Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale formation and deposition from a feed stream passing through a membrane system is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) controlling the pH of said feed stream within the range between about 7.0 and about 8.2; (b) optionally controlling the temperature of said feed stream within the range between about 5° C. to about 40° C. when the membrane system is an RO system, a NF system, an ED system, an EDI system or a combination thereof; (c) optionally controlling the temperature of said feed stream within the range between about 40° C. and about 80° C. when the membrane system is an MD system; and (d) adding an effective amount of a scale inhibitor to said feed stream, said scale inhibitor comprises an AA-AMPS copolymer.

Abstract: A liquid supply system includes a container containing a liquid, a tank coupled to the container to receive the liquid from the container, and a dispensing mechanism coupled to the tank to receive the liquid to be dispensed. The dispensing mechanism comprises a filter configured to filter the liquid before dispensing. The filter comprises a first gas collection space configured to collect gas accompanying the liquid. The tank is controllably coupled to the first gas collection space of the filter to vent the collected gas from the filter to the tank.

Abstract: A multi-step press apparatus for sludge dewatering and waste water filtration comprising: a tank, an inflatable membrane, a level sensor, and a nozzle assembly.

Abstract: The invention concerns a pump cart for a biological liquid treatment installation, having a first lateral face (40), and a second lateral face (41) by which it is configured to be juxtaposed against a conveying network cart (1) of the installation and a front face (42) meeting the lateral faces (40, 41), and comprising at least one pump (414), a pump support (50) on which is mounted said pump (414), and a guide member for making said pump (414) movable in translation and on which said support (50) is mounted; said support (50) being movable in translation in a direction going from the first lateral face (40) towards the second lateral face (41); whereby said pump (414) is disposed at a predetermined location on said cart (2) depending on the type of treatment carried out.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to early detection of low bicarbonate level. In certain aspects, a method includes receiving a first signal from a conductivity detector connected to a line through which a solution of salt concentrate and fluid flows and determining a first conductivity of the solution based on the first signal. The method also includes receiving a second signal from the conductivity detector at a time after receiving the first signal, determining a second conductivity of the solution based on the second signal, and determining whether the second conductivity is less than the first conductivity by at least a threshold amount.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis sub-sea desalination system is disclosed. The reverse osmosis system may include a reverse osmosis station configured to generate fresh water from salty water, a storage tank configured to store fresh water downstream of the reverse osmosis station, and a pump fluidly connected to the reverse osmosis station and the storage tank. The reverse osmosis station, the storage tank, and the pump may be disposed at one or more depths beneath a surface of a body of salty water.

Abstract: The present invention is a wastewater treatment system utilizing a recirculating filter system comprising sand, gravel, or synthetic media. Septic effluent is continuously, or approximately continuously, dosed under pressure to the treatment media through pressure compensating drip irrigation emitters. The system comprises a commonly known septic tank and recirculation tank. Septic tank effluent is collected in the recirculation tank, from which it is continually dosed by means of a pump to the top of the treatment media of the recirculating filter through pressure compensating drip emitters. Continuous dosing of diluted residential septic tank effluent through drip irrigation emitters provides a slow consistent application of liquid rich in organic material and pathogens over the treatment media. The treated effluent is then recirculated if water is low or went to final disposal.

Abstract: A centralized supply system for electrolyzed oxidizing water comprises a water softener (1), several parallel electrolyzed oxidizing water generators (2) connected, liquid storage tanks (3, 4) and delivery pumps (5, 6). A central controller (10) implements independent control over the several parallel electrolyzed oxidizing water generators (2). Liquid level sensors (9) are mounted in the liquid storage tanks (3, 4) and are connected with the central controller (10) via data collection cables (12). With the detection, determination and calculation for the liquid level signal in the liquid storage tanks (3, 4) using the central controller (10), the volume magnitude and the rate of change of the volume for the liquid in the liquid storage tanks (3, 4) can be exactly obtained in time. The electrolyzed oxidizing water generators (2) are effectively controlled based on above data. An intelligent control method for the system is also provided.

