Abstract: Cellulosic biomass is reduced to a micropowder with particles having average diameters below 5-10 micrometers with a significant fraction of the particles have diameters below 1 micrometer. Biomass (e.g., wood, agricultural waste or other plant materials) is first processed into pieces having a maximum diameter of about 10 mm. This is then dried to reduce its water content to no more than about 15% by weight and introduced into a disruptor which reduces the particle size to about 1 mm. Next the biomass is processed with a disc mill where edges of rotating discs travel along a groove pressing and squeezing the biomass, thereby breaking the biomass pieces into smaller and smaller particles. The resulting micropowder is extremely susceptible to enzymatic or chemical hydrolysis into constituent sugars. In addition, the micropowder can be suspended in an air stream and burned directly to provide heat to boilers and similar devices.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to provide an apparatus which is capable of continuously and effectively shattering wastes including organic substances and even such wastes as including fat or other doggy substances suspended in a water, without obstructing an operation of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical vertical housing having annular passages partitioned by adjacent two or more substantially concentric cylindrical walls, a water injection device which produces a pressurized water flow so as to supply high-speed water flows tangentially into the annular passages, and a nozzle which is disposed in any one of the cylindrical walls so as to supply a slurry including organic substance particulates into the high-speed water flows and thus ultrafinely shatters the organic granular substances into particulates having the size of a few micrometers by cavitation effect and/or shearing effect produced in the high-speed water flows.

Abstract: A method for treating extremely small particles of recycled polyethylene terephthalate comprises providing a quantity of RPET particles having an average mean particle size ranging from about 0.0005 inch to about 0.05 inch in diameter, heating the RPET particles to a temperature sufficient to cause at least a portion of the RPET particles to adhere to one another, and forming the adhered RPET particles into pellets, said pellets having substantially the same average surface-to-volume ratio as the bulk, un-adhered RPET particles.

Abstract: Shredding devices and methods are disclosed for automatically feeding multiple sheets of paper to be simultaneously shredded. The shredding devices include an auto feed portion for receiving and advancing the paper to be shredded. Certain examples include a paper feed tray and an auto feed assembly having a rotatable elongated shaft and a plurality of disks disposed thereon. As the elongated shaft rotates, the plurality of disks engages a stack of paper present in the feed tray and advances multiple sheets of the stack of paper to shredding blades. Certain feed trays are further configured to fold into a top portion of the housing during non-use and can advantageously protect the auto feed assembly. Certain shredding devices further include at least one feed slot for receiving material manually fed into the shredding device by the user.

Abstract: A method and a measuring arrangement for monitoring the condition of a grinder stone of a pulp grinder. A temperature profile for a grinding surface of the grinder stone is determined substantially along the entire length of the grinder stone, a variable representing at least one piece of temperature data of the grinding surface of the grinder stone is determined on the basis of said temperature profile, and the variable representing said temperature data is compared with a reference variable corresponding to said temperature data. If this variable differs from the reference variable in a predefined manner, the state relating to the condition of the grinder stone is identified as abnormal.

Abstract: A brush chipper with feed rollers and a winch has an interlock control with feed roller disabled position and a feed roller enabled position, spring loaded to the feed roller disabled position to encourage or require the use of the winch line to move it into a feed roller enable position. A winch control is provided that selects between a winch freewheel condition and winch drive condition. A connection is provided between the interlock control and winch control such that the interlock control automatically moves to the feed roller disabled position whenever the winch control is moved to the freewheel position.

Abstract: A refiner plate for a mechanical refining system, the plate including: a refining surface including bars and grooves, wherein the bars have a leading edge defined by an interior angle of between 150 degrees to 175 degrees.

Abstract: The invention discloses a process for refining yarn or sliver having a length of at least 1 meter, comprising the step of feeding the yarn or sliver and a liquid into a refiner, which comprises refiner fillings having a body surrounding a central hole (7), and at least one inlet (1) for the yarn or sliver, and the thus obtained pulp-like materials and its use for making friction materials, paper, and gaskets. In particular, the refiner has a refiner filling (8), wherein the yarn or sliver is fed through an inlet positioned in the refiner filling. The present invention further relates to the refiner filling comprising at least one, preferably eccentric, inlet for yarn or sliver. The inlet comprises an inlet hole which comprises an inclined slope (2) on the outflow side of the inlet, the inclined slope serving to guide the yarn or sliver from the inlet hole to the surface of the refiner filling. The invention further relates to a refiner comprising such refiner filling.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: An improved feed roller assembly wherein the feed roller provides a force perpendicular to the feed direction of the brush material. In a first embodiment, cleats that are not parallel to an axis of rotation of the feed roller are affixed to a periphery of the feed roller. When the feed roller is oriented with its axis of rotation in a substantially vertical position, each cleat is arranged with its upper end ahead of its lower end, in a direction of rotation. This configuration provides a downward force on the logs or brush being fed into the chipper, thereby reducing the occurrence of bucking. In an additional embodiment, the axes of rotation of the feed rollers lean toward the outfeed end of the brush chipper.

