Abstract: A system includes a grinder to obtain a ground meat; a mixer to add fat to the ground meat; a payload bay to receive the ground meat; a plurality of evaporators coupled to the payload bay; a pump to force coolant flowing through the evaporators; and means for adding fat to the chopped meat product and then chopping the fat and adding liquid nitrogen to maintain the temperature of the chopped meat product and fat being chopped between 1° C. and 10° C. to obtain a chopped meat and fat product.

Abstract: A valuable material recovery method includes a discharge step of discharging a lithium-ion battery; a thermal decomposition step of reducing a lithium compound, which is a cathode active material, into a magnetic oxide by thermally treating the lithium-ion battery after being discharged; a crushing step of crushing the lithium-ion battery, after being thermally decomposed, into fragments of a size suitable for wind sorting, allowing part of the magnetic oxide to remain in the aluminum foil; a sieving step of sieving a crushed material to separate the crushed material into an oversized product and an undersized product; a wind sorting step of separating the oversized product into a heavy product and a light product; and a magnetic sorting step of sorting and recovering the aluminum foil with a residue of the magnetic oxide, as a magnetized material, and recovering the copper foil as a non-magnetized material from the light product.

Abstract: An approach is provided for processing mixed solid waste using an integrated bioenergy complex. The approach, for instance, involves receiving the mixed solid waste at the integrated bioenergy complex, the integrated bioenergy complex including an organic conversion processing center and an inorganic conversion processing center. The approach also involves separating the mixed solid waste into recyclables, an organic waste stream, and an inorganic waste stream. The approach further involves feeding the organic waste stream to the organic conversion processing center to produce organic conversion products and an organic residual, and feeding the organic residual and the inorganic waste stream to the inorganic conversion processing center to produce inorganic conversion products, electric power, and a residual waste. The electric power is used to partially or fully power the organic conversion processing center, and residual waste is less than a target percentage of the received mixed solid waste.

Abstract: A refiner segment for a refiner comprising refining zones provided with a pattern of bars arranged at a respective pumping feeding angle within a respective refining zone, and intermediate grooves between the bars, and dams extending between the bars and protruding above the surface of the grooves. The dams are arranged at least at the ends of at least some of the bars at the borders between the refining zones. Openings are formed at the borders between the refining zones, radially outside of the dams, where the openings are arranged such that a respective angle is formed between an imaginary line connecting the openings and a line which is perpendicular to a radius of the refiner segment, where the angle is directed towards the inner edge of the refiner segment, thereby allowing steam to pass through the openings and flow towards an inner edge of the refiner segment.

Abstract: An autoclave with an upper hatch and a bottom hatch is terminated with elliptical end caps has an agitator placed inside it. The autoclave is inclined in relation to the ground plane. An external jacket is mounted on the cylindrical section of the internal pressure chamber. The jacket is divided into pressure-separated parts Inside the internal pressure chamber a paddle agitator shaft is mounted. The agitator mounting arrangement is out-of-alignment in relation to the axis of symmetry of the autoclave cylindrical section The size of the shift does not exceed ? of the radial length of the cross-section of the cylindrical section of the internal pressure chamber. The agitator's paddles has two shields shifted in the agitator's axis of symmetry in relation to its paddle by a phase angle equal to 90°. The shield height does not exceed ? of the height of the agitator's paddle.

Abstract: Methods for reducing potential pollutants in carbonaceous materials such as coal, lignites and the like prior to utilization such as by combustion, the invention in preferred embodiments processes such materials by resonance disintegration including inter alia subjection to rapid pressure increases and decreases to reduce the materials to particle sizes of a preferable mean value of approximately fifty microns or less. Pollutants such as sulfur, mercury and other heavy metals bound in a mineral fraction and micronized by such processing can then removed by classification techniques based on physical differences between a micronized carbonaceous fraction and the mineral fraction. Combustion of the micronized carbonaceous fraction substantially free of the mineral fraction results in emissions having reduced levels of sulfur, mercury and other toxic substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and an apparatus for sterilising used hygiene products, comprising the use of an autoclave apparatus. Said autoclave apparatus comprises one or a plurality of rotating internal members. In some embodiments, the plurality of rotating members each concentrically position around a common axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the plurality of rotating members comprises holes of predetermined size, such that the autoclaved products can pass from a central rotating section towards radially outwardly positioned ones. This allows for short processing time with high process performance whilst minimising damage of compounds such as pulp fibre and superabsorbent polymers (SAP) while enabling pure plastic, pulp and SAP streams being separated.

