Abstract: A method of prepping a surface using a high-frequency forced pulsed waterjet entails generating a high-frequency signal having a frequency f using a high-frequency signal generator, applying the high-frequency signal to a transducer having a microtip to cause the microtip of the transducer to vibrate to thereby generate a forced pulsed waterjet through an exit orifice of a nozzle having an exit orifice diameter d and a length L. The forced pulsed waterjet prepares the surface to within a predetermined range of surface roughness. The surface roughness is determined by selecting operating parameters comprising a standoff distance (SD), a traverse velocity VTR of the nozzle, a water pressure P, a water flow rate Q, a length-to-diameter (L/d) ratio, a microtip-to-orifice distance (a), the frequency f, and an amplitude A of the high-frequency signal.

Abstract: Ultrasonic nozzle devices without a central channel but employing a design of cascaded multiple Fourier horns in resonance produce micrometer-sized monodisperse or narrowly-sized droplets with greatly reduced electrical drive power requirements. The liquid to be atomized is brought externally to or adjacent to the endface of the nozzle tip. The above liquid transport method is equally applicable to the ultrasonic nozzle-array devices that are comprised of a plurality of ultrasonic single-nozzle devices configured in parallel. The longitudinal length, transverse width, shape, and area of the nozzle endface of single-nozzle and nozzle-array devices may be tailored or designed (e.g. enlarged) to obtain optimum or large quantities of product droplets to achieve high throughput. By increasing the drive frequency to 8 MHz or higher, sub-micrometer-sized monodisperse or narrowly-sized droplets can be produced using the ultrasonic single-nozzle and nozzle-array devices or any solid endface.

Abstract: A pulsed water-jet apparatus comprising a high pressure water pump delivering water to a nozzle and a means of interruption disposed at or near the nozzle periodically interrupting the flow of water passing through the nozzle thereby generating a pulsed water-jet. An accumulator is disposed between the pump and the nozzle, wherein the accumulator is a high pressure accumulator storing energy between pulses of the pulsed water jet and the pressure drop at the accumulator inlet due to the release of each pulse of the pulsed water jet is less than twenty percent.

Abstract: An ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) has a mobile generator module (20) and a high-pressure water hose (40) for delivering high-pressure water from the mobile generator module (20) to a hand-held gun (50) with a trigger and an ultrasonic nozzle (60). An ultrasonic generator in the mobile generator module (20) transmits high-frequency electrical pulses to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducer (62) which vibrates to modulate a high-pressure waterjet flowing through the nozzle (60). The waterjet exiting the ultrasonic nozzle (60) is pulsed into mini slugs of water, each of which imparts a waterhammer pressure on a target surface. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) may be used to cut and de-burr materials, to clean and de-coat surfaces, and to break rocks.

Abstract: An ultrasonic waterjet apparatus has a mobile generator module and a high-pressure water hose for delivering high-pressure water from the mobile generator module to a hand-held gun with a trigger and an ultrasonic nozzle. An ultrasonic generator transmits high-frequency electrical pulses to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducer which vibrates to modulate a high-pressure waterjet flowing through the nozzle. The waterjet exiting the ultrasonic nozzle is pulsed into mini slugs of water. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus may be used to cut and de-burr materials, to clean and de-coat surfaces, and to break rocks. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus performs these tasks with much greater efficiency than conventional continuous-flow waterjet systems because of the repetitive waterhammer effect. A nozzle with multiple exit orifices or a rotating nozzle may be provided in lieu of a nozzle with a single exit orifice to render cleaning and de-coating large surfaces more efficient.

Abstract: A pulsating irrigation device is provided that transforms a fluid flow entering the device to an intermittent pulsating fluid flow that is ejected from the device. The device has a chamber and at least one compressible member in pressure contact with the chamber. The compressible member compresses to assist the formation of the pulses ejected from the device and the fluid within the chamber is substantially sealed from contact with the interior of the compressible member.