Abstract: A filter (1) to purify the water distributed by a dispenser, fitted with a special sanitizing device incorporated therein. Inside of the said filter (1), below the water chamber (3), is a disinfectant chamber (4) that contains the solution designed to sanitize the said dispenser. A mechanism causes the sanitizing solution to flow into the water chamber (3) of the filter (1) and into the piping, for performing the subsequent sanitizing action.

Abstract: A method and system for treatment of flow-back and produced water from a hydrocarbon well in which fracturing operations are carried out using a phase separation and creating of positive charge in the water.

Abstract: An apparatus for a programmable self sanitizing water dispenser apparatus with a digital controller as well as a programmable method for generating ozone for cleaning the reservoir and the water contained within it. The apparatus includes an anti-spill receiver that houses the controller and that can contain a ozone generator.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for controlling the thickness of a flowing, laminar fluid film. The film flow may be gravity-induced or the result of an alternative force. The fluid is deposited on an upper end of a flow surface where a relatively thick layer of the film forms. The film flows over a fluid dispersal region where the surface area is rapidly expanding, which results in rapid thinning of the film thickness. The fluid then flows over an active region where the surface area is designed to control the fluid film thickness. For example, in some applications, it may be desirable to maintain an approximately constant film thickness as the fluid flows over the active region of the surface. The geometry of the flow surface is used to obtain the desired control over the fluid film thickness. The flow surface is the outer surface of a solid with a closed upper end and a lower end that may be open or closed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid filter (1) comprising a collecting chamber (10) for a liquid which is separated from the fluid, in addition to a filter insert (4) which comprises a filter medium which is permeable to the fluid. The collecting chamber is arranged below the filter medium (5), and a liquid sensor (19) is arranged above the deepest point of the collecting chamber (10) and the liquid sensor (19) is protected from the liquid, at least sectionally, by means of a protective wall (18, 20). Said protective wall (18, 20) extends laterally and/or below the liquid sensor (19) and a liquid permeable connection is provided from the collecting chamber (10) to the fluid sensor (19).

Abstract: A method for fluid treatment that provides variable or alternative regeneration cycles within the same fluid treatment device. The duration of all stages of the regeneration cycle can be adjusted depending upon the amount of fluid treated so that regenerant resources such as water are not underutilized and waste is not discharged unnecessarily into the environment.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a system and method for processing fluid captured from a vehicle surface to provide a desired fluid product. The system includes sensors and control circuitry to determine system fluid volume levels and/or the ambient temperature of the system to safeguard the system against non-requested activation or deactivation.

Abstract: Provided is a gravitational settling tank capable of detecting a boundary surface of a solids-enriched fluid. A pressure vessel 11 is provided with a multipoint temperature sensor 18 including two or more thermocouples 17 to measure the temperature of an internal fluid in the pressure vessel 11. Two or more temperature measuring junctions 17a of the thermocouples 17 are arranged in the pressure vessel 11 so as to be immersed in the internal fluid and positioned at different heights from one another. The boundary surface of the solids-enriched fluid is detected based on the temperature distribution of the internal fluid in the pressure vessel 11, where the temperature distribution is determined with the multipoint temperature sensor 18.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating fluid in a main reservoir includes an auxiliary reservoir and filter located outside the main reservoir. Ozonated air bubbles are injected by a diffuser into a lift tube containing fluid from the main reservoir. The fluid flows up the lift tube and into the auxiliary reservoir due to the expansion of the ozonated air bubbles as they go up the lift tube. Fluid flow to and from the main reservoir is via conduits normally used to connect the main reservoir to a conventional high pressure water pump and filter, with check valves added to prevent backflow to/from the auxiliary reservoir and lift tube when the water pump is on. When the water pump is off, the fluid is caused to pass through the auxiliary reservoir and filter and back into the main reservoir as a result of the flow of ozonated air in the lift tube.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for automatically adjusting the operational parameters of a blood separation procedure. A blood separation device has an inlet for passing fluid thereinto and an outlet for removing fluid therefrom. A pump system is provided for moving fluid into and out of the device. In use, blood is conveyed into the device, where platelets are separated from at least a portion of the blood. A controller determines the amount of platelets in the device. Based at least in part on the amount of platelets in the device, corrective action is taken to avoid platelet aggregation in the device. The corrective action may be conveying an elevated amount of anticoagulant into the blood and/or the device and may be initiated when the determined amount of platelets approaches, meets, or exceeds a threshold predicted likelihood of platelet aggregation.