Abstract: Method for recycling scrap that contains one or more heat resistant fibers and from 25 to 60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the scrap, of an at least partially uncured to fully uncured two component thermosetting resin mixture of (i) one or more thermosetting resins, and (ii) a solid hardener, the methods comprising shredding the scrap to an average size of from 3 to 50 mm, mixing the shredded scrap, preferably after preheating the scrap, to provide a fluid material charge and then compression molding the fluid material charge to make a cured composite material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a raw material pre-treatment process system suitable for a kiln phosphoric acid process, comprising a carbonaceous reductant, a phosphate ore and a silica pre-treatment system which are independent from one another, outlets of the carbonaceous reductant, phosphate ore pre-treatment system and silica pre-treatment system are all connected to an inner pellet material mixing device via a first delivery device, and outlets of the carbonaceous reductant and the silica pre-treatment system are both additionally connected to a shell material mixing device via a second delivery device. Also disclosed is a raw material pre-treatment process suitable for a kiln phosphoric acid process, i.e. pre-treating carbonaceous reductant, phosphate ore and silica respectively, feeding the carbonaceous reductant powder, phosphate ore powder and silica powder into the inner ball material mixing device for pelletizing, and feeding the carbonaceous reductant and silica into the shell material mixing device for mixing.

Abstract: A food processor includes a grinder to obtain a ground meat; a mixer to add fat to the ground meat; a payload bay to receive the ground meat; a plurality of evaporators coupled to the payload bay with a multiplicity of coolant tubes in each evaporator, wherein each tube enters and then exits the payload bay, further comprising one or more cryogenic valves coupled to the coolant tubes; a pump to force coolant flowing through the evaporators; and a processor with code for: chopping the ground meat and during chopping, adding salt and ice to the ground meat being chopped and adding liquid nitrogen to maintain the temperature of the meat being chopped below 5° C. to obtain a chopped meat product; adding fat to the chopped meat product and then chopping the fat and adding liquid nitrogen to maintain the temperature of the chopped meat product and fat being chopped between 1° C. and 10° C.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for manufacturing micronized powder. The systems, methods, and apparatuses comprise pre-grinding processing, cryogenic freezing, and grinding of infeed material and warming, ferrous metal and fiber removal, accumulation, screening, and storage of micronized powder. Generally, the warming may involve recirculation of micronized powder through the warming apparatus. Further, the accumulation may permit the grinding and screening to occur at their respectively optimal rates, and the fiber removal, via use of a vibrating screener, may increase the purity of the micronized powder. In one embodiment, the micronized powder comprises micronized rubber powder (“MRP”).

Abstract: A system is disclosed. The system includes a processing station for processing at least one of a tire and a wheel prior to joining the tire and the wheel for forming a tire-wheel assembly. The processing station includes one of a tire lubricating sub-station and a wheel lubricating sub-station. A lubrication conditioning system is fluidly-coupled to the processing station. The lubrication conditioning system includes: a lubricant reservoir, a lubricant temperature modifier arranged at least proximate to the lubricant reservoir, a lubricant temperature sensor arranged within a cavity formed by the lubricant reservoir and a controller communicatively-coupled to both of the lubricant temperature modifier and the lubricant temperature sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a surface treatment method of a ceramic powder using microwave plasma in order to enhance flowability. The surface treatment method can be applied to a ceramic powder having a small particle size of 45 ?m or less and can significantly enhance flowability while reducing an influence on a particle size compared to a conventional method. Consequently, the ceramic particles surface-treated by the above-described surface treatment method can be formed to have a smooth and dense coating film without pores during spray coating.

Abstract: A locking state detector comprises a magnet disposed at a first portion of a casing which has an opening that is lockable with an opening locking means. A detector is disposed at a second portion of the casing, the second portion being spaced apart from the first portion such that a clearance between the first and second portions is formed. An interfering component is fixed to an interfering component pivoting means, which is disposed in the opening locking means and arranged to pivot into the clearance and out of the clearance when the interfering component pivoting means is rotated. The detector is arranged to detect a locked state and a non-locked state of the opening locking means in cooperation with the magnet and the interfering component, and to indicate the detected state for subsequent processing.

Abstract: A polymeric compound involves a blend of 50 wt % or greater of a thermoplastic having an average melting point (Tm) of less than 200 ° C. and less than 50 wt % of a butyl rubber ionomer dispersed in a matrix of the thermoplastic, weights based on total weight of the thermoplastic and butyl rubber ionomer. Such blends may exhibit improved physical properties compared to unblended thermoplastic, particularly ultimate elongation and/or damping. The polymeric compounds are useful for forming a variety of articles of manufacture.