Abstract: A high bandwidth multi-stage microjet actuator. The actuator can produce relatively large amplitude flow disturbances over a broad range of frequencies. The disturbance frequency can be varied by altering the geometry of the device, altering the pressure ratio(s) within the device, and combinations of the two. The actuator has many potential applications, including noise abatement for jet aircraft, and flow control over a moving airfoil.

Abstract: An electric solenoid valve, methods for operating and/or actuating the solenoid valve, valve system diagnostics, and applications for use are described. The valve may be designed to actuate in a manner so as to control liquid flow into and/or through a device, such as a spray nozzle. By altering the characteristics of the electrical signal transmitted to the solenoid valve, the instantaneous pressure across the valve and duration of fluid flow through the valve can be controlled with a single actuator. Controlled cyclic durations of flow may be implemented to regulate the exact timing of flow through the valve. Alternatively, cyclic durations may occur with a pulse-width modulation technique in which the duty cycle regulates average flow rate through the valve.

Abstract: Methods and systems for knockdown and neutralization of toxic clouds of aerosolized chemical or biological warfare (CBW) agents and toxic industrial chemicals using a non-toxic, non-corrosive aqueous decontamination formulation.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes: an inflow channel to which liquid is supplied; an outflow channel communicated with a nozzle; a liquid chamber formed with a spiral flow channel having a substantially constant cross-sectional area between the inflow channel and the outflow channel and having a given volume; a volume changing portion configured to deform the liquid chamber so as to change the volume of the liquid chamber to a volume smaller than the given volume; and an ejection control unit configured to cause the liquid to be ejected from the nozzle in a pulsed manner by driving the volume changing portion in a state in which the liquid chamber is filled with the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a massage shower that can achieve the dynamic switch of the water flow, it comprises a hollow essential body, a oblique water body, a impeller that is under the said oblique water body, a face cover component that has the effluent holes and a moving plate used to switch the effluent holes of different areas in the face cover component, the said impeller and the said moving plate are connected through a differential gearing transmission retarding mechanism. The said massage shower can achieve the dynamic switch of different effluent holes on the face cover of the shower during the using process, and achieve excellent massage effect.

Abstract: An improved method and system is described for applying a leach solution to ore in the process of heap leaching. The Hybrid Irrigation System (HIS) relies on both surface solution delivery techniques as well as sub-surface solution application to improve the solution uniformity and metallurgical performance of a leaching process. The methods and systems allow for controlled application of leach solution with a hydraulic head applied that can be adjusted or varied depending on the conditions of the ore from negative, atmospheric or positive pressure, while distributing leaching solution in a uniform manner independent of surface variability with respect to elevation and infiltration capacity of the ore surface.

Abstract: An automatic flow regulation sprinkler for gardening includes a base having a linking first water way and second water way on opposite sides thereof. Two outer ends of a transverse axle tube communicates the first water way and the second water way respectively. The transverse axle tube has at least one water outlet. A mobile tube has a front water way, water outlet, and an outer transverse water way communicating the front water way. The outer transverse water way pivoted to the transverse axle tube so as to rotate freely. The outer transverse water way has a regulating portion arranged around the transverse axle tube so as to block the water outlet of the transverse axle tube. Therefore, water flow can be regulated based on the angle of elevation of the mobile tube.

Abstract: An atomization unit is described that employs a negative pressure actuator to reduce the fluid pressure acting on the atomizer in order to minimize or prevent fluid leakage from the atomizer. Methods of minimizing or preventing fluid leakage from an atomizer through use of a negative pressure actuator are also described. The atomization unit is particularly suitable for use in a refrigerator to cool and humidify at least a portion of the refrigerator.

Abstract: A fluidic oscillator adapted for use in a showerhead or nozzle assembly includes an eddy filter structure which reduces the adverse effects of fluid supply turbulence on the fluidic oscillator's spraying performance. A nozzle or rain can style showerhead assembly includes a water chamber or manifold which receives water via a central inlet fitting. Water entering the water chamber or manifold flows turbulently into and through the manifold and is expelled under pressure through a plurality of nozzles which are configured as specially adapted fluidic inserts.

