Abstract: A combustor has a mixing body with a central fuel passage with a central axis and adapted to be connected to source of fuel. A nose at a forward end includes a plurality of fuel injection passages allowing fuel to flow from the central fuel passage into an area forward of an outlet from the fuel injection passages. An inner air supply radially outwardly of the central fuel passage delivers air into inner slots extending downstream of outlets of the fuel injection passages such that air and fuel can begin to be mixed and move downstream of an end of the nose. An outer air supply delivers air downstream of the inner air outlet such that air from the outer air supply, air from the inner slots and fuel from the fuel injection passages are all driven forwardly into a combustion chamber. A gas turbine engine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A combustor assembly for a gas turbine engine according to an example of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a combustion chamber, and a fuel injector assembly in communication with the combustion chamber that has a swirler body situated about a nozzle to define an injector passage that converges to a throat. The throat is defined at a distance from the combustion chamber. The nozzle includes a primary fuel injector and an array of secondary plain jet fuel injectors.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes an outer support defining a fuel manifold and an inner support, with a feed arm extending radially between the inner support and the outer support. A plurality of outlet openings extending in an axial direction from the feed arm for feeding respective injection nozzles. The feed arm defines a plurality of fuel passages therethrough in fluid communication with the fuel manifold and outlet openings to supply fuel from the fuel manifold to the outlet openings. A heat shield extends from the outer support to the inner support and extends about the outer support and the feed arm to provide heat shielding to the fuel manifold and the fuel passages.

Abstract: A fuel spray nozzle comprises a fuel passage (1) having at least one inlet and at least one outlet. The outlet is configured for accelerating fuel exiting the fuel passage into a jet. An air swirler (3) is arranged outboard of the fuel passage and converges to a single outlet chamber (5) adjacent the fuel passage outlet(s). The air swirler (3) can be nominally concentrically arranged but have some freedom to move axially or radially or change its angular position. The fuel passage outlets may be arranged symmetrically in an annular configuration. An air passage may be arranged axially within the annular array of fuel passage outlets.

Abstract: A swirler includes a swirler body and a plurality of axial swirl vanes extending radially outward from the swirler body. At least one of the swirler body or vanes includes a spring channel defined therethrough. A fuel injector for a gas turbine engine can include an inner air swirler and/or outer air swirler as described above.

Abstract: A clothes treatment apparatus and a control method thereof are disclosed. The clothes treatment apparatus includes a fixed nozzle device and a moving nozzle device to supply at least one of steam and heated air to clothes. As a result, the clothes may be washed effectively or refreshed.

Abstract: Fire protection apparatus, systems, and methods for addressing a fire with a mist are provided. More particularly, the invention provides systems and their method of design which provide a water mist to address and preferably suppress a fire. The invention further provides systems and methods for total flooding volume protection of a space to address a fire, preferably control, suppress, and more preferably extinguish a fire. The invention further provides atomizing devices for use in such systems and methods.

Abstract: A droplet generation system includes a first nozzle configuration structured to receive a liquid and a gas under pressure in a controllable feed ratio, and to merge the liquid and gas to form an intermediate stream that is a mixture of the gas and of a dispersed phase of the liquid. A second nozzle configuration is connected to receive the intermediate stream from the first nozzle configuration and has a valve mechanism with one or more controllable operating parameters to emit a stream of droplets of the liquid. The mean size of the droplets is dependent on the controllable feed ratio of the liquid and gas and the flow rate of the stream of droplets is dependent on the controllable operating parameter(s) of the valve mechanism. A corresponding method is disclosed, as is the application of the system and method to the production of nanoparticles in a thermochemical reactor.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally provide plasma etch process chamber improvements. An improved gas injection nozzle is provided for use at a central location of the lid of the chamber. The gas injection nozzle may be used in an existing plasma etch chamber and is configured to provide a series of conic gas flows across the surface of a substrate positioned within the chamber. In one embodiment, an improved exhaust kit for use in the plasma etch chamber is provided. The exhaust kit includes apparatus that may be used in an existing plasma etch chamber and is configured to provide annular flow of exhaust gases from the processing region of the chamber.

