Abstract: An improved adjustable arc sprinkler head (2) includes a pop-up riser (20). Riser (20) comprises a housing (26) having a rotatable nozzle assembly (28) carried adjacent the top thereof. A driven gear (50) is fixed to nozzle assembly (28) and cooperates with a drive train contained inside a motor compartment (30) in riser housing (26). An adjustment member (58) is normally rotatably locked to driven gear (50) by matching serrations (69) and (70). Nozzle assembly (28) is moveable downwardly relative to riser housing (26) sufficiently far to disengage serrations (69) and (70) and allow driven gear (50) to be rotated relative to adjustment member (58). This rotation varies the circumferential distance between two stops (56) and (64) carried on driven gear (50) and adjustment member (58) to vary the angular extent of the arc segment being watered by sprinkler head (2).

Abstract: The presently invented three tier fountainhead comprises several assembly orientations of modified standard Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plumbing parts to form three separate pressure chambers, each of which feed a different tier of water spray. Larger sized standard caps are joined to form the low pressure chamber; one or more intermediate sized caps are employed to form an intermediate pressure chamber; and a length of smaller standard sized PVC pipe is used to form the high pressure chamber which passes centrally through the low and intermediate pressure chambers and is modified with appropriate orifices to feed the low and intermediate pressure chambers. The high pressure chamber is capped at the upper end with a standard PVC cap with appropriate outlet orifices to form the upper tier. The low and intermediate pressure chambers include outlet orifices to form the lower and middle tiers respectively.

Abstract: A sprinkler head apparatus has a sprinkler head body portion having a threaded base for attaching to a water line and a nozzle for directing water from the water line through the sprinkler head body portion. A plurality of fixed deflector elements are removably attached by a simple press fit to the sprinkler head body. Each deflector member is shaped to produce a predetermined deflected water pattern from the water exiting the nozzle. Each of the fixed deflector members has a deflector portion and an attaching portion for attaching the deflector members into the opening in the sprinkler head body. The fixed deflector members attaching portion includes a wedging portion thereon for locking the deflector member to the sprinkler head body with the force of water from the nozzle impinging against the deflector portion. This wedging action not only holds the deflector member into the sprinkler head body but holds it against loosening from the action of the water from the nozzle.

Abstract: A sprinkler assembly with an arc adjustment plate that controls the sprinkler's spray pattern. The arc adjustment plate includes a multiplicity of removable slots. The pattern of removed slots controls the sprinkler's spray pattern. The sprinkler's head has a multiplicity of channels, distributed in a circular pattern around the sprinkler head, for spraying water. The slots of the arc adjustment plate are positioned at the inlets of these sprinkler channels. Therefore the unremoved slots in the arc adjustment plate block water from flowing through the corresponding sprinkler channels.

Abstract: A reversible turbine driven sprinkler unit includes a sprinkler head incorporating a nozzle that is continuously driven by a reversible turbine which continuously oscillates the head between selectable reversing stops for covering a selected part of a circle. A water turbine which is driven by the water supply to the nozzle includes a reversible stator for alternating the direction of rotation of the turbine which is drivingly connected through a gear train to the sprinkler head. A reversing mechanism includes a shifting shaft extending axially from the turbine stator through the turbine, the drive train and the sprinkler head terminating in a cylindrical cavity formed in the top of the sprinkler head in which it is positioned, in an adjustable position, reversing stops for alternately engaging a reversing arm mounted on the shifting shaft for shifting the stator of the turbine to its selected alternate positions.

Abstract: A sprinkler body, to be anchored in the ground or to some structure, includes a chamber and a fluid inlet to the chamber. A rotatable head assembly mounted on the body includes a ring gear within the chamber and an external head with a laterally directed nozzle for directing a stream of fluid to cover a selected area around the sprinkler. A fluid operated motor within the body chamber, driven by the fluid passing through the sprinkler, drives the ring gear through reduction gearing. A Variable flow control valve consists of a slide mounted in the head for controlling the flow of fluid to the nozzle. A programmed cam is mounted on the body and a cam follower mounted on the valve slide follows the cam to vary the valve opening in relation to the rotational position of the head relative to the body. The valve controls the volume and throw of the fluid stream so that the sprinkler covers uniformly an area of irregular noncircular configuration.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for forming cracked ice by producing a layer of ice on the inner wall of a cylindrical chamber, heating the chamber to loosen the ice, forcing the ice cylinder upwardly past a breaker which is stationary and allowing the ice to accummulate in a hopper. A ring-shaped conveyor provided with circumferentially-spaced paddles is driven by means of a motor mounted on one side of the hopper to carry pieces of cracked ice toward an outlet in the hopper.

