Abstract: A cartridge heater, especially a compressed cartridge heater (1) has at least one heating coil (8, 9), which is arranged exposed in a metallic tubular body (2) and is embedded in a granulated insulating material. The ends of heating coil portions (8, 9) are provided with terminals (7) projecting from the tubular body (2). To make it possible to manufacture such a cartridge heater with minimal effort in terms of labor and material, a flat insulating plate (10) coordinated in its width with the internal diameter of the tubular body (2) is provided as the carrier. The heating coils (8, 9) extend along the two flat sides of the insulating plate (10) and the two heating coils (8, 9) are connected to one another by a coil section (12, 12?), which is led around a deflecting edge (27) of the insulating plate (10).

Abstract: A reactor for the conversion of biomass material includes an elongate annular chamber with an inner wall and an outer casing. A screw conveyor extends from one end into the chamber to feed biomass material. A heat source is provided within the inner wall of the chamber, and may be comprised of a series of permanent magnet assemblies mounted for rotation within a sleeve of electrically conductive material. The sleeve also serves as the inner wall of the chamber. Each magnet assembly includes a series of magnets spaced apart on a periphery of a circular support. A layer of insulating material is provided between the magnet assemblies and the sleeve. A rotatable shaft adapted for connection to a driving power source provides a mounting for the magnet assemblies.

Abstract: An electrical resistance heater element has a metal tube containing an electrical resistance coil that is electrically insulated from the metal tube by magnesium oxide powder, the coil being bonded to a conductor pin that protrudes from an open end of the tube. The powder is sealed against moisture by placing at least the open end of the tube within a chamber and immersing the open end within liquid silicone. A gas is pumped into the chamber to pressurize the silicone sufficiently to cause some of it to encroach into the powder through the open end of the tube. The heater element is installed within a heat exchanger with the silicone remaining uncured.

Abstract: An induction sealing device which may be used for producing packages of pourable food products by transversely sealing a tube of sheet packaging material having at least one layer of induction heatable material covered with plastic material. The sealing device has: a generator for generating an alternating power signal; an inductor receiving the alternating power signal to induce a parasitic electric current in the layer and locally melt the plastic material to form a transverse seal; and a matching circuit for achieving optimum power transfer between the generator and the inductor. The matching circuit includes an inductive-capacitive circuit, in which the capacitance of a variable capacitance capacitive element is adjustable so that the current-voltage phase angle is close to zero.

Abstract: A composite fabrication apparatus which may include a first tooling die and a second tooling die movable with respect to each other; a thermal control system having induction coils disposed in thermal contact with the first tooling die and the second tooling die; a first die susceptor provided on the first tooling die and a second die susceptor provided on the second tooling die and connected to the induction coils; and a cooling system disposed in thermal contact with the first tooling die and the second tooling die. A composite fabrication method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composite fabrication apparatus which may include a first tooling die and a second tooling die movable with respect to each other; a temperature control system having induction coils disposed in thermal contact with the first tooling die and the second tooling die; a first die susceptor provided on the first tooling die and a second die susceptor provided on the second tooling die and connected to the induction coils; and a cooling system disposed in thermal contact with the first tooling die and the second tooling die. A resin transfer system delivers resin from a resin source to the tooling dies to allow resin transfer molding. A composite fabrication method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A portable induction tool is provided for soldering or brazing sections of metal pipe together. A work coil head (with induction coil) is U-shaped, allowing placement of the head around lengths of pipe, heating a susceptor (e.g., the pipe) to form a joint, and then to be withdrawn after the pipe joint is made. In one form, the tool uses heat pipes to remove thermal energy from the head, and also a heat exchanger for higher-powered units. Power capacitors are generally included with the induction (work) coil to create a tank circuit of a resonant frequency. The induction coil uses Litz wire, copper tubing, or heat pipes with a conductive outer skin to carry the high-current being delivered to the induction coil. The induction coil has a general racetrack configuration, which is typically wound in a U-shape (or as a semicircle) as a single winding, with multiple turns.

