Abstract: Toner classification apparatus comprising classification rotor comprising a plurality of vanes extending from rotation center side of classification rotor to outer circumference side of classification rotor; the plurality of vanes are disposed with prescribed gaps established between vanes; gaps form opening facing rotation center region of classification rotor; each of vanes is disposed such that portion of vane away from of center of rotation of classification rotor is located on more upstream side in a direction of rotation of classification rotor than portion of vane closer to center of rotation of classification rotor; each of vanes has elbow; and in a horizontal cross section provided by sectioning classification rotor in a rotational axis perpendicular direction of classification rotor, shape of vane satisfies prescribed formulae, as well as toner production method comprising classification step of carrying out classification process on particles to be classified by using toner classification apparatus

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for winnowing. In one aspect, a method includes loading an initial material into a winnowing system via a feed member; feeding the material into a fluidically accelerated winnowing cavity, where the initial material impacts at least one plate member to yield chaff material and processed material, and where the processed material and the chaff material circulate in the winnowing cavity; and separating the chaff material and the processed from the winnowing cavity based on density. Other aspects include yielding intermediate material, where the intermediate material reimpacts the at least one plate member until yielding chaff material and processed material, preprocessing the initial material, controlling the flow of initial material into the winnowing cavity with a feed gate, where the chaff material egresses the winnowing cavity via a chaff chute, where the chaff material collects in a collection cavity, and/or more.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing organic material is disclosed which breaks down the inedible components of fruit and vegetables (core, skin, pips, pithy material) into an edible substance with a cream-like consistency. The apparatus includes a piston in a barrel for pressurizing the material and forcing it through a passage having a number of end-to-end sections which are at right angles to one another. There is an impact surface at the end of each section on which the flowing material impacts. The sections can be between a sleeve having sections of different diameters and a bobbin the outer surface of which is stepped to match the inner surface of the sleeve.

Abstract: The present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising: furnace side walls; a ceiling; an air distribution plate provided at a bottom of a furnace; and at least one air distribution cone provided on the air distribution plate, wherein each air distribution cone extends upwards from the air distribution plate into an interior of the furnace and has a shape gradually tapered in an extending direction, cone side walls which form the air distribution cone are provided with secondary air ports, the cone side walls are separated from the furnace side walls, and a furnace combustion space is formed and surrounded by the ceiling, the furnace side walls, the air distribution plate, and the cone side walls.

Abstract: The pulverizer including a pulverization chamber, a jet nozzle, a pulverization nozzle, and a collision member is provided. The pulverization nozzle includes an acceleration tube. The acceleration tube includes an acceleration part A and an acceleration part B. A center (a) of the supply aperture is positioned within the acceleration part A. A point of intersection (b) where central axes of the acceleration tube and the supply aperture intersect is positioned within the acceleration part B. An angle ? formed between the central axes of the acceleration tube and the supply aperture satisfies an inequation 30°??<60°.

Abstract: A salt dust generator and method for producing salt dust that is used in salt therapy are described where salt dust is generated when salt particles that are moved in an air flow collide with each other and with certain parts of a salt dust generator. By regulating the speed of the air flow, thus changing its capability to carry the salt particles, and using obstacles, for instance nets that are placed into the salt dust generator vessel, it is possible to increase the amount of the collisions of the salt particles and thus make the formation of the salt dust more efficient.

Abstract: A pulverizer including a solid-gas mixer to mix a compressed gas and particles of a raw material to be pulverized to prepare a solid-gas mixture; a particle path controlling nozzle connected with the solid-gas mixer to feed the solid-gas mixture fed from the solid-gas mixer while accelerating the solid-gas mixture and controlling the particles of the raw material so as to choose different flow paths based on particle diameters of the particles of the raw material; a collision member; and an accelerating tube connected with the particle path controlling nozzle to further accelerate the solid-gas mixture fed from the particle path controlling nozzle while maintaining the flow paths of the particles and ejecting the accelerated solid-gas mixture toward the collision member to pulverize the raw material.

