Abstract: Bulky waste materials may be effectively reduced to a desirable recycling particle size by a waste recycling device equipped with a preshredding chamber and a shredding chamber. Rotors equipped with differently shaped and configured impacting heads or blades strategically positioned about the rotors within the two chambers serve to break the waste materials into progressively smaller sized particles. The preshredding rotor is typically operated at a lower rotational speed than the shredding rotor. The shredding rotor may be equipped with shredding blades which protectively retract from a working zone when exposed to excessive shearing forces. Relatively rigid waste materials such as wooden pallets may be effectively and continuously reduced in massive quantities to a recyclable size with the waste recycling device.

Abstract: A process for impact crushing of rock and ore lumps, in which a rock lump is subjected to a primary impact force P.sub.1, and then the plurality of resultant smaller pieces are subjected to a secondary impact force P.sub.2. The application of the impact forces P.sub.1 and P.sub.2 is synchronized in time. The velocity vector V.sub.1 of the lump subjected to the primary impact force P.sub.1 and the vector of the secondary impact force P.sub.2 lie on a line running through the center of the lump mass. The invention also covers an apparatus for performing the above process, which comprises a housing accommodating a primary crushing rotor and a secondary crushing rotor, and also means for synchronizing the rotation of the secondary crushing rotor and the primary crushing rotor, coupled kinematically to said rotors. The secondary crushing rotor has two hammers, and its mass increases along the longitudinal axis of symmetry in a direction away from the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A fiber fluff generator includes a housing having three substantially cylindrical portions, each of which mounts and contains a rotor having a rotor shaft and a plurality of rotor pins extending radially therefrom. The rotor pins are arranged in rows spaced incrementally along the length of the shaft with gaps therebetween, each row including plural rotor pins arranged in spoke-like fashion. The rotor shafts preferably are mounted parallel to one another and lie in a common vertical plane. The rotor pins on one rotor shaft are axially offset from and overlap with the rotor pins on the adjacent rotor shaft(s) so that the rotor pins collectively are interleaved to provide a cross-combing effect. Stator pins fastened to the housing extend radially inwardly into the gaps between the rows of rotor pins to provide further cross-combing interaction.

Abstract: The invention is a center fed hammer mill having a base plate, one or more intermediate plates having a central opening or hole, the intermediate plates being held together in fixed relative position by pins running through the outer edge of the intermediate plates, one or more hammers attached to the pins and a top plate having a central hole which is coextensive with the central hole of the intermediate plates, as well as a tube affixed to the top plate. The invention also comprises a method of using a center fed hammer mill.

Abstract: A mill (10) according to the preferred teachings for grinding garbage is disclosed including an octagonal shaped grinding chamber (26) formed by side plates (14-17) interconnected to have a square cross section with its corners closed by corner plates (20-23). Planar shelves (32, 34, 36) having centrally located apertures (38) divide the grinding chamber (26). Grinding rotors (48-50) are rotatably fixed to a rotatable shaft (44) and are located complementary to, parallel, and above the shelves (32, 34, 36). The grinding rotors (48-50) include planar arms (64) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44). An impeller rotor (51) is also rotatably fixed to the shaft (44) below the grinding rotors (48-50) and includes angle iron arms (76) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44).

Abstract: This invention relates to a gyroscopic centrifuge and mill apparatus having 1) a main mill housing assembly; 2) a material impact means mounted within the main mill housing assembly; and 3) a material conveyor means operable to a) convey raw waste/trash material thereto; b) convey heavy infraction materials initially processed outwardly from the main mill housing assembly; and c) convey the finally processed waste/trash material laterally of the main mill housing assembly. The material impact means is provided with a plurality of spaced adjustable impact blade assemblies mounted on a main upright driven shaft member and being associated with respective separator shelf assemblies in separate waste treatment zones.

Abstract: A hammer mill apparatus to shred and chip boards fed therethrough comprising a shredding rotor assembly rotatably disposed within a debris chamber formed within a rotor housing including an entry portion and an exit portion formed therein, the shredding rotor assembly includes at least one rotor disc assembly having a plurality of hammer elements pivotally coupled to the periphery thereof being operatively connected to a rotor drive assembly including a drive motor and a rotatable rotor drive shaft to rotate the rotor disc assembly exerting centrifugal force on the plurality of hammer elements such that a line coincident with the longitudinal axis of each hammer element extends through the rotatable rotor drive shaft whereby the outer end of the hammer elements engage boards in the entry portion to shred and chip such boards entering the debris chamber and discharges the reduced material from the exit portion.

