Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to various structures for applying a sealant to a work surface. In one aspect of the invention, a sealant applicator assembly is provided for use with an apparatus of the type having an elongated body defining an interior bore and having a piston movably positioned in the bore and a pusher member operatively associated with the piston. The assembly comprises a spray adaptor adapted to communicate with the bore of the body and defining a distal outlet. A first gas passageway is cooperatively associated with the distal outlet and configured to direct gas to create a spray discharge of the sealant. An actuating member is adapted to be cooperative associated with a pusher member to eject sealant through the distal outlet and is operative to simultaneously actuate a supply of gas to the first gas passageway for creating a spray discharge of sealant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are injectors and methods for use thereof. In one embodiment the injector comprises: an inner tip, a slurry tip disposed around the inner tip forming a second flow channel, and a wear insert disposed within the slurry tip and in contact with the second flow channel. The inner tip comprises a first flow channel attached to a first supply conduit that can supply a first media to the first flow channel. Attached to the slurry tip is a second supply conduit, which can supply a second media to the second flow channel. The wear insert comprises a metal oxide.

Abstract: A dispenser for dispensing liquid material while attenuating the liquid material or controlling the pattern of the liquid material with process air has a plurality of process air passages for providing process air to one or more liquid dispensing modules or nozzles. The flow rate of process air provided to one or more of the modules or nozzles may be separately controlled to be different from the flow rate provided to other modules or nozzles on the dispenser. Accordingly, the flow rate provided to each module or nozzle can be optimized to accommodate a particular dispensing nozzle or die.

Abstract: A method for oxy-fuel combustion, the method comprising the steps of: introducing a liquid fuel into an emulsion chamber through a liquid fuel conduit having an effective diameter, the emulsion chamber having a length that is 2 times or less than 2 times of said effective diameter of said liquid fuel conduit; introducing an atomizing gas into the emulsion chamber through at least one atomizing gas conduit; mixing the liquid fuel and the atomizing gas in said emulsion chamber to create an emulsion mixture that has a mean residence time in said emulsion chamber of from 500 to 800 ?s, the emulsion mixture having an emulsion mixture velocity less than or equal to 12 m/s; and discharging said emulsion mixture through a generally rectangular-shaped orifice into an oxygen-enriched oxidizer stream. A nozzle and burner for oxy-fuel combustion are also disclosed.

Abstract: A packaging machine for forming, filling and sealing containers, which machine treats the containers with a liquid sterilizing agent before filling them, includes a nozzle assembly, with a mixing cap of a particular configuration, for helping to provide a sterilizing spray.

Abstract: A dispensing nozzle assembly for dispensing a number of micro-ingredients into a fluid stream. The dispensing nozzle assembly may include a micro-ingredient mixing chamber, a number of micro-ingredient lines in communication with the micro-ingredient mixing chamber such that the micro-ingredients mix therein, and a mixed micro-ingredient exit such the mixed micro-ingredients are dispensed into the fluid stream.

Abstract: A method for generation of electrical power mainly from a coal based fuel, where the combustion gas is separated into a CO2 rich stream and a CO2 poor stream in a CO2 capturing unit, the CO2 poor stream is released into the surroundings, and the CO2 rich stream is prepared for deposition or export, is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nozzle system of modular construction, by means of which drops may be produced from liquids of different viscosity. The heart of the invention is constituted of multiple arrangements of individual nozzles without moving parts, which are in connection with one another and form individual modules. This construction enables a simple expansion and adaptation of the system, which ensure a maximum flexibility.

Abstract: A fuel injector system for injecting fuel into a turbomachine combustion chamber, the system comprising first and second fuel injectors wherein the first injector (22) is positioned in the center of the injector system (20) so as to inject a first fuel spray (42), and wherein the second injector (28) surrounds the first injector in such a manner as to inject a second fuel spray (48) of generally annular shape around the first fuel spray. The injector system further comprises an air admission duct (22) with outlet orifices (62) opening out between the first and second injectors so as to create a separator air film (f1) between the respective combustion zones of the first and second fuel sprays.