Abstract: A system for processing a heterogeneous material includes a conduit for a pressurized fluid and a nozzle assembly in fluid communication with the conduit. The nozzle assembly includes a plurality of adjustable nozzles configured such that streams of heterogeneous material passing through each nozzle intersect after passing through the adjustable nozzles. Another system includes a conduit for a pressurized fluid, a nozzle assembly, and a separation system configured to separate particles of a heterogeneous material into a first fraction and a second fraction. The nozzle assembly includes an adjustable nozzle configured such that a stream of the heterogeneous material passing through the nozzle contacts a surface after passing through the nozzle.

Abstract: A method of making frac sand having a selected grade from a naturally occurring, mined sand having a SiO2 content of at least about 80 percent and having a particle size range where the maximum particle size is less than about 8.

Abstract: A system for processing a heterogeneous material includes a conduit for a pressurized fluid and a nozzle assembly in fluid communication with the conduit. The nozzle assembly includes a plurality of adjustable nozzles configured such that streams of heterogeneous material passing through each nozzle intersect after passing through the adjustable nozzles. Another system includes a conduit for a pressurized fluid, a nozzle assembly, and a separation system configured to separate particles of a heterogeneous material into a first fraction and a second fraction. The nozzle assembly includes an adjustable nozzle configured such that a stream of the heterogeneous material passing through the nozzle contacts a surface after passing through the nozzle.

Abstract: The production equipment of paper-made components for loudspeakers includes a mixing device, a fining device, a paper-making device, and a shape processing device. The mixing device mixes material of a paper-made component for a loudspeaker into liquid to generate mixed liquid. The fining device includes a pressure unit, an orifice, and an inner wall. The pressure unit applies pressure on the mixed liquid to cause the mixed liquid to pass through the orifice, and the mixed liquid collides against the inner wall to cause the fining device to generate fined material. The paper-making device paper-makes the fined material to generate a paper-made component. The shape processing device processes the shape of the paper-made component. This structure provides production equipment of the paper-made components for loudspeakers, which prepares material for paper-making in a short time and reduces producing time.

Abstract: A pneumatic continuous impact pulverizer includes an outer tube, an inner tube located in the outer tube, an air intake material feeding port located at a front end of the outer tube, an air pump located at the air intake material feeding port, and a plurality of impact tubes. The impact tubes respectively run through the tubular wall of the inner tube, and each has an airflow passage which includes a bell-shaped opening communicating with the outer tube, a middle branch opening located at one side of the airflow passage close to the air intake material feeding port and communicating with the inner tube, and an outlet communicating with the inner tube. High pressure gas and powders enter through the air intake material feeding port. The high pressure gas carries the powders to pass through the impact tubes where the powders collide with each other to become nano powders.

Abstract: A method of making frac sand having a selected grade from a naturally occurring, mined sand having a SiO2 content of at least about 80 percent and having a particle size range where the maximum particle size is less than about 8.

Abstract: An annular impactor structure for use in crusher/classifiers of the updraft type. An annular structure comprising a plurality of radially inwardly projecting, essentially vertical impactor plates of high-hardness material is located immediately above a vane structure such that entrained particulate matter from a milling bowl impacts one or both of the impactor plate surfaces. The impactor plates as well as the backer structures between the impactor plates are covered with coin-shaped protrusions. The impactor plate structure can be used in combination with a single or double course vane structure.

Abstract: Methods and systems for enhancing fluidization of nanoparticle and/or nanoagglomerates are provided. A fluidization chamber is provided with a fluidizing medium directed in a first fluidizing direction, e.g., upward into and through a bed containing a volume of nanoparticles and/or nanopowders. A second source of air/gas flow is provided with respect to the fluidization chamber, the secondary air/gas flow generally being oppositely directed relative to the fluidizing medium. Turbulence created by the secondary gas flow is advantageously effective to aerate the agglomerates and the shear generated by the jet is advantageously effective to break apart nanoagglomerates and/or reduce the tendency for nanoagglomerates to form or reform. A downwardly directed source of secondary gas flow located near the main gas distributor leads to full fluidization of the entire amount of powder in the column.

