Washing With A Fluid Other Than The Prefilt Patents (Class 210/772)
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Patent number: 6254781Abstract: Ferrofluid coated particles resulting from a ferrofluid materials separation process are washed with a solvent which is the same material as the liquid carrier employed in the ferrofluid. The result is a “dirty” solvent which is a very weak ferrofluid. The dirty solvent is then filtered or centrifuged to remove dust particles and other impurities and then the solvent is recovered by distillation in a distillation unit. The solvent can then be reused in the materials reclamation process. The residue in the distillation unit is surfactant-coated particles of ferrofluid. This residue is mixed with either clean or unprocessed solvent in the right proportion and the slurry is passed through an attritor to convert it to a high grade ferrofluid. The ferrofluid can also be reused in the materials separation process.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2000Date of Patent: July 3, 2001Assignee: Ferrofluidics CorporationInventor: Kuldip Raj
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Patent number: 6190557Abstract: A spiral wound type membrane element is formed by winding independent or continuous envelope-like membranes around the peripheral surface of a water collection pipe and interposing raw water spacers between the envelope-like membranes. When running, raw water is supplied from at least the periphery side of the spiral wound type membrane element and permeate is taken out from an opening end of the water collection pipe. In back wash reverse filtration, permeate is introduced from the opening end of the water collection pipe and permeate guided out from the peripheral surface of the water collection pipe is discharged from at least the periphery side of the spiral wound type membrane element.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1997Date of Patent: February 20, 2001Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Hajimu Hisada, Yuji Nishida
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Patent number: 6177014Abstract: This disclosure sets out a method and apparatus for recovery of cesium formate in water solution after use in a drilling process where trash and other debris accumulate in the drilling fluid. It incorporates a first stage centrifuge, a second stage centrifuge and a membrane separator serially connected, and incorporates a feedback loop. A feedback loop iteratively redirects solids and heavy weight concentrate after processing and recycles it to enhance recovery by enhanced removal of cuttings and trash in the stream. In addition, cuttings and other solids removed from the fluid stream are introduced into a wash tank, mixed with water, and the cuttings are further processed to remove remnants of the cesium formate. These recovered cesium formate remnants are passed through an evaporator to regain the density loss attributable to the dilutive wash water. The cuttings can then be thrown away without throwing away the valuable cesium formate in the drilling solution.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1998Date of Patent: January 23, 2001Inventors: J. Leon Potter, Gart L. Hensley
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Patent number: 6139685Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating a pulp suspension in which the suspension is rotated in a rotationally symmetrical, rapidly rotating and permeable screen basket so that the suspension is subjected to the influence of a centrifugal force and dewatered at the same time as the suspension is conveyed by a rotating screw along the inner wall of the screen basket. The invention is characterized in that the suspension is caused to rotate by means which are arranged at the entrance to the screen basket, and in that the outer edges of the said screw bear against or are immediately adjacent to the screen basket and rotate at a higher speed than does the screen basket so that the screw scrapes the inner wall of the screen basket.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1999Date of Patent: October 31, 2000Assignee: Kvaerner Pulping ABInventor: Kuniaki Saito
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Patent number: 6129847Abstract: Magnetic powder and substrate material are separately recovered from finely chopped wastes of magnetic recording media consisting of a polymeric substrate and a magnetic layer present thereon in which finely divided magnetic powder is dispersed in crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymeric binder by treating the finely chopped wastes of magnetic recording media in a solution consisting of the potassium salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, or a biodegradable cleaning agent comprising phosphates, surfactants and a complexing agent, and one or more organic solvents or water while being subjected to mechanical action, and separately removing the magnetic powder from the substrate material by washing or sedimentation or in a magnetic separator.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1996Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: BASF Magnetics GmbHInventors: Thomas Wunsch, Karl-Heinz Sartor, Axel-Rudiger Schulze, Norbert Muller, Jochen Eicher, Oskar Stephan
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Patent number: 6077425Abstract: A medium is separated into a solids-containing component and a liquid component. The latter flows through a filter. Clogging of the filter is avoided in that the latter is moved relative to the medium perpendicularly to the flow direction of the liquid through the filter element. At the same time, the medium is agitated.Type: GrantFiled: June 3, 1999Date of Patent: June 20, 2000Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl-Heinz Kleinschroth, Johann Lisson, Klaus Blinn, Josef Sowka