Abstract: An atomizing device, comprising a fine liquid tube, a holder to permanently fix the tube proximate to its exit end and an optional cap to homogeneously and repeatably disintegrate small liquid amounts is disclosed. A manufacturing method for reproducibly machining the atomizer assembly of the present invention is provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for freshening air, comprising: a base unit having a recess for engaging at least one cartridge; a power supply operably connected to the base unit; an active portion of a nebulizer that includes a piezoelectric element connected to be driven by a driving and switching circuit connected to the power supply, wherein the active portion is incorporated with the base unit; a detachable autonomous liquid droplet dispensing cartridge detachably engagable with the recess of the base unit, wherein the cartridge comprises a first airless bag for storing a first nebulizable liquid, a second airless bag for storing a second nebulizable liquid, a passive portion of the nebulizer, wherein the passive portion includes an interface; a casing enclosing the first and second bags, and housing the passive portion; wherein when the dispensing cartridge engages the recess of the base unit, the passive portion is connected to the active portion.

Abstract: The invention concerns a nozzle body for a liquid droplet spray device for atomising a high viscous liquid substance such as perfume. A first and second substrate enclose a space for containing the liquid substance. Outlet means are arranged in the second substrate and have at least one outlet nozzle and at least one output channel, said output channel having straight side walls. Each output channel has a stepped shape having a wider portion and a thinner portion, the wider portion being arranged adjacent the space. The thinner portion contains a protrusion section protruding beyond the top surface of the second substrate such that the exterior side wall of the protrusion section is at a substantially straight angle with respect to the top surface of the second substrate.

Abstract: A nozzle for use in a coating apparatus for the application of a solvent and polymer to a stent is provided.

Abstract: A portable spraying device has an internal combustion engine and a blower driven by the internal combustion engine. A blower tube is connected to the blower and conveys a blowing air stream generated in the blower. A spraying agent reservoir is provided and a spraying agent line is connect to the reservoir and conveys a spraying agent stream from the reservoir into the blowing air stream. A control valve is arranged in the spraying agent line. A throttle control acts on the internal combustion engine for controlling an engine output. A stop switch acts on the internal combustion engine for interrupting ignition. An actuating element acts on the control valve for actuating the control valve to control the spraying agent stream. A handle with a handle head is provided and the throttle control, the stop switch, and the actuating element are arranged in the handle head.

Abstract: The apparatus for supplying a spraying machine with small quantities of liquid product to be sprayed, in particular for processing small batches of articles (M), presents a spray unit (Z) designed in any way so as to support, removably and preferably in an overturned position, at least one container (C1) made of any suitable rigid or deformable pressure-resistant material, with a small capacity, for example able to contain from one to two litres of paint or other product to be sprayed. The spray unit (Z) is provided with quick-release and/or removable connections (3, 103) and a short pipe (4) for connecting the discharge mouth of said container to the spray guns (Z1) and there being envisaged a pressurization pipe (101, 102) which supplies the pressurized fluid and means are envisaged for pressurizing with this pipe the paint situated inside said container (C1), so that said paint is forced out and is supplied with the desired pressure to said spray guns (Z1).

