Abstract: A process for generating droplets with a modulatable droplet size distribution, comprises: making a stream of liquid strike a support with a given relative impact velocity; making said support vibrate at at least one vibration frequency; heating said support to a impact temperature such that the liquid film formed by the impact and made to vibrate is heated to a principal temperature to form in combination what are called principal droplets from said film; and transporting said droplets via a transfer/braking/sorting system to a liquid for precipitating the principal droplets, said transportation being carried out at a transportation temperature, all of these parameters, namely the relative impact velocity, the vibration frequency, the principal temperature and the transportation temperature allowing the droplet size of said formed principal droplets and the velocity of the latter to be modulated. A device allowing the process to be implemented is also provided.

Abstract: A device is provided which includes (a) a thermally conductive base having first and second major surfaces; (b) a die attached to said first major surface of said base; (c) a heat pipe having a first end which is attached to said second major surface of said base; (d) a plurality of heat fins attached to a second end of said heat pipe; and (e) at least one synthetic jet ejector disposed between said base and said plurality of heat fins.

Abstract: A volatile liquid droplet dispenser device includes: a first substrate (1) having a space (2c) for containing a liquid substance, and having liquid outlet means (2a) for ejecting the liquid substance; a second substrate (3) having a liquid inlet means (3i) for allowing the liquid substance to enter said device; an actuating element (2b, 8, 10) arranged to actuate the liquid substance so as to exit the device as a liquid droplet spray, wherein the liquid outlet means (2a) of the first substrate comprises a perforated nozzle membrane (2a) having a plurality of outlet nozzles, and wherein the first substrate (1) contains at least one fluidic capillary priming channel (1a, 1b, 1c) arranged to receive liquid substance from the space (2c) so as to fill the channel such that the liquid substance is in close proximity to the outlet nozzles for priming the liquid substance for ejection through the nozzle membrane.

Abstract: An electrostatic spraying device comprises a capillary spray electrode having a spraying end, a reference electrode, and a reservoir in fluid communication with the spray electrode. In use, the electrodes are connected across a generator in order to establish an electric field between the electrodes and cause fluid in the reservoir to be sprayed from the spray electrode. The spray electrode has a focus that defines a point at which the electric field is focused on the spraying end.

Abstract: A portable volatile material dispenser includes a housing having a top wall and at least one side wall and an opening formed within the top wall of the housing. A volatile material actuator is disposed within the housing and a manifold is in fluid communication with and extends between the volatile material actuator and the opening to move volatile material in the form of a mist from the volatile material actuator, through the manifold, and out the opening. A container holding a fluid is disposed within the housing and in fluid communication with the volatile material actuator. An air flow generator disposed within the housing and positioned to create a flow of air out of the dispenser through the opening for moving the mist from the dispenser.

Abstract: A closed nebulizing system for removing bubbles includes a first pump, a nebulizing module and a second pump. The first pump is for providing a fluid. The nebulizing module includes an outlet channel, an inlet channel connected with the first pump, and a plurality of nozzles for nebulizing and ejecting part of the fluid. The second pump is connected with the outlet channel for outputting non-nebulized fluid. The first pump, the nebulizing module and the second pump form a closed fluid loop, so that the fluid continuously contacts with the plurality of nozzles and bubbles generated during nebulization process are evacuated from the nebulizing module.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided which functions as a synthetic jet ejector. The semiconductor device (201) includes a first layer (203), a third layer (207), and a second layer (205) disposed between the first layer and the third layer, wherein the second layer includes a MEMS comb drive (221). The device has a plurality of apertures therein (209, 211, 213, 215 and 217) which are in fluidic communication with the comb drive and which are also in fluidic communication with the external environment. The comb drive operates to generate a plurality of synthetic jets at the plurality of apertures.

Abstract: A device (200) for generating an aerosol cloud, the device (200) comprising: a body (210) defining an inner cavity, an outer surface, and an opening (213) extending between the inner cavity of the body (210) and the outer surface; at least one ultrasonic element (220) operable to aerosolize a liquid disposed in the inner cavity; and at least one sensor (226) associated with the at least one ultrasonic element (220).

Abstract: Droplet deposition apparatus including at least one droplet ejection unit having a plurality of fluid channels disposed side by side in a row, an actuator, and a plurality of nozzles, said actuator being actuable to eject a droplet of fluid from a fluid channel through a respective nozzle, a support member for said at least one droplet ejection unit, a first conduit extending along said row and to one side of both said support member and said at least one droplet ejection unit for conveying droplet fluid to each of the fluid channels of said at least one droplet ejection unit; and a second conduit extending along said row and to the other side of both said support member and said at least one droplet ejection unit for receiving droplet fluid from each of the fluid channels of said at least one droplet ejection unit.