Abstract: A mechanical control mechanism for the feed of a brush chipper is disclosed. The feed control bar has four positions: (1) forward or feed, (2) neutral, (3) reverse, and (4) stop. The hydraulic control valve has the three usual positions: (1) forward or feed, (2) neutral, (3) reverse. A function of the feed control bar is to provide the three function of the hydraulic control valve, plus the fourth in a fashion amenable to emergency situations. To these ends, the control bar has an extreme rearward position wherein the feed mechanism is stopped. The only permissible change to the stopped condition of the feed mechanism is to reverse the feed. Until a reset lever is manipulated, the hydraulic control valve cannot be put into a forward feed position.

Abstract: The present invention regulates the delivery of feedstock to the fragmentation zone in a gravity-fed comminuting machine and reduces the ejection of feed materials by means of a rotating cylinder located at an offset position above the rotor. Rotationally mounted on an axis parallel to and above, but offset from, the axis of the rotor, this cylinder serves primarily as a striking surface, or anvil. The continual rotation of the anvil, in the opposite rotational direction as the rotor and with much slower rotational speed, assists in agitating the feed material, alleviating the problems of feed chute obstructions and feed aggregation. The cylinder forces the feed materials into contact with the rotor teeth through continuous rotation and provides a novel tooth design to improve efficacy and reduce wear.

Abstract: A shredder includes a housing having a throat for receiving at least one article to be shredded, and a shredder mechanism received in the housing and including an electrically powered motor and cutter elements. The shredder also includes a detector that is configured to detect a thickness of the at least one article being received by the throat, and a controller that is configured to operate the motor to drive the cutter elements to shred the at least one article and to set a flutter threshold higher than the predetermined maximum thickness threshold, if the detected thickness is less than a predetermined maximum thickness threshold. The controller is also configured to thereafter continuously detect the thickness of the at least one article being inserted into a throat of the shredder; and to perform a predetermined operation responsive to the thickness detector detecting that the thickness of the at least one article is greater than the flutter threshold.

Abstract: The present invention is a truck for paper shredding including means to lift containers of paper, dump them into a shredder. The shreds fall into a hopper from where a ram then compresses and moves the shreds to a storage unit, This compression allows the unit to process significantly more paper shreds before being required to drive to a dumping location.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus controlling the alignment between refining surfaces of opposite refining discs are disclosed which are relatively rotatable and which are incorporated in a refiner for disintegrating and refining lignocellulose-containing material in a refining gap between the refining surfaces. The disclosed method includes positioning at least three sensors at least three measurement positions, measuring the vibrations at each of the measurement positions during refiner operation, and comparing each of the measured vibrations at each of the measurement positions with each other.

Abstract: A method capable of manufacturing, by using a ball mill apparatus, powdered tea having the same quality as that manufactured by using a millstone. By using the ball mill apparatus having synthetic resin pots, a powdered tea material and synthetic resin balls are sealed in the pot, and the pot is revolved or revolved and rotated on its axis to crush the powdered tea material.

Abstract: A refining plate for refining lignocellulosic material including: a radially outer peripheral edge and a substrate surface; a refining zone having a plurality of substantially radially disposed bars and grooves between the bars, wherein the bars protrude upward from the substrate surface and the grooves each have a groove width, and a steam channel traversing the bars and grooves of the refining zone, wherein the steam channel has a radially outer end radially inward of the outer peripheral edge of the plate and the steam channel has a width substantially greater than the groove width.