Abstract: An ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) has a mobile generator module (20) and a high-pressure water hose (40) for delivering high-pressure water from the mobile generator module (20) to a hand-held gun (50) with a trigger and an ultrasonic nozzle (60). An ultrasonic generator in the mobile generator module (20) transmits high-frequency electrical pulses to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducer (62) which vibrates to modulate a high-pressure waterjet flowing through the nozzle (60). The waterjet exiting the ultrasonic nozzle (60) is pulsed into mini slugs of water, each of which imparts a waterhammer pressure on a target surface. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) may be used to cut and de-burr materials, to clean and de-coat surfaces, and to break rocks.

Abstract: Provided is a pressure damper reducing pressure fluctuations of liquid and detecting the pressure fluctuations of the liquid. The pressure damper (1) includes: a main body portion (2), the main body portion (2) including a recessed portion (4) with an opening and a communication hole (5) which is open to an inner surface of the recessed portion (4) and communicates to an external region; a flexible thin film (7) which closes the opening for reducing pressure fluctuations of fluid (6) included in the closed recessed portion (4); and a detecting portion (10) engaged with the main body portion (2) for detecting electromotive force generated by electromagnetic induction thereby detecting relative positional change between the flexible thin film (7) and the main body portion (2).

Abstract: A method for cleaning a fluid ejecting apparatus is provided. The fluid ejecting apparatus includes a fluid ejecting head that has a plurality of nozzle openings through which fluid is ejected, a fluid supply passage through which the fluid is supplied toward the fluid ejecting head, an open/close valve that is provided on the fluid supply passage, and a pressure reduction mechanism that generates negative pressure in a space outside the nozzle openings. The cleaning method includes a valve-closing operation of putting the open/close valve into a closed state and a pressure reduction operation of generating negative pressure in the space by using the pressure reduction mechanism after the valve-closing operation to cause the fluid to bulge outward at the nozzle openings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiant energy powered water heating methods and apparatus, particularly, to the open-loop solar radiation collection systems. At least one nozzle is directed against a reflection surface facing an evaporation surface to spray at least one jet with reflection to diffuse the fluid within the inner cavity in an atomized plume having the evaporation surface been moisturized by a part of the sprayed fluid and said moisturizing part of the sprayed fluid been sufficiently vaporized or evaporated (see FIG. 3).

Abstract: Control device and method for controlling the impingement of the workpiece by a water jet or an abrasive water jet in a cutting unit. Control device includes a feeder composed of at least two flow-through areas positionable between a high-pressure water supply and a jet nozzle of the cutting unit. At least one of the flow-through areas includes a high pressure area, and at least one of the flow-through areas includes a pressure-reducing area. At least one switchable valve is arranged in the high-pressure area, a pressure-reducing mechanism is arranged in the pressure reducing area, and an impingement line is coupled to the at least two flow-through areas and coupleable to the jet nozzle.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a casting nozzle in which attachment and deposition of alumina or the like can be prevented while a drift of molten steel can be prevented. The casting nozzle according to the invention is characterized in that the casting nozzle has a molten steel flow hole portion in which “a plurality of independent protrusion portions and/or concave portions” are disposed so that each of the protrusion portions and/or concave portions has a size satisfying the expression (1): H?2 mm and the expression (2): L>2×H mm [in which “H” shows the maximum height of the protrusion portion or the maximum depth of the concave portion, and “L” shows the maximum length of a base portion of the protrusion portion or concave portion].

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing liquid material includes a dispensing module having a liquid supply passage communicating with a supply of liquid material and an air supply passage communicating with a source of pressurized air. A nozzle is coupled to the dispensing module and has a liquid discharge passage and an air discharge passage communicating with the liquid supply passage and the air supply passage, respectively. The liquid material is dispensed from a liquid discharge outlet of the nozzle and pressurized air is directed from an air outlet of the nozzle toward the dispensed liquid material. An air valve coupled to the nozzle is operable to vary the pressure of the air discharged from the air outlet to thereby move the liquid material in a desired pattern. In an exemplary embodiment, the valve is operable to pulse the pressurized air.