Abstract: A fluid spray dispenser (2) having a fluid reservoir (20) for holding a fluid to be dispensed, a spray head (23) for dispensing the fluid and a porous medium (24) through which the fluid passes from the reservoir (20) to the spray head (23). The porous medium (24) has a pathway (25) or pathways located substantially adjacent the spray head (23) for the removal of air ingested into the porous medium (24) during spraying.

Abstract: A fluid spray dispenser (2) having a fluid reservoir (20) for holding a fluid to be dispensed, a spray head (23) for dispensing the fluid and a porous medium (24) through which the fluid passes from the reservoir (20) to the spray head (23). The porous medium (24) has an effective pore size and/or permeability that decreases towards the spray head (23). Means and methods of creating the pore size and/or permeability gradients are discussed.

Abstract: A complex oxide includes a chemical compound represented by ABO3 (Chemical Formula 1). In the Chemical Formula 1, A is one or more elements selected from Ba, Ca, and Sr; and B is one or more elements selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, and Sn. When a field having a size of 1 ?m×1 ?m on a surface of the complex oxide is observed with an atomic force microscope (AFM), a typical particle size is greater than or equal to 300 nm and less than 660 nm. Here, the typical particle size is a maximum length of a maximum particle observed in the field.

Abstract: An aromatic nebulizing diffuser formed of a bottom holder shell, an electric fan, a mist creation block member, an oscillator, a circuit board, a power supply unit and a cover shell assembly is disclosed. The oscillator is adapted to oscillate an aromatic fluid in the mist creation block member into a mist of aromatic fluid droplets. The mist creation block member includes a semispherical air guide and a top flange, defining an air passage for guiding fan-induced currents of air to the nozzle hole of the cover shell assembly. The cover shell assembly defines a fluid storage chamber for providing a refill to the oscillation chamber, and a water stopper to prevent splashing.

Abstract: An acoustic streaming fluid ejector includes a fluid filled chamber having an opening, a selectively vibrating flow generator having a sharp edge pointed toward the opening, and a driving device configured to vibrate one of the flow generator and the chamber to create a streaming fluid flow in a direction away from the sharp edge through the opening. Methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for reducing or increasing the mechanical structure resonance of a synthetic jet device is disclosed. A synthetic jet device includes a first plate, a second plate spaced apart from the first plate, a spacing component coupled to and positioned between the first and second plates to form a chamber and including an orifice therein, and an actuator element coupled to at least one of the first and second plates to selectively cause deflection thereof, thereby changing a volume within the chamber so that a series of fluid vortices is generated and projected out from the orifice of the spacing component. At least one of the first and second plates includes a modified section that alters a mechanical resonance of the synthetic jet device, so as to control a level of acoustic noise generated by the synthetic jet device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for atomizing and vaporizing liquid is described. An apparatus having an ejector configured to eject one or more droplets of liquid may be inserted into a reservoir containing liquid. The ejector may have a vibrating device that vibrates the ejector and causes liquid to move from the reservoir up through the ejector and out through an orifice located on the top of the ejector. The one or more droplets of liquid ejected from the ejector may be heated and vaporized into the air.

Abstract: A system and method for providing vibration dampening between a synthetic jet and stationary mounting bracket is disclosed. A synthetic jet assembly includes a synthetic jet having a first plate, a second plate spaced apart from the first plate, a spacer element positioned between the first and second plates to maintain the first and second plates in a spaced apart relationship, the spacer element including an orifice formed therein, and an actuator element coupled to at least one of the first and second plates to selectively cause deflection thereof such that a fluid flow is generated and projected out from the orifice. The synthetic jet assembly also includes a mounting bracket positioned about the synthetic jet to support the synthetic jet and a plurality of suspension tabs coupling the synthetic jet to the mounting bracket in a suspended arrangement.

