Abstract: A protective bottle enclosure for removably enclosing a bottle having a bottleneck ending in an open mouth. The enclosure includes a base section, a body, and a removable cap. The base section includes a cylindrical base sidewall secured to a perimeter of a base bottom wall and an open top. The body can removably engage the base section to cover the open top thereof. The removable cap includes a cap sidewall and a stopper that can removably engage the open mouth of the bottle. The stopper includes a stopper body and an annular ring extending radially outward from the stopper body. In use, the protective bottle enclosure can surround the bottle and seal the open mouth of the bottle when the base section is engaged with the body and the removable cap is engaged with the neck section.

Abstract: A gravity-oriented one-way valve container apparatus and method for separation of air from fluids providing an internal bladder, a one-way valve, and air vents allowing automatic opening of the container upon tilting and automatic closing of the container upon return to an upright position, thereby preventing the entry of contaminating air.

Abstract: An integrally blow-moulded bag-in-container has as integrally blow-moulded bag-in-container wherein the same polymer is in contact on either side of the interface between the inner and outer layers. A preform for blow-moulding a bag-in-container has an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein the preform forms a two-layer container upon blow-moulding, and wherein the thus obtained inner layer of the container releases from the thus obtained outer layer upon introduction of a gas at a point of interface between the two layers. The inner and outer layers are of the same material.

Abstract: There is provided a packaging for a container wherein the packaging is formed from a plurality of shell pieces that are hinged together to wrap around the container. When wrapped around the container, a first shell piece is secured to a second shell piece using a two-point locking feature. The shell pieces are formed with a substantially constant wall thickness such that the packaging substantially conforms to the shape of the container. Thus, advantageously, any distinctiveness in the shape of the container is not lost when wrapped by the packaging.

Abstract: Various implementations include a container system that includes a first and second bowl. The first bowl has a resilient wall that is urgable radially outwardly from a resting position to an expanded position. The edge of the resilient wall spaced apart from a first bowl base has a resting perimeter length and an expanded perimeter length. A rigid wall of the second bowl has a first edge spaced apart from a second bowl base and a second edge opposite the rigid wall first edge each have a perimeter length. The perimeter lengths of the rigid wall are both greater than or equal to the resting perimeter length and are less than or equal to the expanded perimeter length. A groove is defined by the resilient wall and/or rigid wall. A protrusion extends along the other of the rigid wall and/or resilient wall. The protrusion is engageable within the groove.

Abstract: An insulating container may include an opening, which can be sealed by a closure. The closure may have an upper portion with a handle that has a circular curvature equal to the cylindrical portion of the closure. The closure may also have a lower portion that is joined to the upper portion by an injection molded polymer element. The closure may also be in the form of “flip” type of closure such that the lid can be selectably opened or closed by the user by rotating a flip closure into either the opened or closed position. The closure may also be a two-part lid having a lower cap that may be configured to be removably-coupled to the container and an upper cap that may be configured to be removably-coupled to the lower cap.

Abstract: A container (10) is described. The container (10) comprises: a first receptacle (12) defining a first chamber (16) and having a first aperture (32); and a second receptacle (14) defining a second chamber (18) and having a second aperture (42). The container (10) also includes a reclosable opening which allows access to the first and second receptacles (12, 14). The second receptacle (14) is movably mounted upon the first receptacle (12) such that the first and second apertures (32, 42) may be aligned to allow the contents of the second chamber (18) to be introduced into the first chamber (16).

Abstract: A bowl assembly for a base driven appliance, the base driven appliance providing a primary drive coupling for the accessory assembly. The accessory assembly including: a bowl element that defines a reservoir; and a gear-box element having a secondary drive coupling and a secondary driven coupling. The bowl element defines a lower recess that removably receives the gear-box element, such that the primary drive coupling can engage the secondary driven coupling when the bowl assembly is supported by the base driven appliance. The secondary driven coupling is couplable to an accessory element that is operated within the reservoir, and such that the accessory element is operable by rotation of the primary drive coupling.