Abstract: A fuel injection device includes a pressure control portion for controlling operation of a nozzle, and a body portion having therein a bent lead wire hole through which two lead wires of the pressure control portion are introduced to exterior. A first guide member having therein a pair of first guide grooves partitioned by a first partition member is inserted into the lead wire hole from one end side, a second guide member having therein a pair of second guide grooves partitioned by a second partition member is inserted into the lead wire hole from the other end side. The first partition member protrudes from one end portion of the first guide member to have a protrusion portion, which is fitted with a recess portion of the second partition portion at one end portion of the second guide member when the first and second guide members contact.

Abstract: A liquid atomizing device for dispensing liquid droplets includes a container for holding a liquid, the container having a porous wick positioned to communicate the liquid from the container, and an orifice plate with apertures, the orifice plate being vibrated by a piezoelectric element to cause liquid communicated from the container to be atomized and dispensed as liquid droplets through the apertures. The device employs a unique placement and design of heaters or fans to promote evaporation and dispersion of the atomized liquid while the liquid is airborne.

Abstract: A showerhead may include a housing, a turbine, and a shutter. The housing may include a fluid inlet, at least one fluid outlet, and a chamber in fluid communication with the inlet and one or more outlets. The turbine and shutter may be placed in the cavity. The shutter may include at least one opening. The shutter may selectively cover and uncover fluid outlets, thus selectively fluidly connecting the fluid outlets with the chamber. Water flowing through the housing causes the turbine to spin. As the turbine spins, the shutter rotates at a slower speed than the turbine to produce a periodic interruption of water flow through the outlets by covering and uncovering the outlets as the shutter rotates within the housing.

Abstract: A three-dimensional spray envelopment system including at least one pressurizable fluid reservoir containing a reservoir fluid which may be an anti-mold or anti-fungal agent. The pressurizable fluid reservoir is in intermittent fluid communication with at least one fluid conduit and with a fluid controller. The spray heads and fluid conduit may further form an array extending over various parts of the external surfaces of a structure and may provide simultaneous spray coverage to a majority of a surface area of the plurality of structure external surfaces, including a roof. The fluid controller may include a timer and a remotely operable internet accessible controller. The pressurizable fluid reservoir may be in intermittent fluid communication with a building water supply, which can supply diluent for reservoir fluid and supply pressure to the system.

Abstract: A fluid nozzle system (nicknamed the “RAP nozzle system”) is disclosed that combines a pulse flow device with a toroidal vortex generator to create a high momentum, self propelling jet for increasing long-range jet impact forces. In a preferred embodiment, the RAP nozzle system comprises a fluid switch, without any moving mechanical part, which takes continuous flow normally exited through a nozzle and breaks it into discrete patterns of pulsed flow. The unsteady characteristics of the pulsed flow are then used with either single-stage ejectors, multi-stage ejectors or other devices to increase the momentum and/or the lateral size of the individual pulses. These fluid pulses are then used to generate a jet with large scale, stable toroidal vortices which travel long distances, downstream of the ejector(s), and apply large forces at impact.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure include: confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structures, mass spectrometry systems including a confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using the confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using mass spectrometry system, methods of transmitting droplets and ions, methods of evaporating droplets and desolvating ions, and the like.

Abstract: An ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) has a mobile generator module (20) and a high-pressure water hose (40) for delivering high-pressure water from the mobile generator module (20) to a hand-held gun (50) with a trigger and an ultrasonic nozzle (60). An ultrasonic generator in the mobile generator module (20) transmits high-frequency electrical pulses to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducer (62) which vibrates to modulate a high-pressure waterjet flowing through the nozzle (60). The waterjet exiting the ultrasonic nozzle (60) is pulsed into mini slugs of water, each of which imparts a waterhammer pressure on a target surface. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) may be used to cut and de-burr materials, to clean and de-coat surfaces, and to break rocks. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) performs these tasks with much greater efficiency than conventional continuous-flow waterjet systems because of the repetitive waterhammer effect.