Abstract: A system and method for achieving lower acoustic output and increased flow output in a synthetic jet device is disclosed. A synthetic jet sub-assembly includes a mounting bracket comprising a top surface and a bottom surface, a first flexible substrate positioned across an opening defined by the mounting bracket and attached to the top surface of the mounting bracket, a second flexible substrate positioned across the opening defined by the mounting bracket and attached to the bottom surface of the mounting bracket, a first plate affixed to an outward facing surface of the first flexible substrate and a second plate affixed to an outward facing surface of the second flexible substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing and/or jetting viscous medium on a surface of a workpiece includes at least two depositing head assemblies. The at least two depositing head assemblies are configured to move in three dimensional space. The at least two depositing head assemblies are also configured to at least one of concurrently and simultaneously deposit the viscous medium on the workpiece.

Abstract: An aromatic nebulizing diffuser includes a bottom holder shell, an electric fan, a fluid container, an oscillator, a circuit board, a power supply unit and a cover shell. The oscillator is adapted to oscillate an aromatic fluid in the fluid container into a mist of aromatic fluid droplets. The fluid container has a side block defining an air passage for guiding electric fan induced air into a pressurized space in between the cover shell and the fluid container to enhance the effects of mist diffusion. A rotating connection structure is provided between the bottom holder shell and the cover shell, facilitating general maintenance and cleaning activities.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a flow-path forming substrate including pressure generation chambers that communicate with nozzle openings through which ink is ejected, a piezoelectric element that applies a pressure to the pressure generation chambers via a diaphragm, and a protection substrate that forms a sealed space for sealing the piezoelectric element, in which a pressure in the sealed space is adjusted such that the diaphragm is drawn up to the piezoelectric element side and an initial bent position of the diaphragm is adjusted.

Abstract: An electronically controlled scent producing element (800) constituted of: a plate (860) exhibiting a plurality of perforations extending from a first face of the plate to a second face of the plate opposing the first face; a plurality of micro-plugs (870) juxtaposed with the plate (860), each of the plurality of micro-plugs (870) extending longitudinally from a base end to a tip end, and arranged to mate with one of the plurality of perforations; a translation mechanism in communication with one of the (820, 860) and the plurality of micro-plugs (870); and a vibrator in communication with at least one of the plate (820, 860) and the plurality of micro-plugs.

Abstract: A synthetic jet ejector (201) is provided which includes a housing (203). A blade (205) is disposed in the housing which has a first fixed end (207) and a second movable end (209), and which is driven by an actuator to trace out a first volume as its free end moves between a first apex and a second apex. The housing has a first portion which is spaced apart from, and complimentary in shape to, at least a portion of the first volume. The spacing (217) between this volume and the first portion is sufficiently small to form a viscous seal around the periphery of the actuator.

Abstract: A piezo injector includes (a) an actuator chamber in which a piezo actuator is arranged, (b) a control piston bore in which a control piston having a first end side facing the piezo actuator is arranged, wherein a portion of the control piston bore delimited by the first end side forms a first control chamber and an opposing portion of the control piston bore forms a spring chamber, and wherein the control piston is arranged between the first control chamber and the spring chamber, (c) a nozzle needle having a second end side, wherein the nozzle needle guides a nozzle needle sleeve, wherein the nozzle needle sleeve and the second end side delimit a second control chamber, (d) a connecting bore between the first control chamber and second control chamber, and (e) a leakage pin arranged between the piezo actuator and the first end side in a leakage pin bore.

Abstract: A synthetic jet ejector (201) is provided which includes a housing assembly (239, 241) which is equipped with a first plurality of openings (203, 207) and a second plurality of openings (205, 209), and a diaphragm assembly disposed within the housing assembly. The diaphragm assembly includes first (229) and second (243) armatures, a coil (235) disposed between the first and second armatures, first (221) and second (255) end caps, a first diaphragm (223) disposed between the first end cap and the first armature, and a second diaphragm (249) disposed between the second end cap and the second armature. The first and second diaphragms contain a first set of keying features (273) which keys them to the housing assembly. The synthetic jet ejector emits a first plurality of synthetic jets out of the first plurality of openings, and emits a second plurality of synthetic jets out of the second plurality of openings.

Abstract: A synthetic jet actuator includes a first plate, a second plate spaced apart from the first plate and arranged parallelly thereto, and a housing positioned about the first and second plates and defining a chamber, the housing having a pair of orifices formed therein in opposing sides of the housing such that the chamber is in fluid communication with an external environment. The synthetic jet actuator also includes a mounting mechanism configured to mount the first and second plates within the housing in a suspended arrangement and an actuator element coupled to at least one of the first and second plates to selectively cause deflection thereof, thereby changing a volume within the chamber so that a series of fluid vortices are generated and projected to the external environment out from the pair of orifices of the housing.