Abstract: A method of forming a spray nozzle along a fluid conduit includes forming a hole into a length of tubing and then providing a countersink for the hole. A portion of the tubing is then depressed inwardly along an imaginary line along the tubing outer surface that is parallel to the central tube axis and that passes over the hole. An apparatus for carrying out the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An adjustable orifice sprinkler unit includes a tubular body member with a rotatable cap mounted on one end thereof that cooperates with peripheral edges of the tubular body member for defining an adjustable arc spray orifice for adjusting a spray pattern from an angle of from about 0 degrees up to about 360 degrees with the cap adjustable axially of the tubular body member for selectively adjusting the height of the orifice opening.

Abstract: Improvements in an oscillating sprinkler having an improved discharge of fluid wherein the fluid being discharged enters two side by side curved chambers and is split into two separate streams. The spring controlling the oscillation of the sprinkler is centered on the impact arm of the sprinkler by a spring retainer and a boss on the arm itself so as to provide a smooth transition for the water and disperse it evenly with less operating pressure. The arm may have a removable reactor spoon portion so that the spoon portion can be quickly and easily replaced, if desired.

Abstract: A spray system is provided for distributing fluid over a selected area through a distribution header to spray units. A control unit uses a siphon loop to continuously cycle an internal water level between two elevations. A water level float provides an output for actuating a valve effective to vary fluid pressure in the distribution header and affect a sweeping of the spray produced by the spray units. The fill rate of the control unit may be varied to change the sweeping rate of the spray through the spray units.

Abstract: A rotary sprinkler comprising a base, a stem mounted on the base for rotation relative thereto, the stem having an inlet for receiving a pressurized water supply, a water discharge nozzle mounted on the stem and being rotatable together therewith relative to the base, water driven drive apparatus for rotating the stem relative to the base, selectably positionable deflector apparatus for engaging a stream of water emitted by the nozzle for determining the maximum radius of the stream, and cam apparatus for operating the deflector apparatus and including manually settable cam apparatus for selecting an overall size and pattern of sprinkler stream coverage, and second cam apparatus for determining the desired sprinkling pattern as a function of the azimuthal orientation of the nozzle.

Abstract: A rotary sprinkler of the impact type having a manually settable mechanism for both selecting and displaying an overall pattern configuration of sprinkler stream coverage. The manually settable mechanism comprises two concentric abutting surfaces, one being rotatable and the other being fixed relative to the sprinkler stem. The surfaces in combination indicate the pattern configuration. The rotatable surface includes a cam which engages a first or a second cam follower on a water stream deflector assembly to provide a first or a second patterned configuration of sprinkler stream coverage.

Abstract: A sprinkler comprising a water conduit which is connectable to a water feed line and supplies water to a nozzle, a rotatable body, revolving about a vertical axis being positioned above, and concentrically with the nozzle, a central bore being provided in the body and downwardly open curved slots extending from the central bore, seating apparatus for the rotatable body placing it in concentric position to the nozzle, and apparatus for changing the relative position of nozzle and rotating body to be eccentric.

Abstract: Irrigation apparatus comprising a vehicle to be moved between a pair of fixed positions spaced apart on the ground to be irrigated; a hose drum mounted for rotation on the vehicle; a hose wound on the drum and having an inlet end attachable to a fixed hydrant positioned between the two fixed positions and an outlet end connected to a water-discharging device mounted on or movable with the vehicle, the hose being unwound from the drum when the vehicle is moving away from the hydrant and rewound on the drum when the vehicle is moving towards the hydrant; a taut cable extending between the fixed positions and defining a straight path along which the vehicle is to move between the fixed positions and steering means mounted on the vehicle and responsive to deviation of the vehicle to either side of the cable and operable to restore the vehicle to said straight path defined by the cable.

Abstract: A center pivot irrigation machine having a swing arm for irrigating corner areas of a field. The swing arm has a steerable support tower which follows a buried cable to guide the swing arm into and out of the field corners. A double hinge connection between the main irrigation boom and the swing arm includes one hinge joint which accommodates pivoting of the swing arm and another hinge joint which controls the operation of the tower drive motors. A cam switch monitors the steering angle of the swing arm tower and turns the sprinklers of the swing tower on and off in accordance with the steering angle to achieve uniform water application. A secondary set of sprinklers on the main boom is deactivated and the entire machine is slowed when the steering angle indicates that the swing arm is covering a rapidly increasing area.