Abstract: An exemplary device for spray applications includes a nozzle configured to emit a first fluid stream in a downstream direction away from the nozzle. At least one feed port situated near the nozzle introduces an agent into the first fluid stream to be carried by the first fluid stream in the downstream direction. At least one cleaning port situated near the nozzle emits a second fluid stream in a generally upstream direction toward at least one of the nozzle or the feed port.

Abstract: A feeding device for feeding a chemical into a process liquid flowing through a process liquid flow duct, the feeding device includes: a feeding liquid duct having a discharge opening; a mixing liquid feed duct extending through the feeding liquid duct, a sidewall and a closed end wall, wherein the end wall extends beyond the discharge opening of the feeding liquid duct and extending into the process liquid flow duct; a mixing space adjacent the end wall and within the sidewall of the mixing liquid feed duct; a chemical feed duct extending through the mixing liquid feed duct and having a discharge opening proximate to the mixing space in the mixing liquid feed duct, and a mixture discharge opening in the side wall of the mixing liquid feed duct.

Abstract: The nozzle for introducing and for metered addition of a treatment medium into the exhaust gas stream in combustion processes comprises a nozzle tube (2) and an inner displacement body (1) having a round cross section to form a nozzle ring gap (14). The displacement body (1) borders a mixing chamber (18) inside the nozzle tube (2) and on this end has a tapered area (3) with which it is held exclusively on a feed tube (5) for the treatment medium. The feed tube (5) crosses through a pressure chamber (6.1), which has two axial bordering walls (4, 7). The feed tube is held in these bordering walls, with a holder (12) being provided in the bordering wall (4), allowing the carrier medium from the pressure chamber (6.1) to flow through to the nozzle gap (14).

Abstract: An air cap for keeping a spray nozzle with a flat spray clean is presented. The air cap contain the nozzle and has a slit for the spray from the nozzle, through which opening an air flow is flowing in the same direction as the flat spray from the nozzle. The air cap is divided into a back component comprising an internal thread, and a front component comprising the slit. The components are rotatable relative to one another.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for conveying a flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air to a substrate to form an insulation product on the substrate is provided, including: a nozzle body defining a flow path for accommodating the flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air, wherein the nozzle body comprises an inlet for receiving the flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air; an outlet for propelling the flow from the nozzle assembly; and at least one expansion section in which the cross-sectional area of the nozzle body expands in the direction of flow, the at least one expansion section being effective to reduce the velocity of the particles flowing therethrough; and at least one binder outlet for providing a binder to the flow of particles of insulation material propelled from the outlet.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to improve flux spray atomization and/or splash control are described. In one embodiment, a flux nozzle includes a plurality of injection holes to deposit flux fluid through an exit hole of an air cap onto a substrate (such as a printed circuit board). The flux fluid may atomize prior to deposition onto the substrate as relatively smaller broken down flux droplets that may aid reduced spray splash. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are injectors and methods for use thereof. In one embodiment the injector comprises: an inner tip, a slurry tip disposed around the inner tip forming a second flow channel, and a wear insert disposed within the slurry tip and in contact with the second flow channel. The inner tip comprises a first flow channel attached to a first supply conduit that can supply a first media to the first flow channel. Attached to the slurry tip is a second supply conduit, which can supply a second media to the second flow channel. The wear insert comprises a metal oxide.

Abstract: A bi-propellant rocket engine may include a primary propellant flowing in a central passageway, a secondary propellant flowing in a secondary passageway generally coaxial with central passageway and a pintle tip having a central chamber sidewall coaxial with the primary passageway and surrounding a central chamber, the central chamber sidewall having a first plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the central chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway. The pintle tip may have a secondary chamber sidewall, substantially thicker than the primary chamber sidewall, surrounding a secondary chamber downstream of and in fluid communication with the primary chamber, the secondary chamber sidewall having a second plurality of apertures there through so that some of the primary propellant exits the secondary chamber transverse to the flow of the secondary propellant in the secondary passageway.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly for conveying a flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air to a substrate to form an insulation product on the substrate is provided, including: a nozzle body defining a flow path for accommodating the flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air, wherein the nozzle body comprises an inlet for receiving the flow of particles of insulation material suspended in air; an outlet for propelling the flow from the nozzle assembly; and at least one expansion section in which the cross-sectional area of the nozzle body expands in the direction of flow, the at least one expansion section being effective to reduce the velocity of the particles flowing therethrough; and at least one binder outlet for providing a binder to the flow of particles of insulation material propelled from the outlet.