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Patent number: 6063294Abstract: A uniform area shower for use with a disc filter. The disc filter includes at least one disc and moving showers that periodically remove a precoat layer of solids from the surface of the disc. In one embodiment the uniform area shower comprises a oscillating shower that is pivotly mounted and travels radially over the disc. In an alternative embodiment the uniform area shower comprises a traversing shower that mounts to a carriage and travels radially over the disc. Each shower includes a controller controlling the drive mechanism to vary the speed of transport of the shower across the surface of the disc such that time spent by the shower cleaning the disc at each radial cleaning position is generally proportional to the radial distance of the cleaning position from the center of the disc so that a wash liquid is applied to a uniform area of the interior and exterior of the disc.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1999Date of Patent: May 16, 2000Assignee: Baker Hughes IncorporatedInventors: Johan Martensson, Bal K. Seth, Donald Brown
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Patent number: 6054059Abstract: A filter for removing particles from a feed liquid. The filter includes a filtration material having a metal oxide composition selected to provide the material with an affinity for the particles of the feed liquid. The affinity of the material is dependent upon a pH of the feed liquid.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1997Date of Patent: April 25, 2000Assignee: Kinetico IncorporatedInventors: Glen E. Latimer, Jr., Harold L. Fatheringham, Jr., Paul K. T. Liu
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Patent number: 6033579Abstract: The invention covers a process for dehydration/filtration, and washing of red mud, if applicable with addition of sand, particularly from the Bayer process for aluminum production from bauxite, in which filters are used and caustic is washed out on the filter. The invention is basically characterized by washing and dehydration being effected under pressure above atmospheric with regeneration of bound caustic and production of a residue with a high solids concentration. In addition, the invention covers a plant for the implementation of the process.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1997Date of Patent: March 7, 2000Assignee: Andritz-Patentverwaltungs-Gesellschaft m.b.HInventors: Hubert Riemer, Nils Oeberg, Heinz Perchthaler, Paolo Murgia, Mario Noriega
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Patent number: 6004468Abstract: An apparatus for processing a solid-liquid material comprises a housing formed with a series of interconnected chambers defined by chamber walls with at least two drums mounted in series within the chambers. Each chamber receives one of the at least two drums for rotatable movement therein. Each chamber and the associated drum are dimensioned to define a region therebetween to retain the solid-liquid material. The regions of adjacent chambers communicate with each other to define a continuous passage from drum to drum through the apparatus. An inlet in the housing admits the solid-liquid material to the passage, and an outlet permits extraction of a processed solid-liquid material from the passage. Each drum rotates in a direction opposite to the adjacent drum to advance the solid-liquid material through the passage from drum to adjacent drum in a sinuous path such that the curvature of the solid-liquid material changes when passing from drum to adjacent drum.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 1998Date of Patent: December 21, 1999Inventors: Adrian Barbulescu, Joana Barbulescu
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Patent number: 5948276Abstract: The present invention pertains to the separation of mixtures of plastics, contaminated with, among other things, mineral heavy materials such as e.g. sand or metal refuse. Separation occurs according to density in a separating liquid in the centrifugal field of the rotating suspension. The present invention provides the connection of a hydrocyclone before a separating centrifuge. The mineral heavy materials are separated in advance in the hydrocyclone and the plastic mixture is further separated in the centrifuge. Wear on components of the separating centrifuge caused by these heavy materials can be avoided, and in some applications a second separating stage at a higher separation density can be eliminated.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1997Date of Patent: September 7, 1999Assignee: Baker Hughes (Deutschland) GmbHInventors: Jochen Neureither, Karl-Heinz Unkelbach
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Patent number: 5928522Abstract: Refinery waste feedstock is screened to remove large particles and is diluted to less than 5% solids weight percent to form a slurry. The slurry is agitated and heated to 180.degree. F. or higher for a time sufficient to melt waxy petroleum solids, reduce the viscosity of the slurry, reduce the density of petroleum fractions within the slurry, and begin to break surface adhesion of petroleum to residual fines. The conditioned slurry is passed through a first disc/bowl centrifuge which separates more than 80% of the waste volume as a first liquid effluent containing most of the petroleum fractions from the original waste and which may be returned to the refinery for processing. The residual cake is diluted with hot water to form a second slurry and is treated with an amount of hydrogen peroxide for a time sufficient to lyse and/or liberate residual petroleum bound to inert fine particles and to oxidize toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to non-toxic derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1997Date of Patent: July 27, 1999Assignee: Continuum Invironmental, Inc.Inventor: Lawrence M. Conaway