Abstract: A multipurpose reducer vacuum for vacuuming leaf, garden and lawn debris which uses circular grate bars and free swinging hammers to comminute the debris. The reducer vacuum mounts to the rear bumper of a pickup truck. An adjustable discharge chute is used to direct the comminuted debris into the bed of the pickup truck. A wood chipper is provided on the back side of the apparatus for chipping small limb and branches. An alternate configuration adds an intake hopper which uses a baffle plate in cooperation with cutting bars to pull small limbs, branches and saplings into the reducer vacuum. Feed rates up to one foot per second can be achieved.

Abstract: A mill (10) according to the preferred teachings for grinding garbage is disclosed including an octagonal shaped grinding chamber (26) formed by side plates (14-17) interconnected to have a square cross section with its corners closed by corner plates (20-23). Planar shelves (32, 34, 36) having centrally located apertures (38) divide the grinding chamber (26). Grinding rotors (48-50) are rotatably fixed to a rotatable shaft (44) and are located complementary to, parallel, and above the shelves (32, 34, 36). The grinding rotors (48-50) include planar arms (64) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44). An impeller rotor (51) is also rotatably fixed to the shaft (44) below the grinding rotors (48-50) and includes angle iron arms (76) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44).

Abstract: Infectious medical waste is rendered non-infectious by an apparatus that includes a hopper into which the infectious waste is charged, a pair of grinders or other destruction devices that reduce the waste materials to small particles, a first heating station where harmful life forms are destroyed and a cooling station where the ground and heated materials are cooled to a level safe for handling by conventional trash removal personnel. Sharps containers are cut apart by an externally mounted sharps container cutter that cuts the containers apart before they reach the grinders.

Abstract: Milling apparatus for reducing the size of grain kernels or particles by impact with a solid surface as the grain is moved through the apparatus by an air stream created by rotation of a rotor within a stationary casing having an inlet opening at or near the center and an outlet opening at the outer periphery. The rotor comprises a circular disk having a series of elements affixed to a surface thereof in a circular configuration spaced outwardly from the center of the rotor. The elements comprise sections of hollow steel tubing of rectangular cross section or toothed blades so arranged that grain traveling radially outwardly from the inlet to the outlet opening of the casing impact with the elements with a force sufficient to break the grain. The particles may be passed through additional rotor stages, and the particle size or texture of the final product may be controlled by the speed of rotor rotation and the number of rotor stages through which the grain is passed.

Abstract: A mill (10) according to the preferred teachings for grinding garbage is disclosed including an octagonal shaped grinding chamber (26) formed by side plates (14-17) interconnected to have a square cross section with its corners closed by corner plates (20-23). Planar shelves (32, 34, 36) having centrally located apertures (38) divide the grinding chamber (26). Grinding rotors (48-50) are rotatably fixed to a rotatable shaft (44) and are located complementary to, parallel, and above the shelves (32, 34, 36). The grinding rotors (48-50) include planar arms (64) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44). An impeller rotor (51) is also rotatably fixed to the shaft (44) below the grinding rotors (48-50) and includes angle iron arms (76) which radially extend from and are circumferentially spaced on a planar disc (54) fixed to the shaft (44).

Abstract: A multipurpose reducer vacuum for vacuuming leaf, garden and lawn debris which uses circular grate bars and free swinging hammers to comminute the debris. The reducer vacuum mounts to the rear bumper of a pickup truck. An adjustable discharge chute is used to direct the comminuted debris into the bed of the pickup truck. A wood chipper is provided on the back side of the apparatus for chipping small limb and branches. An alternate configuration adds an intake hopper which uses a baffle plate in cooperation with cutting bars to pull small limbs, branches and saplings into the reducer vacuum. Feed rates up to one foot per second can be achieved.

Abstract: A comminuter for metal turnings has a rotor rotatable on a support about a fixed axis and carrying at least one outer rotor element and at least one inner rotor element which define a cylindrical orbit on rotation of the rotor. A housing surrounds this rotor and is formed by a U-shaped upwardly open portion of non-tapering cross-sectional shape and a flat cover part engageable over the open upper side and openable in order to clear a jam in the machine. Stator elements carried on this housing are spaced slightly from the rotor element so that as the rotor turns turnings fed to the machine will be comminuted and passed from an inlet to an outlet end.