Abstract: An improved fluidic oscillator, that operates on a pressurized liquid flowing through the oscillator to generate a liquid jet that flows into the surrounding gaseous environment to form of an oscillating spray of liquid droplets, includes: a member into which is fabricated a two-portion, flow channel, with its first portion configured so as to create the flow phenomena in the member that yields the spray's oscillating nature, and its second portion includes a splitter that is used to divide the jet into component sprays whose centerlines assume a specified yaw or pitch angle relative to the centerline of the oscillator.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simplified fuel injector which uses fuel as hydraulic oil to intensify the injection pressure. A pressure intensifier of the fuel injector is provided with a pressurization piston 106, a first fuel chamber 107 that communicates with a fuel inlet passage 101 (or a fuel supply passage), and a fuel pressurization chamber 111. The pressurization chamber 111 is provided inside a valve body 110. The pressurization piston 106 is formed displaceably relative to the valve body 110 and is provided with a first pressure receiving surface 106a and a pressurization piston portion 106b. The first pressure receiving surface 106a is one end surface of the pressurization piston 106 which faces one of the piston displacement directions 106d, that is, faces the first fuel chamber 107.

Abstract: A high-pressure liquid projection assembly for cleaning and/or deburring industrial parts, having a housing with an inlet adapted for connection with a pressurized liquid source, an outlet and a fluid passageway connecting the inlet to the outlet. A fluid chamber is formed in the housing and disposed around an intermediate portion of the passageway. At least one opening is formed in the housing which fluidly connects the chamber to the passageway while a control port on the housing is fluidly connected to the chamber. The control port is adapted to be connected to a variable flow pressurized liquid source to thereby vary the projection cone pattern from the outlet as a function of the valve opening.

Abstract: A jet assembly has internals rotatably and releaseably fit to a jet body, such as that for a spa. The internals have a barrel housing, a rotor and a barrel inlet. The internals as screwed into the jet body. A first threaded portion outside the barrel threadably engages second threaded portion inside the jet body wherein the internals have delimited rotation therein to align and misalign the barrel inlet from a body inlet on the jet body to control flow on and off respectively. The threaded portion within the jet body can be a locking ring affixed therein by fasteners or integral with the jet body. Rotation can be delimited by a projection on the barrel and a cooperating annular delimiting surface on the locking ring, such as circumferentially-spaced detents.

Abstract: An air freshening device comprises a housing defining a chamber. The chamber contains air and a supply of fragrance material that scents the air inside the chamber. A mechanical oscillator is in fluid communication with the air in the chamber and is configured to transmit acoustic waves in the chamber. A narrow conduit provides a passage from an interior of the chamber to the atmosphere outside the chamber. The conduit is dimensionally configured such that a synthetic jet from the narrow conduit is generated upon activation of the mechanical oscillator, the synthetic jet ejecting scented air from the chamber interior to the atmosphere outside the chamber. The mechanical oscillator may be driven intermittently, resulting in a consistent intensity and character of the emitted scent over the life of the product.

Abstract: A controlled odor generator, comprising a central processing unit, at least one micropump unit, a sensor unit and a fan. The micropump unit is housed in a casing containing odorous fluid and has a micropump array for ejecting the odorous fluid in tiny droplets. The central processing unit regulates operation of the micropump unit, allowing to control timing quantity and mixture of spread odor. The sensor unit provides the central processing unit with environmental data, like temperature, air density and humidity, as well as human body states for controlling the micropump unit. Environmental changes are followed by a change of spraying of odor, and varying taste and demand are adapted to.

Abstract: The present invention includes a unique irrigation sprinkler system with a unique sprinkler head design; a unique method of defining the planted area to be served by the sprinkler head; a unique method for determining when that planted area needs to be watered; a unique way of providing even coverage throughout the planted area when being watered; the ability to use one sprinkler head to individually water multiple, non-overlapping planted areas; a unique way of addressing multiple sprinkler heads in the same sprinkler system; and a unique method for remotely determining the integrity of the sprinkler system.