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Patent number: 5900158Abstract: A method and apparatus thickens lime mud with a disc filter in such a way that the precoat layer on the filter surfaces of the disc filter can be cleaned. Beneath the scrapers for scraping a dry layer of lime sludge from the precoat layers on the disc filter wires surfaces one or more high pressure nozzles, and optionally a low pressure nozzle, are provided for directing jets of liquid at the precoat layer and wire surface. One high pressure nozzle may remove the precoat layer while another cleans the wire surface, and the nozzles may be reciprocated (with respect to the shaft for rotating the disc filters in a trough). The high pressure jets provide liquid at a pressure of about 30-100 bar, while the low pressure jet pressure is between 2-30 bar and may be utilized continuously, or arrested when the high pressure jets are operable.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1996Date of Patent: May 4, 1999Assignee: A. Ahlstrom CorporationInventors: Pekka Ruokolainen, Juha Titoff
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Patent number: 5891347Abstract: Centrifugal filtration capable of improving recovery of crystal in a baskey. The basket is so arranged that a central axis thereof is inclined with respect to a horizontal direction to obliqely downwardly orientate a bottom wall of the basket. A crystal recovery auction pipe is arranged which includes a pivotally movable section pivotally moved in the basket, of which a distal end is advanced into crystal in the basket. Crystal in the basket is recovered by suction through the distal end of the suction pipe, which is ultimately displaced to a corner of the basket between a lowermost portion of a peripheral wall of the basket and a bottom wall thereof. This permits crystal collected to a lowermost section of the basket to be substantially recovered by suction through the suction pipe, to thereby improve crystal recovery.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: Matsumoto Machine Mfg. Co., Ltd.Inventor: Takashi Matsumoto
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Patent number: 5891343Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating ferrous ions from an iron-containing tinning electrolyte on the basis of methanesulfonic acid or phenolsulfonic acid, comprising the following steps:(a) providing a concentrated tin and iron-containing electrolyte containing 0.75 mols/l or more methanesulfonic acid phenolsulfonic acid(b) agitating and cooling the concentrated electrolyte to temperatures at which an insoluble Fe-salt preciptates(c) separating the insoluble precipitate to recover an electrolyte with a reduced iron concentration.and a recovery plant for tinning electrolytes on the basis of methanesulfonic acid or phenolsulfonic acid wherein this method is employed.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1997Date of Patent: April 6, 1999Assignee: LeaRonal GmbHInventors: Dieter Hahn, Uwe Dreibigacker
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Patent number: 5882524Abstract: A closed loop process is shown for treating oil and saline contaminated particulate materials such as drilling cuttings such as are encountered in oil and gas well bore drilling operations. The process includes at least two washing stages and three solids separation stages. A process fluid tank utilizes an auger to remove deposited solids from the process fluid while hot gases being bubbled through the tank facilitate separation and skimming of oil and hydrocarbon components from the tank surface.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Aquasol International, Inc.Inventors: Dale Storey, Kevin Lundie
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Patent number: 5882527Abstract: A process of dissolving solid waste material in packed beds comprises the addition to the packed bed of a solvent for the solid waste and a material which releases a gas on contact with the solvent which forms channels in the packed bed allowing more rapid access of the solvent to the bed.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1997Date of Patent: March 16, 1999Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Bruce J. Rubin, Carl B. Richenberg, David M. Melos
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Patent number: 5868940Abstract: Methods for on-site remediation of contaminated natural resources and fabrication of construction products therefrom. A mobile treatment facility is provided at the site of the contaminated natural resources. Contaminated sediment, soil, pulp and/or liquids are obtained from the site and processed on-site to obtain a variety of construction materials, including coarse and fine particulate material, bricks, concrete products, pellets and aggregate material. Coarse, sand-like materials are fabricated from decontaminated clay-based based materials and used in the fabrication of concrete products. Waste streams are combined to optimize their mutually neutralizing properties. Contaminants such as inorganics and heavy metals are immobilized as water-insoluble complexes in the matrix of the resulting products. Organic contaminants are volatilized and/or burned off, and thermochemical reactions of inorganic contaminants are induced, in a high-temperature irradiation treatment.Type: GrantFiled: April 2, 1996Date of Patent: February 9, 1999Inventor: Alex Gurfinkel