Abstract: An atomizing device, comprising a fine liquid tube, a holder to permanently fix the tube proximate to its exit end and an optional cap to homogeneously and repeatably disintegrate small liquid amounts is disclosed. A manufacturing method for reproducibly machining the atomizer assembly of the present invention is provided.

Abstract: An applicator for dispensing a conformal coating material onto a substrate. The applicator has a body with a nozzle having a dispensing orifice at a distal end of the body, and assist air is supplied to a location adjacent the dispensing orifice. A seat is disposed in the nozzle around the dispensing orifice, and an end of a needle is movable into contact with and through the seat to terminate a flow of the coating material through the dispensing orifice and eliminate any coating material flow path downstream of the seat. A needle guide is used to laterally support the needle above the nozzle. The distal end of a nozzle is the distal end of the applicator and is exposed for cleaning.

Abstract: The present invention includes a nozzle device and method for forming a composite fluid. The nozzle device generally comprises a nozzle portion connected to a main body. The main body includes an inner axial bore extending therethrough. An annular wall extends radially therefore and an annulus extends from an outer perimeter of the annular wall. The annulus and the annular wall define an annular chamber at least partially open to the atmosphere. A portal fluidly communicates the bore with the annular chamber. The nozzle portion includes a converging nose section also having an internal axial bore extending therethrough. An annular collar extends from the nose section and disposes at least partially within the annular chamber. A first tube for transporting a first fluid disposes within the axial bore of the main body and nose section, terminating at an exit port of the nozzle section.

Abstract: An air assisted spray nozzle assembly adapted for more efficiently producing a full cone spray distribution with finely atomized particles distributed throughout the conical spray pattern. The spray nozzle assembly includes a nozzle body having a liquid passage communicating with the pressurized liquid supply and at least one air passage communicating with a pressurized air supply.

Abstract: A dispensing nozzle device for dispensing processing materials to an output region, includes a body and a plurality of first conduits. The body is formed with a first chamber, a second chamber, a plurality of through holes in communication with the first chamber and the second chamber, and a dispensing nozzle conduit for communicating the second chamber with the output region. The plurality of first conduits are respectively in communication with the plurality of through holes and have a plurality of openings received within the second chamber. A gap is formed between each of the first conduits and corresponding one of the plurality of through holes.

Abstract: A fluid mixing device includes a nozzle having a first element mounted therein, and connected to a hollow, tubular element having a series of openings formed therein adjacent the first element. The hollow, tubular element extends outwardly from the nozzle, through an exit opening and may have a second element mounted thereon. The second element may take various shapes, including having a number of protrusions thereon, to vary the atomization of fluid flowing from the nozzle exit. An outer end of the hollow, tubular element may be free to suck in atmosphere, or may be attached to a tube immersed in a container, to draw in a second fluid to mix with the first fluid through the nozzle.

Abstract: A multi-flavor post-mix dispense head includes a nozzle having a plurality of concentrate inlet ports for directing concentrate(s) to a plurality of outlet ports; and a diluent inlet port for directing a diluent to an annular outlet port, surrounding the concentrate outlet ports. The annular diluent outlet port has a configuration which forms a cylindrical outlet flow of diluent surrounding a liquid stream of concentrate from any of the concentrate outlet ports. The cylindrical outlet flow of diluent combines under surface tension into a single stream to form a freely-supported cup downstream from the nozzle. The concentrates are respectively introduced through the concentrate outlet ports internally of the cup in a stream or spray to be mixed together with the diluent and then flow downstream together in a homogenous mixture.

