Abstract: Methods and apparatus to provide an integrated circuit package having a conductive leadframe, a non-conductive die paddle mechanically coupled to the leadframe, and a die disposed on the die paddle and electrically connected to the leadframe. With this arrangement, eddy currents are reduced near the magnetic field transducer to reduce interference with magnetic fields.

Abstract: A base structure of a turnout, which has high durability and is capable of reliably preventing lateral displacement, is disclosed. The base structure of the turnout comprises a set of steel sleepers 1A, which is installed on the track bed and can be filled with ballast. The set of steel sleepers 1A comprises a plurality of steel sleepers 2a, 2b, 2c having a substantially same configuration and different lengths, which are arranged in parallel to each other at predetermined intervals with the length varying stepwise from the shortest steel sleeper 2a to the longest steel sleeper 2c, with end faces on both sides of the longitudinal direction of all steel sleepers are capped with sleeper tie members 3, 4, and 5 or 6, and a portion, or all, of the sleeper tie members are embedded in the track bed.

Abstract: According to the invention a railway turnout comprises two wing rails and a point, carried on a frog, which includes a nose, the running surface of which is substantially co-planar with the running surfaces of the rail of the turnout, the wing rails being provided with tread surface inserts inclined upwardly above the plane of the running surfaces, the incline of the wing rails extending longitudinally along the wing rails towards the heels thereof and commencing at a point corresponding to the point of deviation from the gauge line, of the wing rail, the tread surface of the wing rails being shaped, in cross section, from the edge adjacent the gauge line, at an angle corresponding to the shape of the average worn car wheel and the angles of the incline and the slope being dependent on the taper on the wheels and on the angle of deflection of the turnout.