Abstract: A dispenser adapted to be coupled to a fluid container. The dispenser comprises a dispensing head, an energy source, and a fluid pathway. The dispensing head includes a fluid pump, a motor adapted to power the pump, a trigger adapted to control the motor, and a nozzle orifice in fluid communication with a discharge end of the pump. The fluid pathway has one portion in fluid communication with an intake end of the pump and another portion inside the container. In one embodiment, the fluid pump is a peristaltic pump. The present invention may further include a valve having a membrane for controlling flow through the valve, the membrane having open and closed positions; and an element urges the membrane to the closed position, and a vacuum pressure at one end of the valve may overcome the urging of the element, thereby moving the membrane to the open position.

Abstract: Efficient and effective fuel combustion catalyst delivery apparatus is disclosed. A fuel combustion catalyst delivery apparatus may include a receptacle containing a material such as a liquid. The liquid may include one or more catalytic materials. The apparatus may further include a vibration pump configured to convert the liquid to an aerosol to be delivered into an intake air of a combustion zone, a pressure equalizer configured to maintain the pressure level of the receptacle at about the same pressure level as that of the intake air of the combustion zone, and a liquid delivery device configured to deliver the liquid to the vibration pump. The apparatus may further include an electronic control module and a mounting bracket or a docking station. The electronic control module may be used to control the vibration pump.

Abstract: A fluidic oscillator suitable for use at colder temperatures for generating an exhaust flow in the form of an oscillating spray of fluid droplets has an inlet for pressurized fluid, a pair of power nozzles configured to accelerate the movement of the pressurized fluid, a fluid pathway that connects and allows for the flow of pressurized fluid between its inlet and the power nozzles, an interaction chamber which is attached to the nozzles and receives the flow from the nozzles, a fluid outlet from which the spray exhausts from the interaction chamber, and, at each power nozzle, a step in the height elevation of the floor of the power nozzle with respect to that of the interaction chamber for increasing the instability of the flow from the power nozzles.

Abstract: A showerhead for a low flow rate may employ one or more of a showerhead housing, a showerhead engine, a flow restrictor and a flow regulation device. The showerhead engine may be moveably connected to the showerhead housing. The showerhead engine may include a back member, an intermediate member, and a front member defining various fluid chambers and apertures that allow for one or more spray modes. The showerhead may include a flow control device to selectively reduce flow to the showerhead engine. The flow control device may also be selectively pause fluid flow for more than one spray mode. The showerhead may include a flow restrictor. The flow restrictor may limit a maximum fluid flow rate of a fluid delivered from the showerhead engine to approximately 1.5 gallons per minute.

Abstract: A mobile spraying plant 1 for spraying crops, comprising a tank (10), at least one nozzle (60) in fluid communication (70) with said tank (10), a controllable regulating valve (30) for regulating a flow of liquid between the tank (10) and the nozzles (60), an electronic control (101) unit configured for controlling the degree of opening of the regulating valve (30) and comprising a calculator unit and a storage/register, and a flow meter (40) for determining the flow of liquid between the tank and the nozzle(s) (60) and configured for communicating with said electronic control unit 101, which spraying plant (1) also comprises a device (35) for registering the degree of opening of the regulating valve, said device being in communication with said electronic control unit, and said electronic control unit being configured for registering, storing and processing data concerning the degree of opening of the regulating valve; and a method of regulating the throughput through said spraying plant.

Abstract: An electric solenoid valve and electronic circuitry for actuating the valve in such a manner as to control the liquid flow into a device, such as a spray nozzle, is described. By altering the characteristics of the electrical signal driving the valve, the flowrate of liquid through the valve and the pressure drop across the valve during the instantaneous flow can be controlled with a single actuator. The complex waveform of the solenoid drive signal allows decoupled control of droplet size and average flow rate through the nozzle.

Abstract: A showerhead may include a housing, a jet disk, a turbine, and a shutter. The housing may include a fluid inlet, at least one fluid outlet, and a chamber in fluid communication with the inlet and one or more outlets. The jet disk, turbine, and shutter may be placed in the cavity. The shutter may include at least one opening. The shutter may selectively cover and uncover fluid outlets, thus selectively fluidly connecting the fluid outlets with the chamber. Water flowing through the housing causes the turbine to spin. As the turbine spins, the shutter rotates at a slower speed than the turbine to produce a periodic interruption of water flow through the outlets by covering and uncovering the outlets as the shutter rotates within the housing.