Abstract: The invention relates to a preform for producing a plastic container in a blow moulding method, comprising an elongated, preform body, which is formed so as to be closed at the one longitudinal end thereof and, at the other longitudinal end thereof, has a neck section having a pouring opening. The preform is produced from recycled PET and aliphatic furanoate, wherein the recycled PET has a maximum of 2.5 wt % of isophthalic acid and diethylene glycol, wherein the proportion of isophthalic acid is no higher than 2.0 wt %, and the proportion of diethylene glycol is no higher than 2.0 wt %, wherein all the percentages by weight are based on the total weight of the preform. Turbidity of the preform, measured in accordance with ASTM D I 003-00, is less than 5%, as a result of the admixture of the aliphatic furanoate.

Abstract: A device for protecting against shocks for a glass bottle is presented, having a body, a bottom and a distal portion successively comprising from the body, a shoulder, a collar and a neck, said device comprising a first cup engaging with the bottom and a second cup engaging with the shoulder, each of the cups having a projecting portion for damping shocks, along a transversal plane, beyond a zone of a larger diameter of the bottle. The projecting portion of at least one from among the first and the second cups includes a plurality of damping pads spaced apart from one another.

Abstract: A bottle enclosure for holding a longneck bottle having a top, neck, shoulder, and main body. The bottle enclosure can include an upper portion configured to fit around the neck, shoulder, and main body of the longneck bottle, a cap removably coupled to an upper end of the upper portion and configured to fit over the top of the longneck bottle, and a base portion removably coupled to a bottom end of the upper portion. An elastomeric component can be arranged on an interior surface of one or both of the upper portion or the base portion.

Abstract: A container includes a capitula to put contents into and out from the container, an inside container main body, in which a portion to accommodate the contents is formed, and an outside container main body, which is formed on an outer periphery side of the inside container main body, and surrounds the inside container main body. The inside container main body and the outside container main body are integrated at the capitula. A first side peripheral wall of the inside container main body and a second side peripheral wall of the outside container main body are attached to each other and are formed as a double accumulating portion at least at a portion of the first side peripheral wall. A lower end of the second side peripheral wall includes an extended foot portion that is extended to a location lower than a bottom of the inside container main body.

Abstract: A vial blinding assembly includes a vial having a bottle with a constricted neck and an annular shoulder that inwardly extends; a stopper disposed on an opening of the bottle and having a septum with a top surface; and a retainer securing the stopper to the bottle. A tubular blinding shell encircles a compartment that extends between a first end with an inlet opening and an opposing second end with an access opening. A floor plug is secured to the first end of the blinding shell. The vial is disposed within compartment of the blinding shell with the vial being supported by the floor plug and the neck passing through the access opening so that the top surface of the septum is disposed outside of the compartment of the blinding shell, the shoulder of the vial having an outside diameter larger than a diameter of the access opening.

Abstract: A preform configured to form a container. The preform includes a finish defining an opening and a top sealing surface configured to contact a closure to seal the opening closed. A body portion extends from the finish. A bottom portion is at an end of the preform opposite to the finish. A longitudinal axis of the preform extends through an axial center of the bottom portion. An oxygen barrier layer extends along the body portion to the bottom portion and across the bottom portion. A base layer includes an outer portion and an inner portion. The oxygen barrier layer is between the outer portion and the inner portion. The oxygen barrier layer extends along the body portion and the bottom portion.

Abstract: A method of injection molding a test tube-shaped preform for biaxial stretch blow molding includes supplying a major material resin from outer and inner flow paths to a combined flow path for a predetermined time and rate. For a period of time within a range of the predetermined time period during which the major material resin is supplied, the intermediate layer resin is simultaneously supplied from the middle flow path to the combined flow path at a second predetermined supplying rate. A columnar laminated molten resin is injected into a cavity of a metal mold connected to a tip of the nozzle through a gate to fill the cavity, the columnar laminated molten resin being composed of the major material resin and the intermediate layer resin formed in the major material resin in a laminated manner that are combined into a columnar shape at the combined flow path.

Abstract: A support system for a baby bottle includes a support body. The support body includes a first rim at a first end defining a first opening, a second rim at a second end defining a second opening, a channel extending between the first opening and the second opening, a slot extending between the first end and the second end, a neck portion configured to be positioned about a bottle neck of a baby bottle, and a generally convex or generally concave portion extending between the neck portion and the second end. The support system also includes a pair of handle portions coupled to the support body. Each handle portion includes a handle grip portion and a handle attachment portion.

