Abstract: A control valve for a water treatment system which includes a turbine rotatably mounted within a water receiving chamber. A pair of nozzles communicate water from a water receiving chamber to the turbine in a driving relationship. The nozzles each define a passage, preferably converging slightly in cross-section and defining centerlines that converge and intersect at a region swept by the turbine. Preferably, the intersection of the centerlines occurs intermediate a circle defined by central regions of the turbine blades and a circle defined by peripheral edges of the turbine blades. At least one of the nozzles is slidably held in a slot formed in a dividing wall forming part of the control valve and is replaceable by a plug. A confronting surface defines a uniform gap between an outlet side of the nozzles and a peripheral portion of the turbine.

Abstract: An improved simulated moving bed separation system is disclosed. The improved novel system is characterized by being provided with rotary valves or check valves or both. The rotary valves are provided at the position where desorbing liquid is introduced, the position where the extract is taken out, the position where the feedstock is introduced and the position where the raffinate is taken out and the rotary valves are intermittently switched on and off, whereby the liquid take out of the unit packed bed preceding the position where the desorbing liquid is introduced is supplied to the circulation pump. The check valves are provided in the fluid flow passage between a unit packed bed and an extract draw-out port positioned in the next unit packed bed in the direction in the next unit packed bed in the direction of fluid flow. Thus liquid flow is smoothly controlled and the more effective separation is realized.

Abstract: A strainer device for filtering water to an emergency cooling system in a nuclear power plant containment area having a lower part which forms a pool in which the strainer device is mounted. The device includes a strainer housing with separate strainer walls between which a flexible strainer means operates. The unit is arranged to be kept in a first position when water is drawn through one of the strainer walls, in which position it interrupts the connection between the other strainer wall and a suction conduit. By inherent flexibility, a shield means is automatically switched over to a second position which opens the connection between the second strainer wall and the suction conduit, as soon as the first strainer wall is clogged by impurities to such an extent that a low-pressure arises in the space between the first strainer wall and the shield means unit, which low-pressure brings about the switching-over by its suction effect.

Abstract: In a retardation installation having a container holding the adsorber material capable of accepting acid, in particular adsorber resin, and a feed for a watery acid-salt-solution, for example from an anodizing bath, a further feed for a regenerating solution to regenerate the adsorber material, in particular demineralized Water in opposite flow to the acid-salt-solution, as well as a drain for the treated acid-salt-solution which has passed the adsorber material and with at least one pump for the transport of the acid salt solution and/or the regenerating solution, precisely one pump is provided for which is configured as a compressed air-diaphragm pump and which exhibits a device for stroke counting as well as a device for the control of the volume flow of acid-salt-solution or regenerating solution on the a basis of the stroke count of the compressed air-diaphragm pump.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the cyclic regeneration of a water softening system having a plurality of parallel water treatment units, N, each containing a water softening treatment bed which requires periodic regeneration. The method entails first calculating a volume of water to be treated per cycle, V.sub.s, by dividing the capacity of the smallest capacity treatment unit by N. Water is then treated with all the treatment units until V.sub.s water has been treated by any of said units. Once V.sub.s water has been treated by any of the units, an arbitrarily selected first unit is subjected to regeneration while water is treated with all the remaining units. The process is continued by sequentially selecting the next remaining treatment unit for regeneration once another V.sub.s volume of water has been treated by any of the units.

Abstract: Water treatment apparatus having a raw water inlet and a treated water outlet and at least a first and second water treatment tank plus conduit means for passing water from the inlet to the outlet through the first and second tanks in parallel flow relation. The tanks are automatically regenerated in sequential, alternating intermittent manner in response to predetermined criteria. The tank being regenerated is connected to prevent flow from said tank through the outlet, while the tank not being regenerated is connected to provide flow through the outlet. Accordingly, continuous water treatment, with alternating, intermittent regeneration of the tanks, may be provided.