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Patent number: 5863439Abstract: A process for preconcentrating and separating radium from a contaminated solution containing at least water and radium includes the steps of adding a quantity of a water-soluble macrocyclic polyether to the contaminated solution to form a combined solution. An acid is added to the combined solution to form an acidic combined solution having an ?H.sup.+ ! concentration of about 0.5M. The acidic combined solution is contacted with a sulfonic acid-based strong acid cation exchange medium or a organophilic sulfonic acid medium having a plurality of binding sites thereon to bind the radium thereto and to form a radium-depleted solution. The radium-depleted solution is separated from the strong acid cation exchange medium or organophilic sulfonic acid medium. The radium remaining bound to the exchange medium or organophilic reagent is then stripped from the exchange medium or organophilic medium and the activity of the radium is measured.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1997Date of Patent: January 26, 1999Assignee: Arch Development CorporationInventors: Mark Dietz, E. Philip Horwitz, Renato Chiarizia, Richard A. Bartsch
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Patent number: 5853563Abstract: A treatment of waste petroleum (60,70) is disclosed by decoupling association of the petroleum component to contaminants by solvent treatment (92,94) of the petroleum component, followed by ultrasonic treatment (59,71), separating the contaminants by extraction with a non-solvent (44,46) for the petroleum and solvent and then separating the petroleum. The washed petroleum is then distilled to remove solvent followed by hydroseparation and centrifugation to isolate the petroleum (67). The solids can be subjected to a hot fluid treatment in a toroidal dynamic bed (50) to free up the petroleum residues in the solid particles.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1995Date of Patent: December 29, 1998Inventors: Ian Stanley Ripley, Antony Hugh Needham
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Patent number: 5840187Abstract: In a device for filtering, washing and drying a solid material-liquid mixture, using a liquid permeable filter cloth the mixture is first subjected to a pressure difference above and below the filter cloth, whereafter liquid is supplied to the mixture. The mixture present above the filter cloth is then dried according to the invention using radiation sources, the radiation from which has differing, preferably increasing, wavelengths in the processing direction. The wavelength lies in the infrared range. The applied wavelength is chosen subject to the product for filtering.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1996Date of Patent: November 24, 1998Assignee: Pannevis B. V.Inventors: Ulrich Derenthal, Karel Antoon Thissen
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Patent number: 5830359Abstract: Particles that move at low Reynolds numbers are separated from a filter material on which they are adsorbed by subjecting the filter material, in a liquid medium, to agitation of sufficient magnitude to create turbulence and shear forces acting on the filter material such that the particles become desorbed from the filter material and become suspended in the liquid medium. The method may be used to recover biological particles, such as leucocytes and blood platelets, from filter materials on which they are retained by adsorption. The recovered particles may then be used in diagnostic testing and analytical techniques.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1995Date of Patent: November 3, 1998Assignee: Knight Scientific LimitedInventors: Jan Knight, Robert Knight
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Patent number: 5811016Abstract: There are described a method of and an apparatus for removing sand from waste water loaded with sand and organic substances which is set forth in circulation in a vertical container (1) in which the organic substance moves upward to an overflow (13), while the sand sinks downward toward a discharge conveyor (3) connected to the container (1) from beneath, and is discharged after a certain settling period. To achieve a substantial separation of the sand and the organic substances, the settled sand is stirred by an agitator, with simultaneous rinsing with fresh water delivered to the container bottom region, and is discharged in an amount, which insures a predetermined minimal height of the settled sand.Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 1996Date of Patent: September 22, 1998Assignee: Noggerath Holding GmbH & Co. KG.Inventor: Franz Zierler
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Patent number: 5774816Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning a separator is disclosed. Generally, the apparatus includes a vessel connected to a well that produces an effluent. The vessel is used for separating the effluent. Also included is a discharge member which is attached within the vessel for discharging a liquid onto solids located at the bottom of the vessel, and a drain adapted for draining the solids from the bottom of the vessel. The apparatus may further include a chemical injection device, operatively associated with the discharge member, for injecting a radioactive dissolution chemical. A process for cleaning the vessel and treating the entrained solids of the effluent with the radioactive dissolution chemical is also described.Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 1996Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Inventors: Chris W. Fontenot, Karl K. Burdette
