Abstract: A particle removed from a substrate is suppressed from adhering to the substrate again. A substrate cleaning apparatus includes a substrate holder configured to hold the substrate; a gas nozzle configured to jet a cleaning gas to the substrate on the substrate holder; and a nozzle cover provided to surround the gas nozzle. The cleaning gas is jetted to a decompression chamber of the nozzle cover from the gas nozzle, and a gas cluster configured to remove the particle on the substrate in the decompression chamber is generated. A gas for a gas curtain is jetted from an end portion of the nozzle cover toward the substrate, and the gas curtain is formed between the substrate and the end portion of the nozzle cover.

Abstract: An atomizer includes a housing structure, a connecting structure installed at one end of the housing structure, and a heating structure installed in the housing structure. The connecting structure includes a first conductive member provided below the housing structure, a second conductive member provided in the first conductive member, an insulating member provided between the first conductive member and the second conductive member, and a third conductive member provided in the second conductive member. The heating structure includes a heating member. The heating member includes a main body, and a first electrode contact and a second electrode contact configured for electrically connecting with the main body. The first electrode contact is clamped between the first conductive member and the housing structure. The second electrode contact is clamped between the second conductive member and the third conductive member.

Abstract: A cartridge for an aerosol generating device is provided, which includes a storage configured to store an aerosol generating material; a heating element configured to generate aerosol by heating the aerosol generating material; an aerosol discharge passage configured to discharge the aerosol in one direction; and a cap coupled to one end of the storage to seal the storage; and a droplet accommodation portion formed in the cap and located on an extension line of the aerosol discharge passage to accommodate droplets formed from the aerosol.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for systems and methods for targeted mass inoculation. A transmission system for targeted mass inoculation may comprise a first pathogen, wherein first pathogen may comprise a vaccination for an infectious disease. The transmission system may comprise a host that receives the first pathogen. The transmission system may comprise a vector that receives a second pathogen from the host. The second pathogen may inoculate a secondary host when the secondary host receives the second pathogen from the vector. The vector may comprise a mechanical device. When the vector comprises a mechanical device, the vector may comprise a computing device. The computing device may identify a suitable secondary host. The computing device may comprise an algorithm for secondary host recognition and differentiation. The computing device may retain a database comprising indicators of which secondary host candidates have already received the pathogen.

Abstract: A nozzle assembly including a primary tube and an outer housing, and configured to generate a counterflowing stream to break up another fluid into small droplets.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for generating droplets (30) comprising a plurality of channels (20), wherein each channel (20) extends from an inlet (201) along a respective longitudinal axis (L) to an outlet (202), wherein said device (1) comprises a plurality of layers (10) of a substrate material arranged in a stack (100), wherein each layer (10) comprises a first side (101) and a second side (102) facing away from each other, and wherein said first side (101) of each layer (10) comprises a plurality of grooves (103), wherein said channels (20) are formed by said grooves (103) of said first side (101) of a respective layer (10) of said stack (100) and said second side (102) of a respective adjacent layer (10) of said stack (100). The invention further relates to a method for generating droplets (30) and a fabrication method of the device (1).

Abstract: A container and methods for construction are disclosed herein for a container having a replaceable bottom pan. An adapter is affixed to the lower edge the container and a replaceable bottom pan is removably affixed to the adapter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices and methods for measuring a varnish jet for a varnishing process for electronic subassemblies. Said devices and methods allow the width and symmetry of the varnish jet to be determined without performing any relative movement between the varnish jet and the sensor.

Abstract: A welding or additive manufacturing system includes a power supply having a controller which controls operation of the power supply. The power supply provides a current waveform to a contact tip assembly having a first bore terminating at a first exit orifice and a second bore terminating at a second exit orifice. The first exit orifice is configured to deliver a first wire electrode and said second exit orifice is configured to deliver a second wire electrode. The exit orifices are separated from each other by a distance configured to facilitate formation of a bridge droplet between the wire electrodes while preventing solid portions of the first wire electrode delivered through the first bore from contacting solid portions of the second wire electrode delivered through the second bore, during a deposition operation in which the current waveform is conducted to both of the wire electrodes simultaneously through the contact tip assembly.