Abstract: The present invention offers a piping system for supplying ultra-pure water, which comprises a circulation tank to store primary pure water from a primary pure water producing unit, a pump for sending the primary pure water from said circulation tank, an outward pipe, one end of which is connected to a final purifying unit to purify primary pure water from said pump to ultra-pure water, a plurality of connection pipes, each end of which is connected to the other end of said outward pipe, a branching pipe connected between the middle of said connection pipe and the ultra-pure water using unit and having a branching valve to adjust the water quantity, and a return pipe connected between the other end of said connection pipe and said circulation tank, characterized in that means for controlling the output of said pump is provided to keep the water pressure at constant level by detecting the water pressure in said outward pipe, thereby supplying a constant quantity of ultra-pure water to the ultra-pure water usin

Abstract: A water purification system includes a storage tank, a prefilter, a reverse osmosis element, a deionization module, a feedwater connection, a brine discharge line, and an electronic memory panel, all of which are incorporated within mounted or mountable on the underside of a kitchen sink. The system also includes a long reach faucet and a product water connection connects the storage tank to the long reach faucet from which the storage tank discharges purified water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sewage system comprising a sewage producing unit, a vacuum creating apparatus, an intermediate tank, a receiver and pipe connection means interconnecting said parts. The sewage is arranged to be carried away from the sewage producing unit into the intermediate tank by means of vacuum. To minimize smell problems, exhaust air from the vacuum creating apparatus is arranged to be passed into a pressure accumulator. The compressed air stored in the pressure accumulator is arranged to be passed into the intermediate tank so that it passes the sewage contained in the intermediaate tank into the sewage receiver.

Abstract: Water treatment apparatus having a raw water inlet and a treated water outlet and at least a first and second water treatment tank plus conduit means for passing water from the inlet to the outlet through the first and second tanks in parallel flow relation. The tanks are automatically regenerated in sequential, alternating intermittent manner in response to predetermined criteria. The tank being regenerated is connected to prevent flow from said tank through the outlet, while the tank not being regenerated is connected to provide flow through the outlet. Accordingly, continuous water treatment, with alternating, intermittent regeneration of the tanks, may be provided.

Abstract: A regenerating control system for liquid conditioners includes ball valves positioned and sized so that they do not cause any flow restriction during the normal operation of the conditioner. The valves are operated by low voltage D.C. motors which require power only while moving the valves from one position to another position. An electronics control system and timer control the operation of the valves and require very small amounts of power. Consequently, a battery backup system can operate for extended periods of time when a commercial power outage occurs. A two-piece housing assembly provides improved seals for sealing between the two housing halves and between the housing assembly and the valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a fluid treatment apparatus that includes a resin tank containing an ion exchange media. A control valve controls the regeneration cycle and includes a regeneration control turbine operatively connected to a regeneration control disk forming part of a servo system. During regeneration, a meter flow of fluid emitted by a regeneration control nozzle produces rotation in the turbine to effect a regeneration sequence. Regeneration is initiated by a regeneration initiating nozzle which emits a stream of fluid at the turbine for a predetermined time interval in order to initiate a regeneration cycle. A control system includes a sensor for monitoring the fluid quality level of the source fluid or the treated fluid and initiates regeneration. When the control system is used with the disclosed control valve, the control system communicates presssurized fluid to the regeneration initiating nozzle upon sensing a predetermined quality level.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis water purification system has a feed water line and outlets for reject and product water. Instead of wasting the reject water by allowing it to flow to a drain, the reject water is returned to the water feed line downstream of the reverse osmosis system so that is can be used for other purposes. A section of the water feed line has a flow restrictor which estabishes a dynamic pressure drop. Feed water for the reverse osmosis system is taken off the feed line upstream of the restrictor and reject water is returned downstream of the restrictor, thereby reducing the water wastage due to the reverse osmosis process.