Abstract: A fibrous slurry refiner includes a casing, a rotor secured to a rotor shaft, and first and second pluralities of grinding surfaces. The rotor is disposed within the casing and is rotatable via the rotor shaft. The first plurality of grinding surfaces is secured to the rotor, and the second plurality of grinding surfaces is disposed facing the first plurality of grinding surfaces and fixed in the casing. An inlet plate for each of the plurality of grinding surfaces directs the fibrous slurry toward a set of facing first and second grinding surfaces and imparts a rotary flow to the fibrous slurry.

Abstract: An improved feed roller assembly wherein the feed roller provides a force perpendicular to the feed direction of the brush material. In a first embodiment, cleats that are not parallel to an axis of rotation of the feed roller are affixed to a periphery of the feed roller. When the feed roller is oriented with its axis of rotation in a substantially vertical position, each cleat is arranged with its upper end ahead of its lower end, in a direction of rotation. This configuration provides a downward force on the logs or brush being fed into the chipper, thereby reducing the occurrence of bucking. In an additional embodiment, the axes of rotation of the feed rollers lean toward the outfeed end of the brush chipper.

Abstract: A novel tree trimming system includes a crane which lifts a wood working implement and a tree trimmer together over obstacles if necessary to a location where a tree is to trimmed. The tree trimmer may cut limbs and feed them directly into the wood working implement that is mounted just beneath him or may drop them to the ground or fasten them to holders that have been lifted with the tree trimmer by the crane. On the ground, a cart which may be motor driven by hydraulic motors or manually moved or pulled by another vehicle can be retracted to fit through ordinary garden gates. The retraction may include moving the wheels or tracker treads of the cart together and moving the hydraulic motor outside of the space between tractor treads so that the tractor treads may be moved closer together. Moreover, side members may be folded upwardly to compress material on the top of the cart and extensions moved in place at the front and end of the cart to increase load carrying capacity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a wood chipper that has a feed roller driven by a hydraulic motor. Hydraulic fluid under pressure is provided to the motor through a two-stage pump, providing separate flows of fluid under pressure. The flows of the pump stages are combined for normal operation of the chipper. A bypass that will bypass the flow from one pump stage when the pressure of the fluid under pressure driving the motor exceeds a pre-selected level from increased load on the feed roller is provided. When the bypass is open the feed roller is slowed to reduce the feed rate of material into the chipper, and when the feed roller loads reduce, the flows will again be combined to speed up the feed roller.

Abstract: True zero-clearance cutting on a commercial scale is provided via a cutting area including a sacrifice material that is relatively softer than the cutter. One example is a cutting system which is capable of cutting a material such as, for example, tape or paper, into a fiber or powder. Destruction of the material is further enhanced by advantageous strategic patterning of cutting edges on a rotary cutter, and further by secondary shredding features. For example, on the same axis as the rotary cutter, may be disposed, one on each end, rotating secondary shredders that receive material that has been cut by the rotary cutter as well as material that has escaped cutting by the rotary cutter. A variety of materials, of different thicknesses and types, may be reduced to a dust or powder-size.

Abstract: A hammermill for singulating cellulosic fibers from a wet pulp sheet includes a cylindrical housing, a feed slot with a breaker bar positioned therein and a rotor mounted for rotation in the housing. Feed rolls are provided to feed a sheet of pulp into the feed slot upstream of the breaker bar. A plurality of hammers are mounted on the rotor. Air is introduced into the hammermill housing tangentially downstream from the second feed slot. An air outlet is positioned tangentially on the housing downstream from the air inlet to allow air and singulated fibers to escape. A process for producing singulated fibers includes wetting a fiber sheet, milling the fibers in the hammermill, and drying the fibers. The singulated fibers have a low knot content.

Abstract: Thermomechanical pulp is an important process for producing fibrous mass used in papermaking. A two-level control strategy that stabilizes and optimizes the refining process has been developed. The Stabilization layer consists of a multivariable model predicative range controller that regulates the refiner line operations. The Quality Optimization layer provides the pulp quality control as measured by an online pulp quality (freeness, fibre length) sensor. This control startegy leverages the natural decoupling in the process. The modular design technique is able to handle multiple refiner lines that empty into a common latency chest. A global optimizer is also used to integrate and coordinate the two layers for enhanced constraint handling.