Abstract: A materials processing unit incorporating three stage processing. The material to be processed is passed through a breaker unit (19) which breaks the material down to a consistent size for processing by a pulverizer unit (20) which further breaks down the material before it is transferred to a container (13) for compacting by ram (27) and blade (28). The material may be transferred to the container (13) by auger screws (25, 26) or a vacuum system comprising a fan (34) for reducing the pressure within the container (13) and causing the material to be sucked through duct (40) into the container (13). The unit may be mounted on a wheeled vehicle (12) and used to process a variety of materials from garbage to fruit.

Abstract: There is described a method for direct fuel firing, particularly for plants such as hot water generators, etc., operating with a burner, a combustion chamber and a high-temperature exchanger, which comprises using a moist solid fuel, crushing said fuel upstream of said combustion chamber, and feeding directly therein, without lowering the water content thereof, the crushed fuel in the presence of a primary combustive fluid, and an equipment for the working of said method.

Abstract: A screening and sizing apparatus for handling clusters or clumps of particulate material in which a roller table is provided with a series of equally spaced anvils or lugs for moving clusters of particulates across the rolls of the roller table and for breaking large lumps or clusters of material by forcing them against adjacent rolls or lugs. An alternative embodiment includes a tramp door through which large particles are passed to a separate bin or receptacle. Another alternative embodiment includes a cooperating, eccentrically mounted cluster breaker above the roller table.

Abstract: A solid fuel pulverizer especially useful in a system for pulverizing and burning solid fuel, such as coal or other fossil fuel, that is characterized by a possible turndown ratio of up to at least fifteen to one. The pulverizer is capable of both impact and autogenous pulverizing of the fuel so that about 80% will be no more than 40 microns in size and includes a series of impellers mounted for rotation on a preferably vertical shaft in a housing whose top wall has openings for the admission of air and a solid fuel to be pulverized. The fuel is pulverized by impact against the side walls of the housing and descends perpherially of the impellers to discharge adjacent to the bottom of the housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for releasing cut tobacco from cigarettes are disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing dispersing fans at its periphery in a radial manner within a releasing barrel, scattering the cigarettes by the dispersing fans, circulating the scattered cigarettes along several releasing plates adjacently arranged to form a circle around the outer periphery of the dispersing disc, and releasing part of cut tobacco from the cigarettes by colliding it against knobs which are arranged at the inner peripheral surface of each of the releasing plates during circulation. Such rotary dispersing discs as mentioned above are formed in several steps in the vertical direction within the releasing barrel. The partly released cigarettes are dropped on to the lower step of the rotary dispersing disc through openings defined between adjacent releasing plates.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dehydrating a metal hydroxide sludge, including depositing the concentrated metal hydroxide sludge containing approximately 60-80% water into a feed hopper, breaking up the concentrated sludge with rotary beaters and preferably a rotary breaker bar, then transferring the broken sludge through a feed auger to an elongated dehydrater chamber in which the sludge is conveyed longitudinally along the dehydrater chamber by a dryer auger continuously in contact with a longitudinally flowing hot gas. The moisture-laden hot gas is exhausted from the outlet end of the dehydrater chamber while the dryed sludge is deposited through a discharge port.

Abstract: Apparatus for grinding materials, particularly sticky materials of organic and inorganic origin. The apparatus has a cylindrical casing in which, along its axis, a rotor in the shape of a disc mounted, the disc being driven by a prime mover. The disc has evenly distributed along its circumference on both of its sides. One of the openings in the casing is closed by a fixed front cover having a receiving neck, disposed along its axis and counter-pins designed on the inside of the casing and evenly distributed along a circumference. A ground material discharge opening is disposed between the disc and a back cover for the casing. The rotor is enveloped by a bushing firmly fixed to the casing and longitudinal races are disposed on the side of the rotor, and on the external side circumference cooling closed races are located.

Abstract: The fiber depither consists of an upper array of feeder blades and a lower array of fan blades. These blades remove more particulate while resulting in less fiber damage.

Abstract: A beater mill has at least one vertically or obliquely extending cylindrical milling chamber and a rotor rotatably supported in the chamber. The axis of the rotor extends parallel to the axis of the chamber. A number of protruding beaters are supported pivotably on the rotor and an inlet opening is arranged above the rotor for the supply of goods to be milled. An outlet opening is arranged below the rotor for discharge of milled goods. The cylindrical chamber wall is impermeable, optionally air-impermeable, to goods to be milled and having been milled.