Abstract: An air knife module assembly and a replaceable wear plate member are provided for a cyclonic comminuting and dehydrating machine. The air knife and wear plate can be formed in a modular configuration with the wear plate being mountable into an opening formed in the side wall of the cylindrical chamber of the cyclonic comminuter. The air knife module can be formed separately of the wear plate member and mounted into an opening formed in the wear plate module. The wear plate module can be secured to the side wall of the cylindrical chamber by removable fasteners while the air knife module can be secured by clamping members mounted on the wear plate module. Sensors in the air discharge detecting hazardous material above a predetermined threshold are operable to affect a de-naturing of the ground material discharge for removal thereof from the discharged stream of material.

Abstract: A process for preparing a toner including the step of pulverizing a resin composition with a jet type pulverizer comprising a venturi nozzle and an impact member arranged so as to face the venturi nozzle, wherein r2/r1 is 0.3 or less, wherein r1 is a radius of the largest circle R1 among the circles formed with 3 points including any given 2 points located on the outer circumference of the impact side of the above impact member, and one point located on a line connecting the 2 points in the shortest distance on the impact side; and r2 is a radius of the largest circle R2 among the circles formed with 3 points including 2 points located on an outer circumference of the impact side, intersecting with a line perpendicularly at a given point with the line connecting the 3 points forming the circle R1, and one point located on a line connecting the 2 points in the shortest distance on the impact side; and a pulverization member and a jet type pulverizer, each being used in the process.

Abstract: The airflow pulverization and classification device includes a pulverizer and a classifier. The pulverizer includes a pulverization chamber including a collision member; a jet nozzle directing jet flow toward the pulverization chamber; a feeder feeding a particulate material; a supply nozzle having an acceleration tube connected with the jet nozzle and the pulverization chamber, and a supply tube connected with the feeder and the acceleration tube to supply the particulate material the acceleration tube so that the particulate material is collided with the collision member; and a pressure gauge measuring a static pressure in the feeder and/or the supply tube, and/or a static pressure at the junction of the acceleration tube and the supply tube to control the supply conditions of the particulate material supplied to the acceleration tube on the basis of the measured static pressure.

Abstract: A grain size and/or pulverulent-matter drying apparatus for the treatment of suspended mineral particles, at least 90% in weight of which have a size less than 60 mm, primarily includes a substantially vertical gas pipe with an ascending flow provided with a gas inlet, a lower opening and an upper opening between which a supply opening is also provided for insertion of matter. A portion of the matter, or so-called “fines”, can escape with the gas through the upper opening due to the bearing capacity of the ascending flow, while another coarser portion of the matter is not carried away by the gas and falls into the lower opening. The apparatus also has a device for creating turbulence, which favors the separation of the different grain sizes and the suspension of matter, provided at the internal wall of the pipe and located between the lower opening and the supply opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a jet mill for grinding and classifying material having an integrated dynamic classifier section connected to a conveying section to and from which a fine material and a material to be further ground are conveyed. The integrated dynamic classifier section of the present invention allows for the separation of a fine material from a material to be further ground. Furthermore, the present invention also includes a method of using such a jet mill having an integrated dynamic classifier section for grinding and classifying of material.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention relate to a ring jet for use in fluid energy mills. In particular, the embodiments relate to a spiked nozzle containing a nozzle plug forming a fluid compression orifice in form of a partial annulus, to accelerate a grinding fluid used in reducing the particle size of particulate matter. Such ring jets are placed in a circular ring configuration about the outer wall of the fluid energy mill.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to provide an apparatus which is capable of continuously and effectively shattering wastes including organic substances and even such wastes as including fat or other doggy substances suspended in a water, without obstructing an operation of the apparatus. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical vertical housing having annular passages partitioned by adjacent two or more substantially concentric cylindrical walls, a water injection device which produces a pressurized water flow so as to supply high-speed water flows tangentially into the annular passages, and a nozzle which is disposed in any one of the cylindrical walls so as to supply a slurry including organic substance particulates into the high-speed water flows and thus ultrafinely shatters the organic granular substances into particulates having the size of a few micrometers by cavitation effect and/or shearing effect produced in the high-speed water flows.