Abstract: There are provided a multi-layer piezoelectric element in which an increase of oxygen vacancies in an electric-field concentration part of piezoelectric layers is suppressed and a decrease of an amount of displacement is suppressed, as well as to provide a piezoelectric actuator, an injection device and a fuel injection system provided with the multi-layer piezoelectric element. A multi-layer piezoelectric element includes a stacked body composed of piezoelectric layers and internal electrode layers which are stacked on each other, and a resin which evolves OH? when being heated. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain a multi-layer piezoelectric element in which an increase of oxygen vacancies in an electric-field concentration part of piezoelectric layers is suppressed and a decrease of an amount of displacement is suppressed.

Abstract: A heat resistant piezo bimorph synthetic jet apparatus comprises a working fluid chamber partially defined by a plate, a working fluid port that provides fluid flow communication between the working fluid chamber and a working fluid mass, and a bimorph piezoelectric structure included in the plate. The bimorph piezoelectric structure alternately increases and decreases chamber volume by alternately expanding convexly and concavely in response to application of voltage of alternating polarity to alternately draw working fluid into and expel working fluid from the working fluid chamber through the working fluid port. A thermal insulating layer is disposed between the working fluid chamber and the bimorph piezoelectric structure to protect a ceramic layer within the first bimorph piezoelectric structure from high temperature working fluid.

Abstract: A perforated plate produced as a plastics component by injection moulding, there being provided for this purpose a mould with two mould halves which together define a cavity filled with plastics material during injection moulding, wherein the first mould half has a planar abutment surface directed towards the cavity, and the second mould half has a multiplicity of elevations rising up over a base surface, wherein, in the closed state of the mould, distal contact regions at the distal ends of the elevations but against the abutment surface, and therefore keep the dispensing openings free of plastics material when the plastics material is being injected.

Abstract: Dispenser with a liquid storage unit, a dispensing head with a perforated plate component which has at least 25 dispensing openings in a dispensing opening region, with a pre-chamber connected upstream of the dispensing openings of the perforated plate component and from which the dispensing openings are supplied, and a connecting channel which connects the liquid storage unit to the pre-chamber. The perforated plate component is fastened on the dispensing head in an edge region and the dispensing opening region is pressed into a curved form by means of a curvature body which is arranged in the pre-chamber and acts with force upon the perforated plate.

Abstract: A liquid nebulizing assembly includes an actuating ring plate, a solid nozzle plate and a piezoelectric element. A plurality of nozzle holes is formed and distributed all over the solid nozzle plate and included between the actuating ring plate and the piezoelectric element. The solid nozzle plate includes at least one reinforcing portion in a 3D shape, and continuously and uninterruptably protruded to form at least one ring-shaped solid with respect to the center of the solid nozzle plate. The assembly is applicable to a relatively ductile and thin material to reduce the power consumption for the vibration transmission and achieve power saving.

Abstract: An injection system (1) for injecting fuel at a predetermined fuel pressure has: an actuator (2, 3) providing a stroke for lifting an injector needle (4) that opens a nozzle into which the fuel is injected; a leverage apparatus (5) for translating the provided stroke into a modified stroke, the apparatus has a compensating device (6) coupled to the actuator (2, 3), and a lever device (7), which is coupled to the injector needle (4), wherein the lever device has at least two symmetrically disposed, single-arm levers (8a, 8b), which each come in contact with an injector needle head (10) of the injector needle (4) when lifting the injector needle (4) by means of a single needle head support (9a, 9b); and wherein the compensating device (6) is suited to compensate a varying force application of the actuator (2, 3) on the single-arm lever (8a, 8b).

Abstract: A piezoelectric device, including the following on a substrate in the order listed below: a lower electrode, a piezoelectric film which contains a Pb containing perovskite oxide represented by a general expression (P) below, and an upper electrode, in which the piezoelectric film has a layer of pyrochlore oxide on the surface facing the lower electrode, and the average layer thickness of the pyrochlore oxide layer is not greater than 20 nm. AaBbO3??(P) where, A: at least one type of A-site element containing Pb as a major component, B: at least one type of B-site element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Sc, Co, Cu, In, Sn, Ga, Zn, Cd, Fe, and Ni, and O: an oxygen element.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus in which controllability of liquid discharge speed is improved is provided. A pair of electrodes is arranged so as to divide a partition into a movable region to which an electric field for shear-deforming the partition at a portion on a nozzle side is applied and an immovable region to which the electric field is not applied at a portion on a common liquid chamber side. It is assumed that a cross-section area of a cross section along a face perpendicular to a longitudinal direction at a second end of an individual liquid chamber is S2, and a cross-section area along a face perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at a first boundary point closest to a first end on a boundary between the movable region and the immovable region is S1. The cross-section area S2 is made wider than the cross-section area S1.