Abstract: A container (100) includes a body (110) having an upper end (104) and a lower end (106). The upper end has an opening formed therethrough. The body defines a plurality of ribs (110) between the upper end and the lower end that are configured to actuate between an expanded state and a compressed state to vary a volume inside the body. A sleeve (500) is positioned at least partially around the body. The sleeve inhibits one or more of the plurality of ribs that are in the compressed state from actuating into the expanded state.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bottle having: firstly a rigid external shell, which has a shell body continued by a neck provided with a neck opening, and is equipped with a cap that is fitted on the neck opening and has a threaded internal annular part inside this neck opening, this shell being made of a cylindrical braid of vegetable fibres having a uniform appearance over the entire body of the shell and of the neck, said braid covering at least 90% of the surface thereof and being inserted into an impregnation matrix made of a thermoplastic resin, and secondly an internal container intended to come into contact with the beverage, said internal container being fastened to the internal annular part of the cap and being made of a thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A beverage containment apparatus includes a cylindrical body, a lid, and a splash guard. The body has one or more walls, a sloping lip at an opening on one end, an interior portion of the body, and a base. In some embodiments, the sloped lip forms a circular arc or a parabolic arc. The lid has a closed end and an open end on an opposite side of the closed end. The open end is configured to detachably couple to the body. The splash guard is configured to detachably couple to the interior portion of the body proximate to the sloping lip. The splash guard includes a plurality of apertures spaced around an outer circumference of the splash guard. In some embodiments, the splash guard includes a center aperture sized to fit a user's finger.

Abstract: Glass decanters and protective shells for glass decanters are described herein. An example apparatus includes a glass decanter and a protective shell including a first shell portion and a second shell portion couplable with the first shell portion. When the first and second shell portions are coupled, the first and second shell portions form a cavity in which the decanter is to be disposed and which completely encases the decanter.

Abstract: A container gripping aid (1) has a jacket (2) for reception of a container such as a baby bottle (3). The jacket (2) has a mesh configuration with a plurality of through-holes (5) to facilitate gripping of the jacket (2) by a baby. The jacket (2) has an egg-like shape. Thus, when it is engaged with the bottle (3), most of the jacket (2) side wall is supported spaced-apart from an exterior side wall (6) of the container (3) which enables a baby to easily grip the mesh of the jacket (2).

Abstract: A container assembly comprised of a sleeve can be provided so as to circumscribe an underlying container and fixedly coupled to the underlying container at one or more portions of the underlying container. The container can have sidewalls with a surface geometry or geometries that prevent or make difficult the application of either a pre-printed pressure sensitive label or direct printing. Thus, the sleeve can have a decoration of label provided therein, while as the same time optionally allowing viewing access to the underlying container. The sleeve can be supported by the underlying container and may have a rigidity less than a rigidity of the sidewall(s) with the surface geometry of the underlying container.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a label with a suspension handle includes i) providing a first layered material including a support layer and a first front layer joined in a releasable manner; ii) covering a front surface of the first front layer with a detachment promoter layer, leaving a free zone where the promoter layer is absent; iii) providing a second layered material including a second front layer transparent to light and an adhesive layer iv) joining the products of steps ii) and iii) in a coupled material and v) separating a suspension handle in the handle area, at least one secondary label of the label in a different area, and forming a label surround in the first front layer. At the secondary label, the label includes an opaque contrast layer superposed on the second front layer eliminate transparency, a second graphic layer superposed on the contrast layer, and a protective layer.

Abstract: An insulated container assembly, comprises a container body, including an inner wall and an outer wall coupled at a top of the container body and separated by a vacuum gap, and a lid that is reversibly attachable to the container body. The lid includes a vacuum insert; and a sleeve encompassing the vacuum insert, the sleeve configured to facilitate attachment of the lid to the container body, and further configured to generate a seal between the vacuum insert and the inner wall of the container body such that a base of the vacuum insert is exposed to a central cavity of the container body when the lid is fully attached to the container body. In this way, the entire central cavity may be surrounded by vacuum insulation, thus improving the thermal properties of the insulated container assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispenser container consisting of an outer container and an inner container for receiving a fluid, wherein the outer container and the inner container are formed from blow-moulded plastics, which do not form an integral connection with one another, and wherein a first plastic from which the inner container is formed has a higher elasticity than a second plastic from which the outer container is formed, such that the inner container is deformable, and wherein the outer container has at least one pressure compensation opening for pressure compensation in the region between the outer container and the inner container, wherein the inner container has a first outlet region and the outer container has a second outlet region, wherein the first outlet region can be shifted relative to the second outlet region in an outlet direction.