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Patent number: 5759407Abstract: A method and apparatus for waste water treatment, based on a unique combination of high gradient magnetic separation and magnetically stabilized fluidized bed technology. The method includes adding the auxiliary magnetic material to the waste water and mixing therewith, flowing the mixture through a passage, disposed within the ferromagnetic matrix, and then through the matrix. A magnetic field is generated within the matrix and passage, providing the creation within the passage a magnetically stabilized fluidized bed of auxiliary magnetic material and high gradient magnetic separation within the matrix. The magnetic field is switched off for flushing the ferromagnetic matrix.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1996Date of Patent: June 2, 1998Inventor: David Gurevitz
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Patent number: 5723050Abstract: Apparatus for centrifugal separation of liquid mixtures is disclosed including an inner circular bag and an outer annular bag which has an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the inner circular bag, a connecting channel for providing fluid communication between the inner and outer bags, and a rigid circular mount for mounting the outer annular bag for centrifugation in a manner such that the outer annular bag adopts a conical configuration by shortening its inner diameter. Methods for centrifugal separation of thrombocyte suspensions and bone marrow cells using this apparatus are also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1996Date of Patent: March 3, 1998Assignee: Omega Medicinteknik ABInventors: Peter Unger, Eric Westberg
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Patent number: 5679767Abstract: The invention is a purification process of an aliphatic polyester prepared in the presence of a catalyst from a hydroxycarboxylic acid or a cyclic ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid, or a combination of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol with an aliphatic polybasic acid, or a mixture of these compounds, comprising deactivating the catalyst while maintaining the aliphatic polyester in a molten or dissolved state, or insolubilizing and separating the catalyst and successively removing low molecular compounds; and can provide aliphatic polyester which has a low content of unreacted monomers and low molecular weight compounds and is excellent in heat resistance and weatherability.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1995Date of Patent: October 21, 1997Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Hiroshi Suizu, Masatoshi Takagi, Masanobu Ajioka, Akihiro Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 5665244Abstract: Processes for reducing the level of impurities in alumina trihydrate produced in the Bayer process are disclosed, wherein alumina trihydrate-containing process streams are flocculated with hydroxamated polymers and centrifuged.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1996Date of Patent: September 9, 1997Assignee: Cytec Technology CorporationInventors: Alan Rothenberg, Greg Flieg, Robert Cole
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Patent number: 5648435Abstract: A process of preparing multicyanate esters by: a) reacting an adduct of a tertiary amine and a phenol-formaldehyde oligomer or derivative thereof with cyanogen halide in a solvent reaction medium under conditions to form a reaction product stream containing at least one of the following compounds selected from the group consisting of tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, solvent, and impurities, and, based upon the total weight of the reaction product stream excluding the weight of said tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, from about 10 percent to about 40 percent of a multicyanate ester; b) recycling a portion of said reaction product stream into the mixture of step a; and c) separating and recovering said solvent and tertiary amine from said reaction product stream. The multicyanate ester products produced are useful as bonding agents in friction materials, molding materials, coatings, and adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: November 17, 1995Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventors: David W. H. Roth, Jr., Sajal Das
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Patent number: 5643468Abstract: A slurry is subjected to a filtration and washing process in order to separate the liquor from the solids. The filtration and washing process is carried out in a housing (101) enclosing an inert gaseous atmosphere which also passes through the filter cake and may be recycled, after treatment, to remove contaminants therefrom. To prevent recontamination of the filter cake as a result of the recycled gas entraining contaminant vapors within the housing (101), the gas is introduced into the housing (101) at a downstream location (152a, 166) relative to the direction of travel of the filter cake on a movable filter medium (100) and in such a way as to develop a contaminant concentration gradient whereby the cleanest cake is contacted by gas having the lowest contaminant level.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1995Date of Patent: July 1, 1997Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventor: Alan Macpherson Ure
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Patent number: 5634985Abstract: The invention concerns a method for control of the properties of the remaining oil layer on magnesium or magnesium alloy particles and/or other reactive metal particles produced from molten metal. The particles are cooled in a cooling oil with subsequent centrifuging and heating to remove remaining oil. A part of the oil layer on the particles is replaced with a lighter oil, preferably during centrifuging. The oil can be supplied as a spray. The light oil is supplied in an amount of 0.5-10 weight %. The light oil used should have a viscosity <5 cP at 25.degree. C. and a flashpoint <100.degree. C. Preferably it is used oils having a viscosity <2.5 cP and a flash point between 30.degree. and 75.degree. C. It is preferred to use dearomatized oil.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1995Date of Patent: June 3, 1997Assignee: Norsk Hydro a.sInventor: Surendra K. Saxena