Abstract: A snowmaker is comprised of a head which has an outer ring of nozzles which form a flow of primary water into droplets which move downstream preferably along paths running at a slight radially outward angle, together with a central nucleator which discharges frozen nuclei particles outwardly from a plurality of atomizers at the downstream end cap end of the nucleator. The nucleator is readily disconnectable from the ring. Secondary water flow is fed to the nucleator so it swirls at high velocity within, to greatly enhance the warming effect of the water on the nucleator parts, and to thereby inhibit accumulation of exterior ice. The secondary water is mixed with compressed air as they both enter the atomizers of the end cap. A resultant flow of nuclei from the atomizers is discharged so the flow merges with the plume of primary water droplets from the nozzle. Preferably, flat spray nozzles are used.

Abstract: A work machining method including ejecting from a nozzle a plurality of liquids separately toward a workpiece to be machined and a machining part and mixing the liquids each other as the liquids are made in a mist form; whereby the liquids in a mist form are supplied toward the workpiece to be machined and the machining part, and an apparatus for supplying mist including an air supply tube having an ejection nozzle installed in a work machining apparatus; the air supply tube having a hole on a point of the ejection nozzle and an air outlet in a peripheral area of the injection nozzle; and a cooling water supply tube and an oil cutting fluid supply tube within the air supply tube; wherein each open end of the supply tubes is opened to the hole of the ejection nozzle. With this method and apparatus, the quality of the liquids may not deteriorate, a cooling effect and lubricity are provided at the same time on the parts, and further the pressure of compressed air, water and oil can be separately regulated.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to achieve lower NOx combustion in response to the increasingly intensified NOx regulations for burners. The present invention provides a low nitrogen oxides generating combustion method and apparatus which utilizes effective self-induced exhaust gas recirculation before the initiation of the combustion of diffusion flames, or allows part of the combustion gas to be entrained by auxiliary fuel flow, air flow and fuel flow before the formation of the diffusion flames to further intensify the recirculation flow of the combustion gas by the diffusion flames or, in addition, which can achieve rich and lean combustion in the diffusion flames for decreasing the generation of NOx by a combination of these measures, and which are excellent in flame stability even in a low temperature atmosphere.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus for atomizing fluid in a gas flow. The apparatus has a nozzle which fluidly communicates with a source of liquid, and a gas passage which surrounds the nozzle. The nozzle is formed such that it directs the liquid into the surrounding passage as a continuous, radial emanating sheet. The gas flowing through the passage impacts with the liquid sheet to produce a uniform cloud of atomized liquid droplets downstream of the nozzle. The apparatus may further have a reduced cross-sectional area of the passage in the vicinity of the nozzle to increase the gas velocity and enhance the atomization of the fluid. The nozzle may have a valve arrangement to selectively open and close the nozzle, and the passage may have a valve arrangement. A swirl mixing of the atomized liquid and gas may be provided downstream of the impact atomization of the fluid sheet in the passage.

Abstract: A flame spraying burner melts or partially melts with combustion heat, a spray material comprising a powdered fire-resisting material to thermally spray a damaged portion of a furnace wall or the like. The flame spraying burner includes a burner nozzle body having a central passage for supplying oxygen-contained gas, the central passage having a projecting leading end, and a plurality of fuel gas supply passages formed around the central passage. Each of the plurality of fuel gas supply passages has a leading end recessed from the leading end of the central passage. A cylindrical burner tile is positioned around the leading end of the fuel gas supply passages and extends to at least the leading end of the central passage. A plurality of oxygen jetting ports are formed in the radial direction around the leading end of the nozzle cap.

Abstract: An oxidant lancing nozzle and lancing method wherein first and second oxidant streams are injected into a combustion zone under defined conditions enabling the lancing of oxygen to augment a main combustion reaction with improved flame stability and unchanged or even reduced NO.sub.x formation.