Abstract: An elongated pipe conduit snow making tower, and assembly method, having an upper end spray nozzle head and pivotally supported on a support pipe for vertical inclination by a hydraulic ram jack enabling infinite non-preselected incremental inclinations. A ram safety latch automatically latch/catches the tower pipe if the jack leaks. Secondary and tertiary external flexible water hoses are selectable to feed associated spray head snowmaking nozzles, and an internal compressed air conduit feeds spray head seeding nozzles. Secondary and tertiary ball valve assemblies mounted on a water feed block are outlet coupled to their respective hoses. In drain condition turbulent primary water continually washes against a valve ball flow closure side for an anti-freezing effect. The spray head is a four-piece modular planar stack up of disks each carrying spray nozzles that all discharge forwardly away from the pipe tower in generally parallel spray patterns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nozzle system for a delivery device for liquids, wherein the nozzle system comprises a nozzle and a device which fixes the nozzle in the delivery device. The delivery device, an atomiser, has a liquid reservoir from which a liquid is forced through the nozzle under pressure. The nozzle fixing means may itself be secured by a second fixing, e.g., in the form of a check nut, or the fixing may itself be a check nut. According to the invention the fixing means on the nozzle outlet side has a specific geometry which minimizes the proportion of dispensed liquid deposited on the fixing means. Preferably, the present invention is part of a propellant-free device for nebulizing pharmaceutical liquids.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for uniformly injecting a fluid stream into a gas stream at elevated temperature by means of an injection nozzle comprising a nozzle head and a supply inner tube being concentrically surrounded with an outer casing tube spaced apart from the inner supply tube. It comprises passing the fluid stream through the inner tube and the nozzle head and maintaining temperature of the fluid stream in the inner tube by providing thermal insulation in at least part of an annular space between the inner tube and the outer tube. Further it comprises maintaining a constant flow of the fluid inside the inner tube and nozzle head by plugging the nozzle head at outlet end and spraying the fluid stream through a number of nozzle holes provided in the nozzle head adjacent to the outlet end of the nozzle head.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing and centrally positioning an inner capillary in a concentric nebulizer comprises supporting the inner capillary near the tip of the nebulizer by contacting the nebulizer body against the inner capillary or by interposing a support between the nebulizer body and the inner capillary near the tip. An embodiment of a nebulizing device having stabilized central positioning of its inner capillary is disclosed which comprises an outer capillary with a linear bore and a gas/liquid orifice in a distal tip, a central capillary disposed within the linear bore, and a support sufficiently proximate the orifice to maintain the central capillary substantially centered within the outer capillary adjacent to the orifice. An open volume within the outer capillary between the orifice and the support is dimensioned to enable gas flow to spread substantially evenly around the central capillary.

Abstract: A dispenser bottle comprising two receptacles for two (preferably different) fluid active substances wherein both receptacles have outlets arranged next to one another in such a way that both active fluids can be applied to a common application field. The receptacles are compressible and provided with discharge nozzles so that the active fluids are mixed with one another only after exiting from the discharge nozzles. The nozzle channels of the discharge nozzles taper towards each other and are preferably substantially parallel. The nozzle channels have an annular construction below the outlet on the inner periphery and have edged transitions with a chamfer forming a bevel on the influx side.

Abstract: Spray array apparatus which includes a plurality of water and air carrying spoke members extending radially from a central fluid distribution assembly. The spoke members are connected to a plurality of water and air carrying strut members. The spoke members are divided into segments and the segments and strut members are detachably joined together by means of manifold joints which have water and air passageways allowing fluid communication between spoke segments and strut members. The apparatus is towed at the end of a boom of a tanker aircraft and is connected to the boom by means of a gimbal allowing two degrees of freedom to reduce bending moments and connection stresses. Selected fluid parameters are transmitted to the tanker aircraft to adjust fluid flow, if necessary.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and process for solid-state deposition and consolidation of powder particles entrained in a subsonic or sonic gas jet onto the surface of an object. Under high velocity impact and thermal plastic deformation, the powder particles adhesively bond to the substrate and cohesively bond together to form consolidated materials with metallurgical bonds. The powder particles and optionally the surface of the object are heated to a temperature that reduces yield strength and permits plastic deformation at low flow stress levels during high velocity impact, but which is not so high as to melt the powder particles.

Abstract: A system and method for injecting a low-pressure spray of solution into a high-pressure spray of liquid produced by a pressure washing system. The system comprises a liquid storage tank for the solution that is operable to be pressurized. The system comprises a wand that is coupled to the liquid storage tank and securable to a high-pressure wand. The system may comprise a high-pressure pump that is operable to produce a high-pressure flow of fluid to the high-pressure wand. The pressure stored in the liquid storage tank provides the force to drive the solution to the discharge of the high-pressure wand.

