Abstract: A motor vehicle air conditioning installation has a cold loop, a hot loop, a sensor for measuring cabin temperature, a manual setting unit for setting demand values of cabin air parameters, and a control unit for defining the resulting required adjustments to be made to the various components of the cold and hot loops. The control unit includes a temperature estimating module which generates an estimated value of the outside temperature, either from (a) the measured value of cabin temperature (in stabilized operation of the installation), or (b) a temperature value stored in a sub-memory of the control unit (when the installation is converging towards its stabilized mode).

Abstract: An air conditioning system for vehicles has a cooling circuit and a radiator supplying cooling water to an engine. The cooling circuit includes a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator. The system includes a water temperature sensor for detecting a water temperature in the radiator, and a control device for selectively controlling the opening of ports to allow temperature controlled air to flow into an interior of a vehicle, in accordance with the water temperature, detected by the water temperature sensor, and a target conditioned air temperature. In the system, the power to an air conditioner may be appropriately restricted, and the amount of heat radiation at the condenser may also be appropriately restricted. Consequently, the water temperature in the radiator may be prevented from becoming too hot, thereby preventing instances of overheating and preventing a warning of a potential overheat.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for controlling discharged-air temperature for a vehicular air-conditioning system, comprising a duct, a cooling medium circuit, a heating medium circuit, an air-mixing unit, and an automatic air-conditioning ECU. The automatic air-conditioning ECU performs air-mixing control for cold air and hot air by means of the air-mixing unit to adjust the temperature of air discharged from a face outlet into a passenger's compartment only when an estimated discharged-air temperature in an operation mode is not lower than a reference temperature setting.

Abstract: Method and system for predicting air discharge temperature in a control system which controls an automotive HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system using a model. The model is based on signals generated by various climate control sensors and actuation outputs to predict air discharge temperature without the need for an additional sensor. The model allows the avoidance of uncomfortable air discharge temperatures to thereby increase passenger comfort.

Abstract: The description relates to a device for air conditioning control in an air-conditioned room containing textile machines, especially circular spinning and spooling machines, with an air feed and an air discharge duct connecting the air-conditioned room to the air conditioning unit. A first set of sensors for measuring the temperature and relative humidity of the air in the room is connected for the control purposes to a first regulating circuit, and a second set of sensors for measuring the temperature and relative humidity of the feed air is connected for control purposes to a second regulating circuit. The first and second regulating circuits are connected in cascade, the first regulating circuit supplying a reference value to the second regulating circuit which controls the adjusting components of the air conditioning unit.

Abstract: A supplementary vehicle heater is provided which includes a burner, a heat exchanger, a coolant conduit connected to the heat exchanger and a coolant pump connected to the conduit. There are controls which are operatively connected to the burner and the coolant pump which operate the heater in a first mode when the engine is stopped to preheat the engine or keep the engine warm. The controls operate the heater in a second mode when the engine is running to improve heating of vehicle interior. Preferably the controls include automatic controls which engine coolant temperature. The controls cause the burner and pump to function when the engine is running and the coolant temperature is below preset temperature.