Abstract: The present disclosure may provide an atomizer and an electronic atomization device. The atomizer may include a shell, a heating assembly, a lid, a base, and a first sealing component. The shell defines a liquid cavity and a smoke outlet. The heating assembly may heat and atomize the liquid into a smoke. The lid and the base may be provided to fix the heating assembly therebetween. The lid defines a liquid inlet communicating with the liquid cavity, and the liquid may flow through to reach the heating assembly. The atomizer may define an air entering hole, such that external air may enter the device through the hole to drive smoke to flow. The first sealing component may be engaged between the lid and the heating assembly, contacting both at the same time and defining air guiding channels to guide the air to flow into the liquid cavity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides fluid eductors, systems that utilize fluid eductors, and methods of entraining a suction fluid flow using a fluid eductor. Exemplary fluid eductors include a concentric eductor space or a plurality of annular eductor spaces. Exemplary methods include ejecting a volume of motive fluid out of a concentric eductor space of a fluid eductor, accelerating a peripheral region of the suction fluid flow with the motive fluid ejecting out of the first annular eductor space, and accelerating a core region of the suction fluid flow with the motive fluid ejecting out of the second annular eductor space.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for a spray system with dynamically configurable droplet sizes are disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid coolant injector for injecting a liquid coolant into a cylinder of a split cycle engine, wherein the liquid coolant has been condensed into a liquid phase via a refrigeration process, the injector comprising, a thermally insulating housing, a liquid coolant inlet, a liquid coolant outlet in fluid communication with the liquid coolant inlet via a liquid coolant flow path wherein the liquid coolant flow path extends through the thermally insulating housing, the thermally insulating housing configured to inhibit vaporisation of the liquid coolant within the liquid coolant flow path, a valve closure member, moveable between a first position in which the valve closure member blocks the liquid coolant flow path and a second position in which the liquid coolant may flow from the liquid coolant inlet to the liquid coolant outlet, and, a driver operable to move the valve closure member between the first and second position in response to a control signal.

Abstract: A fuel injector providing a flow of fuel having a variable swirl and/or variable effective area is disclosed. The fuel injector may have a nozzle defining a mixing chamber having an outlet proximate a centerline of the mixing chamber, a first fuel line in fluid communication with the mixing chamber and a second fuel line in fluid communication with the mixing chamber. The first fuel line may terminate in a tangential fuel inlet positioned tangential to the centerline of the nozzle, while the second fuel line may terminate in a radial fuel inlet positioned radial to the centerline of the nozzle.

Abstract: A spraying apparatus includes a spraying apparatus main body, a liquid introduction portion, a gas introduction portion, a gas-liquid spout portion, a liquid inlet, a gas inlet, a tubular flow passage, a spout, a flow passage having a taper, a straightener, and a projection portion. The liquid inlet allows a liquid flow to enter a gas-liquid mixer which is a space inside the annular gas introduction portion. The gas inlet allows a gas flow to enter the gas-liquid mixer. The straightener has an opening having an uneven shape provided in the flow passage having the taper. The projection portion is provided in the liquid introduction portion, protrudes to the gas-liquid mixer, and forms the straightener and a straightening outlet.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to the field of medical devices. In particular, the present disclosure relates to devices and methods to convey fluid delivered from a delivery catheter. Exemplary catheters are disclosed which include fluid distribution devices for delivery of fluid and delivery of pass-through medical instruments, such as cryodecompression tubes, within body lumens.

Abstract: An atomizing spray nozzle device includes an atomizing zone housing that receives different phases of materials used to form a coating. The atomizing zone housing mixes the different phases of the materials into a two-phase mixture of ceramic-liquid droplets in a carrier gas. The device also includes a plenum housing fluidly coupled with the atomizing housing and extending from the atomizing housing to a delivery end. The plenum housing includes an interior plenum that receives the two-phase mixture of ceramic-liquid droplets in the carrier gas from the atomizing zone housing. The device also includes one or more delivery nozzles fluidly coupled with the plenum chamber. The delivery nozzles provide outlets from which the two-phase mixture of ceramic-liquid droplets in the carrier gas is delivered onto one or more surfaces of a target object as the coating on the target object.

Abstract: A process and system are provided for introducing a blend of chopped and dispersed fibers on an automated production line amenable for inclusion in molding compositions as a blended fiber mat for structural applications. The blend of fibers are simultaneously supplied to an automated cutting machine illustratively including a rotary blade chopper disposed above a vortex supporting chamber. The blend of chopped fibers and binder form a chopped mat. The chopped mat has a veil mat placed on either side, and is consolidated with the veil mat using heated rollers maintained at the softening temperature of thermoplastic binder, with consolidated mats being amenable to being stored in rolls or as flat sheets. A charge pattern is made using the consolidated mat, and the charge pattern can be compression molded in a mold maintained at a temperature lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic fibers.