Abstract: A synthetic jet includes a first backer structure, one and only one actuator, a wall member coupled to and positioned between the first backer structure and the one and only one actuator to form a cavity, and wherein the wall member has an orifice formed therethrough, and wherein the orifice fluidically couples the cavity to an environment external to the cavity.

Abstract: An air treatment substance delivery apparatus includes a pressurized aerosol can of air treatment substance such as a fragrance or sanitizer with a spray nozzle mounted on a conventional nozzle displacement valve, a nozzle depression mechanism actuated by a solenoid, an electric power circuit delivering power from the power source to the solenoid, the power circuit including a spray activation switch connected to air movement detection means so that activation of the air unit fan is detected by the air movement detection means which operates the spray activation switch to activate the solenoid which causes the nozzle depression mechanism to depress the spray nozzle on the can and release atomized air treatment substance into the air stream.

Abstract: A system and method for the packaging of a synthetic jet actuator is disclosed. A synthetic jet actuator is provided that includes a first plate, a second plate spaced apart from the first plate and arranged parallelly thereto, and a housing positioned about the first and second plates and defining a chamber. The housing includes at least one orifice therein such that the chamber is in fluid communication with an external environment. The synthetic jet actuator also includes a mounting mechanism configured to mount the first and second plates within the housing in a suspended arrangement and an actuator element coupled to at least one of the first and second plates to selectively cause deflection thereof, thereby changing a volume within the chamber so that a series of fluid vortices are generated and projected to the external environment out from the at least one orifice of the housing.

Abstract: An ultrasonic dispersion system for dispersing fluid collected from a wellbore during hydrocarbon production is disclosed. The system comprises a holding tank for containing a fluid collection; a fluid intake in communication with the holding tank for input of fluid collected from a wellbore; and an air intake in communication with the holding tank. An ultrasonic generator bank positioned in the holding tank for contact with the fluid collection is used for particlizing the fluid collection to generate an air/particle mixture with the air input into the holding tank. The ultrasonic generator bank comprises an ultrasonic source positioned below the surface of the fluid collection for particlizing at least a portion of the fluid collection; a power source for providing power to the ultrasonic generator bank; and an outlet in an upper region of the holding tank for exhausting the air/particle mixture from the holding tank.

Abstract: Droplet deposition apparatus including at least one droplet ejection unit having a plurality of fluid channels disposed side by side in a row, an actuator, and a plurality of nozzles, said actuator being actuable to eject a droplet of fluid from a fluid channel through a respective nozzle, a support member for said at least one droplet ejection unit, a first conduit extending along said row and to one side of both said support member and said at least one droplet ejection unit for conveying droplet fluid to each of the fluid channels of said at least one droplet ejection unit; and a second conduit extending along said row and to the other side of both said support member and said at least one droplet ejection unit for receiving droplet fluid from each of the fluid channels of said at least one droplet ejection unit.

Abstract: An aromatic nebulizing diffuser includes a housing, a fluid container movable fluid container in and out of a top opening of the housing and providing a nozzle hole for spraying a mist of aromatic fluid droplets, an elastic lift unit for lifting the fluid container out of the housing, a control unit, and a power switch actuator movable with the fluid container to switch on/off the control unit, causing the control unit to eject a mist of aromatic fluid droplets out of the fluid container when the fluid container is lifted out of the top opening of the housing, or to stop the operation when the fluid container is received inside the housing.

Abstract: Ulstrasound typically in the range 15 KHz to 1 MHz and at a power of about 100 watts over a zone of a few sq. cm is applied via a horn shaped cavity of a transmitter for processing a fluid medium, for example for processing a body of liquid having a foaming surface layer whereby the foaming can be quelled rapidly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rotary nebulization device installed to a container that contains a liquid to be nebulized, and the rotary nebulization device includes a main body, an electric connection ring, an nebulization ring and a rotary ring. The main body contains a power supply, the electric connection ring, the nebulization ring and the rotary ring sequentially installed on a side of the main body, and the electric connection ring has a first contact electrically coupled to the power supply, and the nebulization ring has an nebulization module electrically coupled to the first contact, and the rotary ring has a second contact corresponding to the first contact. The corresponding container has an opening portion and a liquid storage slot, and the rotary ring is provided for switching the connection and electric conduction between the liquid storage slot and the nebulization module to improve the convenience of operation.