Abstract: A machine of modular construction having a framework onto which a plurality of removable stators is mounted. The stators are fixed relative to rotors which fit within openings in the stators. The rotors are keyed to a central axial shaft which provides rotary power so that the rotors can rotate within the fixed stators. Each rotor has a number of radially extending blades having a forward edge carrying a knife, while the stator has similar radially extending blades and knives confronting the rotor's knives in a material shearing relationship. A modular stator is jointed for disassembly allowing access to both rotor and stator knives while the apparatus is still mounted on the framework.

Abstract: A device for breaking coal and for separating predetermined size coal particles and impurities therefrom. A supply of coal containing rock, shale and other impurities is dumped in a hopper through a top opening. A zigzag-shaped passageway extends from the top to the bottom of the hopper and has a single double action accelerator rotor or a pair of accelerator rotors mounted therein. The rotors increase the speed of the deposited materials that are moving by gravity through the passageway by striking the material and propelling it in the same direction that it was moving prior to being struck. The coal is split upon impact against splitting grates. Chutes located beneath the splitting grates receive the coal particles which pass through sized openings formed in the grates and deposit it in a collection area. The rotors each include a shaft with a plurality of radially outwardly extending blades.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a new and improved animal bedding comprising newsprint subdivided into a range of particle sizes. The bedding provides the necessary liquid absorbence and resistance to compaction without excessive dust. The invention is directed also to the process and hammermill apparatus for preparing said bedding.

Abstract: A multi-purpose heavy duty centrifugal mill including a vertically disposed housing to which various frangible materials are fed tangentially to a pre-grinder located in the bore of the housing with the pre-grinder adapted to grind the materials to a predetermined size and direct them to comminution devices for further gradation sizing. The housing is open at the top to freely admit air for aeration of putricidable materials and through which a liquid carrier medium may be introduced.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a new and improved animal bedding comprising newsprint subdivided into a range of particle sizes. The bedding provides the necessary liquid absorbence and resistance to compaction without excessive dust. The invention is directed also to the process and hammermill apparatus for preparing said bedding.

Abstract: A classifier mill having first and second series of beaters (1, 2) on respective sides (3, 4) of the periphery (5) of a rotary pulverizer disc (6) within a chamber (7), an independently rotary classifier (8) coaxial therewith and radially inwards of the second series of beaters (2), an entry (9) for material into the chamber (7) at a position intermediate the pulverizer axis and the first series of beaters (1), and an exit (10) for fines coaxial with the classifier (8) and remote from the pulverizer (6), is further provided within the chamber (7) with an annular wall (18) extending radially outwards from clear of the periphery (19) of the classifier (8) to beyond the periphery (5) of the second series of beaters (2), and with a cylindrical wall (20) extending from the annular wall (18) past the peripheries of both series of beaters (1, 2), the cylindrical wall (20) being provided with a series of circumferentially spaced openings (21) disposed radially outwards with respect to only the first series of beaters

Abstract: A granulator or grinding mill comprising a pair of power driven drums mounted at the bottom of a housing. The first drum is provided on its periphery with a plurality of fingers or pins projecting through slots in an inclined plate hingedly secured to a side of the housing. The fingers or pins break various pieces of articles, such as unfired pottery and ceramic, dumped in the housing on top of the plate, the pieces falling to a lower level being those small enough to pass between consecutive fingers and a crushing plate mounted on the side of the housing. The pieces falling to a lower level are further broken and pulverized by a power driven cylinder provided on its surface with longitudinal bars. The bottom of the housing has an aperture masked by a removable screen of a predetermined mesh, such that only particles capable of passing through the screen and falling in a receptacle are reused, for example for making a slurry for manufacturing ceramic or pottery.

Abstract: Scrap of thermosetting plastics is reclaimed and recycled by an integrally combined apparatus which includes a device for pulverizing and atomizing the scrap, and a device for blending fine powder of the scrap with virgin material of thermosetting plastic. The device for blending includes a feed screw of constant revolution speed for conveying the fine powder of scrap and a variable speed feed screw for conveying virgin material in order to obtain high blending performance.