Abstract: Methods and devices for repelling insects are disclosed. The methods and devices provide personal protection from insect bites and insect landings, particularly mosquito bites. The methods and devices employ insect repellents such as pyrethroids at low (parts per billion) levels. The methods and devices effectively minimize the number of mosquitoes landing on a subject properly using the devices.

Abstract: A nebulising dispenser head (1; 100) for a bottle that is elastically deformable by squeezing, comprising a channel of the liquid and a channel of the air obtained in a machine block of the dispenser head (1; 100) and an ejection tip (3) provided with a sealing door (8) hinged in its distal part (35), the sealing door (8) being able to rotate by 180 DEG from an open position to a closed position of a discharge orifice of the dispenser head.

Abstract: A nozzle for mixing and delivering two or more components and method of use thereof. One variation provides a nozzle that injects a first component, such as fuel, into a flow plume for a second component, such as nitrous oxide, for use with combustion engines. The nozzle receives two or more separate flows of components (e.g., gases and/or liquids), one of which is pressurized so as to be outputtable from the nozzle as a plume. The plume is directed so as to encompass an output extension for the other component near the plume edge, thereby enhancing mixture of the components. In addition, the plume produces a low pressure draw of the second component from the output extension, the low pressure draw varying with plume velocity, in turn varying with delivery pressure of the first component. The plume flow of the second component also atomizes the first component, further enhancing mixing.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a novel process for atomizing a liquid material or a mixture of liquid materials. More specifically, this disclosure advances the art by utilizing the inertial forces created in an elevated acceleration environment to further miniaturize and enhance the characteristics of particles resulting from atomization. The key to this disclosure is to subject a melt material to an elevated acceleration and pass a fluid over the surface of the melt. The purpose of the elevated acceleration is to elevate the relative importance of gravitational forces in the melt thus miniaturizing any gravity influenced disturbance. This elevated acceleration environment leads to miniaturization of gravitationally dependent phenomena thus leading to smaller particle creation. The purpose of the atomizing fluid is to impart kinetic energy onto the melt thereby causing disturbances and to act as a heat transfer media to cool the particles.

Abstract: A snow-gun for producing man-made snow from a combination of compressed air and water features a new nozzle configuration for discharging a mixture of water-particles and air into the surrounding atmosphere. Such nozzle is provided with an elliptically-shaped discharge port having a transverse cross-section that gradually expands in size in the direction in which the air and water particles are discharged from said nozzle. Preferably, the area of the elliptical port changes non-linearly through the front wall of the nozzle, whereby water particles exiting the gun through the nozzle port are less likely to collide with the side walls of the port or with each other before reaching the relatively cold ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: Snow is made, for use on ski slopes and the like, using compressed air at a pressure substantially less than 95 psig, preferably around 30 psig. The air is provided to a snow making head or snow gun, where it is flowed through an air nozzle having effective diameter D. The air stream intersects a water droplet stream with angle A and at distance L from the air nozzle. Preferred angle A is in the range 70 to 110 degrees. The preferred ratio L/D is in the range 9:1 and 22:1. High pressure air from existing compressor systems is reduced to a desired substantially lower pressure by a central choked flow throttle upstream of an aftercooler, or by multi-stage throttles located near the snow making head. Water is added to the compressed air to substantially improve snow making, particularly when ambient relative humidity is low.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for spraying an atomized liquid, which includes a hollow casing including an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is adapted to receive an airflow. The outlet includes a nozzle having an aperture. The apparatus also includes a liquid cartridge associated with the hollow casing and a tube with a tip and a source end attached to the liquid cartridge. The tip of the tube is positioned in a region on a side of the nozzle outside of an interior of the hollow casing and the tube is adapted to draw a liquid out of the liquid cartridge. A method is provided for producing an airbrush, which includes providing two halves of an outlet end of a hollow casing and providing an inlet end of the hollow casing. The method further includes providing a liquid cartridge including anchors for attaching the liquid cartridge to the two halves of the outlet end and providing a nozzle insert adapted to fit between the two halves of the outlet end near an outlet.