Abstract: In a process for degassing and filtering liquids, particularly coating emulsions, a feed stream (F) is subdivided into a process stream (N), which is fed continuously to a process use through a main filter (16), and a recycled fractional stream. The fractional stream (T) is used to backflush successive sections of the main filter (16) and in turn is filtered through a supplementary filter (21, 22). In the apparatus for the process, a backflushing device (17) is associated with the main filter (16), the fractional stream (T) is used as a flushing means and the filter surface of the main filter (16) is cleaned progressively. Thus, a liquid with a continually constant grain size distribution, without gas bubbles and particles that cause defects, can be delivered continuously to the specific use.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to apparatus comprising a reverse osmosis membrane module, a reciprocating pump and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The pump includes a piston defining on its opposite sides a first cylinder chamber and a second cylinder chamber which has a smaller cross-sectional area than the first chamber. The first chamber connects with a feed fluid supply conduit provided with a feed valve which opens when the first chamber expands. The membrane module includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet connects with the first cylinder chamber when the first cylinder chamber contracts in volume, and the outlet connects with the second cylinder chamber through a selector connecting with a concentrate fluid drain conduit.

Abstract: A liquid filtration device includes a tubular container having an end wall at one end with an emptying orifice therein and a detachable cover closing the opposite end. A filling orifice is disposed in the container adjacent to the cover and a fixed filter is secured in the container immediately adjacent the emptying orifice. A movable filter is disposed in the container for movement between the cover and the fixed filter by means of an operating component connected to the movable filter and extending outwardly of the container.

Abstract: The biological filter of the instant invention is intended for use between a septic tank and a drain field and includes a filter tank which receives effluent from a septic tank. The filter tank contains therein aerobic and anaerobic treatment means for treating, simultaneously, aerobically and anaerobically, portions of septic tank effluent. The filter is operable to significantly reduce the levels of all contaminants found in septic tank effluent prior to the releasing of effluent into a drain field.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selectively recovering ions from an aqueous solution and producing deionized water for reuse. When used in a nickel plating process, a rinse water stream is passed through a first cation removing assembly that contains an ion exchange media having a greater affinity for nickel ions than for most or all other ions present in the system. Rinse water processed by the first cation removing assembly is conveyed to a second cation removing assembly and then to an anion removing assembly so that deionized water is produced and is then returned to a rinse bath. Rinse water is passed through the first ion exchange media until substantially all of the ion exchange sites hold a nickel ion. The other cations in the rinse water are captured by the second cation assembly. The first cation assembly is regenerated using a regeneration solution compatible with the plating bath.

Abstract: A system for decontaminating the aquifer of hydrocarbon spills utilizes one or more wells each fitted with a perforated screen into which a skimmer formed as a receptacle is suspended by a cable for vertical movement to desired levels, the receptacle having an open top and a diameter sized to fit into the screens with only slight clearance. Water is pumped from the receptacle into a separation tank and because of the slight clearance between the screen and receptacle refilling occurs from ground water at or above the level at which the open top edge of the receptacle is located with respect to the surface of the aquifer. Floating contaminants are drawn off from the separation tank and the contaminated water is pumped as a fine spray into an upper portion of a stripping tower.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a hermetically sealed hollow housing (1) accommodating in the interior thereof a flexible filtering member (2) in the form of a hose, the ends of which are turned inside out and attached to the periphery of the inside surface of the housing (1). Cavities (3,4) formed between the hose (2) and housing (1) communicate with a discharge device (8) for discharging the fluid medium being cleaned.Provided in the interior of the housing between the fixed ends of the hose (2) is a partition wall (9) having a slot-shaped opening (10) for the passage of this hose and dividing the interior of the housing (1) into two chambers (12, 13). Each such chamber (12, 13) is connected to the feeding device (17, 21) for feeding the fluid medium being cleaned and to the evacuation device for evacuating filter cake.