Abstract: The method of recycling carbon fiber prepreg waste and transparent thermoplastic waste includes shredding of a volume of transparent thermoplastic waste and a volume of carbon fiber prepreg waste, where the carbon fiber prepreg waste includes a colored backing film. The colored backing film may have a plurality of colors associated therewith, yielding a mixture of multi-colored shreds. A mold is filled with the shredded volume of transparent thermoplastic waste, and the mold is inserted and compressed in a hot press. The shredded volume of transparent thermoplastic waste is cured in the hot press to produce a transparent sheet. The shredded volume of carbon fiber prepreg waste is then heated, such as, for example, with hot air, and then spread on the transparent sheet. The heated, shredded volume of carbon fiber prepreg waste and the transparent sheet are hot pressed to form a colored sheet with a transparent protective layer.

Abstract: The systems and methods of the present invention provide an economically feasible means of thermally processing items such as food products. In some embodiments, the thermal process is a pasteurization process. In other embodiments, the thermal process is a sterilization process. The thermal process utilizes a volumetric heating process to quickly and efficiently add heat energy to the item and then utilizes a surface heating process to obtain a relatively even, highly elevated, temperature throughout the item. In this way, the time required to perform various thermal processes, such as pasteurization and/or sterilization, is greatly reduced compared with traditional processes while still being more reliable and more predictable than other recently developed processes. Furthermore, the system and method is less complicated and more efficient than other systems and processes currently known. Furthermore still, the method includes spraying fluid onto a surface of the item to reduce edge heating.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of engineered fuel feedstocks to control the emission of sulfur-based, chlorine-based, nitrogen-based, or mercury-based pollutants, such as SO2, SO3, H2SO4, NO, NO2, HCl, and Hg that are generated during the combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal. Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feedstocks, feedstocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feedstocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feedstocks, and methods of generating electricity from the fuel feedstocks.

Abstract: A process for reducing the content of residual organic substances in mixtures of plastics from durable goods can include separating a feed stream into two or more mixtures of flakes and preforming a cleaning process to remove a portion of one or more of the absorbed organic substances from one or more of the mixtures. Each mixture can contain one or more plastic types and at least one organic substance absorbed into the one or more plastic types. The flakes in the mixtures can have an average particle diameter of less than 10 millimeters.

Abstract: A particulate cellulose derivative is obtained in a process of grinding and drying a moist cellulose derivative which comprises the steps of A) providing a cellulose derivative having a moisture content of from 60 to 95 percent, based on the total weight of the moist cellulose derivative, B) grinding and partially drying the moist cellulose derivative in a gas-swept impact mill; and C) contacting the ground and partially dried cellulose derivative with an additional amount of a drying gas outside the gas-swept impact mill. The obtained particulate cellulose derivative has a high untapped bulk density and a good flowability.

Abstract: A flowable or spoonable medicament, food, food ingredient or food supplement is useful for inducing satiety. It comprises (a) one or more mono-, di- and/or oligosaccharides and (b) a methylcellulose, wherein the methylcellulose has anhydroglucose units joined by 1-4 linkages wherein hydroxy groups of anhydroglucose units are substituted with methyl groups such that s23/s26 is from 0.17 to 0.36, wherein s23 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 3-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups and wherein s26 is the molar fraction of anhydroglucose units wherein only the two hydroxy groups in the 2- and 6-positions of the anhydroglucose unit are substituted with methyl groups.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating used absorbent sanitary products includes a rotary cylindrical autoclave having a side wall and two ends, at least one of which terminates in a hatch that can be opened to enable access to the autoclave and sealably closed to enable pressurization of the autoclave; a circuit for heating and pressurizing the autoclave for heating the absorbent sanitary products to a sterilization temperature; and a plurality of cutting nozzles supplied by pressurized fluid, which are arranged for directing respective jets of pressurized fluid inside the autoclave.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing activated nano carbon from food waste material and a method for preparing a polymer nano composite, wherein the activated nano carbon at least one polymer are blended.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cementitious composition adapted to form mortars or cements comprising glass as an additive having reduced tendency to reaction with alkali, characterised in that said glass is obtained by grinding and subsequent washing with water.