Abstract: Provided are filtration systems that can be referred to as Pneumatic Alternating Cell Separator (PACS), useful components thereof in the form of assemblies or kits of parts that can be used to build the system, and use of the system for filtering fluids, for instance, in cell culture perfusion systems comprising a filter-containing chamber, an expansion chamber and a gas flow controller.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating a liquid containing impurities may include a filtering chamber configured to permit granular media to interact with liquid containing impurities, thereby removing impurities from the liquid to produce filtrate; a filtrate section for receiving the filtrate; a gas supplying system for delivering gas to the granular media in the filtering chamber for transport of a portion of the granular media to a granular media washer; a reject section in fluid communication with the granular media washer for receiving a reject mixture comprising liquid and impurities from the granular media washer; and a control unit that is configured to determine whether the portion of the granular media is being transported properly based on an amount of reject mixture in the reject section.

Abstract: A method of assessing biofilm thickness in a membrane supported biofilm reactor (MSBR) of the type comprising a lumen containing a gas phase, a liquid phase, and a gas permeable membrane providing an interface between the gas and liquid phases, the method comprising the steps of charging the lumen with an inert gas, closing the lumen to establish an initial elevated pressure in the lumen, measuring the rate of change of pressure within the lumen, and correlating the rate of change of pressure (dP/dt) with biofilm thickness. The step of correlating dP/dt with biofilm thickness involves correlating dP/dt with the rate of diffusion of the inert gas (dn/dt), correlating dn/dt with an overall mass transfer coefficient (K), correlating K with the mass transfer coefficient of the biofilm (ICB), and correlating k? with the biofilm thickness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of wastewater treatment that rely primarily on the use of water treatment chemicals to clean wastewater without the need to use filtration mechanisms. The present invention generally provides a system that is less complex and less expensive to operate than wastewater treatment systems in the prior art.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for separating mixed organic waste material into liquid and solid components. The apparatus may include an inlet pipe having openings at a bottom portion and top portion thereof; a front plate having an opening, wherein the front plate is connected to the inlet pipe at the inlet pipe opening, such that the front plate opening and inlet pipe opening align; a drum strainer capable of rotational and linear movement; a spindle assembly operatively connected to the drum strainer, wherein the spindle assembly facilitates rotational and linear movement of the drum strainer; a scraper plate fixed to an end portion of a shaft of the spindle assembly; a shroud connected to the spindle assembly, wherein the shroud is spaced apart from and substantially covers the exterior surface of the drum strainer; and wherein the drum strainer is positioned between the front plate and scraper plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an upstream ozone contact tank for removing residual ozone. The upstream ozone contact tank includes an inlet through which purified raw water flows, at least one contact chamber, at least one reaction chamber, an upstream contact chamber, and an outlet that discharges ozone-treated raw water. Especially, the invention provides an upstream contact chamber between the reaction chamber and outlet, wherein the upstream contact chamber includes carbonaceous filter media mounted on a porous plate. An openable gate unit is installed at the lower part of a panel partitioning a final reaction chamber and the upstream contact chamber and controls flow rate. Additionally, the invention enables upstream flow of the raw water flowing into the upstream contact chamber from the final reaction chamber so that the raw water may pass through the carbonaceous filter media upwardly.

Abstract: A reservoir for use with a blood collection system includes a housing defining a cavity and a single stage filter. The housing has an inlet for receiving fluid from a source and an outlet. The inlet is in fluid communication with the cavity. The single stage filter includes a filter membrane configured to filter the fluid entering the housing from the inlet, and a frame defining the structure of the single stage filter. The frame also supports the filter membrane within the housing, and has a wiper edge that seals against an inner wall of the housing.