Abstract: A protective cover apparatus designed to couple to a container to minimize abrasions, deformation and damage to the container due to impact forces generated from contact with an object is provided. The container includes a top open end continuously connected to a closed bottom end by a side wall. The protective cover apparatus includes an upper bumper disposed around the container proximate the top open end, and a lower bumper coupled to the bottom closed end of the container. The lower bumper has a base continuously connected to a side wall. The base of the lower bumper has a plurality of internal ridges in contact with the bottom closed end of the container. The internal ridges of the lower bumper are designed to deform to absorb and redirect the impact forces from contact with the object away from the container.

Abstract: A container lid includes a container top, a lid opening, a closure, a push button, and a lock. The container top may be sized and configured to be attached to a container body. The lid opening may be formed in the container top. The closure may be movably coupled to the container top and may be movable between first and second positions in which the lid opening is, respectively, covered or uncovered. The push button may be configured to selectively retain the closure in the first position, and may be movable between latched and unlatched positions. The lock may be movable between locked and unlocked positions and in the locked position may be configured to inhibit movement of the push button from the latched to the unlatched position.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a composite preform that can ensure that worsening of the appearance of a surface of a plastic member caused by near-infrared heating prior to blow molding is effectively prevented and that an inner preform is efficiently heated. [Solution] The composite preform of the present invention includes a preform and a heat-contractive plastic member, the preform including a mouth part; a trunk part linked to the mouth part; and a bottom part linked to the trunk part, and the heat-contractive plastic member being disposed so as to surround the outside of the preform and including at least a colored layer that contains a resin material and a colorant, wherein the heat-contractive plastic member has a near-infrared transmittance of 50% or higher.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present disclosure provide an apparatus attachable to a container and usable to secure the container closed. The apparatus is transitionable from a nonuse configuration to a use configuration to form an (at least partially) elastic loop attached to the container and usable to circumscribe the container to secure the container closed.

Abstract: A scoop attaching device is a set of nestable measuring cups with attachable magnets, which allow each cup to store within the next larger size cup and stay together while being stored on the lid within a storage container, keeping the measuring cups out of the storage container material until ready for use.

Abstract: A stand for an elongated medicament delivery device having a distal end and a proximal end the stand comprising a base section for supporting the stand on a support surface; a holding section for receiving the distal end of the medicament delivery device; and a body section arranged between the base section and the holding section; wherein the holding section is configured to hold the medicament delivery device in a substantially vertical orientation when the base section is positioned on the support surface. The holding section comprises an elastically deformable material for providing an elastic squeeze fit around the distal end of the medicament delivery device when received in the holding section. A system comprising an elongated medicament delivery device and a stand for supporting the medicament delivery device is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cover which is also known under the name “sleeve” and serves for picking up and insulating thin-walled cups and containers. This sleeve prevents the user from burning his fingers when hot drinks such as coffee, tea or hot broth, bouillon, are introduced into the thin-walled cup and that the warm hands of the user heat a cold drink that was filled into the cup. Furthermore, by the materials used it supports the cleaning and through the attached joints a space-saving transportation is possible. The construction and the materials used allow for a long-term reuse.

Abstract: A beverage brewing apparatus having a liquid container with a fragile inner wall, a rugged outer wall and a cushioning structure placed between the fragile inner wall and the rugged outer wall, a lid that seals the liquid container, the lid including a magnet portion that faces an interior of the liquid container when the lid seals the liquid container and an infuser that moves freely within the liquid container and releasably attaches to the magnet portion of the lid.

