Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a switch assembly for a detection unit of a switchgear or controlgear.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic system comprising a switching device for switching on and off at least one photovoltaic string, to an electronically controlled direct current hybrid switching device for switching on and off at least one photovoltaic string, in a user-controlled manner, to the use of a hybrid switch for switching a photovoltaic string, and to a method for switching off and back on at least one photovoltaic string of the photovoltaic system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a universal vacuum interrupter (UVI) (30) for an air disconnect switch (100) comprising a rotatable actuating arm (21) arranged for engagement by a corresponding contact (16), such as a roller, attached to the main blade (12) of an air disconnect switch (100). In particular, the actuating arm (21) comprises two rods (22) extending next to each other and adapted for receiving the corresponding contact (16) of the main blade (12) between them. The two rods (22) are movable to alter the distance between them but are biased together by biasing means (24), e.g. helical springs. As the corresponding contact (16) of a main blade (12) will be in engagement with both rods (22) during disconnection and reconnection of the air disconnect switch (100), arcing is thereby prevented. Preferably, the two rods (22) of the UVI (30) are made of aluminium.

Abstract: An Electrical Protective Device for Low-Voltage DC networks (EPDL) has a controller that on start-up first closes a mechanical relay in a ground line, waits a first delay, then closes a bipolar transistor to allow current to flow through a positive supply line, then turns on a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) connected in parallel with the bipolar transistor once an output voltage reaches a minimum target. The controller reverses the start-up order to open the MOSFET, bipolar transistor, and finally the relay when an over-voltage, input-power, or integrated-current fault is detected. The output current is integrated over time and compared to a threshold, allowing for capacitor charging or other temporary over-loads. When the output voltage dips below the minimum target, the MOSFET is turned off until the voltage recovers. If the voltage does not recover within a time period, the bipolar transistor and then the relay are turned off.

Abstract: An alternating current circuit breaker has a processing unit arranged to control a first and second galvanic separation switch, a bypass switch and a semiconductor switch element. A power supply unit is provided which is connected to the live supply connecting terminal and to the neutral supply connecting terminal, and connected to the processing unit and further components of the alternating current circuit breaker for providing electrical operating power thereto. The power supply unit comprises a power reserve unit arranged to supply operating power to the power supply unit for at least a minimum time period after a voltage of the mains supply drops below the minimum operating voltage.

Abstract: A method of executing a self-test of an alternating current circuit breaker involves executing a self-test of the circuit breaker for each of a plurality of functional blocks, wherein a sequence and timing of the executing a self-test for each of the plurality of functional blocks is programmed in and executed under control of a processing unit, and entering a failure mode of the circuit breaker upon detection of a failure status in any one of the functional blocks. The alternating current circuit breaker includes a live line between a live supply connecting terminal and a live load connecting terminal, and a neutral line between a neutral supply connecting terminal and a neutral load connecting terminal, the plurality of functional blocks, and the processing unit, which is connected to the first and second galvanic separation switch, the bypass switch and the semiconductor switch element.

Abstract: Embodiments are directed to an over-current protection assembly that includes a mechanism having a first operating element and a second operating element. The first operating element is coupled to a first set of individual contacts. The second operating element is coupled to a second set of individual contacts. A single movement of the first operating element relative to the second operating element breaks a plurality of electrical contacts or paths between the first set of individual contacts and the second set of individual contacts.

Abstract: A switch includes: a hermetic vessel filled with an insulating medium; an insulating spacer dividing the hermetic vessel into a first heretic space and second heretic space; an electrode fixedly penetrating through the insulating spacer; and a first circuit breaker part inserted between a first conductor and the electrode in the first hermetic space and serially connecting a second conductor in the second heretic space in a closed state, and having a first contact including the electrode and a first driver driving the first contact. The first circuit breaker part is a vacuum circuit breaker having the first contact housed in a vacuum vessel and a second circuit breaker part having the second contact larger in dielectric strength than in the vacuum circuit breaker. In an interrupting operation from the closed state, the first contact and the second contact are opened, and the first contact is closed when or after the second contact is opened.