Abstract: A muller for finely mulling a material to be processed is disclosed. The muller comprises a nozzle unit (10) including feed lines (12a and 12b) and hollow pipe lines (120a and 120b), a mulling unit (20) including a mulling head (22), and an input device (30) including a hopper (310) and a feeder (322). The muller finely mulls the material even if it has a relatively large particle size, and continuously feeds the material while mulling it in order to improve productivity. The muller conducts cold mulling of the material or maintains the temperature thereof by employing a cooling system to prevent the generation of heat due to inter-material collision as the material is transferred, or friction against the feed lines, thereby extending the lifespan of the muller. The muller requires no separate classifier by employing successively arranged mulling units (20a to 20n) to accomplish a high economical efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fining powders and an apparatus employing the same. By fast rotating the collision plates in a chamber, the powders can be continuously pulverized at high velocity. The chamber is maintained in a stable low pressure, so that gas flows are generated by planes of the rotating collision plates and the powders can be sorted. The present invention can perform functions of both pulverizing powders of D50<20 ?m to D50<2.0 ?m and sorting them with advantages of dry, low temperature, saving-energy, less consumed-material and high efficiency. The present invention is particularly suitable for oxides unable to be fined by high-temperature pyrolysis, powders having problems of changing properties at high temperature or aggregation. The present invention also provides a low-cost technology for certain powders such as cement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a milling and classifying apparatus, adapted to produce toner fine particles, comprising a collision mill, and an air classifier, wherein the collision mill comprises a jet nozzle room, a path, a collision plate, and a collision member mounted to a support of the collision plate at downstream of the collision plate, the air classifier comprises a dispersion room and a classification room, the classification room is disposed below the dispersion room, and a flow stabilizer is arranged at a central suction of the separator core to control swirl stream generated within the classification room so as to centrifuge the powder into coarse particles and fine particles by action of the swirl stream.

Abstract: A jet mill has a disk-shaped hollow part in the interior of the mill body. The hollow part is divided into an annular grinding zone for grinding a material by high-speed swirling air flows supplied through plural air nozzles and an annular classifying zone provided inside the grinding zone and communicated to an exit space for classifying the ground material by the swirling air flows in the grinding zone. An annular first constricted passageway is arranged between the grinding zone and the classifying zone to thereby divide and communicate them, and preferably an annular second constricted passageway between the classifying zone and the inside exit thereof. Accordingly, a jet mill realizing a high classification precision for a desired particle size of ground material with a narrow size distribution and having a simple inner configuration to allow easy cleaning before and after operation can be provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing clogs in a pneumatic material feed line, such as employed in abrasive waterjet machining systems, by providing an evenflow feed of material therethrough. The apparatus preferably includes a hollow housing defining a housing volume and having an inlet capable of connecting to an upstream portion of the pneumatic material feed line, an outlet capable of connecting to a downstream portion of the pneumatic material feed line, and an air vent located between the inlet and outlet for venting excess air pressure out from the housing volume. A diverter, i.e. an impingement object, is located at the inlet and in a path of incoming material from the upstream portion of the pneumatic material feed line, to break up clumps of ambient moisture-ridden material impinging on the diverter. And one or more filter screens is also preferably located in the housing volume to further break up clumps and provide filtering.

Abstract: The invention relates to a jet mill of modular design for the comminution of powdery materials. An inner pulverizing casing made entirely of wear-resistant material is freely mounted in an outer casing pressure vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for comminuting particles. The apparatus comprises at least one tube for collecting a given amount of particles, the particles forming a plug inside the tube. The apparatus further comprises at least one pressure pulse unit for generating pressure pulses, in which context the plug, subjected to a pressure pulse, is propelled from an exit aperture of the tube to hit a baffle located downstream of the tube and comprising apertures. Finally, the apparatus comprises a collection chamber following on to the baffle, in which the particles, comminuted by the impact against the baffle and passing through the apertures, are collected.