Abstract: The present invention is a dispenser adapted to be coupled to a fluid container. The dispenser comprises a dispensing head, an energy source, and a fluid pathway. The dispensing head includes a fluid pump, a motor adapted to power the pump, a trigger adapted to control the motor, and a nozzle orifice in fluid communication with a discharge end of the pump. The fluid pathway has one portion in fluid communication with an intake end of the pump and another portion inside the container.

Abstract: A fragrance dispenser comprises a receptacle for receiving an aromatic substance to be heated; and a heat exchanger connected to the receptacle for heating air upstream of the receptacle, the heat exchanger having means for agitating the air as it is heated and passes therethrough.

Abstract: A high-pressure liquid projection assembly for cleaning and/or deburring industrial parts, having a housing with an inlet adapted for connection with a pressurized liquid source, an outlet and a fluid passageway connecting the inlet to the outlet. A fluid chamber is formed in the housing and disposed around an intermediate portion of the passageway. At least one opening is formed in the housing which fluidly connects the chamber to the passageway while a control port on the housing is fluidly connected to the chamber. The control port is adapted to be connected to a variable flow pressurized liquid source to thereby vary the projection cone pattern from the outlet as a function of the valve opening.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a substrate has a liquid supply unit, a nozzle unit, a first valve and a second valve. The liquid supply unit has an output port and an input port, and a processing liquid is output from the output port. The nozzle unit has a first port and a second port, and the first port is connected to the output port of the liquid supply unit. The first valve is connected between the second port of the nozzle unit and the input port of the liquid supply unit. The second valve is connected between the second port of the nozzle unit and the output port of the liquid supply unit. Moreover, the switch states of the first and second valves are opposite in order to control whether the nozzle unit spreads the processing liquid on the substrate.

Abstract: A fluidic oscillator suitable for use at colder temperatures for generating an exhaust flow in the form of an oscillating spray of fluid droplets has an inlet for pressurized fluid, a pair of power nozzles configured to accelerate the movement of the pressurized fluid, a fluid pathway that connects and allows for the flow of pressurized fluid between its inlet and the power nozzles, an interaction chamber which is attached to the nozzles and receives the flow from the nozzles, a fluid outlet from which the spray exhausts from the interaction chamber, and a means for increasing the instability of the flow from the power nozzles, with this means being situated in a location chosen from the group consisting of a location within the fluid pathway or proximate the power nozzles. In a first preferred embodiment, the flow instability generating means comprises a protrusion that extends inward from each side of the fluid pathway so as to cause a flow separation region downstream of the protrusions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for surface treating metal pipes includes introducing a treatment liquid into a first distribution chamber having a flat bottom surface, and dropping the treatment liquid onto at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the metal pipe through a plurality of holes formed in the bottom surface of the first distribution chamber. Preferably, a distance between the bottom surface of the first distribution chamber and the metal pipe is maintained constant as the outer diameter of the pipe varies. The treatment liquid may be introduced into a second distribution chamber having a flat bottom surface, and the treatment liquid may then be introduced into the first distribution chamber through a plurality of holes formed in the bottom surface of the second distribution chamber. It is possible for the first distribution chamber to simultaneously drop the treatment liquid onto at least two metal pipes.

Abstract: An ultrasonic nebulizer for producing high-volume sub-micron droplets is disclosed. The ultrasonic nebulizer utilizes a 3 or 5 MHz frequency as an oscillation frequency for producing sub-micron droplets. The nebulizer can also use at least one piezoelectric ceramic oscillator for increasing the volume of the droplets. The ultrasonic nebulizer comprises an ac/dc converter, an oscillator circuit, an amplifying device, a nebulization chamber, and at least one piezoelectric ceramic oscillator. The ac/dc converter rectifies an ac current to a dc current. The oscillator circuit produces an oscillation signal with a frequency larger than or equal to 3 MHz. The amplifying device amplifies the oscillation signal. The nebulization chamber has a lower face for holding a liquid to be nebulized.