Abstract: A switch includes: a second conductor; a second movable electrode provided in a second hermetic space so as to be movable in a first direction in which it parts from the fixed electrode and in a second direction opposite the first direction; an opposed electrode slidably provided in the fixed electrode to face the second movable electrode so as to open from and be in contact with the second movable electrode in an open state and a closed state respectively; a second driver which generates a driving force and moves the second movable electrode in the first direction when performing an opening operation; and a driving force transmitting mechanism which moves the opposed electrode in the second direction by converting a direction of the driving force for moving the second direction opposite the moving direction of the second movable electrode when the second driver generates the driving force for moving the second movable electrode in the first direction.

Abstract: A gas-insulated high-voltage switch for the interruption of large currents includes a housing, a contact arrangement which is arranged in the housing and has two switching pieces which can be moved relative to one another along an axis. Each switching piece has a rated current contact and an arcing contact. The switch includes a drive which acts on a first of the two switching pieces. The switch includes a device configured to detect and indicate the contact wear of the two arcing contacts caused by the action of the arc. The device has an indicator arranged outside the housing. In the switch, the remaining life which is determined by the contact wear of the arcing contacts is detected and indicated by a simple mechanical mechanism. The device has a transmission mechanism which is fed through the housing in a gas-tight manner and a drive member coupled to the operating element.

Abstract: A current breaking device including a main stationary contact; a vacuum cartridge connected to the main contact and, having a rod supporting a second movable contact for connection with a second stationary contact on the main contact; a main movable contact for connection with, the main stationary contact; and a rigid rocker arm pivotally connected to the actuating rod of the vacuum cartridge, and about another axis fixed with respect to the main stationary contact and vacuum cartridge, so that upon rotation of the rocker arm to open both the main and second contacts, the main contacts are opened before the second contacts, and upon rotation in the opposite direction the second contacts are fully closed before any movement of the main contacts toward closure.

Abstract: An object is to provide a switching unit or switching gear which enhances heat radiation performance and eliminates the need for an increase in unit size. In order to solve this problem the switching unit includes a switch and insulating resin located in a way to cover the periphery of the switch, in which the switch includes a fixed electrode, a movable electrode facing the fixed electrode and moving in an axial direction to contact or leave the fixed electrode, a bus side conductor connected to one of the electrodes and connected to a bus, and a load side conductor connected to the other electrode and connected to the load. The insulating resin has fins formed in a circumferential direction on the outer surface of the insulating resin and the distance between the periphery of the switch and the bottoms of the fins is almost constant in the circumferential direction.

Abstract: A switch includes: a hermetic vessel filled with an insulating medium; an insulating spacer dividing the hermetic vessel into a first heretic space and second heretic space; an electrode fixedly penetrating through the insulating spacer; and a first circuit breaker part inserted between a first conductor and the electrode in the first hermetic space and serially connecting a second conductor in the second heretic space in a closed state, and having a first contact including the electrode and a first driver driving the first contact. The first circuit breaker part is a vacuum circuit breaker having the first contact housed in a vacuum vessel and a second circuit breaker part having the second contact larger in dielectric strength than in the vacuum circuit breaker. In an interrupting operation from the closed state, the first contact and the second contact are opened, and the first contact is closed when or after the second contact is opened.

Abstract: A hybrid circuit breaker for use in the field of medium- and high-voltage hybrid circuit breakers comprising an arc-control device (110), a vacuum switch (20) and a single mechanical control apparatus for controlling the opening and closing of the vacuum switch (20) with the control apparatus comprising a control rod (31) for controlling the movement of a movable contact (22) relative to a stationary contact with the movable contact secured to a movable control rod (32), via a holding system including a flexible toroidal helical spring (38) placed in a groove of the movable contact and in a groove located in the movable control rod and further comprising an energy accumulation system including a spring (34) for causing the flexible toroidal helical spring (38) to release the movable control rod from the movable contact and cause the movable contact to make contact with the stationary contact.