Abstract: A hose end pattern sprinkler has a sprinkler housing supported on a base with a hose end coupling for connecting a garden type hose to a water inlet of the housing, a pressure regulator having an inlet pressure balanced valve member which is adjustable externally of the housing for controlling the pressure of water flowing within the housing, a variable leaf spring stator for shaping water flow from the pressure regulator into a variable width stream in response to the water pressure, a water driven turbine including an impeller wheel having turbine vanes positioned to be impinged with water flowing past the variable leaf spring, a rotatable nozzle having an outer drive gear and triangular bottom nozzle inlets having apexes converging in a center bore, and an annular pattern plate of ring configuration having an internal gear, the plate being operable externally of the housing for moving the plate beneath the associated nozzle inlets with the pattern plate having a plurality of different configured pattern or

Abstract: A land irrigation system having an elongated support boom including a water distribution pipe supported above and moved laterally over the area to be irrigated, and a plurality of elongated conduits are supported for movement with and are connected to the water distribution pipe in generally parallel, equally spaced relation to one another and generally transverse to the water distribution pipe. A plurality of sprinkler heads are connected to each elongated conduit in spaced relation to one another with the spray heads on the plurality of elongated conduits cooperating to apply a water spray to a strip of land extending along the water distribution pipe and having a width greater than the length of the elongated conduits.

Abstract: A variable lift sprinkler unit includes a support member for attachment to a stationary water supply line with a first rotatable member mounted on the support member for rotation about a generally vertical axis and a second rotatable member rotatably mounted on the first rotatable member for rotation about an axis at an angle to the first member with the sprinkler nozzle carried by the second member such that the angle of the nozzle relative to the horizon continues to change during rotation of the unit with means for rotating the second rotatable member with respect to the first rotatable member during rotation thereof relative to the support member.

Abstract: An improved sprinkler of the type adapted to rotate and create a redefined horizontal spray pattern around it. A rotating turbine drives a cylindrical nozzle assembly having a plurality of nozzle openings therein. The nozzle openings deliver streams of water of variable length and volume. A pattern defining disk is used to continuously and proportionately expose the nozzle openings to the source of pressurized water according to a preset function of the instantaneous rotational position of the nozzle opening as the cylindrical member turns to create the spray pattern. The nozzle openings supply a relatively constant volume of water to all portions of the pattern.

Abstract: A discrete device attachable to a rotary sprinkler head for varying the water pressure therein to constrain the water distribution to produce a desired irrigation pattern. The sprinkler head attachment-device includes a housing having an intermediate wall partitioning the housing into upper and lower water chambers with an orifice therebetween. A spindle having a cam rotatable with the sprinkler head is mounted within the upper chamber. A cam follower is pivoted into engagement with the cam by means of hydraulic pressure. A valve key portion of the cam follower constricts the flow of water through the orifice in a variable manner controlled by the shape of the cam whereby the desired spray pattern is achieved.

Abstract: An improved center pivot irrigation system is disclosed which uses a water driven turbine and a chain drive apparatus to propel the system. Mechanical devices are used for sensing the alignment of the pipeline and actuating the turbine. A cam and cable arrangement is used to actuate an end gun. Safety stop and automatic shut off devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: In a self-propelled irrigation system, a wheeled support assembly is specifically adaptable for use in controlling the movement of an articulated or corner boom with respect to the rest of the system, the wheeled support assembly being characterized in that the wheels are self-aligning along a desired path of travel in accordance with the angular relationship between the corner boom and rest of the irrigation system. The invention has particular application to center pivot types of irrigation systems for the purpose of uniformly irrigating the corner areas of a generally rectangular field outside of the circular path of travel of the irrigation system.

Abstract: A water sprinkler includes a turbine drive assembly responsive to water under pressure supplied to the sprinkler for moving a spray head through a prescribed rotational path. The turbine drive assembly drives an incremental motion mechanism coupled to the spray head for rotating the spray head between a plurality of angularly spaced stationary positions, and for maintaining the spray head in each stationary position for a time period sufficient to achieve maximum trajected range of water from the spray head. A reversing assembly can be provided for repeatedly reversing the direction of spray head rotation within a prescribed arcuate path, and the reversing assembly includes means for varying the angular locations of the stationary positions of the spray head upon successive reversals of spray head movement.