Abstract: A cooking oil filter system comprises a pre-filter for removing relatively large particles from cooking oil and a second filter assembly connected to the pre-filter outlet for removing smaller size particles. A first, inlet manifold connects the drain outlets of a series of cooking vats to the pre-filter inlet, while a second, outlet or return manifold connects the outlet of the second filter assembly to an inlet on each of the cooking vats. Valves are provided in the inlet manifold path between each vat outlet and the pre-filter, and in the outlet manifold path between the second filter assembly and each of the vat inlets. A suitable control assembly controls opening and closing of the valves to control connection of each cooking vat into the oil re-circulating and filtering system.

Abstract: Double valve apparatus is used in a swimming pool chlorinating system for injecting chlorine gas into a swimming pool when a swimming pool pump is operating. Two valve elements move on and off two valve seats for preventing air from bleeding back to the water pump when the pump is not operating and for preventing back pressure in the system from introducing water into the chlorine gas line.

Abstract: The invention concerns a storage space for liquids, especially a rain-basin or sewer-backup space, with at least one flushing chamber that is positioned at the maximum height of the bottom of the storage space, that can be filled with storage liquid, and that emits the storage liquid in the form of a torrent of flushing water through at least one flushing opening when the storage space empties.The object of the invention is accordingly a storage space for liquids with a flushing device wherein the storage space fills automatically and wherein the flushing process is automatically initiated subsequent to each storage process without outside energy.This object is attained in that the flushing chamber automatically fills with storage liquid as the level of storage liquid rises, means of retaining the storage liquid in the flushing chamber once it has arrived therein are provided, and the flushing opening is closed off and opened up by a closure controlled by the level of storage liquid in the storage space.

Abstract: A system for processing and reclaiming machine tool coolant wherein filtering apparatus mounted upon a portable frame is transported to the machine tool and includes pumps for cycling coolant from the machine tool coolant reservoir through coarse and fine filters to remove contaminating foreign matter, including bacteria. The apparatus includes an accumulating reservoir receiving and supplying pumped coolant and the pumps are controlled by float-operated switches maintaining a sequence of pump operation to assure efficient pump operation.

Abstract: A fluid metering device (10) is provided for automatically restricting (i.e., shutting off or reducing) fluid flow to a filter (16). The metering device (10) has a vane (32) which turns as fluid flows and thereby drives a gear (92). Once the vane (32) has rotated a selected number of times, as a result of the fluid flow, the rotation of the gear will break a frangible link (82), causing the fluid flow to stop or reduce by closing a valve (60). The customer will know to replace the filter (16) when the fluid no longer flows or is substantially reduced, and the customer will also have to replace the frangible link (82) to enable the fluid to flow at full volume again.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus of a fixed type for supplying filtered liquid which is able to filter liquid containing impurities of minute solid particles and then supply the filtered liquid while further filtering the same, said apparatus itself being of a fixed type, so designed that the liquid is repeatedly passed through a filter member provided within said apparatus for sufficient filtration, and at the same time, the liquid is filled in a movable container with rollers so as to be freely taken in or out of the apparatus in a completely purified condition, wherein the liquid in the movable container is transferred to fixed tanks, when the movable container is separated from the apparatus so as to be filled with fresh liquid, further to a discharge port through said filter member.

Abstract: A process and system are provided for treating fluid. In one illustrative embodiment, the treatment comprises the recharging of a resin bed in a water softener. A flow switch and accumulating timer are actuated when a selected flow rate is detected. The accumulating timer is set to a selected elapsed time. A chronological timer is also provided and is set for a selected time of day to recharge the resin bed. A reserve brine capacity is provided by delivering a selected amount of water to a brine tank at predetermined elapsed time intervals of the accumulating timer. The resin bed is recharged when both a selected elapsed time of the accumulating timer has occurred and it is the selected time of day.