Abstract: A load breaker arrangement includes first and second input terminals, respectively, and first and second output terminals. The arrangement also includes two relays connected in series with one another, wherein the two relays are coupled between the second input terminal and the second output terminal, a semiconductor switch connected in parallel with one of the two relays, and a third relay coupled between the first input terminal and the first output terminal. A control circuit, in a load breaker mode, turns on the semiconductor switch while the two relays and the third relay are closed, then opens the one of the two relays in parallel with the semiconductor switch, then opens the semiconductor switch to break a current between the second input and second output terminals, and then opens the other of the two relays not in parallel with the semiconductor switch and opens the third relay.

Abstract: An electrical switching device has a first interrupter unit for interrupting and connecting an electrical line, in particular an air-insulated grounding switch. A method for switching an air-insulated grounding switch assures that no arc owing to a voltage flashover is produced on the air-insulated grounding switch. A second interrupter unit, which is connected in parallel with the first interrupter unit, can be switched such that resultant striking of an arc during switching only takes place in the second interrupter unit.

Abstract: The high-voltage switching device used in one installation position and has metallic encapsulation (10) a switching gap (4) and a particle trap (1) for holding foreign body particles (2), and is characterized in that in the one installation position, the particle trap (1) is arranged vertically underneath the switching gap (4), in the one installation position, an isolator part (8) is provided, which has a surface (8a) aligned essentially horizontally and faces the interior of the high-voltage switching device, with a metallic wall (9), which is higher than the particle trap (1; 1?), being arranged between the isolator part (8) and the particle trap (1; 1?). The particle trap (1) has a viewing window (3). If the high-voltage switching device is a disconnector, this viewing window (3) may be identical to the viewing window (3) for visual access to the visible disconnecting gap (4) of the disconnector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid circuit-breaker which, for each pole, comprises a dielectric-gas interrupting chamber (1) which contains a first contact (1A) and a moving second contact (1B) that are disposed longitudinally to a first axis (AA?) and in which the first contact (1A) is connected to a first terminal (3A) of the network, said interrupting chamber (1) being connected in series with a vacuum bottle (2) which contains a fixed contact (2A) and a moving contact (2B) that are disposed longitudinally to a second axis (BB?) and in which the fixed contact (2A) is connected to a second terminal (3B) of the network, actuating means acting via a single control (4) to move said moving contacts between respective open positions and respective closed positions.

Abstract: A hybrid high-voltage or medium-voltage breaker device includes an enclosure filled with a dielectric gas, a vacuum switch, a gas switch and an operating rod. The vacuum switch includes a fixed first arc contact and a second arc contact which can move in translation in an axial direction of the enclosure. The gas switch includes a fixed or quasi-fixed third arc contact and a fourth arc contact which can move in translation. The operating rod is connected to the fourth contact. The device also includes a connection arrangement for electrically connecting the second and third contacts and a displacement arrangement connected to the connection arrangement and to the rod which separates the second and fourth contacts from the first and third contacts, respectively.

Abstract: The hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers, which are operated by a commmon drive via a transmission (29) connected upstream from it. It is intended to be possible to assemble this transmission (29) easily in the interior of the hybrid circuit breaker. This is achieved in that the transmission (29) is formed from at least two transmission parts which can be plugged together, with a first transmission part being firmly connected to the at least one first arcing chamber and a second transmission part being firmly connected to the at least one second arcing chamber. The transmission (29) also has means which allow the movements of the at least two arcing chambers to be technically suitably matched to one another and to be optimized with respect to the time sequence and switching speed thereof.

Abstract: A hybrid gas insulation switchgear apparatus comprises an enclosure in which an insulating gas is sealed, a bushing unit provided for the enclosure, a breaker unit disposed inside the enclosure, a disconnector unit disposed inside the enclosure and including disconnectors to be connected electrically in series to both sides of the breaker unit, an earth switch unit disposed inside the enclosure and including earth switches disposed between the breaker unit and the disconnectors, respectively, the earth switches being provided with main pole side electrodes disposed on the side of the breaker unit, and a current transformer unit mounted to the enclosure. The bushing unit including bushings each having a conductor connected to an electrode in the disconnector on a side opposite to the breaker.