Abstract: An injector for a fluid is provided, in particular for fuel, which has a valve housing, an intake nipple for the fluid disposed at one housing end, a nozzle body disposed at the other housing end, which has a valve seat surrounding a spray-discharge orifice, and a valve chamber disposed upstream therefrom, and a fluid-carrying pipe which extends in the valve housing and connects the valve chamber to the intake nipple. To achieve a connection of the fluid-carrying pipe to the valve chamber that is impervious to high operating pressures and is suitable in terms of production and convenient in terms of assembly, an axial blind hole which has an internal thread and is disposed at a radial offset to the housing axis of the valve housing, is formed in the nozzle body, and a fluid connection us established from the blind hole to the valve chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for the packaging of a synthetic jet actuator is disclosed. A synthetic jet actuator is provided that includes a first plate, a second plate spaced apart from the first plate and arranged parallelly thereto, and a housing positioned about the first and second plates and defining a chamber. The housing includes at least one orifice therein such that the chamber is in fluid communication with an external environment. The synthetic jet actuator also includes a mounting mechanism configured to mount the first and second plates within the housing in a suspended arrangement and an actuator element coupled to at least one of the first and second plates to selectively cause deflection thereof, thereby changing a volume within the chamber so that a series of fluid vortices are generated and projected to the external environment out from the at least one orifice of the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a constant quantity control nebulization device including a main body, a nebulization module, a fixing plate and a rotary ring, and the device is installed to a container that contains a liquid to be nebulized. A first liquid storage space with a predetermined volume is defined at the top of the main body, and the nebulization module is installed in the main body and interconnected to the first liquid storage space, and the fixing plate is fixed onto the main body and has a first through hole, the rotary ring is sheathed on the top of the main body and axially coupled to the fixing plate, and the rotary ring has a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. The consumption of the liquid to be nebulized can be controlled by rotating the rotary ring to improve the convenience of operation significantly.

Abstract: A smoke simulator system (1) for an aircraft simulator cockpit said system (1) comprising a water tank (2), an ultrasonic generator (3), said ultrasonic generator (3) being inside said water tank (2), supply means (7) to said water tank (2) and outlet means (8) from said water tank (2) for smoke. The invention relates as well to a method to operate such a smoke simulator system (1) for an aircraft simulator cockpit.

Abstract: A synthetic jet includes a first backer structure, one and only one actuator, a wall member coupled to and positioned between the first backer structure and the one and only one actuator to form a cavity, and wherein the wall member has an orifice formed therethrough, and wherein the orifice fluidically couples the cavity to an environment external to the cavity.

Abstract: A radiation source for generating EUV from a stream of molten fuel droplets by LPP (Laser Produced Plasma) or (Dual Laser Plasma) has a fuel droplet generator arranged to provide a stream of droplets of fuel and at least one laser configured to vaporize at least some of the droplets of fuel, whereby radiation is generated. The fuel droplet generator has a nozzle, a feed chamber, and a reservoir, with a pumping device arranged to supply a flow of fuel in molten state from the reservoir through the feed chamber and out of the nozzle as a stream of droplets. The feed chamber has an outer face in contact with a drive cavity filled with a liquid, and the liquid is driven to oscillate by a vibrator with the oscillation transmissible to the molten fuel in the feed chamber from the outer face of the feed chamber through the liquid.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator and an injector for an internal combustion engine are proposed, the electromagnetic compatibility of which is significantly improved in comparison with conventional injectors. The actuator head and/or actuator foot is manufactured out of a ceramic material, thus reducing the capacitance of the electric capacitor that is formed between the electrical ground and the piezoelectric actuator. An advantage of the piezoelectric actuator according to the invention is that no additional components are required. The change from metallic materials to ceramic materials also increases the rigidity of the piezoelectric actuator since ceramic materials have a significantly higher modulus of elasticity than metals.

Abstract: A device for spraying a cosmetic or dermatological composition may comprise an ultrasound or electrostatic spray head, an airflow generator for entraining a spray of composition particles atomized by the spray head and a conditioning device, the conditioning device arranged to modify the temperature of the outgoing stream of air.