Abstract: The present invention provides an assembly, sock, and method for generating foam. The assembly includes a housing having a chamber, and a first and second orifice. A fan arranged within the housing draws a flow of air into the chamber through the first orifice and exhausts the flow of air through the second orifice to form an exhausted flow of air. A nozzle is arranged within the chamber and is situated in proximity to the second orifice to allow introduction of a fluid into the exhausted flow of air through the second orifice. A permeable sock includes an inner surface and an outer surface. The sock is arranged to occlude the second orifice in a manner to receive the exhausted flow of air with the fluid at the inner surface.

Abstract: The illustrative embodiment of the present invention is an atomizer, a method for atomization, and a system that includes an atomizer. In some embodiments, an atomizer in accordance with present invention operates at substantially higher efficiency than known atomizers. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present atomizer is capable of operating at lower gas pressure and lower liquid pressure than most known atomizers, as is desirable for certain fire-suppression applications. Additionally, in some embodiments, the atomizer is configured with only three parts and is very easy to manufacture.

Abstract: An applicator for applying a multi-component bio-material including at least two containers. Both containers are held in a structure or oriented in a structure such that material contained in the containers can be expressed from oriented outlets simultaneously. The applicator includes a graspable member which allows the material to be expressed from all containers of the applicator substantially simultaneously. The applicator may be constructed such that a pre-selected and substantially different volume is expressed from each of the containers substantially simultaneously.

Abstract: The invention includes a spraying device (10) for producing a precise degree of liquid droplet generation on a repeatable basis by combining a specified rate of regulated flow of liquid material with a regulated flow of high-pressure air. The spraying device (10) includes an electric or engine driven direct drive compressor (12). Coupled to the compressor (12) is an air storage tank (14) providing air pulsation reduction to the regulated air and serves as a reservoir for excess airflow generation. A Venturi nozzle (18) is connected to the compressor (12). A liquid supply tube (24) uses a fixed or variable restriction to regulate the liquid flow to the nozzle (18). The vacuum in the liquid supply line (24) draws this liquid flow and mixes the liquid externally with the regulated air in exacting proportions forming specified liquid droplet sizes. The device (10) uses air and liquid regulation combined with a Venturi nozzle (18) and is able to generate extremely consistent liquid droplet sizes.

Abstract: An external mixing nozzle, with a flat-jet cap which is fastened to a nozzle body, the flat-jet cap being provided with a central bore or the like, pointing towards the nozzle body, for receiving a liquid insert, and having a central orifice which receives a mouth attachment of the liquid insert, at the same time defining an annular gap surrounding the mouth attachment, the flat-jet cap defining a planar surface portion which runs perpendicularly to the axis of the nozzle body and within which a central orifice is provided, and, furthermore, the surface portion having adjoining it laterally two surfaces running essentially mirror-symmetrically and obliquely to the axis of the nozzle body and adjoining the surface portion, wherein the flat-jet cap contains, in the region of the surface portion, outlet orifices which are provided at an equal distance from the central orifice and which communicate with bores provided so as to run in the jet cap obliquely to the axis of the nozzle body, with transitions from the

Abstract: Methods and devices for repelling insects are disclosed. The methods and devices provide personal protection from insect bites and insect landings, particularly mosquito bites. The methods and devices employ insect repellents such as pyrethroids at low (parts per billion) levels. The methods and devices effectively minimize the number of mosquitoes landing on a subject properly using the devices.

Abstract: Burner (1) comprising a head (2) with two groups of holes (4?, 4?) for the passage of fuel and comburent arranged in circles concentric to the burner axis, in which the various groups (5) of holes are separated by circular sectors without holes and the axes of the holes are oblique compared with the burner axis (X) to create special forms of flame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispersing apparatus comprising a container body; a sealable lid detachable from the container body; a mixing shaft supported by and extending from the lid and having a mixing member; an enclosing member supported by the lid or the mixing shaft and surrounding the mixing member; the enclosing member containing pulverizing media and permitting a pigment-vehicle fluid to pass therethrough; a vacuum pump connected to the lid through a condenser and pipes to reduce the pressure in the container body; and a recovery tank connected to the condenser to collect a liquid fraction separated from a gas fraction by the condenser; wherein the recovery tank and the condenser are connected to the lid through pipes so that the liquid fraction separated by the condenser can be returned from the recovery tank or the condenser to the container body when required, in order to control the viscosity of the pigment-vehicle fluid.