Abstract: An automatic interior temperature control system for an automotive vehicle capable of controlling heat flux in response to changes in ambient temperature, outlet temperature, sun load and air flow by taking into account the relationship between these four variables in accordance with thermodynamic principles wherein an adjustment in heat flux corrects interior temperature error.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling the air condition and heating within a vehicle interior compartment, in which the apparatus includes a fan (13), heat exchangers (14, 15), temperature sensors (26, 27, 28) and a solar sensor (29) and temperature control (47) for setting a desired temperature. The apparatus further includes a control unit (46) which is operative to calculate a theoretical interior temperature T.sub.I based only upon information from sensors (26, 29) sensing the external heat load of the compartment, a sensor (27) sensing the temperature of the air supplied to the compartment and fan current representative of the volume of air supplied to the compartment. The control unit (46) compares this theoretical interior temperature T.sub.I with the preset temperature T.sub.ISet , calculates the difference .DELTA.T.sub.I, and then controls air flow and mixed temperature T.sub.M to readjust or maintain the interior temperature within the compartment (19) at the preset temperature T.sub.ISet.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving heating system efficiency. An electronic circuit senses a firing signal from a boiler energy value sensor such as a thermostat or pressuretrol. The circuit prevents the boiler energy value sensor from firing the burner, while the circuit senses an energy value of the outflow line at the boiler. The circuit monitors the outflow energy value and records the outflow energy value at a first time of the firing signal. The circuit then continually monitors the outflow energy until it detects an energy drop from the initial outflow energy value. The circuit responds to the energy drop by firing the burner. The invention self adaptively responds to present thermal load, reduces the number of on-off cycles, increases each burner run time while reducing total run time, improves fuel consumption, and reduces air pollution.

Abstract: A heating system having a primary heat source such as a heat pump, and a supplemental heat source, such as a resistive heater, that is used to complement the heat generated by the primary heat source. Heat is generated by the entire supplemental heat source when the difference between a target temperature and the actual temperature for a space being heated exceeds an extreme predetermined threshold value. Heat is generated by a limited portion of the supplemental heat source when the difference is less than the extreme predetermined threshold value but is greater than another, less extreme, predetermined threshold value. The limited portion of the supplemental heat source is energized and de-energized as needed to generate the amount of heat necessary to achieve a duct temperature setpoint when combined with the heat from the primary heat source.

Abstract: A method for automatically adjusting the temperature of the boiler water in a hot water heating system in proportion to changes in the heat demand rate in the space heated by the boiler water wherein the change in heat demand rate is established on the basis of the off-time interval in the cyclic off and on activation of the pump which circulates the boiler water through heat radiators in the space being heated. The circulating pump off times are measured, and the boiler water temperature is continuously measured. The change in space heat demand rates is calculated by calculating the change in the length of the off-time intervals of the circulating pump. The boiler water control circuits are activated to adjust the boiler water temperature control set points upward or downward in direct proportion to the change in the calculated space heat demand rate. Apparatus for conducting the method.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus for a passenger compartment of a vehicle includes an air duct having an inlet for receiving air to be conditioned, an air conditioner, and both face and foot outlets for supplying conditioned air into the passenger compartment. The air conditioner controls temperatures of the conditioned air from the face outlet and the foot outlet independently. The required temperature of the conditioned air from the independently controlled foot and face outlets is computed based on an inside air temperature, an outside air temperature, and the temperature set in the passenger compartment. A target supply air-temperature is computed in a bi-level mode based on an amount of sunlight in the passenger compartment, and is corrected as between the foot and face outlets such that air from the face outlet compensates for temperature differentials as between the passenger's feet and face due to sunlight, etc.

Abstract: A temperature control unit is incorporated directly into the printhead of an ink jet printing system to provide temperature control. The temperature control system includes a heat pump assembly consisting of at least one thermoelectric device, coupled to a heat exchanger through which the ink flows. The thermoelectric device conveys heat to or from the heat exchanger carrying the ink depending upon actual ink temperature versus a desired temperature. If the ink is too hot, excess heat is dumped to a heat exchanger (or second heat exchanger) which may be air or liquid cooled. In the event that the ink is too cool, the electrical current to the TED is reversed and heat is pumped to the ink from the heat exchangers.

Abstract: An evaporator and heater core are provided within a cooling unit so that the flow rate of the heating medium flowing into the heater core can be adjusted with a 3-way valve. The target outlet temperature of the air discharged into the space being temperature controlled is calculated based upon the temperature of the air taken into the cooling unit and the temperature setting that is set at the temperature setting device. The openness of the 3-way valve is adjusted in such a manner that the temperature of the air outlet from the cooling unit is adjusted toward the target outlet temperature when the intake air temperature has entered a specific temperature setting range. Also, for each storage compartment, unit fans, an evaporator and a heater core are provided, housed within a unit case. The evaporators are connected in parallel to a common compressor to adjust the flow rates of the coolant with a solenoid valve.