Abstract: A method for fiberizing material and for feeding fiberized material to a further process. Fiberization is performed with a pulper, which includes a primary space for processing the material to be fiberized with a knife assembly rotating on a driving shaft. The material to be processed is forced, in order to fiberize the material, by rotary motion of the knife through a screen assembly, into a secondary space, for supplying the fiberized material further through an expulsion opening of the pulper to further processing. The knife assembly includes a primary knife unit for final preparation of a material to be fed into the pulper, and a secondary knife unit for fiberizing the material to be processed by forcing it to pass first through the secondary knife unit, and through a screen assembly, spaced from the knife assembly by a clearance. An apparatus can apply the method.

Abstract: A refiner steam separation system according to the present invention includes a blowline for transporting a mixture of fiber material from a refiner to an inlet of a steam separator. Waste steam is discharged from the separator through a waste steam outlet. Cleaned fiber material is discharged from the separator through an exit, which prevents a substantial portion of the waste steam from passing through the exit. A relay pipe communicates with the exit and a dryer duct, and transports cleaned fiber material therebetween. A resin input communicates with the relay pipe, and supplies resin therein. The resin is mixed with the cleaned fiber material prior to the cleaned fiber material being dried in the dryer duct. The present invention is also directed to a method of reducing VOC emissions generated during refining cellulosic fibrous material.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: A refiner plate for forming accepts and exhaust from a pulp material includes a first side and a second side and defines a channel extending between the first side and the second side. The channel is operable to direct at least some of the exhaust and at least some of the accepts away from the first side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for defibering recycled fiber material in a drum pulper provided with a substantially horizontal drum. Recycled fiber material and water are fed to the drum pulper and the drum of the drum pulper is simultaneously rotated. When the drum rotates, the recycled fiber material rises up in the rotating drum and finally, due to gravitational force, falls back down. After falling and hitting to the bottom, the recycled fiber material is defibered, forming a fiber pulp mixture with water. A value of at least one parameter describing the defibration process or fiber pulp properties is measured on the basis of the drum pulper or the resultant fiber pulp mixture, and this value is used for controlling the rotation speed of the drum of the drum pulper. The invention also relates to a drum pulper implementing the method of the invention.

Abstract: A method for creating colored pine straw comprising chopping a quantity of pine straw; spraying the pine straw with a coloring agent; drying the pine straw and; placing the dried pine straw into containers.

Abstract: A system and method for thermomechanical refining of wood chips comprises preparing the chips for refining by exposing the chips to an environment of steam to soften the chips, compressively destructuring and dewatering the softened chips to a solids consistency above 55 percent, and diluting the destructured and dewatered chips to a consistency in the range of about 30 to 55 percent. The destructuring partially defibrates the material. This diluted material is fed to a rotating disc primary refiner wherein each of the opposed discs has an inner ring pattern of bars and grooves and an outer ring pattern of bars and grooves. The destructured and partially defibrated chips are substantially completely defibrated in the inner ring and the resulting fibers are fibrillated in the outer ring.

Abstract: Plate elements, a plate configuration, and associated system for thermomechanical refining of wood chips wherein destructured and partially defibrated chips are fed to a rotating disc primary refiner, where opposed discs each have an inner band pattern of bars and grooves and outer band pattern of bars and grooves, such that substantially complete fiberization (defibration) of the chips is achieved in the inner band and the resulting fibers are fibrillated in the outer band. A pair of opposed co-operating refining plate elements for a flat disc refiner wherein the bars and grooves on each of the inner bands form an inner feed region followed by an outer working region, the bars and groove on each of the outer bands form an inner feed region followed by an outer working region, and the gap and/or material flow area formed when the plates are placed in front of each other increases between the inner working region and the outer feed region.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: Methods for conveying, mixing, leveling, and flaking dewatered pulp to produce pulp flakes suitable to be used in a dryer. Methods for producing a consistent flow rate of pulp, and, for producing uniform pulp flakes in terms of pulp flake size and pulp flake moisture content. A method includes introducing a dewatered pulp to a rotating shaftless screw conveyor. The pulp is deposited from the screw conveyor onto a moving belt conveyor through a chute. The pulp is leveled with a rotary doctor located above the belt conveyor to produce a substantially even rate of mass flow of pulp along a length of belt conveyor. Uniform and consistent quantities of pulp per unit time can then be fed from the belt conveyor to a pulp flaker that then translates into an even rate of pulp mass flow to the dryer.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for separating outer birch bark from inner birch bark. The invention also provides methods for isolating betulin; lupeol; betulinic acid; 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid; 9,10,18-trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid; polyphenolic polymers and fatty acids from birch bark.

