Abstract: A method of creating electrical shorts within an interconnection structure, using a selective etch, to detect a region that is missing a protective hardmask in order to prevent future use of the defective device.

Abstract: A rail vehicle, has at least two vehicle sections joined pivotably to one another so as to provide an intermediate space dimension to suit relative motions while traveling around curbs as well as over dips and humps, at least one line provided for each of the vehicle sections for electrical current, air or hydraulic fluid, the at least one line having a line segment that compensates a relative motion of the vehicle sections, a sleeve which spans the intermediate space between the vehicle sections, the sleeve enveloping the line and being connected to the line in a shear-resistant manner, the line segment that compensates for the relative motions of the vehicle sections outside the sleeve extending in a horizontal disposition.