Abstract: A finely divided, stable dispersion of a solid is produced by: spraying at least two streams of a preliminary dispersion, each through a separate nozzle by pumps, onto a collision point in a reactor chamber enclosed by a reactor housing; passing water vapor through an opening into the reactor chamber so that a vaporous atmosphere consisting mainly of water vapor prevails in the reactor chamber; and removing the finely divided dispersion and a) vapor, b) partially condensed vapor consisting mainly of water or c) a combination of a) and b) from the reactor chamber by excess pressure of an incoming water vapor on the gas inlet side; wherein the solid has an average particle size of from 10 nm to 10 ?m.

Abstract: An eductor-spike nozzle device includes (a) a first cylindrical member having a first wall including a cowl lip and defining a first hollow interior, and (b) a second cylindrical member mounted within the first hollow interior and having a second wall (i) externally defining an annular flow path with the first wall for flow of a first stream of fluid, and fluid compressing throat region with the cowl lip for creating a high velocity stream, and (ii) internally defining a second hollow interior for flow of a second stream of fluid so as to form the composite stream of high velocity fluid with the first stream of fluid, thereby increasing a probability of the composite stream receiving and entraining particles introduced into the composite stream.

Abstract: A jet mill includes plural nozzle devices for discharging a composite stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle device includes a plural odd number of nozzle openings for discharging an individual stream of high velocity fluid. Each nozzle opening comprises (i) a converging region for converging and accelerating a volume of high pressure fluid; (ii) a throat region defining a narrowest diameter region of the nozzle opening; (iii) a first expansion region for producing a linear expansion of the volume of high pressure fluid, and (iv) a second expansion region for producing a turning expansion as well as a parallel flow of the volume of high pressure fluid. The first expansion region has a radius “r1” and a length “s1” with radius r1 and length s1 determined such that (dr1/ds1) is a constant. The second expansion region has a radius “r2” and a length “s2” with radius r2 and length s2 determined such that (dr2/ds2) is non-linear and a function of s2.

Abstract: A method for creating ultra-fine particles of material using a high-pressure mill is described. The method includes placing a material in a first chamber and subjecting the material to a high-pressure fluid jet to divide it into particles. These particles are then transferred to a second chamber in which they are subjected to cavitation to further divide the particles into relatively smaller particles. These relatively smaller particles are then transferred to a third chamber, in which the particles collide with a collider to still further divide them into ultra-fine particles of the material. The mill of the present invention includes a first chamber having an high-pressure liquid jet nozzle, first and second slurry nozzles, a second cavitation chamber and a third chamber which houses a collider. In one embodiment, the slurry nozzle has an inner surface and sharp edges that project slightly out from the inner surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus (1) for comminuting particles (2). The apparatus (1) comprises at least one tube (8,8′) for collecting a given amount of particles (2), the particles (2) forming a plug (12) inside the tube (8,8′). The apparatus (1) further comprises at least one pressure pulse unit (13, 13′) for generating pressure pulses, in which context the plug (12), subjected to a pressure pulse, is propelled from an exit aperture of the tube (8,8′) to hit a baffle (6) located downstream of the tube (8, 8′) and comprising apertures (7). Finally, the apparatus (1) comprises a collection chamber (4) following on to the baffle (6), in which the particles (2), comminuted by the impact against the baffle (6) and passing through the apertures (7), are collected.

Abstract: A pre-screening element for use with pneumatic discharge systems for transport of powdered material has a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a first vane array, having a plurality of strip-shaped first vanes arranged inside the housing and spaced apart with respect to a longitudinal axis of the housing, each individual vane of the plurality of first vanes being substantially parallel to other vanes of the first vane array and having a long edge facing the inlet, and a second vane array, having a plurality of strip-shaped second vanes arranged inside the housing each individual vane of the plurality of second vanes being substantially parallel to other vanes of the second vane array and having a long edge facing the inlet, a longitudinal axis of the first vanes being arranged at an angle to a longitudinal axis of the second vanes.