Abstract: A method and device for separating most of the waste material from sewage effluent, which incinerates a large portion of the waste to dispose of the waste in an environmentally safe manner. After separation, the aqueous by-product from the sewage effluent is substantially waste free, allowing easy disposition or further treatment. The apparatus includes a housing and a filter in the housing to which the sewage effluent is introduced. The solid waste materials are trapped in the filter with a substantially aqueous by-product discharged from the device. A switch senses entry of the sewage effluent, starting operation of a heating element and a microwave generator which operate to substantially incinerate the waste material into an ash particulate. The gaseous by-products of the incineration are vented to the atmosphere and the ash particulate is vacummed into a temporary storage container.

Abstract: Water conditioner system control valve apparatus in which there is a water filter unit and a water storage tank. The control valve apparatus has a passage through which water flows to the water filter unit and a passage through which brine water flows from the water filter unit. The control valve apparatus also has a passage through which product water flows from the water filter unit. The control valve apparatus includes valve members for controlling flow of water through the passages thereof in response to pressure of water in the control valve apparatus.

Abstract: A water softening system and apparatus utilizes two tanks, one for service and one for regeneration, and a control system operated by soft water flow controls the operation of all valves and the sequences of regeneration. The control system utilizes parallel plate valves for switching from one tank to the next, parallel plate valves energizing the piston moving the switching valves, and a parallel plate valve structure for distributing the regeneration water, as to amount of flow, direction and timing. A two-way to one-way cam structure initiates the operation of a control cylinder which supplies soft water to the metering valve and the regeneration valve as and where needed.

Abstract: A process is provided for controlling the recharging of a water conditioner. Water usage during selected fractions of a predetermined period of time is sensed. Information signifying the water usage during the selected fractions is stored. A time fraction is automatically determined, based on the stored information, when water is unlikely to be used. A selected parameter, such as volume of water used since recharging, is sensed to determine if recharging is required. The water conditioner is recharged during the automatically determined time fraction if the selected parameter indicates that recharging is required.

Abstract: An improved control for a resin bed water softener includes a microcomputer which is supplied with input data from a flowmeter indicative of the quantity of soft water leaving the softener. In accordance with the flow data, the microcomputer determines the amount of water used since the last regeneration and also determines the average daily soft water consumption. The microcomputer also coupled to a data input device and receives input data indicative of the total resin bed treating capacity and the incoming water hardness. At a prescribed hour each day, the microcomputer determines the remaining water softener resin bed treating capacity as calculated from the water hardness, the total resin bed treating capacity and the amount of water used since the last regeneration.

Abstract: An improved control for a particle bed water treatment device includes a microcomputer which is supplied with input data from a flowmeter indicative of the quantity of treated water leaving the water treatment device. In accordance with the flow data, the microcomputer determines the amount of water used since the last regeneration and also determines the average daily treated water consumption. The microcomputer is also coupled to a data input device and receives input data indicative of the total particle bed treating capacity resulting in complete particle bed exhaustion. To recognize and account for the additional particle bed capacity that is created when a partially exhausted particle bed is regenerated, the microcomputer advantageously adjusts the total treating bed capacity value received from the data input device in accordance with the remaining particle capacity existing prior to regeneration.

Abstract: An improved control for a water softener includes a resin bed sensor for sensing when the resin bed has been depleted to a predetermined percentage of the total resin bed treating capacity. The resin bed sensor is connected to a microcomputer which is also coupled to a flow meter to receive data therefrom indicative of the quantity of treated water leaving the water treatment device over a given period of time. When the resin bed sensor signals the microcomputer that the resin bed has been depleted to the predetermined capacity the microcomputer calculates the total softening capacity of the resin bed. Each day, the microcomputer computes both the total quantity of treated water consumed since the last regeneration and the remaining capacity of the resin bed. The microcomputer also maintains a record in memory of the previous 7 days' usage and the average usage is calculated to establish a soft water reserve value.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a liquid with ion exchange resins includes a main container having a bed of ion exchange resins through which passes the liquid to be treated, and a system for controlling automatically a cycle of regeneration of the ion exchange resins. A device is provided for, during regeneration of the ion exchange resins in the main container, continuing treatment of the liquid. Such device comprises an auxiliary container positioned within the main container and having a bed of ion exchange resins through which passes the liquid to be treated during regeneration of the ion exchange resins in the main container.