Abstract: An electromechanical relay including a mechanical displacement electrical contact and a transistor parallel-connected with the electrical contact. The contact is closed for a voltage V corresponding to the forward direction of the transistor and a powering-on of the transistor that starts before the closure of the contact and ends after the closure. The contact is opened for a voltage V corresponding to the forward direction of the transistor and a powering-on of the transistor that starts before the closure of the contact and ends after the closure. Such an electromechanical relay may find particular application to electromechanical switches, hybrid relays.

Abstract: A hybrid interrupter device includes a casing filled with a dielectric gas; a vacuum interrupter having a first arcing contact which is fixed and a second arcing contact which moves in translation in the axial direction of the casing; a force exertion device for exerting a force on the second contact while the vacuum interrupter is allowing current to pass; a gas interrupter having a third arcing contact which is fixed and a fourth arcing contact which moves in translation; and a drive rod connected to the fourth contact. The device further includes a connection device electrically interconnecting the second and third contacts, and capable of being moved in translation together with the second contact; and a displacement mechanism connected to the connection device and to the rod for displacing them so as to separate the second and fourth contacts from the first and third contacts, respectively.

Abstract: This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two seriesconnected arcing chambers, which are operated by a common drive via a transmission (29) connected upstream from it.

Abstract: A hybrid gas insulation switchgear apparatus comprises an enclosure in which an insulating gas is sealed, a bushing unit provided for the enclosure, a breaker unit disposed inside the enclosure, a disconnector unit disposed inside the enclosure and including disconnectors to be connected electrically in series to both sides of the breaker unit, an earth switch unit disposed inside the enclosure and including earth switches disposed between the breaker unit and the disconnectors, respectively, the earth switches being provided with main pole side electrodes disposed on the side of the breaker unit, and a current transformer unit mounted to the enclosure. The bushing unit including bushings each having a conductor connected to an electrode in the disconnector on a side opposite to the breaker.

Abstract: The hybrid-type interrupter device for high or medium voltage comprises:

Abstract: This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. Means are provided which ensure a sensible voltage distribution between the first and the second arcing chamber in the course of a switching process. At least one vacuum switching chamber having an insulating housing, is provided as the second arcing chamber. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker wich can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, in that means are provided which ensure that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the first arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the contacting arrangement of the second arcing chamber precedes the movement of the contact arrangement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process.

Abstract: This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. The arc extinguishing and insulating medium in the first arcing chamber surrounds the second arcing chamber in an insulating manner. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker which can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, wherein means are provided which always ensure that the movement of the first arcing chamber leads the movement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the second arcing chamber always leads the movement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process.

Abstract: A circuit breaker having a hybrid arc-extinguishing function includes: an upper shell; a lower shell coupled to the upper shell to form an extinguishing chamber (S) filled with an insulation gas; a movable electrode movably installed at the upper shell and having an exhaust channel for discharging a gas inside the extinguishing chamber (S) outwardly; a fixed electrode having an exhaust channel fixed at the lower shell and positioned at a coaxial line with the movable electrode, through which the gas inside the extinguishing chamber (S) is discharged outwardly, the movable electrode being movable being movable to a position where it contacts with the fixed electrode and to a positioned where it is separated from the fixed electrode; a magnetic coil arranged around the fixed electrode to form a magnetic field for a rotation of an arc, and receiving a conductive current from the movable electrode as being shared with the fixed electrode when the movable electrode is positioned contacting with the fixed electrode

Abstract: A gas insulating switchgear comprising: a first switching unit for connecting or breaking an electric circuit between a power source and a load; a second switching unit being mechanically and electrically connected with the first switching unit and being selectively movable to an electrically conducting position, an electrically breaking position or an electrically grounding position; and an actuator being connected to supply a driving force to the second switching unit so that the second switching unit can be moved. In case that the gas insulating switch gear is applied to a switchgear having a rated insulating breakage voltage level of 125 KV, the switch gear can have a rated breakage insulating voltage of more than 125 KV (150 KV) by using the vacuum interrupter and the second switching unit each having the rated insulating voltage level of about 75 KV.