Abstract: A machine-readable medium with instructions for pumping blood from a patient's blood stream into an access line, introducing an anticoagulant solution into the pumped blood, filtering the pumped blood and delivering it to a return line, introducing a substitution fluid into the pumped blood, introducing a calcium and magnesium solution into the blood traveling through the return line, and returning the blood back to the patient's blood stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of providing at least one concentrate of at least one dissolved substance for producing at least one dialysis solution, with the method comprising the following steps: providing at least one container containing at least one solid to be dissolved; supplying water into the container for dissolving the solid; draining the concentrate of the dissolved substance from the container and topping up with water; measuring the concentration of the dissolved substance or of a parameter correlated with the concentration; and temporary or permanent suppression of the topping up of water into the container when the measured concentration value of the dissolved substance falls below a first limit value or the value of the parameter falls below or exceeds a first limit value or when the change in the concentration value of the dissolved substance or of the value of the parameter exceeds a first limit value.

Abstract: An indicator for the status of the filter is provided. The indicator comprises at least one erodable member in contact with the source fluid and a visual indication arrangement that permits a viewer to gauge the appearance of the erodable member to thereby gauge the filter status. The erodable member is eroded by interaction with the fluid or with an element within the fluid. The indicator may be incorporated as an integral component of a filter or may be a stand-alone device to be incorporated into a filter or filtration system.

Abstract: In a regenerative dialysis system, in a method for controlling a regenerative dialysis system, and in a controller for a regenerative dialysis system, an embodiment of the system comprises an input pump that pumps fresh dialysate fluid into a dialyzer at an input rate. An output pump pumps used dialysate fluid from the dialyzer at an output rate. An ultrafiltration rate of the system is related to the output rate relative to the input rate. A sorbent cartridge filters the used dialysate fluid to generate the fresh dialysate fluid. A controller controls the ultrafiltration rate of the system in response to a flow rate of the dialysate fluid through the sorbent cartridge.

Abstract: Methods and systems for monitoring fluid levels and electrolyte levels used in a dialysis machine. A receptacle, configured to receive a container, comprises a plurality of curved side panels and a base to form a cylindrical shaped cavity for receiving a container. Each panel includes a conductive material on its inner surface and, optionally, a shielding on its outer surface. An electronics component housed within, or near, the receptacle drives the capacitive process and interprets generated data to determine fluid levels and compositions. An alternate receptacle includes one or two coils wrapped about the container and uses induction to determine fluid level.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating a vehicle including an engine and a fuel system. In one embodiment, a water drainage system for a fuel system comprises a fuel tank, a fuel-water separator in fluid communication with the fuel tank, and a purge tank in fluid communication with the fuel-water separator and the fuel tank, the purge tank separate from the fuel tank. The water drainage system further includes a fuel property sensor for detecting a presence of water and a purge line in fluid communication with the purge tank for removing fluid from the purge tank, a flow of the fluid from the purge tank controlled by a check valve.

Abstract: A wastewater geothermal heat system is supplied with processed wastewater through a drip field in proximity to a thermal array part of a geothermal heat pump system. The wastewater treatment system portion provides a periodic source of treated wastewater. Several sensors and a control system regulate a pump that discharges wastewater from the treatment system and enters a drip field where it is released into the surrounding soil. The dampened soil provides an efficient vehicle to transfer heat into or out of a thermal array which is positioned adjacent to the drip field such that it is in contact with the soil that is dampened by the discharged wastewater.

Abstract: A hot-water supply system includes a switching valve (35) which has a bypass circuit which bypasses the water softening device (30) by directly connecting the water supply pipe (P1) and the inlet pipe (P3) of a hot-water supply device to each other, and a control unit (50). The control unit (50) includes a switching valve drive circuit which switches the switching valve (35) to the mode in which water is supplied from the water supply pipe (P1) to the hot-water supply device (1) via the bypass circuit, based on the determination of the timing of salt replenishment, and a display drive circuit which displays intention, in which salt replenishment is needed, on a display portion (51) of a remote controller (RC).