Abstract: A control system for an automotive air conditioner has an ambient air temperature sensor; a solar radiation quantity sensor; a passenger room temperature sensor; a cooled air temperature sensor; an air-mix door open degree sensor; and a bypass door open degree sensor.

Abstract: A hydronic heating system having a source of hot supply water and a reservoir of cooler return water, a supply water line from the source, a return water line to the reservoir and at least one heating loop through which water flows from the supply line to the return line, a three-way valve for feeding return water from the return water line to the supply water line to reduce the temperature of water flow to said heating loop and a valve feedback controller for varying the temperature of water flow to the heating loop, has an input to the valve controller representative of outdoor temperature, so that the temperature of water flow to the heating loop is increased or reduced when outdoor temperature falls or rises, respectively.

Abstract: An evaporator and heater core are provided within a cooling unit so that the flow rate of the heating medium flowing into the heater core can be adjusted with a 3-way valve. The target outlet temperature of the air discharged into the space being temperature controlled is calculated based upon the temperature of the air taken into the cooling unit and the temperature setting that is set at the temperature setting device. The openness of the 3-way valve is adjusted in such a manner that the temperature of the air outlet from the cooling unit is adjusted toward the target outlet temperature when the intake air temperature has entered a specific temperature setting range. Also, for each storage compartment, unit fans, an evaporator and a heater core are provided, housed within a unit case. The evaporators are connected in parallel to a common compressor to adjust the flow rates of the coolant with a solenoid valve.

Abstract: A system for automatically controlling a drain valve connected to a sootblower steam piping system utilizes two temperature measurements, one near the steam source and the other near the drain valve. Comparison of the difference in steam temperature between these two locations with an adjustable temperature setpoint allows the drain valve to be opened to drain condensate and maintain minimum allowable superheat over a wide range of conditions. The system allows the temperature sensing to "float" with steam source conditions, since it is continuously adjusted to compensate for steam source temperature and ambient temperature changes.

Abstract: An adaptive electronic climate control (ECC) system for a vehicle that allows adjustments to the temperature setting and blower speed controls of the ECC system to teach the system to automatically be set to the vehicle operator's comfort level. If the vehicle operator adjusts the temperature set point at a particular ambient air temperature, the system will store this change for that ambient air temperature. Once the change has been validated, the next time the system encounters that ambient air temperature, the system will automatically provide the appropriate air mixture as previously set by the vehicle operator. Further, when the vehicle operator adjusts the blower speed, the system will gradually adapt the blower speed to that which is set by the vehicle operator for a particular set of vehicle parameters that affect the climate within the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and device is provided for regulating or controlling the temperature of an interior, especially for a motor vehicle. An interior temperature regulation mode is provided if an interior temperature sensor and a blowing-out temperature sensor have been connected such that they can operate. A blowing-out temperature regulation mode is provided if only the blowing-out temperature sensor has been connected such that it can operate. Or, a reversionary control mode is provided if no temperature sensor which can operate is present, for which purpose a control and regulating device is correspondingly configured. The control and regulating device can be used for various types of vehicles. A blowing-out temperature regulation mode is also implemented if an open roof is identified in the case of a convertible vehicle.

Abstract: A control system for effecting ultra-precision temperature control for a controlled system having large load fluctuations or including a dead time component. A control unit (5) instructs a high-precision PID temperature controller (10) to renew and correct a control target value T.sub.0,NEW for the supply fluid temperature T.sub.0 only by a temperature difference .DELTA.T=T.sub.C -T.sub.2 between a set value T.sub.C for the return fluid temperature T.sub.2 of a heat transfer fluid and the actually controlled return fluid temperature T.sub.2. In response to the instruction, the high-precision PID temperature controller (10) controls the heating power of a heater (17) for heating control through a constant-power thyristor phase controller (16). The heater (17) heats the heat transfer fluid and sends it to a machining apparatus (1) through a closed damping tank (21). The heat transfer fluid exchanges heat with the machining apparatus (1) and is then returned to a precooling means.