Abstract: This hybrid circuit breaker (1) has at least two series-connected arcing chambers (2, 3) which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. The arc extinguishing and insulating medium in the first arcing chamber (2) surrounds the second arcing chamber (3) in an insulating manner. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker which can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, in that means are provided which always ensure that the movement of the first arcing chamber (2) leads the movement of the second arcing chamber (3) during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the second arcing chamber (3) always leads the movement of the first arcing chamber (2) during a connection process.

Abstract: This hybrid circuit breaker has at least two series-connected arcing chambers which are operated by a common drive or by separate drives and are filled with different arc extinguishing media. Means are provided which ensure a sensible voltage distribution between the first and the second arcing chamber in the course of a switching process. At least one vacuum switching chamber, having an insulating housing (46), is provided as the second arcing chamber. The aim is to provide a hybrid circuit breaker which can be produced economically and which has high availability. This is achieved, inter alia, in that means are provided which always ensure that the movement of the first arcing chamber leads the movement of the second arcing chamber during a disconnection process, and that the movement of the second arcing chamber always leads the movement of the first arcing chamber during a connection process.

Abstract: A circuit breaker comprises a vacuum interrupter and an isolator in series combination, the vacuum interrupter providing fast interruption of current and the isolator providing a large gap when in the open condition for additional safety and protection against transients. The circuit breaker may be operated by a single actuator device and is adapted to provide sequential isolation first by the vacuum interrupter, followed by the isolator to a fully open circuit condition, and on closing is adapted to first close the isolator under a no-load condition followed by closure of the vacuum interrupter to resume current flow. The isolator additionally provides for the single actuator device to slowly close the isolator with low force and to quickly close the vacuum interrupter with high force. An actuator mechanism also provides further control of the relative speeds of closure of the isolator and vacuum interrupter.

Abstract: A gas-insulated switchgear in which a washer 5 is electrically connected with a tank 1 by a conductive material 12 having a high resistivity at a position where the tank 1 and a tank 2 are joined through an insulator 13 of the gas-insulated switchgear. In view of the structure of the switchgear, the reliability is improved, the structure is simplified, the number of parts is decreased, and the profitability is improved because a steep surge is not theoretically induced for a steep surge induced when turning on/off each unit at an electrically insulated position of a joint between tanks through an insulator of a gas-insulated switchgear for an SF.sub.6 gas-insulated closed-type station.

Abstract: A device for switching electric current includes a compressed gas switch, at least one vacuum switch, and two terminals. A first consumable contact of the compressed gas switch is electrically connected to a first of the two terminals and a movable electrode of the vacuum switch is connected to a second of the two terminals to form a quenching circuit. The two electrodes of the vacuum switch can be separated without the use of the drive and a contact pressure is applied to them which prevents the electrodes from breaking below a threshold value of the current to be switched off. On switch-off, the current to be interrupted is switched over from a rated current circuit containing two rated current contacts of the compressed gas switch to the parallel quenching circuit. The vacuum switch now in the quenching circuit breaks only if the current to be switched off exceeds the aforementioned threshold.

Abstract: A vacuum cartridge for a medium voltage electrical switch, as well as a switch incorporating such a cartridge comprising an enclosure closed by two end-plates in which there are housed three contacts extending axially. Two of these contacts are stationary and comprise a disk-shaped contact part and are securely fixed respectively to the two end-plates, whereas the third contact is formed by a rod slidably mounted in the second stationary contact, the rod being brought into contact with the first stationary contact during a period sufficient to generate an electrical arc between the two stationary contacts in order to perform breaking of an electrical circuit. A switch comprises an enclosure filled with sulphur hexafluoride including a cartridge as previously described, two main contacts electrically connected in parallel to the stationary contacts and an operating mechanism connected to selected aformentioned contacts.

Abstract: A gas-insulating switching unit includes a gas-filled housing containing a multi-pole vacuum switch and a three-position circuit breaker arranged below it. The vacuum switch is arranged so that the longitudinal axes of the horizontally positioned vacuum switching tubes are perpendicular to the front wall of the housing. The switch shaft of the circuit breaker is parallel to the front wall of the housing. Actuating rods are sealed against the front wall be bellows and can be used to operate the vacuum switching tubes. The circuit breaker is operated by a drive device via two pivoting levers that can be coupled by means of a fork opening.