Abstract: A heat cooking apparatus includes a supporting unit for supporting a cooking tool, a heating unit for heating the cooking tool, a receiving unit capable of receiving temperature data of the cooking tool transmitted in the form of infrared rays from the exterior, and a controlling unit for controlling the heating unit on the basis of temperature data received by the receiving unit.

Abstract: A method of disseminating to where it is required a substance that is advantageously disseminated after undergoing a heat-induced change of state or heat-induced fluidification, comprising the provision of the substance in a container that comprises a secondary induction coil, the container being adapted to be used in association with an apparatus provided with a primary induction coil, the coils being in a heat-providing relationship when the container is in association with the apparatus, and providing to the primary induction coil sufficient electricity to generate the necessary heat in the secondary induction coil. An apparatus to achieve this is also provided. Control of the temperature attained in the container may be regulated by choice of coil construction and positioning, thus permitting many different applications (air freshening, skin and hair care materials, cleaning and polishing materials) from a single base unit with a primary coil.

Abstract: A heat exchanging apparatus includes a heat generating tube of spiral form through which pure water flows, a short-circuit member for electrically short-circuiting ends of the heat generating tube, and a heating coil arranged to envelope the heat generating tube and the short-circuit member, for generating an electromagnetic induction power to heat the heat generating tube. The short-circuit member generates a short-circuit current according to the electromagnetic power and temperature-adjusts the heat generating tube. The heat generating tube adjusts the temperature of the pure water so that the temperature of the pure water flowing through the tube becomes a target temperature according to the temperature adjustment effect of the short-circuit current. In the apparatus, the flow-in port of the heat generating tube is grounded to earth to discharge electrification charges of a residual particle component related to the pure water, and fine the residual particle component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the prevention of fouling of process streams by the application of electric charge on process components. The electric charge may be attractive or repulsive to the foulants, they may be constant or variable and may be applied to any section of the process stream where convenient and wherein their preventive effects are optimized.

Abstract: The invention is an induction heating system comprising a first article having a metallic mesh lining; and a second article having a coil for receiving an alternating electrical current; wherein the coil induces a current in the metallic mesh lining when the second pad is placed in close proximity to the first pad and the coil receives an alternating electrical current; whereby the current induced in the metallic mesh lining causes the metallic mesh lining to generate heat that can be applied to a body through contact with the first article. Additionally, this inventive induction heating system may further comprise a controller circuit in the second article for detecting an eddy current in the coil and operating a switch to turn the alternating electrical current off when no eddy current is detected in the coil.

Abstract: An image heating device has a magnetic flux generator, a heat generating element for generating heat by a magnetic flux from the magnetic flux generator; a magnetic flux confining member, the magnetic flux confining member including a magnetic flux confining portion for confining the magnetic flux directed toward a predetermined region of the heat generating element at a predetermined magnetic flux confining position and a connecting portion connecting with the magnetic flux confining portion in a longitudinal direction of the heat generating element to hold the magnetic flux confining portion; and a moving unit for moving the magnetic flux confining member to a magnetic flux confining position or to a retracted position where the magnetic flux confining member is retracted from the magnetic flux confining position, wherein the connecting portion has a regulating member for preventing movement to the magnetic flux confining position.

Abstract: A method of welding plastic components using an induction weldable plastic material to a wall of a hollow plastic vessel entails providing a metal disk to a first plastic component, providing the first plastic component with a weldable plastic material, inserting the plastic component through a hole in a wall of the hollow plastic vessel, the inserting being from an exterior of the vessel to an interior of the vessel, positioning the first plastic component against or proximate an interior wall of the hollow plastic vessel, orienting an electro-magnet about the exterior of the vessel, orienting an induction coil about the electro-magnet such that the induction coil encircles the electromagnet; energizing the electro-magnet so that the metal disk of the first plastic component is secured against the wall of the vessel, and energizing the induction coil so that the induction weldable plastic material welds to the vessel wall.