Abstract: In a method of controlling a sluggish heating and cooling system for buildings, that due to a high heat capacity reacts with delayed temperature changes, the exterior temperature is measured, an average projected temperature value of the exterior temperature based on previously measured exterior temperatures is extrapolated, and the heating and cooling system is switched based on the average projected temperature value.

Abstract: Method and control system for controlling an automotive HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system to prevent the discharge of air within a predetermined temperature range. The control system responds to signals generated by various climate control sensors to prevent the HVAC system from producing air at an uncomfortable range of temperatures. Fuzzy logic calculations are performed based on fuzzy rules and membership functions to provide nonlinear compensation and to allow the control to be expressed in the same heuristic terms that an occupant could use in describing the level of comfort.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device capable of obtaining a suitable blow-out temperature through one passage from the initial period of change even when the air-conditioning operation in which either a first passage or a second passage is closed is changed into an operation condition in which it is opened. A feet mode in which the hot air is blown to the feet of a passenger from a second passage 7, is changed to a bilevel mode in which a first passage 6 that communicates with the upper half body of the passenger is switched from the closed state to the open state. During a predetermined period of time in the initial period following the change, the temperature blown from the first passage 6 is determined based upon a blow-out temperature of the second passage 7 and a desired blow-out temperature TAOV of the first passage 6.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for checking the position and condition of a return air temperature sensor in a refrigeration system. The refrigeration system draws air from a served space in heat exchange relation with an evaporator coil, and discharges conditioned air into the served space, to maintain a predetermined set point temperature SP via selectable refrigeration cycles. The return air sensor provides a value RA responsive to the temperature of the air on the return side of the evaporator coil. A discharge air temperature sensor provides a value DA responsive to the temperature of the air on the discharge side of the evaporator coil, an evaporator coil temperature sensor provides a value ECT responsive to the temperature of the evaporator coil, and an ambient air temperature sensor provides a value AA responsive to the temperature of the ambient air.

Abstract: A heating system has a primary heat source such as a heat pump, with a capacity that occasionally needs to be supplemented from a supplemental heat source such as an electrical resistance heater. The heating system heats and circulates a medium such as air via supply and return ducts. A thermostat responsive to the heated space has two outputs for operation at different user-selected temperatures defining stages of operation at which the primary and secondary heat sources are normally drawn upon. The invention controls the duct temperature by activating the supplemental heat source according to a further setpoint, that is adjusted by a processor or other control circuit. A temperature sensor allows the control circuit to determine the duct temperature. The control circuit is also coupled to the two thermostat outputs and to a memory register storing the variable duct temperature setpoint.

Abstract: This invention provides an arrangements for the method of control of a boiler heating capacity for a hydronic heating system, which is recommended for a heat supply to a single building or to a group of buildings. The control of heating system capacity is provided by changing the boiler supply hot water temperature inversely with the outside air temperature measured by a momentary temperature sensor and transformed by a temperature converter. The control is achieved by changing fuel supply to a burner of a boiler proportionally to a disagreement between a boiler supply water temperature and determined value of the outside air temperature. It is, however, obvious that the same method of control can be used for steam boilers and for chillers to control buildings space heating and space cooling as well.

Abstract: An apparatus accurately controls output water temperature of an instantaneous water heater to maintain a desired outlet temperature. A first electronic sensing device senses a flow of water through the heater, and an ignition sequence commences when flow has been detected. A second electronic sensing device senses an outlet water temperature of the heater, and a third electronic sensing device senses a midway water temperature of the heater. The burner output or outputs are controlled to maintain the desired outlet temperature, based on changes in water flow and incoming water temperature. With multiple burners, the burner outputs are staged to accurately control the output water temperature of the instantaneous water heater to maintain the desired outlet temperature.