Abstract: Upper and lower rotors are offset in position, such as at an angle of 60.degree., between their centerlines, with the upper rotor having larger hammers and rotated at a lower speed than the lower rotor having smaller but a larger number of hammers. The feed is to the top of the upper rotor, and heavy interception bars extend perpendicularly to the centerline between the rotors and are disposed between the sets of hammers of the lower rotor, to prevent the entry of large objects into the lower rotor, to form an anvil against which objects on the bars are impacted by both the upper and lower hammers, with the lower hammers also "nibbling away" on the objects. A U-shaped corner formed of heavy armor plate is positioned next to the interception bars and extends between the circles of rotation of the hammer ends.

Abstract: Organic materials are fed tangentially into the head of a centrifugal mill by an adjustable rate feeding device. The materials, either in a dry state or in conjunction with a separately supplied liquid carrier, move downwardly through a compacter device which positively feeds the materials through a series of comminution devices which are arranged in an inverted conical housing and are of decreasingly smaller sizes, with the comminution means shredding the materials. The top of the mill is open to freely admit air which is admixed by the communition devices with the materials to satisfy the biochemical oxygen demand so that the output product of the mill is odor free and finely shredded.

Abstract: A system including an evacuator apparatus, an especially configured centrifugal mill, and a self cleaning screen is employed for treatment of aqueous sewage. The system expedites satisfaction of the biochemical oxygen demand and separates the solids from the sewage so that the treated water is suitable for uses such as irrigation, equipment cooling and the like, and the separated solids are suitable for use in fertilizers.

Abstract: A comminuter for metal turnings and the like has a rotor rotatable on a support about a fixed axis and carrying at least one outer rotor element and at least one inner rotor element which define a cylindrical orbit on rotation of the rotor. A housing surrounds this rotor and is formed by a U-shaped upwardly open portion of non-tapering cross-sectional shape and a flat cover part engageable over the open upper side and openable in order to clear a jam in the machine. Stator elements carried on this housing are spaced slightly from the rotor element so that as the rotor turns turnings and the like fed to the machine will be comminuted and passed from an inlet to an outlet end.

Abstract: Vertical impact mill for production of very fine powders from larger nut-size pieces of coal, the mill including a series of horizontal impact wheels formed of wheel halves which connected together form an integral shaft-wheel system, the diameter of the impact wheels increasing from top to bottom of the mill, with an inlet at the top of the mill and successive chambers, each housing one impact wheel, and connected by connecting conduits offset from each other by 180.degree.. The mill is designed for use with an inert gas to entrain the powder through and from the mill.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for disintegrating large bales of material. The apparatus includes a plurality of disintegrating rolls in combination with means for advancing a bale into the rolls. The rolls are arranged in a vertically extending array inclined toward the advancing bale. Behind and above the rolls is an expansion chamber of substantial size into which the material is moved by the disintegrating rolls and from which the material is fed at a substantially constant rate into a cutting chamber and finally to a discharge.

Abstract: A threading and dicing machine having a motor mounted on an upper surface with an entry port in the upper surface of cylindrical shape carrying food pieces down to a control disk mounted on a shaft with a cutting blade mounted on the shaft above the control disk to slice the food pieces, an exit port carries the sliced pieces to a receiving container; a set of thin vertical cutting blades can be mounted to the shaft through the control disk to produce shredded pieces of the food piece; the control disk can be raised and lowered and the spacings between the thin vertical blades can be narrowed or widened, so that the sizes of the slices or shreds can be increased and decreased.

Abstract: Apparatus for crushing rock, stone and like material is described. The apparatus includes primary and secondary crushing chambers containing respectively a rotary impactor and a hammer mill. The apparatus can operate either in a wet mode or in a dry mode. In the former case material is processed successively in the two crushing chambers and discharged from the apparatus. In the wet mode, material is first processed in the primary crushing chamber and then discharged from said chamber for processing externally of the apparatus. At least some of the material is then returned to the secondary crushing chamber for further processing and discharge.

Abstract: A machine for the continuous comminution and mixing of materials, especially animal and vegetable media, has a mixing chamber in which two conveying passages are arranged. Each passage has a conveyor and mixer element working oppositely to one another, with each conveying passage there is associated a comminuting device which at the same time acts as a conveying means to deliver materials in the same direction as the associated conveying and mixing elements into the relevant conveying passage or respectively draw therefrom. Reversing spaces or passages serve together with these passages for the circulation of the mixed material.