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Patent number: 5628912Abstract: A method and apparatus for efficiently separating solids from liquid/solid slurries are disclosed. The slurry to be separated is retainably placed within a container having one or more lift paddles secured within its inner cavity. The container is supported for rotation about an axis and has drive means for slowly rotating the container. As the container rotates, the lift paddles lift a portion of the retained slurry, allowing the liquid portion to fall back into the primary slurry pool to be separated, and lifting the solids toward the top of the rotation path of the paddles. The separated solids slide by gravity off of the lift paddles as they approach the top of their rotation paths and into a collection hopper and transport means that carry them away from the container. The liquids returned to the primary retained slurry within the container assist in washing the slurry for facilitating solids separation without required increase in the retained slurry volume.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1994Date of Patent: May 13, 1997Assignee: NTH, Inc.Inventor: Clinton A. Nesseth
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Patent number: 5607598Abstract: Red mud bauxite residue produced in the Bayer Process is treated in a plurality of centrifuges and repulp tanks to successively wash and dewater the red mud. A final centrate liquor is obtained in a first upstream centrifuge stage which is rich in alumina and caustic values for respective recovery and reuse. The concentrated red mud cake produced in the final downstream washing/centrifuge step is low in caustic and alumina concentration permitting environmentally friendly disposal. The concentrated red mud cake is reslurried and mixed with bauxite sand for disposal in a dry stacking impoundment area.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1995Date of Patent: March 4, 1997Assignee: Ormet CorporationInventor: Gerald M. Williams
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Patent number: 5602187Abstract: A process for removing contaminants from material containing polyethylene terephthalate ("PET") which has been embrittled by mixing material containing PET with ethanediol having a temperature at or about the boiling point of ethanediol for a predetermined period of time, the process including the steps of:(a) transesterifying the PET by reacting ethanediol having a temperature at or about the boiling point of ethanediol with the PET for a predetermined period of time to form a solution containing soluble short chain PET polymers and/or his (hydroxy ethyl) terephthalate ester ("BHT");(b) recovering short chain PET polymers and/or BHT and ethanediol; and(c) hydrolysing the recovered short chain PET polymers and/or BHT at elevated pressure and temperature for a predetermined period of time to form an ethanediol solution and crystals of terephthalic acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 1, 1996Date of Patent: February 11, 1997Assignee: Swig Pty Ltd.Inventor: Simon M. West
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Patent number: 5565110Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the operation of a vacuum drum filter. A hollow and perforated shower roll is located at the top of a vacuum drum apparatus for drying and cleaning paper pulp. The interior of the shower roll is provided with a liquid distribution pipe having a plurality of spaced openings therealong, the pipe also having a substantially vertically extending dam which extends radially to adjacent the lower interior surface of the shower roll. In operation, rotation of the vacuum drum in a vat of paper pulp to be dewatered results in the continuous formation of layer of pulp on its exterior surface, the layer being compressed by the shower roll at the nip between the vacuum roll and the shower roll. Concurrently, the shower roll discharges or exudes water onto and into the pulp layer at the nip.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1995Date of Patent: October 15, 1996Assignee: International PaperInventors: C. Lamar Brady, Gary E. Keller
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Patent number: 5551987Abstract: Process for the biological treatment of mud and oily residues obtained from he processing or extraction of crude oil. This process can be applied to mud alone, its mixtures and to suitable combinations of mud and oily emulsions.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1994Date of Patent: September 3, 1996Assignee: Ministero Dell `Universita` E Della Ricerca Scientifica E TecnologicaInventors: Ezio D'Addario, Eugenio Fascetti, Alberto Patricelli, Giulio Prosperi, Andrea Robertiello
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Patent number: 5527469Abstract: A titanium oxide hydrolysate slurry prepared by the sulfate process is treated with either an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal carbonate to solubilize the sulfur bound to the titanium at a temperature of from 60.degree. C. to 120.degree. C. and the slurry is treated with an organic acid to remove the alkali metal compounds present. This process produces titanium oxide hydrolysate of high purity.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1995Date of Patent: June 18, 1996Inventors: Earl R. Lawhorne, Woodford R. Brown, Jr.