Abstract: An electrical heater bundle has heater elements, each including a metal tube, an electrical resistance coil within the tube, a conductor pin connected to the coil and protruding from an end of the tube, and an electrical insulation powder surrounding the coil within the tube. A conical cavity is located in the insulation powder at the end of the tube, the cavity extending from an inner diameter of the tube to the conductor pin. The cavity is filled with an epoxy that is cured in place. The insulation powder may have an infiltrated layer at the cavity that is an uncured liquid silicone. The heater elements are mounted to a header plate, and the elements associated with the three different phases of electrical power may protrude past the header plate at different distances.

Abstract: A heat storage unit (2) includes a body having a passage (12) formed therein through which a flowable product passes. A heatable element (10) is incorporated within the body of the heat storage unit (2) in thermal communication with the passage (12). Meanwhile, a heat-retentive material (8) is in thermal communication with the heatable element (10). The heatable element (10) includes either a magnetically-compatible material or a microwave-compatible material that is heated by locating the heatable element in a field (F) generated by a charging device (6), for example.

Abstract: A heat storage unit (2) includes a body having a passage (12) formed therein through which a flowable product passes. A heatable element (10) is incorporated within the body of the heat storage unit (2) in thermal communication with the passage (12). The heatable element (10) includes either a magnetically-compatible material or a microwave-compatible material that is heated by locating the heatable element in a field (F) generated by a charging device (6), for example.

Abstract: A portable induction tool is provided for soldering or brazing sections of metal pipe together. A work coil head (with induction coil) is U-shaped, allowing placement of the head around lengths of pipe, heating a susceptor (e.g., the pipe) to form a joint, and then to be withdrawn after the pipe joint is made. In one form, the tool uses heat pipes to remove thermal energy from the head, and also a heat exchanger for higher-powered units. Power capacitors are generally included with the induction (work) coil to create a tank circuit of a resonant frequency. The induction coil uses Litz wire, copper tubing, or heat pipes with a conductive outer skin to carry the high-current being delivered to the induction coil. The induction coil has a general racetrack configuration, which is typically wound in a U-shape (or as a semicircle) as a single winding, with multiple turns.

Abstract: A portable induction tool is provided for soldering or brazing sections of metal pipe together. A work coil head (with induction coil) is U-shaped, allowing placement of the head around lengths of pipe, heating a susceptor (e.g., the pipe) to form a joint, and then to be withdrawn after the pipe joint is made. In one form, the tool uses heat pipes to remove thermal energy from the head, and also a heat exchanger for higher-powered units. Power capacitors are generally included with the induction (work) coil to create a tank circuit of a resonant frequency. The induction coil uses Litz wire, copper tubing, or heat pipes with a conductive outer skin to carry the high-current being delivered to the induction coil. The induction coil has a general racetrack configuration, which is typically wound in a U-shape (or as a semicircle) as a single winding, with multiple turns.

Abstract: The invention concerns a heater made of a material (5) responsive to induction and capable of sustaining high temperatures. It further comprises at least an insulating thickness with low thermal conductivity, in particular a low temperature insulation (3) and a high temperature insulation (4), said thickness being fixed at the back of the material. A field winding (2) is adjacent to the insulating thickness and separated from the material (5) by the latter.

Abstract: A single or multilayer smart susceptor for temperature control of part fabrication in an induction processing system generally consists of single layer or laminated layers of ferromagnetic material susceptible to heating by induction. The use of the susceptors in fabrication at elevated temperatures causes oxidation damage to the surface. The susceptor may be coated with a nickel aluminide surface coating to minimize oxidation of the susceptor outer surface.

Abstract: A single or multilayer smart susceptor for temperature control of part fabrication in an induction processing system generally consists of single layer or laminated layers of ferromagnetic material susceptible to heating by induction. The use of the susceptors in fabrication at elevated temperatures causes oxidation damage to the surface. The susceptor may be coated with a nickel aluminide surface coating to minimize oxidation of the susceptor outer surface.

Abstract: An induction heating and control system and method have enhanced reliability and advanced performance features for use with induction cooking devices, such as induction heating ranges. Enhanced performance is facilitated via the use of an induction heating system which integrates voltage management, power management, thermal management, digital control sensing and regulation systems, and protection systems management.

Abstract: The electromagnetic induction heating device has a simple construction, holds an object to be heated in a favorable heating condition while effectively suppressing the irregularities of heat generation of the object to be heated, and reduces an energy consumption. The electromagnetic induction heating device which heats the object to be heated provided with at least an electromagnetic induction heat generating layer includes a magnetic core made of magnetic material which is disposed in such a manner that it faces the electromagnetic induction heat generating layer of the object to be heated in an opposed manner, and an exciting coil which is wound around the magnetic core and generates a fluctuation magnetic field which penetrates the electromagnetic induction heat generating layer.

Abstract: An auxiliary heater is provided for heating a fluid flowing through a pipe. The heater includes a conductor mounted in proximity to the pipe. A magnet is opposed to the conductor with a small gap therebetween. Relative rotation is generated between the conductor and the magnet. The rotation causes the conductor to be heater by slip heat generation. The heated conductor, in turn, heats the fluid in the pipe.

Abstract: A screed for a paver has a baseplate and at least one tamper bar arranged in front of the baseplate. The tamper bar extends transversely to the paving direction and is movable in upward and downward directions by means of an eccentric drive and is capable of being electrically heated. At least one coil is provided, which is arranged so as to be adjacent to the tamper bar and to which a high-frequency current may be applied by means of an electrical current source. The current flowing through the coil induces eddy currents in the tamper bar such that the tamper bar becomes heated.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for improving the strength and quality of thermoplastic welds by annealing the weld following its formation at a temperature of at least about 500.degree. F. (i.e., about 125.degree. F. below the melt) for about 20 minutes to control cooling of the weld.

Abstract: A dual plate heater provides two parallel temperature self-regulating heater plates or wire mesh comprising ferromagnetic material with one or more electrically energized coils parallel to and located between the heater plates which coil(s) when energized by a constant current or by an otherwise controlled current heat the plates to their Curie temperature or temperatures. The coil may be a flat spiral of thin conductive (copper) wire embedded in a thin layer of a heat conductive, electrically non-conductive material between said plates whereby heat energy generated in the coil is supplied to the heater plates. The dual plate heater may be employed to heat plastic pipes to their butt welding temperatures after which the heater is removed to the ends of the pipes to be joined are brought into contact under pressure. The dual plate heaters may also be employed in other arrangements such as shelves in a dispensing machine.

Abstract: A temperature detecting apparatus, includes an excitation coil magnetically couplable with metal layer of a heater, the excitation coil being supplied with an AC electric energy; and a detector for detecting a voltage drop, across the excitation coil, which changes with temperature of the heater. The metal layer has a metal ring and the excitation coil is magnetically connected with the metal ring.

Abstract: A system for using a ferrite element to convert RF energy into heat consists only of the ferrite element, an RF generator and a cable connecting the ferrite element to the RF generator. No external impedance matching mechanism is needed, and the preferred form of the ferrite has a Curie temperature in excess of 150.degree. C., and has a lower cutoff frequency of about 10 KHz. The specific best mode ferrite element includes a formulation of MnO.sub.0.45 Zn.sub.0.3 FeO.sub.0.25 Fe.sub.2 O.sub.4. One use of the circuit is in the mining industry.

Abstract: A hybrid metal webbed composite beam includes a metal I or T web section and a composite cap formed over and adhered to the I or T web. The beam incorporates advantages of metals and composites in modern aerospace construction allowing thermoplastic welding of the beam to skins while having the strength of metal.

Abstract: Capitalizing on the unique feature of our induction heating workcell that permits rapid and controlled heating and cooling of a workpiece within a wide temperature range permits combining several manufacturing operations into a single heating cycle to save time, energy, capital, touch labor, and factory space. For example, we can combine superplastic forming (SPF) with brazing, two operations that occur at temperatures that differ by about 150-200.degree. F. (85-105-C.) or more, to produce quality parts. Or, we can combine SPF with .beta.-annealing; of titanium. Finally, we can combine forming, brazing, and annealing into an economical single cycle.

Abstract: For forming or consolidating organic matrix composites, for example, an organic matrix composite panel is sealed in a "retort" between sheets of a susceptor material that is susceptible to induction heating. The susceptor sheets are heated inductively. The sheets in turn conduct heat to the organic matrix composite panel. When heated to the desired temperature, the composite panel is consolidated and/or formed. In the present invention, the susceptor sheets are selected so that their magnetic permeability decreases to unity at approximately the desired operating temperature thereby limiting heating to this "Curie temperature" and providing substantial uniformity of temperature in the panel. Of course, the concept applies to other induction heating operations for metals including SPF, brazing, annealing, heat treating, bonding, hot pressing, and the like.

Abstract: A method for separating volatile components from a particulate base material by induction heating, which method comprises: heating a particulate base material in an induction heating vessel within a gas-tight reactor by induction heating; agitating said particulate base material by induction heated agitator means; introducing inert gas into said base material; and evacuating volatilized components from said particulate base material.A method for separating volatile components from a solid object by induction heating, which method comprises: positioning the solid object in an induction vessel of a gas-tight induction heating reactor, so that the object is surrounded by metal filings; heating said object surrounded by said metal filings by induction heating; injecting an inert gas into said metal filings; evacuating volatile components from within said reactor; and removing metal filings from the object.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for creating heat by electromagnetic induction between relatively rotating components. In RAT applications, part of the nose cone (34) is formed from electrically conductive material (106) which is in thermally conductive relation to the nose cone exterior. A magnetic field is created by components (60) that are spaced apart from the electrically conductive material and relatively rotatable with respect to that material. The electrically conductive material intersects the magnetic field, at least in part, such that eddy currents are created in the electrically conductive material by relative rotation with respect to the magnetic field. These eddy currents create heat which is conducted to the exterior surface of the RAT nose cone. Preferably, the magnetic field is created by a pair of spaced-apart permanent magnets (60) mounted on a support plate (62) inside the RAT hub (28) and immediately behind the nose cone.

Abstract: A hybrid metal webbed composite beam includes a metal I or T web section and a composite cap formed over and adhered to the I or T web. The beam incorporates the advantages of metals and composites in modern aerospace construction allowing thermoplastic welding of the beam to skins while having the strength of metal.

Abstract: A dual plate heater provides two parallel temperature self-regulating heater plates or wire mesh comprising ferromagnetic material with one or more electrically energized coils parallel to and located between the heater plates which coil(s) when energized by a constant current or by an otherwise controlled current heat the plates to their Curie temperature or temperatures. The coil may be a flat spiral of thin conductive (copper) wire embedded in a thin layer of a heat conductive, electrically non-conductive material between said plates whereby heat energy generated in the coil is supplied to the heater plates. The dual plate heater may be employed to heat plastic pipes to their butt welding temperatures after which the heater is removed to the ends of the pipes to be joined are brought into contact under pressure. The dual plate heaters may also be employed in other arrangements such as shelves in a dispensing machine.

Abstract: A multipurpose chuck apparatus (100) has a chamber (112) for holding a medium (114). The medium (114) is heated into a high temperature molten state by a radio frequency induction heating coil (130). The medium (114) heats up a semiconductor material (118) through a chuck member (116) that separates the medium (114) from the semiconductor material (118). The heating performed by the radio frequency induction heating coil (130) generates a fluid flow within the medium (114), providing a uniform temperature distribution throughout the medium (114). A magnetic rotation device (121) controls movement of rotating member (128) having a mixing member (122) and rotating fins (184) to ensure complete uniform temperature distribution throughout the medium (114), especially in the vicinity of the chuck member (116). An inlet cooling tube (122) and an outlet cooling tube (124), isolated from the medium (114) provide cooling fluid to the chuck member (116) for temperature control of the semiconductor material (118).

Abstract: A bendable synthetic resin tube includes a tube member made from thermoplastic synthetic resin, and a high-frequency induction heat generating layer which includes a heat generating member chiefly containing a material capable of inductively generating heat when subjected to high-frequency wave and a binder made from a material having the same properties as that of the tube member. The high-frequency induction heat generating layer extends continuously or noncontinuously along an entire cylindrical surface of the tube member in a longitudinal direction of the tube member. To bend this synthetic resin tube, a high-frequency wave is first irradiated onto only a bending portion of the synthetic resin tube, so as to heat and soften the bending portion. Then, the softened synthetic resin tube is deformed at the bending portion using a bending die. The bending portion is cooled down immediately after finishing the bending deformation of the synthetic resin tube.

Abstract: This invention provides a system for providing heating in an alternating magnetic field using lossy heat producing magnetic particles. This invention discloses a system comprising a combination of particles wherein the first particles are lossy heat producing particles, which have a preselected Curie temperature to provide self-regulating heating in the alternating magnetic field, and the second particles are nonlossy particles which have high permeability which are not heat producing particles but which maintain the coupling of the magnetic circuit and maintain the desired magnetic field focus and intensity through the area in which the first lossy heat producing particles are positioned.

Abstract: An interstitial heater, made of an electrically conductive tube with a wire wound in a toroidal configuration about the tube and connected to a capacitor to form a tank circuit, is driven with a radiofrequency power source at resonance to provide tissue heating by thermal conduction.

Abstract: A drop former includes an outer rotary steel body having circumferentially spaced openings which successively reach a lower discharge position to enable viscous material to drop onto a cooling conveyor from within the outer body. An inner steel body, which can be stationary or rotating, is situated within the outer body to direct viscous material to the openings as the openings reach the discharge portion. An electrical inductive heating coil is situated adjacent one or both of the bodies to inductively heat the body, avoiding excessive heating of the viscous material.

Abstract: An arrangement for severing a tension member of a permanent soil anchor of ferromagnetic material at a predetermined location includes a coil surrounding the tension member in a tubular manner at the predetermined location, wherein the coil is mountable together with the tension mender. A high temperature-resistant thermal insulation layer is provided underneath the coil and a tubular core is arranged between the high temperature-resistant layer and the tension member, so that the coil forms a primary winding and the core forms a first secondary winding and the tension member forms a second secondary winding. The tension member is severed by applying an electric current having a frequency of approximately 5 to 30 kHz and a voltage of approximately 500 to 800 V to the coil, so that the tensile strength of the tension member is reduced at the predetermined breaking point by the heat produced by induction resulting from the electric current.

Abstract: An inductively heatable reactor for effecting fluid phase chemical processes. The reactor comprises an inductively heatable, fluid permeable reactor element having at least one solid block in which is provided a plurality of fluid conveying ducts which extend through the reactor element in a substantially parallel arrangement from one end face thereof to the other.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for thermal cutting of workpieces, such as plate, made of materials which can be melted or decomposed thermally by means of a stream of liquid heated to a temperature above the melting or decomposition temperature of the workpiece to be cut. The stream of liquid serves to transport the heat used to melt or thermally decompose the workpiece to be cut and to induce momentum for the removal of the melted or thermally decomposed material from the workpiece. Apparatus to implement the process can comprise a crucible made of heat resistant material with an insertion opening to accept a metal wire or metal rod inserted into this opening in such a way as to be sealed. The wire is moved by feed rollers. A heating unit at the crucible melts the end of the wire or rod in the crucible. A discharge nozzle for the stream of molten metal produced.