Abstract: A deionization method and apparatus comprising separate cation and anion removing sections 10a, 10b, the cation section having separate tanks 14, 16 and the anion section having separate tanks 24, 26. Respective cation and anion control valve assemblies 18, 28 control the fluid communication between various components of respective sections and control the regeneration cycle of exhausted cation and anion tanks, respectively. Each valve assembly includes independent water usage monitoring devices 118 which, upon sensing a predetermined quantity of water discharge by its respective valve assembly, effects regeneration of an associated tank. An exhausted cation tank is regenerated by feeding cation regeneration fluid by way of the cation control valve assembly into the exhausted cation tank in a counterflow direction for a predetermined time. Decationized water from the on-line cation tank is then passed through the exhausted cation tank in a counterflow direction to effect a counterflow rinse.

Abstract: An improved control for a resin bed water softener includes a microcomputer which is supplied with input data from a flowmeter indicative of the quantity of soft water leaving the softener. In accordance with the flow data, the microcomputer determines the amount of water used since the last regeneration and also determines the average daily soft water consumption. The microcomputer also coupled to a data input device and receives input data indicative of the total resin bed treating capacity and the incoming water hardness. At a prescribed hour each day, the microcomputer determines the remaining water softener resin bed treating capacity as calculated from the water hardness, the total resin bed treating capacity and the amount of water used since the last regeneration.

Abstract: An improved water softener control valve having a housing defining a servo-control chamber that encloses concentrically mounted water usage and regeneration control discs. Each disc is incrementally rotatable by ratchet drives that are driven by water usage and regeneration control turbines, respectively, through associated reduction gear trains. The ratchet drive for the water usage disc includes a pawl that is engageable with the regeneration control disc, which upon predetermined movement in the water usage disc effects movement in the regeneration control disc to initiate a regeneration cycle. A rotatable insert is provided in the housing for manually rotating the regeneration control disc.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating uremic patients by means of ultrafiltration, in which the withdrawn blood is separated by means of a hemofilter into plasma water and residual blood and the plasma water is exchanged in an exchange device. The latter comprises two chambers I and II, separated from one another by a flexible or movable partition, of which chamber I is filled with fluid and can additionally receive the plasma water, and chamber II contains substitution solution. By exerting pressure in the partition, a suction is caused in chamber I and a pressure in chamber II, so that chamber I can take up the plasma water, while the same volume of substitution solution is released from chamber II.

Abstract: An apparatus for separating a mixture of liquids of different specific gravities, e.g. oil and water, comprising a vessel containing a settling chamber, an upper chamber and a movable partition between said chambers for controlling the process, conduits for the supply of mixture and the separate discharges of the component liquids and a second vessel containing a collecting chamber and a final liquids separating device and associated therewith conduits for the component liquids.

Abstract: A portable water purifying device is disclosed which includes a main housing provided with a main inner chamber to receive a purified water receptacle. An electric circuit provides a main "on-off" switch to provide a flow of water in its "on" position, from a suitable pressurized source through a purifying capsule into a suitable container such as a jug. When the container is full a limit switch shuts off the water flow and a signal light is illuminated. The container is removed and replaced with another empty container. In preferred form of the invention, a refill switch is provided to deenergize the signal light and to initiate another water purifying and container filling cycle.

Abstract: An electronically controlled power supply is adaptable upon throwing a single mode changing switch for shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and stud welding. The power transformer and control circuitry of a stick welding power supply are, according to the invention, adapted with facility for higher power output, relative to that required for stick welding, for a relatively short timed duration suitable for stud welding. Safety shut down features improve safe use of the power supply, particularly during stud welding, and protect against transformer overload.