Abstract: A food ingredient grinding assembly (10) with a removable ingredient hopper (32,34) made of translucent material to enable viewing the ingredient within the hopper through a window opening (40,42) and carries a closure assembly (FIGS. 4A and 4B) that automatically closes an outlet opening (112) when the hopper is removed from the housing (12) and when installed is control led by a solenoid (118) that when energized pushes a plate (116) to align an opening (126) in the plate with the outlet opening (112) of the hopper. When the solenoid is not energized or when the hopper is removed, a spring (118) automatically returns the plate to a closed position. Alternatively, the closure plate (116) is pulled by the solenoid (FIGS. 6A, 6B, 7A, 7B, 8A and 8B) through the use of vertically releasable connectors or is pushed or pulled open by an electromagnet (FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A and 10B).

Abstract: A wood crusher has body frame; a crushing apparatus installed on the body frame and a crushing rotor rotated in a crushing chamber. A feed conveyor for conveying wood to be crushed is installed on one side of the body frame in the longitudinal direction thereof and includes a drive wheel, a driven wheel, and a running member looped between the drive wheel and the driven wheel. A bottom-equipped hopper having side walls on both sides of the feed conveyor in the transverse direction thereof, and a bottom wall disposed under the feed conveyor has a guide member disposed in continuation with the bottom wall of the hopper at a position near the drive wheel of the feed conveyor to prevent wood pieces from accumulating near the drive wheel. This arrangement prevents the wood pieces from being dropped onto the ground during the crushing work.

Abstract: Process for pre-concentration of recoverable polymer materials formed from residues from grinding consumer durable goods at the end of their lives such as automobiles, computer equipment and household appliances, consisting of treating the residue by steps in sequence consisting of screening, aeraulic separation, grinding and ultimate aeraulic separation, to eliminate the major part of contaminating materials from them, such as metals, glass, rubber, sand or others in order to obtain a fraction pre-concentrated in recoverable polymer materials by recycling. The pre-concentration process is a means of reaching preferably at least 85% by weight of recoverable polymer materials by recycling.

Abstract: A method is proposed for improving pulp quality at high production rates on conical disc refiners. It permits a reduction in refining intensity by enabling fibre residence time to increase by increasing consistency, while avoiding the problem of plate plugging normally associated with high discharge consistency. In practice, inlet consistency is increased by the in-feed dilution, flat zone dilution or both, but without allowing the discharge consistency to rise. Instead, the discharge consistency is controlled at a fixed optimum value by the addition of dilution water within the conical zone. The result is that residence time is increased, and refining intensity decreased, by raising the consistency in the inner region of the refining zone, while avoiding the plate plugging caused by excessive consistency in the outer region of the refining zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to an intermediate product, a method for processing the intermediate product and a wood chipping device for processing the intermediate product. The intermediate product is substantially rod shaped and is sized in a range that includes between one and two times as oriented strand (OS) chips. The intermediate product is fed to a wood chipping device. The wood chipping device has a number of blades. The number of blades each have a number of cutting edges that run parallel to a blade ring axis, and which enclose a working chamber. The intermediate product is rotated about the blade ring axis and is aligned in such a way that it lies substantially parallel to the blade ring axis and is pressed by centrifugal force against the cutting edges.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to efficiently recycle a plastic resin material used in a process cartridge. To achieve this object, in a method of recycling a plastic material of a process cartridge, the process cartridge is crushed in a crushing step while particles such as toner are collected by suction, particles including toner are further separated in a screening step, metal materials are separated in a magnetic selection step, a drum magnetic selection step, and an eddy current step, particles including toner and foreign matter are separated in an air selection step, a secondary crushing step, a peeling step, and a dry gravity separation step, and a plastic material having a specific density is separated in a color selection step.

Abstract: A fiber suspension is produced from waste paper by first filling a pulper with a batch of the waste paper. The pulper is operated to partly defibrate the batch of waste paper substantially without disintegrating coarse imputities into finer impurities. The partly defibrated batch of waste paper is separated into a coarse reject fraction and an initial fiber suspension containing some waste paper fragments and fine impurities. The initial fiber suspension is pumped through a rotary screen apparatus provided with a tubulat fine screen and a pulper type impeller rotating coaxial with the tubular screen, but devoid of any impeller co-operant extraction plate, to defibrate waste paper fragments remaining in the initial fiber suspension and to separate the initial fiber suspension by means of the tubular fine screen into a fine reject fraction containing fine inpurities and a complete fiber suspension substantially free from impurities.