Abstract: In a center pivot irrigation system, an apparatus for controlling the spray pattern delivered by an end gun having at least one adjustable stop by varying end gun travel along an end gun delivery path. A sensing means detects changes in wind condition and produces a signal corresponding thereto. The signal thus produced operates an end gun controlling means which is adapted to adjust the end gun stop and vary the path of end gun travel. By this means, end gun spray pattern is maintained as a function of current wind condition.

Abstract: A liquid spray nozzle has an outer orificed plate portion with a generally elliptical orifice which tapers in the direction of the water stream and an inner orificed member which has a larger centrally located circular orifice and a pair of smaller circular orifices arranged symmetrically on either side of the central orifice. A centrally located tubular channel member is provided to carry the water stream from a hose or the like such that it passes through the inner and outer orificed members. Means are provided for rotating the orificed members relative to each other. In a first position where the smaller orifices of the inner plate are positioned opposite the corners of the elliptical orifice of the outer plate, a flat, fan-shaped spray is produced. When one of the orificed members is rotated to a position 90.degree. from this first-mentioned position whereat the smaller inner circular orifices are covered by the outer orificed plate, a high-force, narrow cylindrical water stream is provided.

Abstract: A swivelling fan-jet sprinkler which is convertible from a coarse sprinkling mode in which it covers a relatively large irrigation area to a gentler spraying mode in which it covers a smaller area, the conversion being achieved by means of a removable spinner cage which surrounds the nozzle cylinder of the sprinkler. The spinner cage has a captive snap ring cooperating with a groove in the nozzle cylinder to produce a detent action for attachment and removal of the spinner cage. The latter is driven by the water jets which are disturbed in the process.

Abstract: An improved center pivot irrigation system is disclosed which uses a water driven turbine and a chain drive apparatus to propel the system. A mechanical linkage senses the alignment of the pipeline and actuates the turbine. A cam and cable arrangement is used to actuate an end gun. Safety stop and automatic shut off devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile irrigation bar comprising a first connector means for supplying the bar, which is disposed at a first end of this bar, a second connector means which is disposed at the second end, and first and second main means for supporting the bar, disposed at the second and first ends and oriented so as to follow initial paths perpendicular to the bar, wherein the bar comprises first and second auxiliary means for supporting it on the ground, which are disposed near the second and first ends and which, in active configuration, are oriented to follow paths perpendicular to those of the main means, and a device for selecting the functioning of one pair of the support means from the following two pairs: first main means and second auxiliary means; second main means and first auxiliary means. One application of the invention is the irrigation of a strip of land of substantially constant width.

Abstract: A pop-up sprinkler assembly of the type including an internally driven rotary sprinkler head having a multiplicity of annularly spaced flow passages through which the flow of water is controlled by a fixed pattern plate. The assembly is provided with a manually operable pattern plate mounting member for adjusting the fixed cooperating relationship of the pattern plate with the rotary sprinkler head so that the orientation of the ground pattern area within which the water streams fall can be easily determined.

Abstract: A pop-up sprinkler has a sprinkler housing containing a pop-up spray nozzle assembly springably biased to a retracted position. Upon supply of water under pressure to the housing, the assembly pops up to an elevated position to provide an irrigating water spray in a selected direction. A clamping collar prevents rotation of the elevated spray nozzle assembly with respect to the housing.

Abstract: A turret type sprinkler comprising a base having inlet hose fitting for connection with a hose communicating with a source of water under pressure and a turret assembly mounted on the base for indexed rotational movement about a generally vertical axis. The turret assembly includes upper and lower cooperating annular members fixedly secured in cooperating relation providing a plurality of spray head structures spaced annularly about the axis of indexed rotation thereof. Each of the spray head structures includes a water inlet extending upwardly from a downwardly facing annular surface on the lower annular member in a position to be communicated with a water outlet on the base in one operative position of indexed rotation.

Abstract: A corner boom which includes a secondary water conduit is pivotally connected to the end of a center pivot boom which includes a primary water conduit and comprises a series of sections which pivot relative to one another about a center pivot point. The corner boom is supported by a wheeled tower which moves along a predefined path. A first encoder is positioned on the end of the center pivot boom to determine the angular separation between the corner boom and the end section of the center pivot boom. Other encoders are positioned, respectively, on a wheel of the support towers of both the end section and the next adjacent section of the center pivot boom to determine the angle between a reference line and a straight line connecting the center pivot point and the end of the center pivot boom.