Abstract: A fuel injector adapter for providing nitrous oxide to an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The nozzle has a central fuel injector passage that terminates at a first outlet end. Fuel from a fuel injector may be passed through the central fuel injector passage. The nozzle also has an inner annular passage arranged circumferentially around the central fuel injector passage. The inner annular passage terminates at a second outlet end. The nozzle also has an outer annular passage arranged circumferentially around the inner annular passage that terminates at a third outlet end. One or both of the inner and outer annular passages is adapted to pass nitrous oxide through it. The nozzle is adapted to fit between a fuel injector and an engine without substantial modification to the engine.

Abstract: A spray bar having a plurality of laterally spaced nozzles mounted in a row on a header block for discharging a row of liquid spray patterns, and a method of manufacture. The spray bar header includes a plurality of separate plates, each formed with a plurality of nozzle-receiving apertures and with one or more faces of adjacent interfacing plates being formed with grooves which define fluid passages for the supply liquid, atomizing and nozzle-actuating air, and heating fluid. The plates preferably are electroplated/electropolished for thorough and efficient cleaning upon disassembly.

Abstract: Described herein is an apparatus for applying fluids to a surface. The apparatus includes a nozzle coupled to a pressurized gas supply source and a fluid supply source. The nozzle includes outer conduit and an inner conduit ¥positioned such that a gap is formed between the inner and outer conduits. The outer conduit is coupled to the pressurized gas supply source. The inner conduit is coupled to the fluid supply source. Gas passed through the gap between the inner and outer conduits pulls fluid from the fluid supply source and into the gas stream.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for production of vapor-phase growth carbon fibers. The apparatus can continuously produce these carbon fibers for a long time without blocking a furnace of tubular reactor of the apparatus. Also disclosed is a process for production of carbon fibers by means of the apparatus, a device for preventing deposition of carbon fibers on an inside of a furnace of tubular reactor, and vapor-phase growth carbon fibers produced in the apparatus. The vapor-phase growth carbon fibers include carbon nanofibers and/or carbon nanotubes. The apparatus includes a furnace of tubular reactor, at an end of which a feedstock-supplying nozzle is provided, and a discharge pipe inserted in the furnace of tubular reactor, the top end of which faces the opening of the nozzle and the bottom end discharges the carbon fibers.

Abstract: Spray head 1 especially for a high-pressure spray gun, comprising a rotary element 3, which is placed in a central body 2 and through which passes a spray nozzle 37, and a seal 4 ensuring leak-tightness between the rotary element 3 and the gun, the rotary element 3 having a circular central part 31 comprising the nozzle 37 and introduced into a lateral aperture 21 of the central body 2, the circular central part 31 being brought, by means of an upward translational movement of the central body 2, into a working position against an inner abutment located at the top of the central body 2, the nozzle 37 placed in the circular part 31 of the rotary element 3 being in the working position above the top of the central body 2.

Abstract: In an aspirating and dispensing/spraying device, a holder is screwed onto a tube, connected to a liquid supply line, in such a way that it is displaceable along the tube by rotation. The tube is surrounded at a distance by a coaxial sleeve, which is solidly anchored in the holder, having a discharge opening on its front end, which is conically narrowed, whose edge surrounds the front end of the tube, which carries a outlet opening, separated by a narrow annular gap from the tube. The sleeve carries a connecting piece laterally, to which a pressurized gas supply line is connected and which discharges eccentrically into the space between the sleeve and the tube, so that pressurized gas flowing in receives angular momentum. When the gas flows out of the annular gap, it mixes intensively with the liquid coming out of the outlet opening and forms a discharge cone made of a fine, symmetrical aerosol with the liquid.