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Patent number: 5504121Abstract: A process for removing contaminants from PET components by depolymerising poly ethylene terephthalate ("PET") comprising transesterifying material containing PET by reacting ethanediol having a temperature at or about the boiling point of ethanediol with the material for a predetermined period of time to form a solution containing soluble short chain PET polymers and/or bis (hydroxy ethyl) terephthalate ester ("BHT"); recovering short chain PET polymers and/or BHT and ethanediol; and hydrolysing the recovered short chain PET polymers and/or BHT at elevated pressure and temperature for a predetermined period of time to form an ethanediol solution and crystals of terephthalic acid.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1994Date of Patent: April 2, 1996Assignee: SWIG Pty Ltd.Inventor: Simon M. West
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Patent number: 5504186Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of preparing multicyanate esters by: a) reacting an adduct of a tertiary amine and a phenol-formaldehyde oligomer or derivative thereof with cyanogen halide in a solvent reaction medium under conditions to form a reaction product stream containing at least one of the following compounds selected from the group consisting of tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, solvent, and impurities, and, based upon the total weight of the reaction product stream excluding the weight of said tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, from about 10 percent to about 40 percent of a multicyanate ester; b) recycling a portion of said reaction product stream into the mixture of step a; and c) separating and recovering said solvent and tertiary amine from said reaction product stream.The multicyanate ester products produced according to the present invention are useful as bonding agents in friction materials, molding materials, coatings, and adhesives.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: April 2, 1996Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventors: David W. H. Roth, Jr., Sajal Das
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Patent number: 5496923Abstract: A purification process of an aliphatic polyester prepared in the presence of a catalyst from a hydroxycarboxylic acid or a cyclic ester of a hydroxycarboxylic acid, or a combination of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol with an aliphatic polybasic acid, or a mixture of these compounds, comprising deactivating the catalyst while maintaining the aliphatic polyester in a molten or dissolved state, or insolubilizing and separating the catalyst and successively removing low molecular compounds. The process can provide aliphatic polyester which has a low content of unreacted monomers and low molecular weight compounds and is excellent in heat resistance and weatherability.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1994Date of Patent: March 5, 1996Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Hiroshi Suizu, Masatoshi Takagi, Masanobu Ajioka, Akihiro Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 5482627Abstract: A method of separating solid particles from a mixture of solid and liquid components comprises filtering the mixture to provide a damp filter cake and adding a liquid densification aid to the filter cake to promote densification of the cake. The method is useful for separation of inorganic, generally crystalline, materials from aqueous slurries, for example. Suitable densification aids are flocculating agents such as solutions of alginates and gelatin, and surface active agents. The densification aids promote closer packing of solid particles in the filter cake and assist removal of residual liquid component trapped in interstices between particles.Type: GrantFiled: August 31, 1993Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignee: D & C LimitedInventor: Henri G. W. Pierson
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Patent number: 5480566Abstract: An oil sands separator includes a drum (10) having a solids discharge end (24) and a liquid discharge end (22) and a spiral ribbon (14) having a plurality of flights wound inside the interior of the drum. A first plate (28) partially closes the solids discharge end and has a first opening (32) disposed within it. A second plate (26) partially closes the liquid discharge end and has a second opening (30) disposed within it. A conveyor (46) is provided at the liquid discharge end for conveying feed into the drum through the second opening and into the spiral ribbon. A pipe (50) at the solids discharge end conveys hot water into the drum through the first opening. Pockets (40) at the solids discharge end remove solids from the drum as a drive rotates the drum and its spiral ribbon.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1993Date of Patent: January 2, 1996Assignee: Bitmin CorporationInventor: William L. Strand
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Patent number: 5422019Abstract: Water-based industrial cleaning solutions are stripped of mixed oil and high density particulate (dirt) contamination by a full or partial flow system through, first, a centrifugal separator to produce two effluent flow streams respective to low and high density contamination. Each centrifugal separator effluent stream is conducted to and through respective gravimetric separators producing three effluent streams each. The two purified cleaning solution streams are combined for recycling. The two oil effluent streams are combined for disposal. The two particulate dominated streams are combined for screen or matrix filtration.A small side stream such as effluent from the screen or filter is treated with ozone for bacterial control prior to recombination.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1994Date of Patent: June 6, 1995Inventor: Lyle Carman
