. The methods comprise adding to the influent water powdered activated carbon and a water soluble or water dispersible cationic polymer. The polymers are chosen from: (a) polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine with an epichlorohydrin or epoxide (b) cross-linked polyquaternary ammonium polymers formed from reaction of a secondary amine, epichlorohydrin or epoxide, and a third reactant selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, alkylenediamines and polyamines and (c) substantially linear high molecular weight polyquaternary ammonium polymers of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,288,770, such as polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: A method of clarifying waters having an alkalinity of at least 100 ppm, calculated as CaCO.sub.3, which comprises:a. adding thereto, to form a treated water, an effective amount for the purpose of clarifying said waters of a low-basicity polynuclear aluminum species having the formula:Al.sub.n (OH).sub.m Z.sub.3n-mwherein, n is at least 1.0Z is a halide chosen from the group chloride, bromide, iodide, and mixtures thereof, andwherein the ratio of m/n ranges between about 0.25 to about 1.0 and at least 25 mole percent of the polynuclear aluminum species above has n equal to 2.0, and then,b. allowing sufficient time to form and build a floc dispersed in the treated water, which floc contains turbidity causing components, and then,c. phase separating the floc from the treated waters to obtain clarified water.

Abstract: A nitrogen-containing prepolymer is prepared by adding an epihalohydrin, particularly epichlorohydrin, to piperazine in an amount of more than one mole of epihalohydrin per mole of piperazine, in the substantial absence of strong base.The prepolymer is reacted with polyalkylene polyamines in the absence of strong base to produce a polymeric flocculant.

Abstract: Polymers of certain quaternary ammonium salts of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine are excellent flocculants for suspended solids present in aqueous industrial wastes.

Abstract: Compositions useful for coagulating finely divided solids in turbid waters are prepared by mixing or blending together inorganic water soluble compounds such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride or ferric sulfate and water soluble organic positively charged polymeric coagulants having an average molecular weight of at least 2000 which is polydiallyl dimethylammonium chloride polymer. The compositions are especially useful for treating low turbidity waters, for example, waters having a turbidity of 20 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units).

Abstract: Paint spray booth detackification compositions and methods. The compositions comprise a water dispersible polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, a polymer formed by reaction of hexamethylene diamine and ethylene dichloride, and an amphoteric metal salt. These compositions are introduced into a paint spray booth water wash system so as to detackify oversprayed paint.

Abstract: Water-soluble aniline-formaldehyde-polyamine polymers provide excellent flocculants for low turbidity waters.

Abstract: A process for recovering bitumen from oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions is disclosed wherein water soluble demulsifiers are used. These demulsifiers are branched water-soluble quaternary ammonium-containing polymers. To resolve the bituminous petroleum emulsions, the process is carried out between 25.degree. and 160.degree. C. wherein the demulsifier of the invention is contacted with the bituminous emulsion.

Abstract: A process for recovering bitumen from oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions is disclosed wherein water soluble demulsifiers are used. These demulsifiers are cationic polymers of equal to or greater than about 2,000 molecular weight obtained by the reaction of polyalkoxydiamines with epihalohydrins. To resolve the bituminous petroleum emulsions, the process is carried out between 25.degree. and 160.degree. C. wherein the demulsifier of the invention is contacted with the bituminous emulsion.

Abstract: This invention relates to alkylated derivatives of polymerized aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds as illustrated by polymerized pyridine, quinoline and derivatives thereof; and uses thereof.These compositions are polymerized by treating said aromatic nitrogen heterocyclic compounds at elevated temperatures and pressures with catalytic amounts of alkyl halides and then alkylating the polymerized products formed.The polymers of this disclosure are useful in many areas including utility as corrosion inhibitors, water clarification, as microbiocides, in resolving emulsions and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to thiazine quaternary ammonium salts of polyepihalohydrin and the preparation and uses thereof. The compositions are ideally expressed by the polymer unit ##STR1## where Z is S, SO, or SO.sub.2, R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group,R' is a hydrocarbon groupand X is halogen.

Abstract: Oily waste emulsions which cause low turbidity in industrial waste water effluents are successfully treated with cross-linked cationic polymeric compounds synthesized by reacting phenol, substituted phenol, formaldehyde and various low molecular weight polyamines having a preferred molecular weight of at least 1500 and not exceeding a molecular weight of about 30,000. The polyamines are derived from a base catalyzed polymerization of ammonia and ethylene dichloride or by the oligomerization of ethyleneimine.

Abstract: Described herein is a process for flocculating an aqueous suspension of finely divided particles which comprises treating the suspension with an effective amount of a water-soluble graft copolymer to achieve the desired degree of flocculation of said particles, said water soluble graft copolymer being comprised of polymeric units characterized by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein n, y and z represent the relative molar equivalent fractions of each of the respective polymeric units in the graft copolymer, the sum of n, y and z being 1.0, the value of n varying from 0.00 to 0.99, the value of y varying from 0.00 to 0.99 and the value of z varying from 0.01 to 0.

Abstract: A beverage stabilization process in which unstable beverages are contacted in a haze-free condition and at ambient temperature with positive-charge modified particulates, especially in the form of filter sheets, to initiate haze formation and the thus-formed haze is thereafter removed from the beverage at ambient temperature thereby resulting in the stabilization of the beverage.

Abstract: Polyamines are prepared by first reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyol having one to eight active hydrogen sites with an epihalohydrin. The resulting polyether is, then, reacted with an amine to replace the chlorine atoms with amine functions. The polyamines hereof are useful as intermediates for preparing cationic polyelectrolytes, such as drainage aids and the like.

Abstract: An auxiliary for improving the retention of flushable solids, for accelerating the dewatering of suspensions and for more rapidly working up industrial waters, effluents and sludges by the addition of a basic water-soluble polymer being produced by reacting (a) an aliphatic polyethylene glycol ether amine and (b) a basic polyamino amide to form an intermediate product and (c) reacting said intermediate with an epihalohydrin, dihaloalkane, glyoxal-bis-acrylamide, bis-acrylamidoacetic acid, acrylamidoglycolic acid or tetraalkyloxyethane.

Abstract: A method for preventing the bulking of activated sludge, which comprises adding to the activated sludge a water-soluble cationic polymer obtained by a reaction of a dialkylamine, ammonia and epichlorohydrin, in an amount of from 0.05 to 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the dried solid content of the activated sludge.

Abstract: A method for preventing the bulking of activated sludge, which comprises adding to the activated sludge a water-soluble cationic polymer obtained by a reaction of a dialkylamine with epichlorohydrin, in an amount of from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the dried solid content of the activated sludge.