Abstract: A burner and a method for producing an inorganic soot such as silica comprising a plurality of substantially planar layers having multiple openings therethrough formed by a micromachining process. The openings are in fluid communication with a precursor inlet and a gas inlet to permit the gas and the precursor to flow through and exit the burner. The burner produces a flame from a combustible gas in which the precursor undergoes a chemical reaction to form the soot.

Abstract: A powdered medicine multi-dose administering device in which a hole (5c) is formed in the bottom surface of a medicine storage chamber (5a) capable of storing a powdered medicine of an amount of many times of administering operation, the hole (5c) being located at a position where a pump unit can be communicated with the exterior via a pipe (2g, 2d). At the administering position, the powdered medicine in a medicine container unit (5b) is injected out of the device together with the air through the pipe, while the hole is kept away from being brought into contact with opening means (2f).

Abstract: A mixing device for outputting wet insulation is provided. The mixing device includes a nozzle and a plurality of control apertures that control penetration of a wetting material, such as foam with a binder, into insulation particles that are being forcibly moved through the nozzle. The control apertures can be used to provide a spray output and/or control the insulation density associated with the wet insulation output by the nozzle. The control apertures can be part of a primary conduit that can be adjustable or removable relative to a receiver space of the nozzle. Depending on the relative location of the control apertures in the nozzle receiver space, a desired insulation density can be achieved. Different primary conduits can also be provided having one or more of a different number of control apertures, sizes of the control apertures and positions thereof.

Abstract: A retort is described for use with paperboard containers (48) to reduce moisture absorption during processing of foodstuffs therein. The improvement includes using solid cone spray nozzles (50) with spray angles in the range of about 100 degrees to about 115 degrees. In one embodiment, the distance (D′) between the nozzles and the container is in the range of about 70 mm to about 200 mm. In another embodiment, the flow rate if each nozzle (50) is reduced relative to known systems, while the total vessel flow rate is kept the same as per cubic meter load. Further, an overpressure may be added to the vessel via compressed air. In accordance with other aspects, an Impact reduction is used which relates nozzle flow rate, pressure, distance, etc. with moisture absorption in paperboard containers.

Abstract: The invention includes a spraying device (10) for producing a precise degree of liquid droplet generation on a repeatable basis by combining a specified rate of regulated flow of liquid material with a regulated flow of high-pressure air. The spraying device (10) includes an electric or engine driven direct drive compressor (12.) Coupled to the compressor (12) is an air storage tank (14) providing air pulsation reduction to the regulated air and serves as a reservoir for excess airflow generation. A Venturi nozzle (18) is connected to the compressor (12.) A liquid supply tube (24) uses a fixed or variable restriction to regulate the liquid flow to the nozzle (18.) The vacuum in the liquid supply line (24) draws this liquid flow and mixes the liquid externally with the regulated air in exacting proportions forming specified liquid droplet sizes. The device (10) uses air and liquid regulation combined with a Venturi nozzle (18) and is able to generate extremely consistent liquid droplet sizes.

Abstract: A low volume-low pressure spray gun (10) for spraying a fluid has a housing (12), a gas input (16), a trigger valve mechanism, and a nozzle (14). The gun (10) has lower and upper air passages (38, 39) which connect the gas input (16) to the trigger valve mechanism (23), and the trigger valve mechanism to the nozzle (14), respectively. The upper passage (39) is offset from the lower passage (38) and is substantially conical in shape, the layout of the passages (38, 39) producing a gas vortex in the upper passage (39) which creates a gas acceleration to compensate for the low pressure of the gas entering the gas input (16). The trigger valve mechanism comprises a piston valve (23), a liquid control needle valve (22), and a trigger (40). The piston valve (23) may include inner and outer apertured sleeves (26a, 26b), the sleeves being co-axial with the inner sleeve (26a) located inside the outer sleeve (26b).