Abstract: An air nozzle assembly for use in an associated combustion apparatus which includes a secondary air nozzle apparatus. The air nozzle apparatus may be a part of the windbox of an associated furnace. The apparatus includes a housing which has at least a part thereof disposed surrounding a first axis. The part has respective first second third and fourth cross-sectional areas at first, second, third and fourth axially spaced planes that are perpendicular to and axially spaced along the first axis of the part of the housing. The cross sectional area of each of the first second third and fourth cross-sectional areas each different from each other of the cross sectional areas. The apparatus also includes a diffuser member; apparatus for supporting the diffuser; and apparatus for moving the apparatus for supporting along a second axis, the second axis is parallel to the first axis. In some forms of the invention the diffuser member is a rotationally symmetrical object which may be a truncated conical body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plain jet radial injection fuel nozzle for a gas turbine combustor. The nozzle includes an axially elongate middle tube having a desired diameter. The middle tube is adapted for fuel flow. A fuel exit passage is located circumferentially around the middle tube near its distal end. An axially elongate inner adapted for flow of air or gaseous fuel is inside the middle tube. An axially elongate outer tube is also adapted for flow of air or gaseous fuel. The outer tube is located outisde the middle tube, so as to create a space between the middle tube and the outer tube where fuel flowing through the middle tube and air flowing through the inner and outer tubes can mix to form a fuel/air mixture. The nozzle has an endcap at the distal end of the outer tube. The endcap includes a fuel/air exit passage that permits the fuel/air mixture to exit the nozzle. The nozzle can be adapted to attach to a quarl for providing a fuel/air mixture to a gas turbine combustor.

Abstract: A lance and gas injection system wherein the lance comprises a metallic supply tube and a two piece small diameter nozzle comprising a metallic backpiece and a ceramic frontpiece.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for washing and drying (cleaning) a wetsuit. The system employs a two-tiered, fluid piping structure having an upper and lower hanger portions. The upper hanger portion is directly or indirectly connected to a hose which is connectable to a water or/and air source. During washing and rinsing operations, the appropriate liquid is introduced through the hose into the hanger portions, and is driven through a plurality of spray heads disposed selectively on both upper and lower hanger portions. The individual spray heads are oriented to overlappingly spray the entire outside and inside surfaces of the wetsuit. In a commercial embodiment, two or more systems are connected in series along a common horizontal tube. The entire unit is suspended and housed within a special enclosure.

Abstract: A wetsuit washing hanger includes a pair of hollow laterally extending arms for supporting a wetsuit by its shoulder area. The hollow interior of the arms communicate with an integral funnel into which water from a shower head from which the device is suspended may be directed. Apertures in the side walls of the hollow arms enable a washing liquid to spray onto the interior of the wetsuit.

Abstract: An improved torch for the mixing of oxidant and fuel gases external to the torch, for example for use in chemical vapor deposition processes, and its method of manufacture are disclosed. A first torch body portion is formed having a manifold cavity with one side open. A number of tubes extend from passages formed in a torch face plate through the first manifold cavity. A first liquid material (such as wax) is poured into the cavity, such that its upper surface defines the desired inside wall surface of the first manifold corresponding to the open side. This material is allowed to harden. A second liquid material (such as epoxy) is then poured over the first material, and hardens to form the remaining wall of the first manifold cavity and to seal the tubes to the torch body portion. The first material is then removed, providing a torch body portion having a manifold with tubes extending through it. A second manifold may then be assembled to the first torch body portion to provide connection to the tubes.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing viscous fluid material having one-piece nozzles which produce a supply of drops of fluid material. The nozzles each include a nozzle body having a first end and a dispensing end. A gas flow path through the nozzle body has an array of outlet sections which terminate at the dispensing end of the nozzle body. The inlet section of the gas flow path is a cylindrical bore which feeds a stream of gas to each of the outlet sections. A plurality of viscous fluid material passageways closely surround the outlet sections of the gas flow path. As a stream of material is discharged from each material passageway, the expansion of gas emerging from the gas outlet sections breaks up the flowing material, thereby applying the material in a spray of droplets even though both the gas flow and material flow are continuous. The first ends of nozzles are attached to an elongated dispensing bar of an applicator.