Abstract: A spraying apparatus includes a spraying apparatus main body, a liquid introduction portion, a gas-liquid spout portion, a gas introduction portion, a liquid inlet, a first gas inlet passage, a second gas inlet passage, and a spout. The first gas inlet passage is provided at at least one place of the annular gas introduction portion so as to communicate with the gas flow passage and the gas-liquid mixer, and allows a gas flow flowing through the gas flow passage to enter the gas-liquid mixer. The second gas inlet passage has a gas inlet having a predetermined area ratio, is provided on a downstream side of the first gas inlet passage of the gas introduction portion, and communicates with the gas flow passage and the gas-liquid mixer.

Abstract: An artificial flame apparatus produces a simulated flame using a plume of mist that is illuminated around, about, and/or through an artificial wick. A mist may be produced by a transducer, such as an ultrasonic transducer, that is in contact with liquid from a liquid reservoir. The rate of mist exiting the housing may be modulated to produce a more realistic looking artificial flame. An airflow device may control, shape, vary, and/or move the mist in the creation of the vapor plume. Airflow channels, inlet and outlet ports, openings (angled and/or straight) to effectively transport air to control movement and/or shape plume characteristics (e.g. height, width, density, shape) to simulate the look and effect of a realistic dancing flame. A light source is configured to illuminate the mist and/or the artificial wick.

Abstract: A robotic orchard spraying system having an autonomous delivery vehicle (ADV), autonomously delivering an amount of a premixed solution over path, the path identified by a forward-looking sensor. The ADV uses GPS to sense an area containing the path, and LiDAR as the forward-looking sensor. Also, a mobile control center, configured to wirelessly inform the autonomous delivery vehicle of the path within the areas and to confirm that the autonomous delivery vehicle is following the path within the area. Additionally, a mapper vehicle generates the path within the area, the mapper vehicle being configured to communicate information about the path and the area to the command center. The mapper vehicle senses the path with a forward-looking LiDAR sensor, and senses the area with a GPS sensor. Moreover, a nurse truck has a reservoir of premixed solution for replenishing a tank of the ADV.

Abstract: A nozzle for use in delivering a mixture of aerosol propellant and drug formulation. The nozzle includes a drug product inlet configured to receive a mixture of aerosolized propellant and an intranasal dosage form. The inlet is disposed at the proximal end. A nozzle body is secured to the drug product inlet. Two or more channels are disposed within the body. Two or more orifice apertures are disposed at the distal end of the nozzle.

Abstract: A sprayer for spraying liquid onto a target area or band, the sprayer comprising a shield (10) and a nozzle arrangement for spraying liquid in a spray pattern. The shield (10) comprises a hood (12) at an upper portion of the shield (10) and a flexible skirt (14) at a lower portion of shield (10). The shield (10) surrounds the nozzle arrangement and the spray pattern allowing liquid to be sprayed onto the target area or band through an opening at the bottom of the shield (10). The skirt (14) comprises an inner membrane (40) and an outer membrane (42) which encircle the opening.

Abstract: Provided are an atomizing head (1), an atomizer (100) and an electronic cigarette. The atomizing head (1) comprises a shell (12) provided with a liquid inlet (121) and an inner cavity (17), and an atomizing head base (81) provided with an air inlet channel (151), where the liquid inlet (121) and the air inlet channel (151) are both in communication with the inner cavity (17); a bottom end of the shell (12) is fixedly connected to the atomizing head base (81); an elastic element (16) encloses an air outlet end of the air inlet channel (151); the elastic element (16) has a first state and a second state; in the first state, the air inlet channel (151) is in communication with the inner cavity (17); and in the second state, the air inlet channel (151) and the inner cavity (17) are blocked up against each other.

Abstract: A first recess and a second recess are formed in a wall surface of the second space, a projection is formed between the first recess and the second recess, a first coupling port is formed in the first recess, a second coupling port is formed in the second recess, the projection extends in a direction of crossing between the first coupling port and the second coupling port, and a distance, between the first coupling port and a front end portion, in a first direction as a direction toward the first coupling port from the second coupling port among directions in a plane of the filter is smaller than a distance in the first direction between the first coupling port and one end portion of the projection and is smaller than a distance in the first direction between the first coupling port and another end portion of the projection.

