Abstract: A system including ruggedized optic fiber cable assembly for use with an arc detection relay to protect electrical components from faults resulting in an arc flash. The cable assembly includes a pair of ruggedized ST connectors located at opposite ends of a ruggedized optical fiber cable. The cable includes an optical fiber core surrounded by a transparent gel layer and a transparent jacket surrounding the gel layer. Each ST connector includes a boot formed of a resilient material to provide shock absorption for the portion of the optical fiber cable extending through it. An accessory electronic cable is also provided, as are couplers, adapters for mounting the couplers onto walls, and sleeves with air pockets to enhance the ruggedness of the cable at points of stress, e.g., bends.

Abstract: A gas circuit breaker includes: a fixed arc contact extending along an operating axis; a moving arc contact allowed to move to a position where the moving arc contact contacts the fixed arc contact and a position where the moving arc contact is separated from the fixed arc contact; a frame forming a puffer chamber around the moving arc contact; a nozzle having a cylindrical shape centered on the operating axis, the nozzle being fixed to the frame and projecting in a direction toward the fixed arc contact from the moving arc contact; and an arc extinction assisting portion provided on an inner surface of the nozzle and made of an ablation material. The nozzle and the arc extinction assisting portion are provided with a fall-off preventing portion to prevent the arc extinction assisting portion from falling off the nozzle.

Abstract: A power line protection system and method are described with a current meter for monitoring the current in the protected power line and a circuit breaker, with the current meter including a sensor, particularly a fiber optic current sensor, for monitoring a direct current component in the current transmitted and an analyzer for testing the direct current component and for generating a fault signal for the circuit breaker.

Abstract: The gas circuit breaker includes a sealed container filled with an arc-extinguishing gas, a pair of fixed arc electrodes arranged in the sealed container to be opposite to each other, a trigger electrode movably arranged between the fixed arc electrodes and generating an arc discharge according to movement, a pressurization chamber pressuring and increasing a pressure of the arc-extinguishing gas with pressurization means, and a pressure accumulation chamber in communication with the pressurization chamber and accumulating the pressurized arc-extinguishing gas. The trigger electrode switches the pressure accumulation chamber into a closed state or an open state. The pressure accumulation chamber is switched to the closed state in a first half of breaking of the electric current, and the pressure accumulation chamber is switched to the open state in a latter half of breaking of the electric current. The arc-extinguishing gas in the pressure accumulation chamber is guided to the arc discharge.

Abstract: A tank for a circuit breaker has a body defining an interior volume and having opposing ends. An flange is at each end of the body with the flanges defining a central longitudinal axis of the body. The body has an internal surface defining a top portion of the tank disposed substantially above the axis and defining a bottom portion of the tank disposed substantially below the axis. The top portion is spaced from the axis as defined by at least a first radius from the axis. The bottom portion is spaced from the axis as defined by at least a second radius from axis. The second radius is greater than the first radius so as to reduce an electric field intensity on the bottom portion of the body and thus reduce effects of foreign particles within the interior volume, regardless of phase rotation.

Abstract: A gas-insulated device for electrical power is disclosed that includes: a fixed contact unit and a movable contact unit which are disposed to face with each other in an airtight container filled with a carbon dioxide gas or a gas mixture including a carbon dioxide gas, serving as an arc extinguishing gas. The fixed contact unit includes a fixed arc contact, a fixed conduction contact disposed outside the fixed arc contact, and a conductive supporting member for electrically connecting between the fixed arc contact and the fixed conduction contact and supporting these contacts.

Abstract: This puffer type gas circuit breaker has: a stationary-side main contact 2 and a movable-side main contact 3, which are provided on the same axis inside a vessel 1 filled with an insulating gas; a stationary-side arcing contact 4; a movable-side arcing contact 5; a puffer cylinder 6; a puffer shaft 7 having a puffer chamber-side exhaust hole 7a and an operation rod-side exhaust hole 7b; a pressure-activated valve 15 for closing the operation rod-side exhaust hole 7b; a puffer piston 9; a flow control section 11 having an opening part 11a; and an insulating nozzle 12. When the interruption operation is completed, a predetermined space is formed inside a puffer chamber 10, the puffer chamber-side exhaust hole 7a and the opening part 11a are connected together, and the operation rod-side exhaust hole 7b is closed by the pressure-activated valve 15.