Abstract: A method for treating process material using a plurality of autoclaves, wherein each of the plurality of autoclaves cycles through the following steps: introducing a steam from one or more of the plurality of autoclaves to the interior of the vessel; increasing the temperature within the vessel by adding heat to the interior of the vessel using an indirect heat source; reducing the temperature and pressure within the vessel by venting a portion of the steam within the interior of the vessel to another one of the plurality vessels; increasing the temperature within the vessel by continuing to add heat to the interior of the vessel using the indirect heat source; reducing a moisture content of the process material in the interior of vessel to a predetermined value by conveying the steam to another one of the plurality of vessels.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a mineral matter powder preparation by wet process without acrylic additive or other grinding aid additives and to the use of said mineral matter after an optional hydrophobic treatment. Said mineral material having superior dispersing properties.

Abstract: There is disclosed an in-mould labelling process for the manufacture of a labelled article comprising the steps of: feeding a labelstock web into a mould; forming an article in the mould such that the formed article contacts and effectively adheres to a label of the labelstock web; detaching the adhered label from the labelstock web; and removing the formed and labelled article from the mould.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for manufacturing home and personal care product and a method for manufacturing degreased coffee particles thereof. The home and personal care product comprises coffee particles with different sizes, in which the coffee particles are degreased by physical and chemical methods and then grinded to different sizes to meet the requirements of different products. Natural compositions from original coffee can be further added for enhancing the clean and care effects of the product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an installation for the purification of minerals, pigments and/or fillers and/or the preparation of precipitated earth alkali carbonate and/or mineralization of water and to the use of such an installation for the purification of minerals, pigments and/or fillers and/or mineralization of water and/or the preparation of precipitated earth alkali carbonate.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels.

Abstract: A system and method for processing objects having contaminating particles includes the steps of shredding the objects in a shredding chamber to form a plurality of shredded fragments, wherein the shredding chamber is arranged to be substantially combustion resistant, and removing the contaminating particles from the plurality of shredded fragments.

Abstract: A system and method for processing objects having chemical contaminates includes a shredding module arranged to shred the objects to form a plurality of shredded fragments, each having the chemical contaminates, and a separating module arranged to separate the chemical contaminates from the shredded fragments.

Abstract: An apparatus, for the steam explosion treatment of biomass, having a pressurized reactor vessel to receive a biomass material and steam, discharge lines connecting the pressurized reactor vessel to the separation device, the lines sized and positioned to allow for the steam explosion of biomass material. At the outlet end of the discharge lines is a collection-expansion manifold to connect the outlet end of each of the discharge lines to a collection line, wherein the collection line provides a passage for biomass material and steam flowing from the discharge lines. The collection line passage has a substantially larger cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of a single discharge line. The collection line is coupled to a separation device such that the separation device receives the biomass material and steam from the collection line.

Abstract: In an aspect, a negative active material, a method of preparing the negative active material, and a lithium battery including the negative active material are provided. The method of preparing the negative active material may increase pulverizing efficiency in pulverizing a silicon-based bulky particle into a nano-size silicon-based primary particle and decrease a capacity loss of the obtained negative active material. The nano-size negative active material has excellent crystalline characteristics, high capacity, and high initial efficiency, due to a decrease in surface oxidation and surface damage.

Abstract: Embodiments herein concern compositions, methods and uses for extracting target compounds from suspension cultures. In certain embodiments, suspension cultures may comprise algal cultures. In some embodiments, compositions and methods include agglomerating ground and dried biomass from a suspension culture prior to extracting target compounds from the culture.

Abstract: A method for processing a supply of post consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer and a sink float tank occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, methods of making the fuel feed stocks, methods of producing energy from the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles and contain a sorbent. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels. In addition, one or more sorbents can be added to the feed stocks in order to reduce the amount of a variety of pollutants present in traditional fuel and feed stocks, including, but not limited, sulfur and chlorine. Further, these feed stocks with added sorbent can mitigate corrosion, improve fuel conversion, extend power generating plant lifetime, reduce ash slagging, and reduced operating temperature.

Abstract: Collected roofing waste, derived on-stream of old roof renovation process, exposure cold grinding with sequential separation to extract layers of bitumen from old roofing membrane. Extracted bitumen layers in crumbs are subjected to thermo dehydration and recovering by injection of volatile and modifier compounds.

Abstract: A process for improving mined coal includes comminuting the coal to a particle size at which individual macerals are available. Reactive macerals are extracted from the comminuted coal as froth from the top of a deep-column flotation cell. The extracted macerals are then de-watered.