Abstract: A cutting fluid filtration device attached to a machine tool has the function of backwashing a filter for filtering impurities in a cutting fluid when the filter is clogged. Whether or not the filter is clogged is determined by integrating the time during which the liquid level of the cutting fluid in a clean fluid tank falls below a lower-limit position by means of a sensor configured to detect the height of the liquid level of the cutting fluid. When a preset reference value is exceeded by the resulting integrated value, it is determined that the filter is clogged.

Abstract: A separator and method for separating a heterogeneous supply into a liquid and a solid material. The separator includes a casing in which the supply can collect, and which has an inlet for receiving the supply and an outlet for conveying the supply. The separator also includes a screen which rotates relative to the casing. The screen has perforated sections having a plurality of perforations which permit passage of the liquid. The screen allows for the accumulation of the supply within it, which rises to a level corresponding to a supply height. As this supply height, a screening pressure acts against the perforated sections so as to compact the solid material against the perforations while the liquid passes therethrough. A suction unit sucks the compacted solid material from the perforations, and is disposed higher than the supply height. A supply level regulator regulates the level of the supply within the screen.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for preparing a body fluid for a bacteriological analysis thereof comprising a container provided with a chamber (4) wherein a piston (5) is mobile between an opening position and a closing position, the chamber (4) including a separation zone (7) and means for introducing (15, 16) a fluid into said chamber and the piston (5) including a closure means (8) co-operating with the separation zone (7) so as to define an upper volume (9) and a lower volume (10) on either side of said zone, the upper volume (9) and the lower volume (10) mutually communicating when the piston (5) is in opening position and being tightly isolated from each other when the piston (5) is in closing position. The invention also concerns a preparation method using such a device (1).

Abstract: A water distribution system configured for control by a remote control system is disclosed comprising of a water filtration unit for filtering water and a water storage unit for storing the filtered water and including a water dispenser. A control unit is provided that is configured to control the operation of the water filtration unit and includes a sensor system to measure the quality and the quantity of the water filtered, and to monitor the functioning of one or more components of the water filtration unit. A point of sale device is also provided comprising of a service management device mounted on the water dispenser and is configured to control the operation of the water dispenser and a user interface to receive user inputs and is configured to process user payments for the dispensing of water at the remote control system.

Abstract: A liquid transfer device having a housing with a top end, a bottom end, a sidewall, and an inner cavity. The sidewall has an inner surface and an outer surface. There is a plurality of openings traversing said sidewall. Also present is a filtering surface that covers the openings. The water or other liquids are pumped or transferred with a pump contained inside the inner cavity, with a fluid exit used for carrying the water out towards exterior hosing.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating a liquid containing impurities may include a filtering chamber configured to permit granular media to interact with liquid containing impurities, thereby removing impurities from the liquid to produce filtrate; a filtrate section for receiving the filtrate; a gas supplying system for delivering gas to the granular media in the filtering chamber for transport of a portion of the granular media to a granular media washer; a reject section in fluid communication with the granular media washer for receiving a reject mixture comprising liquid and impurities from the granular media washer; and a control unit that is configured to determine whether the portion of the granular media is being transported properly based on an amount of reject mixture in the reject section.

Abstract: A method to determine a type of blood circuit attached to an extracorporeal blood treatment console including: pumping a liquid through a blood passage of the blood circuit, sensing a first pressure in: the blood passage while the passage is closed and pumping stopped, pumping an additional amount of the liquid into the blood passage while the blood passage is and remains closed and thereafter sensing a second pressure, and determine a dimensional characteristic of a fluid passage in the blood passage based on the additional amount of the liquid and the second pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for a programmable self sanitizing water dispenser apparatus with a digital controller as well as a programmable method for generating ozone for cleaning the reservoir and the water contained within it. The apparatus includes an anti-spill receiver that houses the controller and that can contain a ozone generator.

Abstract: A system and a method for treating water, the system comprising a first conduit having an inlet and an outlet with an ozone generator situated thereon, the ozone generator being operative to selectively treat water flowing through the conduit with the ozone, a sensor to measure the oxidation reduction potential of water, the sensor being operatively connected to the ozone generator, a holding tank situated at the outlet of the first conduit, the holding tank having a gas outlet conduit and a gas release valve, a second conduit extending from the holding tank, and an activated carbon filter on the second conduit.