Abstract: An insulating tube (18) located between the main contacts (12b, 14b) and the arcing contacts (12a, 14a) of an interrupting chamber (10) of a high-voltage or medium-voltage circuit-breaker makes it possible to modify the distribution of the equipotential lines (V) during breaking. Thus, it is possible to reduce the electric field on the contacts, and thus to improve the breaking and the dielectric strength in the open position. The insulating tube (18) can also serve for transmitting movement between the contacts (12, 14) for triggering the circuit-breaker.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a gas insulation apparatus (e.g., a gas circuit breaker) includes a high-voltage unit, a zeolite and an insulation gas in a closed vessel. The insulation gas is CO2 gas or a gas including CO2 gas as the main component. The zeolite is contained in a zeolite case and is placed under an insulation gas atmosphere. CO2 is adsorbed on the zeolite before use of the gas insulation apparatus.

Abstract: The current in a generator circuit breaker is measured using the Faraday effect of an optical sensing fiber looped around the breaker's conductor. The sensing fiber is arranged in a sensing strip, which can be mounted to the enclosure of the generator circuit breaker or to the conductor. Exemplary embodiments can have a wide measuring range and can easily be fitted to new or existing generator circuit breakers.

Abstract: Provided is a gas circuit breaker. The gas circuit breaker includes a fixed part, a movable part, a piston, and a double compression mechanism. The fixed part includes a fixed arc contact and a first fixed contact maker. The movable part includes a movable arc contact selectively making contact with the fixed arc contact, a cylinder in which the movable arc contact is disposed, and a second fixed contact maker guiding a movement of the cylinder. The piston is disposed in the second fixed contact maker. The double compression mechanism is configured to move the piston in a direction opposite to a moving direction of the movable part when the movable part is moved to separate the fixed arc contact and the movable arc contact for interrupting a fault current.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas insulated switchgear, and a method for detecting arc damage in a part used in a gas insulated switchgear, which detect directly when an electric contact or a peripheral part reaches an initially set wear limit. An insulating nozzle of a circuit breaker contains a marking substance that releases a gaseous substance inside a circuit breaker gas container as a result of wear by an arc. For ensuring heat resistance and insulation properties, the insulating nozzle is ordinarily formed of a fluororesin, but in the present invention, it is formed of the ordinarily used fluororesin having uniformly mixed therein, as the marking substance, a chlorine-containing resin which has excellent heat resistance and insulation properties such as polyvinylidene chloride.

Abstract: A gas-insulated circuit breaker has a sealed container filled with gas; a pair of contacts so constructed as to be connected and separated each other in the sealed container; gas flow generation means for blasting the gas on an arc generated when the contacts are separated, the gas flow generation means including: an accumulation space, pressure increasing means for increasing the pressure of the pressure accumulation space, a gas passage connecting the pressure accumulation space to the arc, and an insulating nozzle that controls the flow of the gas from the pressure accumulation space to the arc; an inside-nozzle insulating member disposed co-axially with the insulating nozzle. The arc is generated in a space between an inner wall section of the insulating nozzle and an outer wall section of the inside-nozzle insulating member, and the gas flows in the space.

Abstract: A high-voltage switch contains two contact members, which can be moved relative to one another along an axis, a nozzle for blowing out a switching arc with quenching gas, and a stationary direction-changing transmission, which is connected to the nozzle and to the second contact member. The nozzle has a hollow insulating body, and a metallic annular body which is arranged at a blowing-out end of the nozzle, is connected in a formfitting manner to the insulating body, and supports an input or output drive element of the direction-changing transmission. This switch can be manufactured easily and at low cost, and provides good mechanical and electrical characteristics. The annular body has a concentrically arranged intermediate ring, which causes the form fit with the insulating body, and a ring, which is pushed onto the intermediate ring and is attached to the intermediate ring, for supporting the input-drive or output-drive element.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas insulated switchgear, and a method for detecting arc damage in a part used in a gas insulated switchgear, which detect directly when an electric contact or a peripheral part reaches an initially set wear limit. An insulating nozzle of a circuit breaker contains a marking substance that releases a gaseous substance inside a circuit breaker gas container as a result of wear by an arc. For ensuring heat resistance and insulation properties, the insulating nozzle is ordinarily formed of a fluororesin, but in the present invention, it is formed of the ordinarily used fluororesin having uniformly mixed therein, as the marking substance, a chlorine-containing resin which has excellent heat resistance and insulation properties such as polyvinylidene chloride.

Abstract: An interrupting part 2 is arranged in a vessel 1 that is filled with insulating gas to configure a puffer type gas circuit breaker. The interrupting part 2 having, at least, a main contact 3, 6 on each of fixed- and moving-sides, an arcing contact 4, 7 on each of the fixed- and moving-sides, a puffing device, and an insulative nozzle 10. The insulating gas that became high temperature by being puffed into the arcs is discharged through a puffer shaft 11 of tubular shape. The puffer shaft 11 has a pipe member 11a at the distal end of which the arcing contact 7 is installed, and an end member 11b, one end of which is separably connected to the pipe member 11a with a joint 11 and the other end of which is connected to a rod 12 that links to a manipulator side.