Abstract: A burner 10 for the edge heating of strip metal travelling between a furnace and a rolling mill comprises a body 12 having two chambers 16, 18 separated by a dividing wall 14. A multiplicity of square tubes 24 connect the first chamber 16 with an upper surface 26. The tubes 24 project through the second chamber and are located in corresponding circular holes 30 such that a gap is provided around the tube. The first chamber 16 has gas inlets 20, provided with baffles to ensure dispersion of the gas within the chamber 16, and the second chamber 18 is provided with oxygen inlets 28. Thus a gas entering the first chamber 16 via the inlet 20 and leaving through the tubes 24 mixes with the oxygen on the upper surface 26, the oxygen leaving the body 12 via the holes 30. A cooling jacket 34 supplied with cold water acts as a barrier to increase flame stability and cool the burner which can heat up due to back radiation from the surface to be heated.

Abstract: A mixing arrangement for mixing a combustible gas mixture consisting of at least two gas components for treatment of materials by means of temperature and pressure shocks, comprises for each gas component a feeding line discharging into a mixing chamber. At the discharge area of each of the feeding lines a jet arrangement is provided which forces gas flows discharged from the jet arrangement to take a shape and direction which enhance the admixture thereof before they enter the mixing chamber.

Abstract: In an electrically actuatable fuel-injection valve for internal combustion engines, a piezoelectric oscillator (radial oscillator 11) which is provided with electrodes has at least one fuel-receiving chamber (12). The chamber (12) is in communication with the fuel feed path (constant-volume chamber 20) and an ejection opening (bore 17). The oscillator (11) is mounted in a block (18) out of which the fuel feed path (constant-volume chamber 20) is also formed. Furthermore, a high-voltage generator (35) is located, electrically shielded from the outside, within the block (18), which consists of metal. The high-voltage generator is connected to the electrodes of the piezoelectric oscillator (11) via feed lines (14, 15) which are conducted within the block (18).

Abstract: A prilling apparatus with which a molten material hardenable upon cooling is prilled to a narrow size distribution without fouling of atomizing fluid ports. The apparatus includes: (a) a nozzle body; (b) a central bore for conducting the feed material through the nozzle body; (c) a plurality of exit passages formed in the nozzle body in fluid communication between the central bore and exterior the nozzle body; and (d) a plurality of atomizing fluid passages adapted for impinging an atomizing fluid upon feed material essentially exteriorly the nozzle body at an angle of from about 120.degree. to about 160.degree., preferably about 135.degree.-145.degree., when the atomizing fluid and the feed material are expelled under pressure from the fluid passages and the exit passages, respectively, thereby atomizing the feed material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for high temperature heating, melting, refining and superheating of materials, such a steel scrap, metals, ceramics or glass. The invention provides an economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing flame in a liquid cooled combustion chamber by separately supplying streams of fuel and at least two oxidizing gases wherein a first oxidizing gas reacts with the fuel, and a second oxidizing gas is directed about the flame core to further react with the fuel, while controlling the flow of the fuel, the oxidizing gases and cooling liquid to provide the required heat input, combustion product chemistry, temperature, velocity, emissivity and combustion block temperature. Also disclosed are burners for carrying out the invention.

Abstract: A low pressure loss injector element A is disclosed for the main combustion chamber of a rocket engine which includes a lox post (40) terminating in a cylindrical barrel (50). Received within the barrel (50) is a lox plug (46) which is threaded in the lox post and includes an interchangeable lox metering sieve (60) which meters the lox into an annular lox passage (56). A second annular gas passage (62) is coaxial with the annular lox passage (56). A cylindrical sleeve (64) surrounds the annular gas passage (62) and includes an interchangeable gas metering sieve (77) having metering orifices through which a hot gas passes into the annular passage (62). The jets which emerge from the annular lox passage and annular gas passage intersect at 80 which is recessed away from the combustion area. Thus, mixing and combustion stability are enhanced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for heating the surface of a substrate and to a burner particularly as part of a spray gun suitable for carrying out the process of flame spraying. In order to improve flame stability and to increase the output, compressed air is supplied using annular guide plates arranged in cascade fashion, one above the other and one behind the other in various planes in the direction of the jet. As a result of this, kinetic energy is introduced into the flow of hot gases as the air volume increases, so that almost complete combustion of the hot gases can be achieved at relatively low end temperatures. The drop-off in temperature of the hot gases in the direction of flow starting from the mouth of the burner is relatively small. Consequently, it is also possible to heat substrates uniformly which, as a result of their particular shape, have a varying spacing from the mouth of the burner.