Abstract: A liquid transfer device having a housing with a top end, a bottom end, a sidewall, and an inner cavity. The sidewall has an inner surface and an outer surface. There is a plurality of openings traversing said sidewall. Also present is a filtering surface that covers the openings. The water or other liquids are pumped or transferred with a pump contained inside the inner cavity, with a fluid exit used for carrying the water out towards exterior hosing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to remove water content in organic solvents characterized in that it comprises treatment tank 10 to which organic solvent is introduced, solvent inlet section 1 that introduces the organic solvent, solvent outlet section 2 from which the treated organic solvent is discharged, inert gas inlet section 3 from which inert gas is introduced, treatment gas outlet section 4 from which gas is discharged, cooling treatment tank 20 in which the treatment gas is cooled and the gas and liquid are separated, treatment gas inlet section 5 from which the treatment gas is introduced, recovered liquid outlet section 6 from which the separated liquid organic solvent is discharged, and waste gas outlet section 7 from which the separated gas is discharged, and that the water content in the organic solvent is removed by having the inert gas flow over the entire liquid surface of the organic solvent inside treatment tank 10.

Abstract: A septic tank monitoring system is disclosed. The system can include a septic tank gauge having a float disposed within a housing, the housing having a first magnetic switch and a second magnetic switch, the float having a magnet adapted to activate the first magnetic switch when the float is at a first level and to active the second magnetic switch when the float is at a second level. The system can also include a controller adapted to receive a signal from each of the first magnetic switch and the second magnetic switch, and to activate an auto-dialer in response to a signal from the first magnetic switch, and to activate a water supply shut off valve in response to a signal from the second magnetic switch.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for level control in a fluid purification apparatus. The apparatuses and methods include a fluid purification apparatus and a level sensor that regulates operation of the fluid purification apparatus. The level sensor may further operate a bypass valve or a heater.

Abstract: Apparatus (200) for the application of topical negative pressure therapy to a user of the apparatus (200) is described together with a method for protecting said apparatus (200) when subjected to abnormal stresses, the apparatus (200) comprising a device (202) and a waste canister (204) releasably connected thereto wherein the device (202) and waste canister (204) are connected together by clip means (222), said clip means (222) being subject to failure upon application of abnormal stresses thereby permitting separation of the device (202) and waste canister (204).

Abstract: A sewage reuse system distributes a plurality of reuse water supply sections, each including a water introducing opening formed in a sewer trunk line; a treated sewage tank for storing reuse water; and a water level sensor for measuring a water level of the treated sewage tank, in a demand area of reuse water along the sewer trunk line. The system includes a movable sewage treatment section which moves to any of the plurality of water introducing openings; performs the sewage treatment to generate reuse water; and supplies the generated reuse water to the treated sewage tank, a communication section which transmits the water level data measured by the water level sensor, and a central control section which controls a water storing quantity of the treated sewage tank on the basis of the demand information of reuse water and the water level data.

Abstract: A device for filtering a liquid processing medium used in cutting has an intake and first filter cells with inlet, filter element, and outlet. The filter elements can be back-flushed. A disposal container as well as a suction conveying device are provided. For filtering, the intake is connected by first valves with first filter cell inlets and first filter cell outlets are connected to a discharge. For back-flushing, inlets of the first filter cells are connected through the first or a further valve to the disposal container. A second filter cell with filter element for contaminated processing medium of the disposal container is disposed above or inside the disposal container. The second filter cell, for filtering, is connected by the suction conveying device to the discharge. A cleaning device for the second filter cell is provided so that waste products removed during cleaning pass directly into the disposal container.

Abstract: Oil-containing water is separated in a separator in an automated/continuous operation using devices that is free of moving parts in the separation container. Operation is preferably entirely controlled via adjustment of various flow rates, typically using flow control valves and/or feed pumps in response to measurement of a guided wave radar device or other IDLT.