Abstract: A nozzle for a medium or high voltage gas switching device of the type having at least a couple of separable arc contacts (1, 2), comprising a hollow shaped body (100) suitable to be positioned inside the device around the zone (20) where electric arcs form between said arc contacts (1, 2) during switching operations, characterized in that said hollow shaped body (100) has a first portion (101) electrically conductive and a second portion (102) made of electrically insulating material which surrounds at least partially said first portion (101).

Abstract: In order to reduce the breaking energy of a high-voltage or medium-voltage circuit-breaker, the interrupting chamber (10) contains two contacts (12, 14) mounted to move in opposite directions, and actuated via a single device (20). The two contacts (12, 14) are surrounded by an insulating casing (18) of tubular shape, coupled in fixed manner to the main contact (12). The contacts (12, 14) are actuated by a device having a lever (24) in which each lever arm is coupled to a link, one of the links (32) being secured to the insulating casing (18) and the other link (34) being secured to the second contact (14). The guiding of the drive tube (18) on the main contacts (12b, 14b) makes it possible to improve breaking by keeping clean gas between said main contacts.

Abstract: An electrical switching apparatus is disclosed with a moveable insulating nozzle for blowing an arc. According to the invention, the insulating nozzle is connected in an interlocking and force-fitting manner to at least one moveable component part of the switching apparatus by means of a clamping device and without a screw connection. Exemplary embodiments relate, inter alia, to: a clamping hold of the insulating nozzle on the moving buffer cylinder and/or at the opposite end on a part to be moved, in particular a moveable shielding electrode or an auxiliary gear mechanism for a contact system, which is driven on both sides. Advantages include: simple fitting of the insulating nozzle, small physical volume of the clamping device; precise coaxial fixing of the insulating nozzle in relation to the switch axis.

Abstract: The invention provides a gas insulated switchgear, and a method for detecting arc damage in a part used in a gas insulated switchgear, which detect directly when an electric contact or a peripheral part reaches an initially set wear limit. An insulating nozzle of a circuit breaker contains a marking substance that releases a gaseous substance inside a circuit breaker gas container as a result of wear by an arc. For ensuring heat resistance and insulation properties, the insulating nozzle is ordinarily formed of a fluororesin, but in the present invention, it is formed of the ordinarily used fluororesin having uniformly mixed therein, as the marking substance, a chlorine-containing resin which has excellent heat resistance and insulation properties such as polyvinylidene chloride.

Abstract: A high-voltage circuit-breaker including a valve for decompressing a thermal blast chamber includes two contacts disposed in a breaking space which is delimited by a blast nozzle and contains a dielectric gas. It further includes a thermal blast chamber which communicates with the breaking space via a throat of the nozzle and with an expansion space via an evacuation passage which can be shut off by a valve. The valve opens when the pressure in the thermal blast chamber is greater than a particular threshold to evacuate the pressurized gas from the chamber. The evacuation passage is formed in the nozzle and defines a circular volume within the thickness of the nozzle, following its general shape, and opening into the expansion space downstream of the breaking space relative to the throat.

Abstract: In a high-voltage circuit breaker having two arcing contacts arranged coaxially relative to one another and having an insulating nozzle which in the closed state is blocked by a first arcing contact the first arcing contact has a shaft having a greater diameter and an end element having a smaller diameter, the shaft blocking a through-channel of the insulating body. The through-channel is cylindrical along a length that is smaller than the length of the end element. As a result, the extinguishing gas starts to flow when the end element is pulled back into the through-channel.

Abstract: A hollow contact tube is provided in a compressed gas-blast circuit breaker in order to improve dielectric properties. The outlet (6) of said contact tube cooperates with a deflecting body (9) and is surrounded by a fixed substantially hollow cylindrical flow director (8).

Abstract: A puffer type gas circuit breaker wherein an insulated nozzle made of heat proof resin and a movable arc contact are mounted on a puffer cylinder to perform an open/close operation of the contact. The insulated nozzle is divided into three areas of a downstream area, an area in the vicinity of the throat and an upstream area. The downstream area and the upstream area are made of heat proof resin alone, while the area in the vicinity of the throat is formed of heat proof resin mixed with an inorganic material such as boron nitride. A movable arc contact cover made of heat proof resin having a downstream area and an upstream area is provided between the insulated nozzle and the movable arc contact, and only the downstream area of the contact cover is made of heat proof resin mixed with inorganic material.

Abstract: A pole of a high- and/or medium-voltage circuit breaker, including an insulating housing, at least one, interruption chamber which is positioned inside the insulating housing and contains at least a moving contact and at least a fixed contact. A device for measuring the electric current flowing through the pole, and a dielectric gas, the particularity of which is the fact that said device for measuring the electric current flowing through the pole includes an optical current sensor arranged within a volume of the pole that is occupied by the dielectric gas.

