Abstract: A sleeper for supporting rails within a section of track for rail vehicles is provided, wherein the sleeper has elongated reinforcing elements extending along a longitudinal axis of the sleeper and is produced as a solid material sleeper having a cavity which extends between the reinforcing elements and from at least one outer face of the sleeper into the interior of the sleeper, and wherein the sleeper is designed for use with at least two different measurement value pick-up systems, wherein one of the measurement value pick-up systems is a temperature measurement value pick-up system having an infrared sensor which is accommodated by insertion into the cavity.

Abstract: Apparatus and methodology are disclosed pertaining to selecting from a stockpile of used and discarded ties those which can be restored for a second use, removing accumulated scale from the selected used ties, redimensioning the selected ties to a usable smaller size, filling and sealing tie end cracks with a suitable filler, transversely compressing the ties to substantially close the adhesive-filled cracks, applying a permanent fastener to retain the compressed state of the closed and sealed tie cracks and externally treating the fastened ties with pesticide and anti-rotting composition or compositions.

Abstract: An encapsulated railroad tie structure and its method of manufacture. A core of laminated wood slats is inserted into an extruded sleeve of scrap tire rubber and polyurethane. A urethane adhesive laminates the wood slats together and serves as a lubricant and bonding agent for placement and secured engagement of the sleeve about the core. End caps are securely engaged to both the core and sleeve. The core may be provided with bores and grooves to receive sensors and conductors interconnected with a processor and transponder maintained in an end cap. The end cap also maintains a photovoltaic device and power source for the active elements of the railroad tie structure. The core may also be manufactured of a wood or other natural fiber giving the core a desired flex modulus to provide for better control and serviceability of associated rails and railway cars.

Abstract: Coating adhesion on wooden members, such as wooden railroad crossties, is improved through use of three surface-treating techniques prior to application of the coating. The first technique involves forming grooves on the surface of the wooden article, the second technique involves exposing the wooden article to heat to reduce the moisture content of the surface of the wooden article, and the third technique involves creating incisions on the surface of the wooden article to further promote adhesion. The techniques may be advantageously used together to further enhance coating adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for retaining the rails of a railroad on the cross ties. Also disclosed herein is a novel railroad cross tie which has superior life expectancy as well as damping capability and is highly resistant to the elements of nature.A hollow metallic tie element has disposed therein a plurality of support blocks which are constrained within the tie member. An overlying rail member is secured to the tie through the block members by bolt means which run between the rail, tie dampers, and support collars.