Abstract: Dried fibers which are designated for the production of fiber boards are supplied to a fiber roller (17) from a metering device through a feed chute (10) which is subjected to negative pressure, which fiber roller is provided on its surface with a plurality of pins (18) and rotates in such a manner that the fibers (14) are deflected by the pins (18), are directed along a chute section (22) defined by means of a partial section (20) of the periphery of the fiber roller (17) and an opposite-lying wall (21) and gluing means and said fibers are accelerated to approximately the peripheral speed of the fiber roller (17) by means of the pins (18) and an air flow generated by said pins. The fibers (36) lie against a section of the wall and are glued in the region of or adjacent to one end of the wall section and exit at an outlet orifice (23) of the chute section (22).

Abstract: A yard waste chipper-shredder machine includes a reversible electric motor to drive a roller at low speed and high torque. The waste material is fed into an inlet chute and is crushed and ground into mulch between the roller and the chute for discharge through an outlet chute. The chute is spring biased to reduce jams. The machine operates quietly. Jams are quickly and easily removed by reversing the motor.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: An improved brush cutter having an upper feed control member with stop, forward, neutral, and reverse positions also has a lower feed stop member with selectable sensitivity. Another aspect of the invention is to predict the feed roller shutoff point according to the rate of engine deceleration. According to another aspect, when the feed rollers stop feeding material into the cutters, to overcome drag on the cutters, a controller stops the feed rollers and then reverses them for a short time, and then reverses the rollers again if the problem is still present. To prevent jamming, a pressure switch senses when oil in a hydraulic motor system for rotating the feed rollers is too high and the controller momentarily reverses the feed rollers and then causes them to go forward, a cycle which can occur several times until the feed rollers are no longer stalled.

Abstract: A method of feeding a wood batch into a pressure grinder, the method comprising first collecting the wood batch to be fed into the grinder into a separate batch chamber above a side feeding chamber, from which the wood batch is lowered vertically by means of a separate supporting plate to the side feeding chamber. Thereafter, the wood batch is transferred from the side feeding chamber into the feeding chamber. An arrangement for feeding a wood batch into a pressure grinder comprises a batch chamber above a side feeding chamber and in which the wood batch to be fed into the pressure grinder is formed before it is lowered into the side feeding chamber.

Abstract: The present invention 10 discloses a trash and garbage processing device which may be sized to fit into a kitchen of a home or sized to be used in a multi-family dwelling. The present invention 10 has a plurality of sorting compartments 12 disposed on the top thereof for receiving various types of waste products. There is a compartment for shrinking and palletizing plastics, another compartment for shredding paper and cardboard 58, another compartment for perishable organic waste 48, a crushing compartment for crushing cans and glass/plastic products 54 and a disposal compartment 60 for non-degradable, solid waste such as bones and batteries. After the various types of waste materials are processed, they are transferred to a conduit to a recycling bin 32 for temporary storage and then thereafter removed from the recycling bin and transferred for final disposal.

Abstract: Wood fibers (2) which are used in the production of fiberboards are supplied from a metering device (1) through a feed chute (7) lo a disintegration roller (12) comprising a plurality of pins (13) on its surface. The disintegration roller (12) rotates at high speed, in such a way that the pins (13) deflect the fibers (6) hitting the disintegration roller (12). The fibers are entrained (6) by the pins (13) and fed through a chute section (17) formed by a partial section (15) of the roller periphery and a wall (16) lying opposite the latter, to an outlet orifice (18) of the chute section (17). Either a forming belt (19) of a forming machine is located beneath the outlet orifice (18), or the fibers (6) pass the outlet orifice (18) into the air duct of an air fiber sifter. The disintegration roller (12) disintegrates irregularities in a fiber stream (6), e.g. fiber bundles, or drops of condensed water.

Abstract: A halogen-containing polyester resin composition having an improved stable flexibility and flame retardency which comprises a bislactam compound and a flame-resisting aromatic polyester copolymers containing halogen at a ratio of 0.5 to 30% by weight, said copolymers being by the poly-condensation of(A) aromatic dicarboxylic acids or ester-forming derivatives thereof;(B) aliphatic glycols or ester-forming derivatives thereof; and(C) halogen-containing ester-forming compounds, said bislactam compound being present in a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total quantity of the composite.