Abstract: An improved fluid supply head for high speed rotary atomizers in which high velocity low volume air is introduced directly into the spindle shaft and sealing recesses of the head downstream of bearings supporting the shaft and exhausted along the spindle shaft and along the inner periphery of the atomizing disc. This high velocity low volume air, as it emerges at the disc, creates a venturi-like action that draws the spraying fluid towards the center of the disc axis to form an improved doughnut-shaped spray pattern. This high velocity low volume air also fluid seals the bearings.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a center pivot irrigation system capable of operation under high or low water pressure and a constant volume sprinkler head therefor, which together provide uniform water distribution over an agricultural field notwithstanding the presence of hills and valleys in the field, pressure fluctuations of the water source, friction losses or the direction or magnitude of the wind. The system employs a plurality of sprinkler heads each of which provides a constant volume of water to the annular area over which it travels. Because the annular areas increase in size and total water requirements with increasing distance from the center pivot, the water delivering capacity of each sprinkler head is chosen as a direct function of its radial distance from the center pivot, thus insuring the same water distribution to all points on the field. Each sprinkler head is designed to produce a spray pattern that extends laterally outward with a predetermined directional orientation.

Abstract: A valve apparatus and method for controlling flow of water to an end gun of a pivot irrigation apparatus. An actuator mechanism for the valve apparatus includes a horizontally mounted, downwardly extended contact bar interconnected by a mechanical linkage to the valve. Contact posts are selectively positioned at preselected intervals along the path of travel of the pivot irrigation apparatus at locations where they will be engaged by the contact bar to rotate the same. The rotational movement of the contact bar is translated by the mechanical linkage into a corresponding rotation of the valve.

Abstract: A fire-protection sprinkler head with a deflector having a spray confining surface that includes a deformed area with relatively greater inclination than surrounding undeformed areas so as to selectively lift the flow entering the deformed area and thereby raise its trajectory relative to the flow passing underneath the undeformed areas.

Abstract: A horizontal-sidewall, fire-protection sprinkler head including a spray deflector with a downwardly-extending slot that is substantially narrower in width at a first, outer location than at a second, inner location, wherein the slot has the effect of raising the trajectory of fluid passing through it.

Abstract: A vertical-axis water sprinkler with a reversibly rotating spray head has an internal control shell rotating with the spray head in a fixed housing. Adjustably fixed in the housing are a plurality of pattern defining plates. A pattern sampling disk with a specially contoured aperture therein is carried on a control shell within the housing and communicates from a water inlet in the housing to the spray head. The aperture sweeps across the face and edge of each of the pattern defining plates as the control shell rotates in the housing. The positions of the pattern defining plates control or limit the volume of water flow to the spray head, thereby generating a ground coverage pattern conforming to the relative positions of the plates.The speed of rotation of the spray head is made constant despite changes in the output flow rate by design selection of a friction bearing and of the surface areas of the control shell exposed to pressure forces in upward and downward directions.

Abstract: A sprinkler for irrigating a square or other polygonally-shaped land area with the sprinkler including a unique structure which will accurately distribute an equal quantity of water on each increment of land area being irrigated. The sprinkler includes a rotatable nozzle in which the speed of the nozzle is varied by a gear drive mechanism which receives its power from a water powered turbine device. The rotational speed of the nozzle is slower when irrigating corner area of the land area being irrigated and faster when irrigating intermediate straight-sided portions of the land area with the nozzle including a diffuser which becomes operative to reduce the length of trajectory of the water being discharged when the sprinkler is irrigating the intermediate straight-sided portions of the land area being irrigated.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a field crop with liquid chemical for use with a water irrigation system of the type including a plurality of longitudinally spaced towers, and a mechanism for intermittently moving each of the towers to move the system through the field. The apparatus comprises a first assembly for applying liquid chemical to the field crop canopy and/or ground in a first pattern arranged to extend from one of the towers a majority of the distance toward an adjacent tower in amounts which diminish in a direction away from the one tower, a solenoid valve for communicating liquid chemical under pressure with the first pattern applying assembly only when the one tower is in motion.

Abstract: A water distribution system for spraying a plurality of fine streams of water in a relatively uniform manner onto an ice forming surface. A hollow spraying tube is rotationally and coaxially disposed in a shielding tube of larger diameter. The shielding tube has an elongate slot extending substantially the axial length of the spraying tube such that streams of water are sprayed through those orifices in the spraying tube not shielded by the shielding tube and through the elongate slot. The width of the slot determines the angular arc of spray from the system. The shielding tube is adjustably secured to one side of a turbine housing to adjust the spray direction. A turbine blade assembly is rotationally disposed within the turbine housing and is operatively connected to the spraying tube. Pressurized fluid through an inlet of the turbine housing rotationally drives the blade assembly and the spraying tube and the water is discharged in an unpressurized condition through an outlet of the turbine housing.