Abstract: An inverted bottle hanging device and method of manufacturing and using the device is disclosed. The inverted bottle hanging device comprises a cord for hanging the device around a bathroom fixture and an elastomeric base unit which includes a bottle hole adapted in size and shape to receive a bottle and maintaining the bottle in a fixed position relative to the bottle hole at least in part by way of friction between the base unit and the bottle. The elastomeric base unit includes one or more cord holes adapted in size and shape to receive the cord for hanging the device around the bathroom fixture. The method includes inserting the bottle into the bottle hole such that the elastomeric base unit deforms and causes the surface area of the elastomeric base unit in contact with the bottle to increase, increasing the frictional force holding the bottle in the fixed position.

Abstract: A cup includes a liquid-holding container having an open top. A sleeve is disposed about an exterior surface of the container for movement relative to the container. A sealing element is disposed adjacent to the container's open top for movement relative to the container. A link assembly is coupled to the sleeve and to the sealing element for causing movement of the sleeve and movement of the sealing element to be in opposing directions.

Abstract: A process for making a bottle of a polymeric material suitable for being used with carbonated drinks, comprising the steps of: positioning a preform in a mould; and blowing the preform. The process is characterized in that a total draw ratio greater than 16 is used.

Abstract: A sheet material container (C) includes a containing portion (10a) that contains contents (96) and is formed of a layer sheet (120). The layer sheet (120) includes an inner sheet (123), an intermediate sheet (122) covering an outer side of the inner sheet (123), and an outer sheet (121) covering an outer side of the intermediate sheet (122), and is arranged on opposite sides with the containing portion (10a) between the opposite sides. At least parts of the outer sheet (121) and the intermediate sheet (122) include light transmitting portions (34a, 34b, 34c) that can transmit visible light. The inner sheet (123) or the contents (96) can be visually recognized through the light transmitting portions (34a, 34b, 34c) from outside the sheet material container (C).

Abstract: A single serve beverage cup, including for wine, is disclosed having a base, a bowl, a seal and a cover. The container may also include an outer package and an inner package. There is also disclosed a single serve beverage cup having a cavity for receiving a miniature liquor bottle for making a cocktail.

Abstract: An insulated container having a canister can be sealed by a lid structure. The lid structure can be a multi-part insulated lid. The lid can include a vent configured to vent air from inside the canister. In addition, the container may be part of a container kit or container system where one or more inner containers, are nested and secured within the insulated container.

Abstract: A beverage container may include a base having an axis, a closed bottom, an open top and an interior cavity therebetween. The base may be formed from a material that is opaque. In addition, a vessel is configured to contain a fluid. The vessel has an opening into or from which the fluid may flow relative to an interior of the vessel. The vessel is mounted in the interior cavity of the base and extends above and beyond the open top thereof. A radial air space is located between the vessel and the base relative to the axis. The vessel may be formed from a material that is at least one of translucent or transparent. In addition, a seal may be located between the base and the vessel. Each of the base, vessel and seal may be a different material.

Abstract: A laminated bottle formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom includes: an outer layer; and a flexible inner layer laminated onto an inner surface of the outer layer and being separable from the inner surface. A bottom section of the outer layer positioned at a bottle bottom portion is provided with a holding rib pinching and holding the inner layer. A part of the outer layer is provided with an intake hole allowing outside air to be imported into a space between the outer layer and the inner layer, and the holding rib is provided in each of a pair of areas which are disposed within the bottom section at an interval such that a bottle axis is interposed between the areas in a bottle radial direction.

Abstract: A protective bottle enclosure includes a base portion defined by a base sidewall secured to a base bottom wall and having an open top. The base bottom wall has a base pad attached thereto. An upper portion is defined by an upper sidewall surrounding an internal cavity. The upper portion has a cylindrical body section with a generally constant body diameter between a lower section and a neck section. The lower section is narrower than the body section and ends in a lower opening. The neck section is narrower than the body section and ends in a neck opening. The neck section includes a tapered portion and a straight portion. The lower section can be inserted into the open top of the base portion and threadably and removably engage the base sidewall. A removable cap includes a cap sidewall. The cap sidewall can threadably and removably engage the neck section.