Abstract: A method for creating ultra-fine particles of material using a high-pressure mill is described. The method includes placing a material in a first chamber and subjecting the material to a high-pressure liquid jet to divide it into particles. These particles are then transferred to a second chamber in which they are subjected to cavitation to further divide the particles into relatively smaller particles. These relatively smaller particles are then transferred to a third chamber, in which the particles collide with a collider to still further divide them into ultra-fine particles of the material. The mill of the present invention includes a first chamber having an high-pressure liquid jet nozzle, first and second slurry nozzles, a second cavitation chamber and a third chamber which houses a collider. Sensors may be located throughout the mill to collect data on the comminution process and to use the data to control the resultant particle size.

Abstract: A mill offers superior milling efficiency by being provided with a partition to divide a milling chamber into a first guide path and a second guide path. Particles of a milling material that have been ground at a milling area in the milling chamber are guided into a particle classifier through the first guide path, and the ground particles of the milling material that were classified by the particle classifier as requiring further milling are guided back into the milling area through the second guide path.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding particulate material includes a grinding chamber. Fluid sources mounted on the peripheral wall of the grinding chamber generate a stream of fluid directed along the source axis of the fluid source towards the inside of the grinding chamber. Fluid flow guides associated with fluid sources have a first aperture. Guide members associated with fluid sources have a second aperture. Each guide member co-operates with the fluid stream of the associated fluid source and the associated fluid flow guide to draw fluid towards an upstream portion of the fluid stream and to direct fluid away from a downstream portion of the fluid stream. The fluid streams from the fluid sources overlap in an empty zone of the grinding chamber. The particulate material is introduced into the fluid streams, accelerated by the fluid streams and directed towards the empty zone. Thus particles from different streams collide in the empty zone.

Abstract: An apparatus for increasing wear life of machine members includes a shaft assembly mounted on the machine. Also included are two or more power sources eccentrically aligned in relationship to the shaft assembly of the machine to form an acute angle between the shaft assembly and the two or more power sources. One or more pulleys is attached to the driven shaft which is included in the shaft assembly. One or more drums is attached to each of the drive shafts of each of the engines, and belts are mounted on the drums and pulleys to rotate the driven shaft of the machine.

Abstract: A pneumatic impact pulverizer is disclosed which has a nozzle for feeding high-pressure gas, a tube for transporting and accelerating a pulverizing material, a pulverization chamber, and an impact member for pulverizing the material. The impact member is opposed to an outlet of the accelerating tube and has at least a first impact face projecting toward the accelerating tube side and a second impact face sloped toward the downstream side. The pulverization chamber has at least a first sidewall positioned on the side more upstream than the outermost edge of the second impact face and a second sidewall positioned on the downstream side of the first sidewall. The pulverization chamber is enlarged at its part on the side more upstream than the outermost edge of the second impact face so that the cross-sectional area of the inside of the chamber at that part is larger than that of the inside of the chamber corresponding to the outermost edge of the second impact face.

Abstract: A pneumatic pulverizer comprises an accelerating tube for carrying and accelerating powder to be pulverized with high-pressure gas and a pulverizing chamber for pulverizing the powder to be pulverized. The back end of the accelerating tube is provided with a pulverization powder feed port for feeding powder to be pulverized to the accelerating tube, the pulverizing chamber has an impact member having an impact surface opposed to the opening plane of the outlet of the accelerating tube, the and a side wall against which the powder to be pulverized that has been pulverized by the impact member collides to further pulverize.

Abstract: A toner producing system which can efficiently produce toner having a sharp particle size distribution by suppressing the occurrence of microscopic powders and improve energy efficiency in pulverization. The system is furnished with a second pulverizing apparatus having a second colliding plate inclined at an angle in a range between 45.degree. and 90.degree. inclusive with respect to a direction in which a raw material subject to pulverization is introduced into a second pulverizing chamber through a second nozzle, and a third pulverizing apparatus having a third colliding plate with a conical member being placed thereon, so that the raw material introduced into a third pulverizing chamber through a third nozzle collides with an inner surface thereof following the collision with the third colliding plate.