Abstract: A liquid-atomizing nozzle in which intermixing of air and liquid occurs externally of the nozzle and the primary air utilized for such intermixing is amplified by the entrainment of ambient secondary air. Two versions of the nozzle are disclosed, each having a tubular body with a generally cylindrical section terminating in a conical nose section. Air under pressure is discharged through radial openings in the cylindrical section and is redirected by a collar surrounding the cylindrical section to form a high velocity stream of air about and along the gradually-tapered outer surface of the nose section. Such high velocity primary air, amplified by ambient secondary air, strips liquid from at least one opening in the nose section to produce an externally-developed air-liquid mixture. In one version the liquid discharge opening is at the tip of the conical nose section; in another version a plurality of such openings are formed in the conical surface of that section.

Abstract: A burner nozzle assembly is disclosed for atomizing liquid fuel at lower emission velocities, and comprises an axially extended nozzle body and a nozzle cap mounted forwardly thereon, the nozzle cap and nozzle body cooperating to define a flow reversing fluid path for the liquid fuel, to cause the fuel to move essentially countercurrent to its initial direction of flow, and to the flow of an auxiliary fluid disposed in an outer coaxial conduit. The reversal of flow of the liquid fuel, promotes a collision between it and the auxiliary fluid, to facilitate thorough atomization, without the need for increase in emission velocities, that results in higher fuel consumption and reduced per capita fuel utilization and heat radiation. The nozzle is adapted to operate in a variety of burner assemblies, including conventional burner guns, and is of simple construction.

Abstract: A large capacity air-powered flare for smokeless combustion of very large volumes of vented waste gases, comprises a first inner vertical conduit of diameter D1, for the flow of waste gas, and a second larger coaxial conduit of diameter D2, for the flow of primary combustion air, at a selected velocity in the annular space therebetween. Above the top the inner conduit there is a cylindrical obstruction of diameter D3 which is greater than D1, but less than D2. This forces the upwardly flowing gases to be deflected outwardly and upwardly into the second annular space between the obstruction and the outer conduit. The velocity of primary combustion air in the second annular space is at least 50 f.p.s., which serves to thoroughly mix with the inflowing gases so that as they rise through the second annular space they continue flowing above the top of the flare as an annular wall of high velocity gas, air and flame. This high velocity annular flow has large surface area on the outside and inside.

Abstract: Efficient and silent air nozzle assembly for discharging a small amount of compressed gas, such as air, to entrain a larger amount of secondary air and direct or focus the composite air mixture against a work station, such as for cleaning or ejection purposes. The air nozzle comprises a conduit having an exit orifice into which is pressed a solid nozzle plug having a multiplicity of peripheral longitudinal surface recesses which provide a multiplicity of small gas passages between the plug and the inner surface of the conduit. The plug has an inwardly tapered tip which extends out of the exit orifice of the conduit to cause the exiting gas to entrain surrounding or secondary air and direct the gas-air mixture along the tapered surface thereof where it converges as a concentrated air flow.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for high temperature heating, melting, refining and superheating of materials, such a steel scrap, metals, ceramics or glass. The invention provides an economizing method of hydrocarbon fluid fuel combustion in an ongoing flame in a liquid cooled combustion chamber by separately supplying streams of fuel and at least two oxidizing gases wherein a first oxidizing gas reacts with the fuel, and a second oxidizing gas is directed about the flame core to further react with the fuel, while controlling the flow of the fuel, the oxidizing gases and cooling liquid to provide the required heat input, combustion product chemistry, temperature, velocity, emissivity and combustion block temperature. Also disclosed are burners for carrying out the invention.