Abstract: An automobile air-conditioner wherein a controlled variable used to determine the control mode of a component of the air-conditioner is corrected or restricted according to the amount of shifting of the head part setting temperature for driving the component of the air-conditioner based on the corrected or restricted controlled variable. With this arrangement, an occupant of the automobile senses an enhanced change of the air-conditioning operation when the head part setting temperature is changed.

Abstract: A heater core 21 is connected to an engine cooling water line via an inlet passageway 43 and a return passageway 45. A first valve 25a is provided for controlling the amount of high temperature water introduced to the heater core 21, and a second valve 25b is provided for a re-circulation of low temperature water that has passed through the heater core, via a re-circulation passageway 46. The amount of high temperature engine cooling water supplied to the heater core 21 and the amount of low temperature cooling water from the heater core 21 passed through the return passageway 46 are controlled by an on-off manner control of the first and second valves 25a and 25b, respectively, and thus a ratio of a mixture of the high temperature water and the low temperature water, which corresponds to a time average value of the temperature of the cooling water introduced into the heater core, is controlled in accordance with a duty ratio of the on-off signals operating the valves 25 a and 25b.

Abstract: A control system for a fan coil of an air-conditioner having a fan for heat exchange, and a coil unit through which cool or hot water circulates to cool or heat the room by heat exchange with the room air, wherein an automatic change is carried out between a cooling operation and a heating operation, referring to the temperature of distributed cool or hot water detected by a water temperature sensor, and a room temperature is controlled by opening or closing an electromagnetic valve disposed in a water distribution system, referring to a room temperature detected by a room temperature sensor. When the system is turned on from its inoperative state, the electromagnetic valve is forcibly opened for a predetermined period of time for the control system for a fan coil to sufficiently detect the temperature of cool or hot water, and to prevent an erroneous change of operation.

Abstract: An automobile air-conditioner wherein a controlled variable used to determine the control mode of a component of the air-conditioner is corrected or restricted according to the amount of shifting of the head part setting temperature for driving the component of the air-conditioner based on the corrected or restricted controlled variable. With this arrangement, an occupant of the automobile senses an enhanced change of the air-conditioning operation when the head part setting temperature is changed.

Abstract: A temperature control system and method for maintaining the temperature of air within an air pressure controlled enclosure at a desired temperature. The system uses an energy flow model to determine the temperature to which the air supplied to the enclosure must be heated to attain the desired temperature within the enclosure. The energy flow model determines the desired supply air temperature based on the temperature and flow rate of the supply air, the current temperature of the air in the enclosure, the heat transfer rate within the enclosure, and the temperature and flow rate of make-up air entering the enclosure.

Abstract: A temperature control apparatus for a machine tool includes four temperature sensors for detecting a reference temperature, outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid at an outlet of a heat exchanger, and temperatures of the heat transfer fluid at both inlet and an outlet of a machine tool element having a heat generating source. The four temperature sensors are arranged to constitute a differential temperature detecting means that activates control means to control temperature of the heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger so as to minimize both deviations of heat transfer fluid temperature and steady-state deviations of machine tool body temperature.