Abstract: A system for shredding medical waste, the system comprising a medical waste treating chamber (4) being an interior of an enclosure disposed within an environment which is not to be polluted, a motor (11a), a shredder (2) seated in the chamber and including a motor-driven shaft (17) and blades rotated by the shaft, the shaft (17) extending through the enclosure thereby to define an interface between the waste treating chamber (4) and the environment, and interface seal apparatus (101) preventing leakage of at least fluids from the medical waste treating chamber into the environment, via the interface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the milling-drying of a raw mixture containing aluminum trihydroxide having an average particle size D50 in the range from 50 to 130 ?m and a specific BET surface area in the range from 0.01 to 0.5 m2/g and containing from 0.1 to 20% by weight of water, based on the raw mixture, which comprises the steps i) introduction of the raw mixture into a milling-drying apparatus, ii) introduction of a hot air stream having a temperature in the range from 20 to 100° C. into the milling-drying apparatus so as to flow through the milling-drying apparatus and iii) comminution of the aluminum trihydroxide present in the raw mixture in the milling-drying apparatus.

Abstract: A method of separating at least one cluster of a plurality of clustered particles of a specified material. The method includes: initiating the wetting of at least a portion of the plurality of cluster particles; disaggregating at least a portion of the wetted plurality of cluster particles into a disaggregated material including a plurality of smaller clusters, discrete particles or any combination thereof; and stabilizing at least a portion of the disaggregated material by reducing, eliminating or replacing specified controlling attractive forces. A system and apparatus for separating at least one cluster of a plurality of clustered particles of a specified material are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for processing a supply of post consumer scrap linear low density or low density polyethylene film into near-virgin quality blown film product. The method includes tearing the supply of film in a shredder, wherein the surface area of the film is exposed, including delaminating the film. The torn supply of film is washed in a water bath including a surfactant. The film is agitated in the bath containing the surfactant wherein contaminants on the film are removed from the film. The washed film is ground into smaller pieces and additional washing of the ground film in a rotating friction washer occurs wherein additional contaminants are removed from the film. The ground film is then dried and compacted without addition of water into granulated objects of near-virgin quality blown film product.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for hydrolyzing biological material for safe disposal thereof without the necessity of incineration or use of disinfectants are described. An alkaline solution having a concentration and an amount effective for hydrolyzing the biological material is brought into contact therewith by means of rotating paddles which both pound the biological material into small pieces and thoroughly mix the alkaline solution with the material under pressure and at elevated temperature. Following the hydrolysis of the biological material, a chosen portion of the water is removed from the alkaline solution and from the liquefied biological material, such that the resulting product solidifies when cooled. The present safe disposal of the biological material does not require incineration thereof, the addition of disinfectants thereto, or the discharge of liquid effluent containing processed biological material into the sewage system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an installation for coal grinding in inert operation or in non-inert operation, wherein a proportion of the coal dust produced in a mill is fed to a classifier for separation of super fines. The super fines are fed to a hot gas generator with solid fuel burner in order to heat the re-circulated process gas and to feed it back to the mill. The self-produced coal dust is thus used for the hot gas generation.

Abstract: An additive for hydroconversion processes includes a solid organic material having a particle size of between about 0.1 and about 2,000 ?m, a bulk density of between about 500 and about 2,000 kg/m3, a skeletal density of between about 1,000 and about 2,000 kg/m3 and a humidity of between 0 and about 5 wt %. Methods for preparation and use of the additive are also provided. By the use of the additive of the present invention, the hydroconversion process can be performed at high conversion level.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel engineered fuel feed stocks, feed stocks produced by the described processes, and methods of making the fuel feed stocks. Components derived from processed MSW waste streams can be used to make such feed stocks which are substantially free of glass, metals, grit and noncombustibles. These feed stocks are useful for a variety of purposes including as gasification and combustion fuels.

Abstract: In a process for producing a particulate polysaccharide derivative by dry-grinding a moist polysaccharide derivative, one or more of the properties selected from median diameter, median length, bulk density and dissolution rate is controlled by controlling the temperature of the polysaccharide derivative prior to thy-grinding. Advantageously one or more of the properties selected from median diameter, median length, bulk density and dissolution rate of the particles after thy-grinding is adjusted to a first value by a first temperature of the polysaccharide derivative prior to thy-grinding and is adjusted to a second value by a second temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing activated nano carbon from food waste material and a method for preparing a polymer nano composite, wherein the activated nano carbon at least one polymer are blended.

Abstract: The present invention provides spherical shaped crystals of common salt having size distribution in the range of 100-500 ?m and a process for preparation of the said salt. The above mentioned size range is relevant for many important edible and non-edible applications of salt. The salt is demonstrated to have superior flow properties compared to the cubic counterpart. The free flow property of the salt can be further enhanced through surface treatment with additive such as glycine. The salt is produced by cost-effective mechanical means and such production is amenable to scale up.