Abstract: A device for disintegration of argillaceous materials comprises a plurality of vanes 8 mounted on the inner surface of the housing 1 between the outlets of the feed pipes 2 and 3 and the inlets of the discharge pipes 4 and 5. Each of the vanes 8 is arranged in a manner such that the angle between the tangent 11 to the cylindrical surface 1 in the plane of the vane 8 and the plane 12 perpendicular to the axis 6 of the housing 1, is between 0 and 60 degrees. As the hydraulic fluid stream impinges upon the vanes 8, the argillaceous material is multiply exposed to pressure differentials and cavitation, this favoring faster impregnation of clay lumps with water and their disintegration leading to separation of mineral grams.

Abstract: This invention relates to a spouted bed wood chip debarker/cleaner. Such structures of this type, generally, cause wood chips and bark to undergo attrition by accelerating the wood chips and bark with a jet of air. In particular, the accelerated wood chips and bark are impinged on a screen. When the wood chips hit the screen, bark and wood chips experience attrition. Small pieces of bark and other debris (sand, for example) will be exhausted through the screen which is too fine of a mesh to let desirable size wood chips be exhausted.

Abstract: A nozzle for connecting between a jet stream spout and a pulverizing room of a jet mill. The nozzle has two nozzle parts. One nozzle part has the shape of a truncated cone with a first cone angle and is located at a jet stream spout side. The other nozzle part has the shape of a truncated cone with a second cone angle different from the first cone angle and is located at a pulverizing room side of the first nozzle part.

Abstract: A pneumatic pulverizer comprises an accelerating tube for carrying and accelerating powder to be pulverized with high-pressure gas and a pulverizing chamber for pulverizing the powder to be pulverized. The back end of the accelerating tube is provided with a pulverization powder feed port for feeding powder to be pulverized to the accelerating tube, the pulverizing chamber has an impact member having an impact surface opposed to the opening plane of the outlet of the accelerating tube, and a side wall against which the powder to be pulverized that has been pulverized by the impact member collides to further pulverize. The closest distance from the side wall to a margin of the impact member is shorter than the closest distance from the front wall of the pulverizing chamber opposed to the impact surface to the margin of the impact member to prevent pulverized powder from fusing, coagulating, and getting coarser, and prevent localized abrasion of an impact surface the impact member and the accelerating tube.

Abstract: A fluidized bed jet mill for grinding particulate material comprising: a) a grinding chamber having a peripheral wall, a base, and a central axis; b) an impact target with a hollow cavity defined thereby, and with at least three apertures transversing the walls thereof, said target being mounted within said grinding chamber and centered on said central axis of said grinding chamber; and c) a plurality of sources of high velocity gas, said gas sources being mounted in said grinding chamber in said peripheral wall, arrayed symmetrically about said central axis, and oriented to direct high velocity gas along an axis substantially perpendicularly intersecting said central axis within said impact target, each of said sources of high velocity gas comprising a nozzle having an internal diameter; wherein said impact target has a cross section area in a plane parallel to said central axis, and said cross section area is greater than said cross section area of said internal diameter of said nozzle; and wherein the dist

Abstract: An inertial impactor with a specially designed impaction plate has a nozzle protruding from a nozzle plate, and an impaction plate formed with a conical recess covered by an orifice plate and a circular impaction plane at the bottom of the recess having a diameter slightly greater than that of the diameter of the nozzle. The impactor reduces loss of particles due to rebounding or blowing off particles from the impaction plate so as to increase particle collection efficiency and capacity, permit a quick accumulation of the particles on the bottom of the conical recess, and increase collection efficiency accordingly.

Abstract: A method for concentrating a fine coal slurry having an average particle diameter of 250 microns or less is provided in which the slurry is fed to a liquid-permeable membrane separator which provides a high rate of shear flow horizontal to the membrane. The feed may be heated to increase the flow rate, and crossflow across the membrane may be pulsed to prevent clogging of the membrane. Dispersant may also be added to improve the flow.

Abstract: A micromilling device includes a milling chamber, a sorter located in the milling chamber for sorting solid material, nozzles for injecting a stream of solid particles to be milled into the chamber in a predetermined path, and impact elements positioned in the path for impacting the stream of solid material.