Abstract: The invention is an improved method for controlling a boiler used in a building space heating system. Certain control parameters such as outdoor ambient temperature and return line water temperature are monitored and boiler firing and quiescence are controlled as a function of a combination of water and ambient temperatures. This helps limit the time required to bring the system up to operating temperature. In general, the lower the ambient, the higher will be the return line water temperature which will initiate firing. And there are combinations of such temperatures at which the boiler is maintained quiescent notwithstanding a call for heat and other combinations at which the boiler is fired in the absence of a call for heat. Several control routines are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of operating a transport refrigeration system having a compressor driven by a prime mover at a selected one of high and low speeds, an evaporator, and an evaporator blower driven by the prime mover. Refrigeration control provides an error value which controls the temperature of a load space to a predetermined set point via heating and cooling modes. The method includes the steps of driving the compressor at high speed during pull down, and injecting hot gas into the evaporator when the error is reduced to a predetermined value. The prime mover is maintained at high speed, to keep evaporator air flow at a high rate, continuing a relatively rapid temperature pull-down across the entire load space. The speed of the prime mover is reduced to low speed when the error is further reduced to a second value, which also initiates suction line modulation while maintaining hot gas injection.

Abstract: An automobile air conditioning system has a bypass air passage for directing air, before it is heated, to a car interior via a vent outlet. A bypass door is disposed in the bypass air passage, which has an opening which is automatically controlled according to a desired air conditioning temperature in an automatic air conditioning mode. The bypass door control can be intentionally changed to a mild control mode, in which the opening of the bypass door is automatically controlled to become smaller as the temperature of air, which either is in the bypass passage or is to be introduced into the bypass passage, becomes lower in a predetermined range of temperatures.

Abstract: A thermal reactor, and a method of operating the thermal reactor, in which the thermal reactor includes: a chamber which is thermally isolated by refrigerated air circulating in the walls of the chamber, and which holds a tray of sample vials; means for supplying air to the chamber and for exhausting air from the chamber; heaters for heating the air supplied to the chamber; sensors for sensing the temperature of the air supplied to the chamber and of the sample vials, and a computer which pulses the heaters according to the measured temperatures of the vials and the air in the chamber to maintain the temperature of the vials at a desired level.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for cooling a given device which is incorporated in a computer or similar electronic equipment and generates heat by circulating a liquid coolant through the device of interest. A secondary cooling liquid exchanges heat with a primary cooling liquid in a heat exchanger and then flows into the device of the equipment. When the difference in temperature between the secondary cooling liquid and the interior of the equipment decreases beyond a predetermined value, a heat exchanging mechanism is caused to stop operating. On the increase of the difference in temperature beyond the predetermined value, the heat exchanging mechanism is caused to begin operating again. Alternatively, the operation of a secondary cooling liquid feeding mechanism may be interrupted and then set up again on the basis for the above-mentioned difference in temperature.

Abstract: An automatic control system for regulating the temperature of blower air discharged over a heater core to a vehicle passenger compartment. A thermistor is disposed to sense discharge air adjacent the heater core and provide a temperature signal. An electrical indication is provided of the condition of a servomotor driven valve controlling water flow to the heater core. An electrical reference signal is provided indicative of a user selected relative change of flow discharge air temperature. A signal is provided indicating inlet pressure to the valve controlling flow of liquid to the heater core. The signals are summed; and, the valve servo driven until the sum is zero modulating the valve to maintain the sum at zero for regulating blower air discharge temperature at a constant level.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling operation of a heating system (particularly a central heating system) including a boiler directly heating and passing water to a pipe network proide for sensing the temperature of the pipe network at a position therein remote from the boiler and controlling operation of the boiler in accordance with that sensed temperature. The apparatus includes switch means (operational amplifiers or comparators)--responsive to a voltage output by a device including a transducer sensing the temperature of the pipe network and--operable to allow the boiler to fire until the sensed temperature reaches a first level and then prevent the boiler firing until the sensed temperature falls below a second level less than the first. The two temperature levels may be varied, and the second level may be varied in dependence upon an ambient temperature remote from an area being heated.

Abstract: An automobile air conditioner system including a refrigerant circuit having a condenser, expansion element, evaporator and wobble plate type compressor with a variable displacement mechanism. Two passages communicate between the crank chamber and the suction chamber in the cylinder block. A bellows is disposed in a first passage and controls the communication between the crank chamber and the suction chamber response to crank chamber pressure. A control valve is disposed in the second passage and controls communication between the crank chamber and the suction chamber in the second passage in response to a signal representing the temperature of the air immediately leaving from the evaporator. An electric clutch is mounted on the compressor in order to intermittently transmit the rotational motion of an automobile engine to the drive shaft of the compressor in response to the signal.