Abstract: An improvement in an apparatus for processing waste products, the improvement making it possible effectively to process cardboard or wooden boxes. The apparatus comprises comminuting means including a motor-driven drum having essentially radially projecting teeth arranged on said drum and an anvil for cooperation with said teeth for comminuting the waste products. In addition hereto, the apparatus comprises a downwardly sloping supply duct for the waste products opening in the housing above the drum, and feeding means arranged at the discharge end of the supply duct, said feeding means being rotated. The improvement of the apparatus is that carrier means comprising pins or pegs are disposed on said feeding means and project radially outwards.

Abstract: Structure is provided for successively decompacting waste, such as garbage and trash, at a metered rate, weighing the decompacted waste at a metered rate and separating the heavier portions of the waste from the remainder thereof, coarse shredding the remaining waste at a metered rate and in a manner to gradually reduce the remaining waste to increasingly smaller shredded material, fine shredding the shredded material at a metered rate, acting upon the fine shredded material at a metered rate to break up and pulverize the pieces of glass therein, subjecting the waste to a wash bath while agitating the waste with jets of air and collecting the particles of glass which are dislodged from the waste in the bath by the action of the air jets, drying the remaining waste and thereafter separating ferrous materials from the remaining waste through the utilization of magnetic lines of flux and subsequently separating particles of aluminum from the remaining waste.

Abstract: Scrap of thermosetting plastics is reclaimed and recycled by an integrally combined apparatus including means for pulverizing scrap into atomized powder and means for mixing and agitating the atomized powder with a virgin material at a desired ratio. An improved recycling apparatus for thermosetting scrap comprises compactly a pulverizer, an atomizer, a mixing device to mix uniformly atomized powder with virgin material, and a purifying device for Noxious gas generated during pulverizing process.

Abstract: A moist pulp fiberization device wherein picked moist pulp enters a tubular chamber behind a fiberizing blade mounted coaxially within the chamber, the fiberizing blade being configured to produce a turbulent vortex with little, if any, pressure differential within the chamber, the flow of pulp through the chamber being induced and controlled by drawing a vacuum on the trailing end of the chamber and providing an adjustable orifice plate intermediate the fiberizing blade and the trailing end of the chamber; if required, the fibers withdrawn from the chamber may be successively introduced into one or more additional chambers of like configuration to effect substantially complete fiber separation, whereupon the separated fibers are discharged for subsequent processing and use.

Abstract: A centrifugal mill for treating refuse is fed so that the refuse comes into contact with a pre-breaker mechanism and subsequently into contact with a series of comminution mechanisms. Feeding of the refuse is simultaneously accomplished with the injection of a fluid carrier medium such as air, water, aqueous sewage, and the like which is blended with the refuse. The mill is provided with mechanisms for adjustably controlling the through-put rate of the refuse and the fluid carrier medium.

Abstract: A mixing device comprising cooperating rotor and stator elements wherein a stator blade is arranged at the inlet to the stator element for cooperation with an axially outer end of at least one rotor blade. In use, fibrous material which is drawn into the stator element by rotation of the rotor element is shredded by the action of the cooperating rotor and stator blades. The material is then expelled radially outwardly from the stator element and is subjected to high shearing forces, which effect further mixing and disintegration, as it passes between a radially center edge of a rotor blade and the stator elements.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for cutting the long stalks making up a hay stack into short sections more suitable for cattle feed. The arrangement includes a vertical array of disintegrating rolls for breaking up the hay stack and delivering the stems to a plurality of material distributing devices which distribute and feed the stems in a uniform fashion to a cutter roll which chops the stems into short lengths. In the operation of the apparatus, the stems making up the hay may be delivered repeatedly to the cutter roll to assure cutting to the proper length.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for processing fibrous material into fluff and substantially individual fibers. The apparatus includes a hammermill having an impermeable wall of grid-like configuration against which fibrous material to be fiberized is thrown by impact element rotation. The fibrous material is conveyed through the mill in an air stream which defines a general path for the fibrous material under the influence of impact element rotation. The grid-like wall serves to slow the particles of fiber rebounding from the wall so that the particles are subjected to repeated impacts by the impact elements of the mills. Rings divide the interior of the hammermill to control the fiber flow in the air stream to the outlet. A pair of hammermills in sequence permits pulps which are difficult to defiberize to be readily reduced to fluff.

Abstract: A machine for the working of cereals for the nourishment of cattle, comprising a removable cutting group for cutting cobs, stems and the like, a grinding group for grains, an outlet conveying means and a possible fan for directing the worked material to an ensiling pipe, as well as a power means for actuating the whole machine. The grinding group is so constructed as to break the grains but not reduce them into powder.