Abstract: A nasal fluid-spray device having: a reservoir containing at least one dose (D) of fluid; and a dispenser system that, each time the device is actuated, sprays a dose (D) of fluid through a spray orifice, generating a spray that extends axially from the spray orifice. The device further includes a generator system for generating a secondary flow, which generator system is actuated simultaneously with the dispenser system, the secondary flow generator system having a secondary flow channel provided with an outlet orifice, the outlet orifice arranged downstream from the spray orifice, and the secondary flow extending from the outlet orifice along an axis (B) that forms an angle (?) relative to the axis (A) of the spray and that intersects the axis (A), thereby deforming and/or deflecting the spray.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for liquid-treating a substrate. The substrate treating apparatus includes a liquid supply unit configured to supply a treatment liquid in which a first liquid and a second liquid are mixed, onto the substrate unit, wherein the liquid supply unit includes a nozzle configured to discharge the treatment liquid, a first liquid supply line supplying the first liquid to the nozzle, and a second liquid supply supplying the second liquid to the nozzle, and the nozzle includes a body having a mixing space in which the first liquid and the second liquid are mixed and a buffer space extending from the mixing space, in the interior thereof, and a collision member located in the buffer space and configured to decrease a flow velocity of the treatment liquid supplied to the buffer space.

Abstract: A system includes a spray tool including a trigger and a sensor. The system includes a fluid regulation system including a container configured to store a coating material and a pump configured to control a flow of the coating material. The system includes a pump control system including a controller configured to change an operating parameter of the pump distributing the coating material in response to an input from the sensor. The pump control system is coupled to the fluid regulation system.

Abstract: A solder alloy includes Sn, optional Ag, Cu, and Al wherein the solder alloy composition together with the solder alloy superheat temperature and rapid cooling rate from the superheat temperature are controlled to provide a dispersion of fine hard Cu—Al intermetallic particles in an as-solidified solder alloy microstructure wherein the particles are retained even after multiple solder reflow cycles often used in modern electronic assembly procedures to provide a particle strengthening to the solder joint microstructure as well as exert a grain refining effect on the solder joint microstructure, providing a strong, impact- and thermal aging-resistant solder joint that has beneficial microstructural features and is substantially devoid of Ag3Sn blades.

Abstract: A dispensing control system, including a frame component having a first side surface and a second side surface, a first sensor portion positioned proximate the first side surface, and a second sensor portion positioned proximate the second side surface, the second sensor portion being separated from the first sensor portion a distance to allow a liquid spray stream exiting a dispenser of a conformal coating machine to pass therebetween, wherein the first sensor portion transmits a beam of light towards the second sensor portion to measure the liquid spray stream exiting the dispenser, the beam of light encompassing both edges of the liquid spray stream while the dispenser is stationary, is provided. Furthermore, an associated method is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an aerosol delivery device. The aerosol delivery device may include a control body and a cartridge. The cartridge may include a base, a flow director, an outer body, a reservoir substrate, an outer body, and a mouthpiece. Heating elements may be molded into the flow director. The flow director may be welded to the base and the outer body, or the base and the flow director may include deformable ribs that engage the outer body. The flow director and the outer body may cooperatively define a reservoir compartment in which the reservoir substrate and the atomizer are received. The flow director and the base may define an electronics compartment in which an electronic control component is received. A related assembly method is also provided.

Abstract: An exemplary atomizer includes a main body, a liquid supply, a piercing element, and an atomizing assembly. The liquid supply is configured for storing tobacco liquid. The liquid supply is received in the main body. The liquid supply includes an end wall having a fixing part, a sealing part, and a recessed part. The recessed part connects the fixing part and the sealing part. The piercing element is spatially corresponding to the recessed part. The piercing element is configured for pricking the recessed part in response to an external force, so that the tobacco liquid in the liquid supply flows out, and the atomizing assembly absorbs the tobacco liquid flowed out for vaporization.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette device having a disposable tank are described. The disposable tank may have a sealed liquid chamber, an atomizer element and a tank well.

Abstract: An apparatus having a transducer configured to be modulated and transduce a liquid and form a simulated flame. The transducer may be piezoelectric transducer driven by a modulated drive signal that has varying power levels such that a liquid transduces to a mist, and also such that the transducer controls and shapes the mist to create a vapor plume. The plume is illuminated by a colored light source generating the simulated flame. A wick or a nozzle may present the liquid to the transducer. The wick may have different shapes i.e. helical, tiered, and include intertwined or braided fiber optic cables of varying colors, or LED lights/tubes. The transducer may have multiple openings, perforations, notches, and/or impressions to shape the plume and creating the effect of a dancing flame.