Abstract: The invention is an integrally blow-moulded bag-in-container obtainable by blow-moulding an injection moulded multi-layer preform. The bag-in-container includes an inner layer forming, the bag and an outer layer forming the container, and a single opening, the mouth, fluidly connecting the volume defined by the bag to the atmosphere. The container further includes at least one interface vent fluidly connecting the interface between inner and outer layers to the atmosphere, wherein the bag is anchored to the outer layer at at least one point remote from the single opening and interface vent. The invention also relates to a process and a mould for the production of the blow-moulded bag-in-container.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of protecting a container (1) against impacts, the container presenting a body (2) that is terminated at one end by a bottom and at the other end by a transition portion (4) leading to a neck (3), the method comprising the steps of: putting a bottom cup (5) into place on the container to cover the bottom of the container and project laterally from the body of the container; putting a top cup (6; 60) into place on the container pressing against the transition portion of the container in order to project laterally from the body of the container; covering the assembly with the help of a sleeve (20) of heat-shrink material; and heat-shrinking the sleeve.

Abstract: A sheet material container (C) includes a containing portion (10a) that contains contents (96) and is formed of a layer sheet (120). The layer sheet (120) includes an inner sheet (123), an intermediate sheet (122) covering an outer side of the inner sheet (123), and an outer sheet (121) covering an outer side of the intermediate sheet (122), and is arranged on opposite sides with the containing portion (10a) between the opposite sides. At least parts of the outer sheet (121) and the intermediate sheet (122) include light transmitting portions (34a, 34b, 34c) that can transmit visible light. The inner sheet (123) or the contents (96) can be visually recognized through the light transmitting portions (34a, 34b, 34c) from outside the sheet material container (C).

Abstract: Moving an article after a material, such as a hot-melt adhesive, has been applied to a surface of the article is accomplished with an article transfer apparatus. The apparatus is comprised of a belt having a plurality of apertures extending there through that are effective to communicate a vacuum pressure from an inner surface of the belt to a contacting surface of the belt. The vacuum pressure secures and adheres the article to the contacting surface of the belt as the belt conveys the article. The vacuum pressure is distributed along the inner surface of the belt by a vacuum chamber, which is between a compression roller and a second roller.

Abstract: A microbiology waste containment apparatus and method are provided to prevent toxic slide staining chemicals from being dumped down a drain during slide staining and thus entering publicly owned water treatment works. A primary containment vessel is provided having side walls and an open top area, and a funnel is provided in communication with the open top area. A secondary containment vessel is in fluid communication with the funnel. When microbiology waste is generated above the open top area, the microbiology waste is collected by the funnel and conducted to the secondary containment vessel. The secondary vessel may be disposed internally to the primary vessel, or it may be external to the primary vessel. In the case of the internal secondary vessel, the entire apparatus may be portable and thus appropriate for field or military work.

Abstract: Gel including a phase-change material and a gelling agent. In one embodiment, the phase-change material may be n-tetradecane, n-hexadecane or mixtures thereof. The gelling agent may be a high molecular weight styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) triblock copolymer with a styrene:rubber ratio of about 30:70 to 33:67% by weight. To form the gel, the phase-change material and the gelling agent may be mixed at an elevated temperature relative to room temperature to partially, but not completely, dissolve the gelling agent. The mixture may then be cooled to room temperature. Alternatively, the phase-change material and the gelling agent may be mixed at room temperature, and the mixture may then be heated to form a viscoelastic liquid, which is then cooled to room temperature. The invention is also directed at a method of preparing the gel, a thermal exchange implement including the gel, and a method of preparing the thermal exchange implement.

Abstract: A retaining member and a vacuum-insulated vessel are disclosed. The retaining member includes a frustoconical body, a cylindrical skirt extending from the frustoconical body, and a deformable member extending along an inner surface of the frustoconical body. The deformable member may have multiple layers. An opening extends through the frustonical body, so that the neck of a bottle may pass therethrough. The vacuum-insulated vessel includes the aforementioned retaining member and a double-walled structure, and is able to receive and secure bottles having different heights and widths. The vacuum-insulated vessel also eliminates condensation from external surfaces of a bottle positioned therein, maintains the initial temperature of the bottle, and allows a user to pour from the bottle without having to remove the bottle from the vessel.

Abstract: A container configured for use with a food processing system includes a container body configurable with a food processing base. The container body includes an interior wall and an exterior wall arranged in contact at a first end. The interior wall and the exterior wall are formed from a single piece of non-resilient material. A chamber is defined by the container body. A collar is mounted to the first end of the container body to form a seal between the collar and the contact between the interior wall and the exterior wall.