Abstract: A water heater controller including hot water supply temperature sensor, a return water temperature sensor, a cold water flow sensor, a recirculation loop ambient temperature sensor, and a processor and control unit for controlling the heating of water and the circulation of water.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system controls the temperature of the air flow such that a deviation of an interior temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle determined by an interior temperature sensor from a givable desired temperature becomes minimal (interior temperature control). In the case of vehicles with closable vehicle body openings, such as a convertible, a switching device is provided which detects the condition of the vehicle body opening and, when the vehicle is open, causes a switching-over of the air-conditioning system from interior temperature control mode to a blow-out temperature control mode.

Abstract: In an air-conditioner for automobiles, cooled air having passed through an evaporator is immediately introduced through a cooled air bypass passage into the vehicle passenger compartment. The opening of a bypass door disposed in the bypass passage is adjusted based on a head part total signal corresponding to a thermal load in the vicinity of the head of an occupant which is obtained in view of the current discharge mode, or an auxiliary total signal corresponding to a thermal load in the vehicle passenger compartment which is obtained in view of the current discharge mode. With this arrangement, the occupant does never feel excess cold when the discharge mode is changed and hence a feeling of comfortableness toward the air-conditioning can be maintained.

Abstract: A temperature control system for a passenger van having individual temperature selection controls for passengers in the forward and rear sections of the passenger compartment. Separate exothermic heat exchangers for circulation of engine coolant therethrough are provided for the forward and rear passengers. Each heat exchanger is supplied by a coolant control valve and individual blowers provide a stream of forced air over the heat exchangers. A thermistor senses the temperature of the air discharge over each heat exchanger and a controller sums the sensed temperature signal with a user selected relative temperature reference signal provided independently by the forward and/or rear passenger selector inputs and a valve position signal; and, the controller generates a control signal proportional to the summation.

Abstract: An automatic air conditioning system for automotive vehicles including discharge outlets for discharging conditioned air comprises a plurality of louvers utilizing a number of fins, a discharge outlet actuator for controlling the fins, and a controller for determining that the environmental conditions of the vehiclular cabin are in either, a cool-down state wherein a cabin temperature in the vehicular cabin is excessively higher than a target cabin temperature, a steady state wherein the cabin temperature is essentially equal to the target cabin temperature, or a transient state between the cool-down state and the steady state. The controller controls the discharge outlet actuator so as to vary the discharge mode of the conditioned air discharged from the discharge outlets in one of three discharge modes in response to the environmental conditions.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an automobile air-conditioner so constructed as to calculate a target discharge air temperature based on a control parameter determined by the vehicle compartment temperature and the outside air temperature, then control a component of the air-conditioner according to a result of the calculation. The control parameter is obtained by interpolation of experimentally determined reference data with the present vehicle compartment temperature and the present outside air temperature. With this arrangement, a fine temperature control can be achieved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conserving energy in the operation of a conventional air conditioning system in a large building employing a condenser, an evaporator, a chilled water circuit, and a refrigerant compressor or heat source in an absorption-type air conditioner wherein the chilled water flow is modulated to match the actual cooling load needed in the building, and when utilized in an air conditioning system having multiple air conditioning units one or more of the air conditioning units is turned off along with associated pumps and valves.

Abstract: To reduce the heat present in hot hydraulic oil, the oil is passed through a heat exchanger in heat exchange relation with water. The temperature of the water entering the exchanger is at least 28.degree. C. and the quantity of water circulated through the exchanger is such that the difference between the ingoing and outgoing temperatures of the oil at the heat exchanger is not more than 10.degree. C.