Abstract: A water sprinkler develops any of several predetermined patterns of water coverage of regular or irregular shape and of varying sizes. The sprinkler includes first a plurality of pattern-defining apertures which are contoured to pass varying but predetermined amounts of water from a fixed sampling aperture as a sprinkler nozzle rotates in either or both angular directions about a vertical axis.Pattern size is incrementally adjustable in one embodiment by a member having tapered apertures of varying sizes interposed between the fixed sampling aperture and the pattern-defining apertures. Pattern size and shape are finely adjusted by a parallel flow line including a valve for providing small additional or slightly reduced flow volumes. Rounded patterns are effected entirely through the parallel flow line.

Abstract: A lawn sprinkler system has a plurality of sprinkler heads connected to a common water supply line. The sprinkling or irrigation, the rate of rotation and the contour of the area sprinkled all are controlled at each sprinkler head. A timer valve associated with a manually adjustable control setting regulates the sprinkling cycle at each head in response to rotation of the head, following which water is bypassed to the next sprinkler head in succession. Further, each sprinkler head contains a rotatable nozzle assembly which is adjustable to provide a spray pattern which will conform to different contours or areas to be sprinkled by each head independently of the other heads in the line in such a way as to afford the greatest possible water efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mobile apparatus for watering cultivated surfaces, which comprises a self-propelled carriage carrying a watering rotor composed of tubular arms which carry watering hose nozzles and which are mounted on a hollow pivot connected to a water inlet itself connected to a hydrant by a flexible hose pipe. The carriage carries a hydraulic turbine driven by the water for watering and transmission members which drive the pivot in rotation independently of the reaction of the jets of water.

Abstract: A part-circle sprinkler having a sprinkler head incorporating a nozzle continually oscillates between two positions. The sprinkler head is connected to a transmission driven by an impeller The impeller is driven by a reversible stator which can direct a plurality of channelized streams of water against either side of the blades of the impeller and thereby cause the impeller, sprinkler head and nozzle to rotate in a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction. The reversing stator is controlled by a resilient switching arm operated by adjustable fingers on the exterior of the sprinkler head, which set its limits of rotation. As each limit of rotation is reached, one finger exerts a torque on the switching arm. The torque causes the arm to twist until it exerts sufficient force on the reversing stator to overcome the force of the water on the stator vanes and thus reverse the direction of the stator. The sprinkler head then rotates in the opposite direction, which brings the other finger toward the switching arm.

Abstract: An adapter to be fitted over the orifice of a nozzle the configuration of whose output it is desired to modify has a central bore aligned with the orifice of the nozzle. A shallow recess is provided in the output end of the adapter surrounding the orifice of its bore. The perimeter of the recess has the shape to be imparted to the nozzle output.

Abstract: A center pivot irrigation system having an elongated concuit assembly with an inner end pivotally connected to a water source at a center pivot and having a plurality of discharge nozzles at spaced intervals along its length has one or more short range and a long range end gun mounted near the outer end of the conduit for irrigating the corner areas of a rectangular or square field. The long range end gun is adjusted to have a spray pattern which extends inwardly to provide water to that area normally irrigated by the sprinklers along the outer section of conduit in addition to an area extending beyond the outer edge of the arc farther than that covered by the short range guns. By turning off sprinklers along a section of conduit, water is diverted to help provide a sufficient pressure and flow rate as is necessary for efficient operation of the long range end gun.

Abstract: A lawn sprinkler having a perforated spray hose that is selectively flexed into a desired curvature and secured fixedly in the desired curvature in order to produce a variable water spray pattern, the device including, in one design, an adjustable jack mounted on rotatable adapters at the hose ends.

Abstract: Self-propelled irrigation apparatus for watering non-circular areas includes a main arm assembly pivoted at one end and supported at intervals by self-propelled support towers. An extension arm assembly is mounted on self-propelled support towers and has one end pivotally connected to the free end of the main arm assembly for irrigating portions of the field outside the circular area traversed by the main arm. Electrical control means are provided to rotate the extension arm assembly relative to the main arm assembly as the latter rotates.