Abstract: A vehicle interior panel includes a decorative skin and a polymer coating provided to increase material thickness at a desired portion of the decorative skin The polymer coating may be formed by a thermal spraying process in which a polymeric material is heated and deposited along an inner side of the decorative skin The decorative skin may be thermoformed from a uniformly thick sheet of thermoplastic material so that it includes a reduced thickness portion after forming. The polymeric material can be deposited along the reduced thickness portion to form the polymer coating, thereby restoring integrity or providing enhanced integrity to the decorative skin to aid subsequent material processes such as sewing or foam backfilling.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a staged fuel injector that includes, inter alia, a main fuel circuit for delivering fuel to a main fuel atomizer and a pilot fuel circuit for delivering fuel to a pilot fuel atomizer which is located radially inward of the main fuel atomizer. The main fuel atomizer includes a radially outer prefilmer and a radially inner fuel swirler. Portions of the main fuel circuit are formed in the prefilmer and portions of the pilot fuel circuit are formed in the prefilmer and the fuel swirler and are positioned proximate to and in thermal contact with fuel exit ports associated with the main fuel circuit and formed in the prefilmer. As a result, the pilot fuel circuit cools the stagnant fuel located in main fuel circuit, including the exit ports, even when performing at engine power levels of up to 60% of the maximum take-off thrust.

Abstract: A spray discharge assembly is provided for use with an aerosol spray device comprising a pressurizable container holding a liquid to be discharged from the device by a propellant. The spray discharge assembly incorporates an approach channel having at least one inlet and an outlet, a flow conduit upstream of the approach channel in the direction of liquid discharge for supplying fluid to be discharged to the approach channel, at least one jetting orifice through which fluid from the conduit passes and issues as a jet into the approach channel through the inlet thereof, and a discharge orifice into which fluid from the approach channel passes via the outlet thereof to issue as a spray from the device. The outlet of the approach channel is surrounded by a sharp edge, and the jetting orifice is configured for directing the jet against the sharp edge.

Abstract: A feed aerosol comprising detectable particles is injected into a mix-enhancing swirler. Diluting gas is also injected into the mix-enhancing swirler and mixed with the feed aerosol in a swirling motion to form an aerosol with a particle concentration no greater than 1,000 particles per liter. The aerosol is then injected into a mixing chamber, where the aerosol is mixed and dried; the inner diameter of the mixing chamber is at least twice as great as that of the swirl chamber. The aerosol is then emitted through a flow straightener that removes swirl from the flow of the aerosol and passed through a delivery conduit, where the particles are detected and counted; and the particle count is compared with a target count. The respective flows of feed aerosol and diluting gas can then be increased or decreased based on a comparison of the particle count with the target count.

Abstract: A self-contained, hand-held spray dispensing device includes an internal source of pressurized fluid that exerts a motive force on a pair of liquid ejecting elements to cause each to eject a liquid into a discharge line. The liquids remain separated until each exits its discharge port. A pressurized fluid is directed over the outlet ends of the discharge line beginning before a flow interrupter in the discharge line is opened to permit flow therethrough and ceasing after liquid flow is terminated. The pressurized fluid flow over the outlet of the discharge line aerosolizes liquids emanating from the outlet ends. Each liquid ejecting element takes the form of a piston disposed within a cylinder. The pistons responds to pressurized fluid imposed directly thereon from the source to generate the motive force on the ejecting element.

Abstract: A polisher nozzle includes a body extending between a proximal portion for connection to a handpiece and a distal portion, the body having a first channel for delivering a polishing powder and a second channel for delivering a fluid. The distal portion includes a chamber disposed in the vicinity of the free end of said distal portion, with the first and second channels opening out into said chamber. The chamber includes two lateral openings each extending in a plane forming an angle with the vertical axial plane of the proximal portion.

Abstract: A spray assembly for dispensing a mixture is provided. The spray assembly includes a connector configured for operable engagement with a first and second source of component and a source of pressurized fluid, and a tip operably connected to the connector. The tip includes an opening and defines a mixing chamber between the connector and the opening of the tip, and an insert member configured to be received in the mixing chamber. The insert member includes a plurality of radially extending slots on at least one end of the insert. The plurality of radially extending slots is configured to mix the first and second components prior to the mixture exiting the opening in the tip.