Abstract: A storm overflow basin for use, e.g. in combined sewage systems has a storage tank leading to a storm overflow unit having a restricted sewage discharge and a storm overflow, the latter being provided with a weir at which there is mounted a flap gate engaging the crest of the weir with its bottom edge and being operable by float controlled means in dependence upon the water level in the storm overflow unit, to move away from the crest of the weir when storm conditions require a controlled overflow discharge. The normal sewage discharge is provided with restriction means that are also float controlled.

Abstract: A filter apparatus comprising a number of filter trays arranged in layers to form a stack. Each filter tray is of a glass fibre reinforced plastics material and comprises a central web having upstanding and depending parallel ribs extending between one end of the filter tray to the other end thereof so as to define a number of parallel channels. A micro filtration or ultra filtration membrane is interposed between adjacent filter trays, and alternate ends of the channels are closed so that liquid flowing along a channel in one filter tray flows through the membrane and leaves the stack through the open end of the channel in the adjacent filter tray.The filter trays are located in a plastic tube held within a demountable pressure casing having a header plate to divide the casing into two chambers each connected to a respective end of the filter trays.

Abstract: An artificial kidney comprising a filter which is disposed between an artery connection and a vein connection, a collecting means for the filtrate to be discharged from the filter, a means for providing a metered supply of substituate to the purified blood, and a measuring means including two weighing devices; a first of the weighing devices measures the weight of filtrate to be discharged, and a second of the weighing device measures the weight of the substituate; the measuring means controls the providing means whereby the metered supply of substituate is in a fixed weight proportionality to the filtrate weight.

Abstract: A reverse osmosis system employs a tank for storing permeate under a pressure which is a portion of the pressure of feed water introduced into a pressure resistant container housing a semipermeable membrane cartridge. Control means such as an automatic valve, preferably of the double diaphragm type, in the line introducing feed water into the pressure resistant container closes to shut off feed water flow when the pressure in the permeate storage tank reaches a first predetermined value, less than the feed water pressure, and re-opens to re-establish feed water flow at a second predetermined pressure lower than the first or shut-off pressure. A constricted passageway device such as a venturi in the pipe or connection between a dispensing device such as a faucet and the permeate storage tank has its throat communicating with the sensing conduit for actuating the feed water control valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a liquid supply system having an inline liquid processor or purifier and which supplies liquid continuously or intermittently to an appliance or other point of use. The apparatus includes a valve structure which normally directs the flow of liquid through a pipe connected to the processor or purifier where impurities are removed before the liquid flows to the appliance and, when a predetermined quantity of liquid has passed through the valve structure, the flow of liquid to the processor is interrupted and the liquid is directed through a bypass pipe which is connected directly to the appliance.

Abstract: A self-cleaning filter device comprises a fluidic oscillator having a pair of passages through which fluid is directed alternately, and filter elements which fluid can flow from said passages to an auxiliary outlet. A main outlet communicates with the passages in such a way that the filter elements do not impede fluid flow to the main outlet. Between each passage and the main outlet is a device which provides a higher impedance to flow from the main outlet to the passages than to flow in the opposite direction, and assists the self-cleaning action of the filter elements by increase the difference between the fluid pressures in the passages.

Abstract: A water purification system having a pre-filter, a series of germicidal radiation chamber filter units alternating with a series of mechanical filter units and having a flow measuring device affixed to the output part of a final mechanical filtering unit. The rate of flow through the series of alternating germicidal and mechanical filtering units being measured by the flow measuring device and in turn controlled by an electrically operated valve so as to keep the rate of flow, of water being purified, through the series of alternating germicidal and mechanical filters at some predetermined and optimal setting with respect to the efficaciousness of the germicidal filters.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis.