Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the determination of the gas flux distribution in the shaft of a blast furnace. The invention is characterized in that: the temperature and optionally also the composition of the gas that has passed through the burden is measuring a probe located above the burden surface, in close vicinity to said surface, at different measurement point (1, 2, 3 . . . ) in the cross section of the shaft; and the temperature and composition of the gas mixture are measured at a point (I) located fiber away from the burden, in which point the gas is completely mixed; and the gas flux distribution is calculated by the use of energy and mass balances for a control volume (V) above the burden surface of the blast furnace, wherein the lower boundary of said volume (V) goes through the measurement points (1, 2, 3 . . . ) and the upper boundary of the volume (V) goes through the measurement point (I).

Abstract: Apparatus and method for sensing the operating condition of a burner temperature as the indicating variable. When the operating status is stable, the flue temperature should be nearly identical to that when the system was known to be in proper condition. During a time when the system is known to be in proper operating condition, the flue temperature is recorded during stable operation for a number of different firing rates. When identical or similar firing rates occur at a later time and operation is stable, the operating flue temperature is compared with the current flue temperature, and if substantially different, an operation status signal is set to a state indicating this change in operating condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring the operation of a rotary drum such as a rotary kiln while engaged in thermal processing of fine grained materials such as cement which involves measuring the temperature distribution existing instantaneously during such processing by means of one or more sensors which are not in contact with the drum and comparing the distribution with other parameters related to the thermal processing. Such other parameters may include, for example, the rate of fuel feed, the rate of raw material input, the drum speed, and the driving power supplied to the drum.

Abstract: A combustion control system having incorporated therein an electronic circuit for driving and controlling a proportional control valve provided on a fuel supply line to control the amount of combustion and thereby maintain the temperature of fluid to be heated by combustion at a constant level even when the amount of the fluid varies per unit time. The output voltage of a bridge circuit including a sensor for detecting the temperature of the fluid as a component is fed to operation amplifiers for differentiating, integrating and proportional amplification to control the control valve with the resulting output. The system is best suited for use in instantaneous water heaters.

Abstract: A system for monitoring the operation of a heating apparatus having a combustion chamber with associated air and fuel supplies and an exhaust path includes sensors for monitoring temperatures at the combustion chamber. A microprocessor and a display receives signals from these sensors and has a keypad to permit calculation and display of parameters indicative of proper operation of the heating system including fuel usage per unit time. Limit values can be stored in the processor memory to trigger alarms when temperatures or fuel usage exceed the set limits. Various measured and calculated values can be displayed.

Abstract: An air-curtain incinerator for burning energetic materials. Both the volume f air and the angle at which air enters the fire box are remotely controllable. The combustion process is monitored, and the air volume and angle at which air enters the fire box are controlled to minimize the production of air pollutants by the combustion of energetic materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved furnace fuel optimizer for more effectively controlling fuel consumption in a furnace and a method for using the furnace fuel optimizer. In particular, the invention relates to a furnace fuel optimizer which controls combustion air by maintaining a convective section differential pressure value or a convective section heat duty value while monitoring CO emissions in the flue gas and monitoring the draft below the convective section in order to obtain an optimum control value. The furnace fuel optimizer then regulates the furnace to correspond to the optimum control value by adjusting the air input to the furnace so that continuous furnace operation is possible at maximum efficiency.

Abstract: In a gas chromatography system of the type including an oven for the GC column, and an electric heater for controllably heating the oven; an improved system is disclosed for controllably opening and closing the oven door to enable a fully controlled heat leak, thereby to stabilize the oven temperature at a desired set point. A signal indicative by first or second conditions of an oven temperature above or below the set point is generated. A heater power control responds to one of the signal conditions by effecting heating of the oven. Bi-directional door motor and actuator means are provided for opening and closing the oven door over a prescribed operating range, and these means are enabled to operate for a predetermined period upon the signal in its first or second condition departing from preset threshold values for a predetermined period whereby closing or opening of the oven door is effected in incremental steps.