Abstract: An injector includes a main nozzle body defining a central axis and having a main fuel circuit. A pilot nozzle body is mounted inboard of the main nozzle body. The pilot nozzle body includes a pilot air circuit on the central axis with fuel circuitry radially outboard of the pilot air circuit for delivering fuel to a fuel outlet in a downstream portion of the pilot nozzle body. The fuel circuitry includes a primary pilot fuel circuit configured and adapted to deliver fuel to the fuel outlet and a secondary pilot fuel circuit configured and adapted to deliver fuel to the same fuel outlet.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for generating and dispensing a mixture containing a pressurized gas and a fluid material. The apparatus includes a mixing device having a mixing chamber and a mixer inside the mixing chamber. A gas injection device, which is coupled with the mixing device, injects the pressurized gas into the fluid material in the mixing chamber. The mixer operates to combine the pressurized gas with the fluid material to form a mixture, which is subsequently dispensed from a dispenser coupled with the mixing device.

Abstract: A particulate sprayer includes a gas reservoir to hold a gas, a liquid reservoir to hold a product, and a low pressure section including an exit opening connected to the liquid reservoir. The product includes a liquid and solid particles. The low pressure section transports gas released from the gas reservoir over the exit opening. The product is drawn, pushed, or drawn and pushed from the exit opening into the transported gas to create a spray of the product to be sprayed from the particulate sprayer.

Abstract: Aerosols can be created by filament stretching and breaking of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids by applying a strain to and stretching the fluid. The fluid is stretched along a strain pathway and forms a fluid filament. The fluid filament is caused to break into droplets that can be harvested to form a mist or aerosol. Such a system for aerosol creation can include a pair of counter-rotating rollers that are positioned adjacent to each other that stretch the fluid or a pair of pistons that move toward and away from each other to stretch the fluid.

Abstract: A bead packet apparatus includes a plurality of beads that have been infused with fragrance. The bead packet further includes a fabric casing enclosing the plurality of beads. The plurality of beads may include ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) beads. The plurality of beads may be configured to release the fragrance over a period of time in the absence of heat above room temperature. The fragrance may be released in response to receiving an air flow between the plurality of beads.

Abstract: A fragrance dispensing apparatus includes a housing. The housing includes a platform configured to receive an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) bead packet. The EVA bead packet remains substantially unheated by the fragrance dispensing apparatus during operation of the fragrance dispensing apparatus. The fragrance dispensing apparatus further includes a lower module. The lower module includes a fan configured to selectively actuate airflow through the EVA bead packet.

Abstract: A water hydrant flushing device is disclosed. The device handles a flow of water from a water hydrant as it is being flushed, and allows the flushing to take place in a safer manner without destroying surrounding landscaping or other objects. The device comprises a chute that is open on both ends, and an opening on one end that is removably connected to a diffuser by means of a securing mechanism.

Abstract: A feed aerosol comprising detectable particles is injected into a mix-enhancing swirler. Diluting gas is also injected into the mix-enhancing swirler and mixed with the feed aerosol in a swirling motion to form an aerosol with a particle concentration no greater than 1,000 particles per liter. The aerosol is then injected into a mixing chamber, where the aerosol is mixed and dried; the inner diameter of the mixing chamber is at least twice as great as that of the swirl chamber. The aerosol is then emitted through a flow straightener that removes swirl from the flow of the aerosol and passed through a delivery conduit, where the particles are detected and counted; and the particle count is compared with a target count. The respective flows of feed aerosol and diluting gas can then be increased or decreased based on a comparison of the particle count with the target count.

Abstract: A method for atomizing a liquid (L) in a spraying nozzle (1), wherein a gaseous phase (G) and a liquid (L) are fed to a mixing chamber (30) inside a nozzle (1), obtaining an emulsion of the gas in the liquid, the emulsion being under pressure inside the chamber and formed by gas bubbles enveloped by the liquid in a film state. The speed of the gaseous phase at the inlet of the mixing chamber is around the speed of sound or greater. The atomized liquid is obtained by an expansion of the emulsion at the outlet of the chamber. A suitable nozzle (1) is also disclosed, comprising a mixing chamber (30) and a distribution device (D) adapted to provide appropriate gas and liquid feed to form an emulsion.