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Patent number: 5402894Abstract: A process for improving the efficiency of coal dewatering and deashing uses complexing agents such as sodium gluconate in alkaline solution to form soluble compounds with cations such as Al.sup.+3, Fe.sup.+3, Mg.sup.+2, and Ca.sup.+2. The formation of such compounds reduces the adsorption and/or desorbs clay slimes from the coal surface.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1993Date of Patent: April 4, 1995Assignee: Chemical Dewatering Technology, Inc.Inventor: Mary A. Winterhoff
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Patent number: 5395603Abstract: Maximum throughput of a wet process phosphoric acid plant at a fixed recovery can be obtained by controlling the filter feed to give a desired specific gravity of the filtrate from the last washing of the gypsum cake. The filtrate from the last washing of the gypsum cake also is called the first pass filtrate. The specific gravity of this first pass filtrate provides an indication of the overall filter efficiency and the loss of water-soluble phosphoric acid to the gypsum waste stream. The specific gravity of the first pass filtrate is controlled by adjusting the rate at which product slurry from the attack tank is fed to the filter. This product slurry feed rate is affected by the mechanical performance of the filter and the filterability of the gypsum crystals, which, in turn, is affected by operating conditions in the attack tank. Therefore, the feed rates of phosphate rock, sulfuric acid, and water, are controlled to produce the desired attack tank operating conditions and to maintain attack tank level.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1993Date of Patent: March 7, 1995Assignee: IMC Fertilizer, Inc.Inventor: Stephen W. Hilakos
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Patent number: 5378375Abstract: A washing apparatus for washing solid fractions such as screenings or grit derived from a sewage treatment plant and contaminated with fecal material, such as fecal solids, includes a tank (11/111) for receiving aqueous liquid and the contaminated solid fractions, and mechanisms (23, 26, 126) for generating turbulence of the aqueous liquid in the tank to break-down the fecal contaminants. The method of washing screenings includes adding aqueous liquid and screenings contaminated with fecal material to a tank, subjecting the liquid containing contaminated screenings to turbulence to break down the fecal material and adding further liquid alone or containing screenings to the tank such that screenings and aqueous liquid containing finely divided fecal material flow from the tank over a weir or the like for dewatering and compaction of the screenings.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1993Date of Patent: January 3, 1995Assignee: Jones & Attwood LimitedInventor: John C. Bache
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Patent number: 5366627Abstract: A thorough wash operation of a process fluid is conducted within the confines of an enclosed housing. The housing includes four ports at one side of the housing for transmission of process fluids through a plurality of press frames so as to (1) separate solids from a principal liquid to recover a valuable commodity in the solid cakes formed from the principal liquid, or (2) remove contaminants from the principal liquid so as to recover a cleansed principal liquid, or (3) introduce a valuable commodity into a wash liquid from filter cakes formed from the principal liquid, which valuable commodity may subsequently be removed from the wash liquid. A drip pan hopper is removably secured to a bottom of the housing.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1993Date of Patent: November 22, 1994Assignee: Stavo Industries, Inc.Inventors: William P. Kearney, George T. Quigley
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Patent number: 5344574Abstract: The separation of oil from filter cake, such as a transformer filter cake, is achieved by contact mixing filter cake with protein additives in water for a sufficient time for substantially all the oil to be displaced from the filter cake, flushing displaced oil and filter medium with water in a separating device and collecting the oil and the filter medium separately. The separation occurs with little or no remediation of the oil taking place so that both the oil and the filter medium can be reused.Type: GrantFiled: May 28, 1993Date of Patent: September 6, 1994Inventors: Frank C. Hume, Alan A. Downie
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Patent number: 5328518Abstract: Disclosed is a process for separating components of liquids in industrial processes for cleaning of articles. The process is directed toward a terpene-based cleaning system including washing and rinsing of contaminated articles and which further includes separating components of used wash and/or rinse solutions into component parts so that terpene components of the solutions can be recycled for further washing and the water component of the solutions can be purified and recycled for rinsing. The method can include filtering a stream directly from the wash solution to avoid fouling of the filter. The method also includes using a cross flow filter having a pore size of between about 50 .ANG. and about 7,500 .ANG. to effectively separate water from remaining components of the contaminated wash solution.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 1992Date of Patent: July 12, 1994Assignee: Golden Technologies Company, Inc.Inventors: C. Richard Hamilton, Eric L. Sweeney
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Patent number: 5306433Abstract: An improved solvent dewaxing process in which a method and apparatus for continuous hot wash of a dewaxing filter is disclosed. A hot wash solvent is continuously sprayed below the doctor blade followed by a cold solvent spray below the hot solvent spray. Additionally, a solvent management process for changing the proportions of the solvent in response to different viscosity feedstocks thereby increasing filtration efficiency is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1992Date of Patent: April 26, 1994Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventor: Lyle A. Leach