Abstract: An insulating component for use in high-voltage switching equipment, especially gas-insulated switching gear. A nozzle made of an insulating material is used in a power switch. Portions of the surface of the nozzle subject to high dielectric stresses in use are provided with increased surface roughness in the form of grooves. These grooves may be cut by a lathe.

Abstract: A circuit-breaker including a moving assembly having a moving main contact (14) electrically connected to a first terminal (2A), a fixed assembly having a fixed arcing contact electrically connected to a resistance (5) which is connected to a second terminal (3A), and a temporary insertion assembly for temporarily inserting the resistance when closing the circuit-breaker. The fixed arcing contact is an elongated metal rod (11) having a first end (11A). The temporary insertion assembly includes a ring (22) that slides along and electrically contacts the metal rod. The ring has first contacts (25) that cooperate with the moving main contact (14), and second contacts (31) that cooperate with third contacts (32) connected electrically to the second terminal (3A). A first biasing member (29) biases a cylindrical insulating pusher (28) toward the moving assembly, and a second biasing member (40) biases the insertion assembly in the same direction.

Abstract: A compressed-gas circuit breaker is provided with two contacts arranged coaxially opposite one another, at least one of which can be driven to move in the axial direction. The two contacts define in the interrupted state a contact gap. The circuit breaker also has a nozzle, made of insulating material, which is connected to the driven contact and which surrounds at least part of the contact gap. The invention calls for a high-strength plastic tube abutting coaxially against the outside of the insulating nozzle in order to prevent the nozzle from expanding radially as a result of an increase in arc-extinguishing gas pressure.

Abstract: The movable nozzle of a puffer circuit interrupter has a coaxial cylindrical shield connected to its downstream end and the main movable contacts connected to its upstream end. The shield is electrically connected to the stationary contact terminal. The movable contact ring and coaxial shield at the upstream end of the nozzle define a well shielded open gap when the interrupter gap opens.

Abstract: The compressed gas-blast circuit breaker includes two moving contact members (1, 2) which are guided to move counter to one another along an axis (3) in a chamber which is filled with insulating gas. These contact members each have an arcing contact (8, 9) and a main current contact (6, 7). An insulating nozzle (10) mounted on a contact member (1) is moved directly by a drive, and compressed gas is passed, during disconnection, through the constriction (11) in the insulating nozzle (10) into an exhaust space (14) from a pressure space (12), which is independent of the switching travel, and/or from a compression space (19), which is operated by the contact members. Drive force is passed to a contact member (2), which absorbs force, from the directly-driven contact member (1), through an insulating part and a speed converter.

Abstract: A switch for use in electric power includes a fixed contact, a moving contact performing a switching operation with respect to the fixed contact, a cylinder working with the moving contact, a piston slidably provided in the cylinder, a buffer chamber which is surrounded by the cylinder and the piston, and is filled with an arc-extinguishing gas, and a second insulating nozzle mounted to an end of the cylinder on the side of the fixed contact, wherein the arc-extinguishing gas in the buffer chamber is sprayed through the nozzle on an arc generating between the fixed contact and the moving contact at an opening time of the moving contact.

Abstract: A dead tank high voltage SF.sub.6 circuit breaker has a stationary cylinder SF.sub.6 puffer section, an arc generated SF.sub.6 pressure blast section, a moving arcing contact plug, and a moving open position shield. The contacts are operated by a reduced size operating mechanism which can be used for both 145 kV and 242 kV circuit breakers.

Abstract: A vaporizable material, for example, a silicone, that is buried beneath the surface of a Teflon nozzle for a sulfur hexafluoride power circuit breaker in an area of the nozzle which is exposed to abrasion and wear due to arc products. In a similar manner, aluminum or titanium or some other vaporizable material is buried beneath the surface of the contact of the circuit interrupter which is exposed to abrasion and wear. When the buried layers are exposed due to abrasion of their covering surfaces, these materials will be vaporized and their presence will be sensed by sensors within the circuit interrupter, thus revealing some predetermined degree of wear of the surfaces of the nozzle and contact and other surfaces within the circuit interrupter which may also be subject to abrasion by arcing or arc products. When aluminum is used as the vaporizable material for the contact, it also senses the presence of flashover to aluminum exterior housings.

Abstract: A circuit-breaker includes first and second permanent contacts, a support tube for a mobile arc contact and a blast nozzle. At least one of these components is fixed via an interference fit. The blast nozzle abuts against one end of a tubular support member with an annular end flange. It bears at the opposite end against a first permanent contact end-piece which is fixed by a clamping ring to the annular flange of the support member.