Abstract: An irrigation conduit comprising an extruded tube having a peripheral wall and at least one elongated passage and an elongated supply tube having an elongated supply passage. The supply tube is formed of sheet material joined together along longitudinally extending portions to form a seam. A region of the sheet material extends at least part way around the perimeter of the extruded tube, and the extruded tube is retained on such region of the sheet material. Transfer ports extend between the passages of the two tubes and discharge ports extend from the passage of the extruded tube to the exterior of the irrigation conduit.

Abstract: Low-pressure irrigation of fields is carried out simultaneously through a plurality of flexible hoses of equal length, one end of which is connected to a water supply, while the other end is open. The hoses are stretched out in parallel alignment across the field to be irrigated, preferably one hose each between two rows of plants, and all hoses are simultaneously gathered so that their open ends travel over the ground at slow uniform speed while water pours out of the open ends and irrigates the soil. When the open ends of the hoses have reached a point near the water supply, water is turned off and the hoses are transported to another field portion and stretched out in similar fashion. An apparatus for carrying out this irrigation method comprises a slowly rotated shaft which carries grooved pulleys distanced according to the hose distances, one pulley per hose.

Abstract: A continuous drip irrigation tube having a series of longitudinally extending capillary tubes formed on its wall integrally with said wall.

Abstract: A drip irrigation conduit comprising first and second elongated tubes. The tubes have an outer wall of sheet material defining the outer periphery of the tubes. A common wall of sheet material extends from one region of the outer wall to another region of the outer wall to separate the interiors of the tubes. A portion of the common wall overlaps a portion of the outer wall, and these overlapping portions have confronting surfaces. At least regions of the confronting surfaces are spaced apart to define a transfer passage leading from the first tube to the second tube. Discharge orifices lead from the second tube to the exterior of the outer wall.

Abstract: This invention relates to drainage by use of elongated strips of such a physical structure that they allow an exchange of fluids between their core and the medium in which they are placed. The drainage strips are used by vertically placing them in wet soils to evacuate water contained in said soils by use of a pressure differential exerted upon the water due to the pressure of the soil layer over the atmospheric pressure in the interstices of the drainage structure.

Abstract: A multiple chamber drip irrigation hose for distributing irrigation water and the like comprising, in combination, a primary and at least one secondary tube of flexible, water-impermeable material and joined at a common wall. Said common wall has a series of first holes placing the interior of said primary tube in communication with the interior of said secondary tube. Said secondary tube has a series of second holes leading from the interior of said secondary tube to the exterior. A flexible, filamentary line, ridge or groove is positioned within said secondary tube and forms a restricted path for water flowing from a first hole to a second hole. Optionally, at least one tertiary tube of flexible, water-impermeable material is joined to said secondary tube at a second common wall, with said second holes through said second common wall.

Abstract: A multiple chamber drip irrigation hose for distributing irrigation water and the like comprising, in combination, a primary and at least one secondary tube of flexible, water-impermeable material and joined at a common wall. Said common wall has a series of first holes placing the interior of said primary tube in communication with the interior of said secondary tube. Said secondary tube has a series of second holes leading from the interior of said secondary tube to the exterior. A flexible, filamentary line, ridge or groove is positioned within said secondary tube and forms a restricted path for water flowing from a first hole to a second hole. Optionally, at least one tertiary tube of flexible, water-impermeable material is joined to said secondary tube at a second common wall, with said second holes through said second common wall.

Abstract: A drip irrigation system for agriculture comprises a plurality of water distribution lines extending across a field or similar area for growing crops. The lines are arranged in at least two separate groups, and the lines in each of the groups are interconnected. A source of pressurized, substantially unfiltered water is selectively communicated with the lines, and a plurality of water emitters are connected with and spaced along each of the lines for discharging water into the soil. Each emitter has an orifice sized to generally allow foreign material in the unfiltered water to pass therethrough. A water distributor has an inlet portion connected with the water source, and at least two outlet ports each connected with an associated one of the water line groups.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: Individual pipes which constitute a pipe line are in the form of a tube divided into a main space and a secondary space. Plug members are located at the ends of the secondary space to sealingly define the secondary space and the outer peripheral wall of the tube defining the secondary space portion is provided with one or more holes from which a fluid maintained under pressure in the secondary space is sprayed outwardly. The main space and the secondary space are connected by a passage having means for adjusting the flow rate of fluid from the main space to the secondary space.

Abstract: An apparatus for thawing of frozen food products is provided which includes a tank member having an open top which is provided with a specially constructed cover member which insures sanitary conditions during the thawing while at the same time minimizing the quantity of liquid utilized to thaw the frozen food. The cover member is constructed so as to define a reservoir chamber for the liquid used in thawing and is further provided with a plurality of inwardly facing openings so as to spray the liquid over the frozen food in the tank. Drain means are provided so that the food being thawed is never immersed in liquid but rather has a flowing thin film of liquid over its surface. Low temperatures are utilized thereby decreasing the rate of bacterial activity within the product being thawed.

Abstract: An irrigation device in the form of an elongated conduit of predetermined length wherein the conduit comprises a one piece wall of plastic material formed by extrusion in a continuous length. The conduit comprises at least two compartments having specific relative dimensions and disposed in fluid communication with one another wherein the configuration and disposition of the two compartments are defined by the configuration of the single wall portion which is formed from the single piece of extruded material. Dispersion means in the form of a strip of elongated liquid permeable material is mounted within one of the compartments and configured to extend outwardly to the exterior of the conduit whereby liquid is dispersed through the two compartments to the exterior of the conduit through the liquid permeable dispersion element by a capillary-type action.

Abstract: Fire protection apparatus having a conduit formed internally with longitudinally continuous compartments for conveying water or fire-extinguishing gas or foam, and spray nozzles spaced along the conduit and each connected to a different compartment thereof. Combustion detectors are arranged in each of the areas adjacent to the conduit which are covered by the spray from the nozzles and operate a control system selectively supplying fluid to a compartment of the conduit when a fire hazard is detected, so as to supply the particular nozzle or nozzles covering the area where the fire hazard has arisen. An extensive network of piping is avoided and the apparatus can be installed inconspicuously and without the need for robust jointing, sealing and supporting fittings.

Abstract: A soil irrigating system includes a plurality of drip tubes communicating with a supply of pressurized water to dispense a substantially continuous flow of water to the soil. Flushing valves are connected to remote ends of the drip tubes to periodically flush the tubes clean. Each flushing valve comprises an inlet communicating with a drip tube, an outlet for discharging water from the drip tube, a pilot opening arranged to introduce pressurized pilot water to the valve, and a valve element of resiliently deformable material. The valve element has a recessed configuration suitable for enabling the valve element to extend longitudinally forwardly and radially outwardly into a sealing posture in response to urgings of pressurized pilot water at the pilot opening, to prevent discharge of water from the remote end of the associated drip tube.

Abstract: A steam supply apparatus includes at least two pipes located in spaced apart, side by side relationship, and a cover member extending across the pipes and secured thereto. End members are secured to the respective opposite ends of the pipes, and a pair of baffles between each pair of pipes are secured thereto in a substantially V-shaped configuration with a slot between adjacent ends of the baffles at the base of the V-shape, the base of the V-shape being directed towards the cover member. Steam is supplied to the pipes, and each pipe has a series of apertures communicating the interior of the pipe with the space between the pipes, the cover member and the baffles.