Abstract: A method and apparatus used to achieve alignment during mold assembly and accommodate thermal expansion comprising employing a compressible region and a modified interface dimension.

Abstract: An exemplary mold is disclosed for impregnating a prefabricated condenser core (C) of a high voltage bushing with a liquid resin and includes two mold modules movable against each other and shaped to form an axially symmetric mold cavity. The mold forms a column of cylindrical design, in which the at least two mold modules are arranged on top of each other. A first of the two mold modules can be executed as a hollow cylinder. Two opposing front faces of the two mold modules and a circular O-ring arranged between the two opposing front faces form a first sealing interface of the metal mold. Such a mold can have a very efficient sealing system and allow high pressures to be applied to the liquid resin and a beneficial forming of the condenser core in a device in which the resin is cured according to a specified temperature profile.

Abstract: An exothermal weld mold includes a mold section with an integral cover portion, made as part of a single piece of material with the rest of the mold section. The mold section may be a mold half of a vertically split mold, or may constitute most of a half of the mold. The cover portion may be part of an integral cover that covers substantially all of a reaction chamber or crucible of the mold. The cover may have one or more vent holes, in the top and/or side of the mold. The cover may have a baffled passage for expansion of gases produced by reaction of the weld material, before the gases are expelled from the mold at an opening in the top or side of the mold. The passage may be a serpentine passage. A filter may be placed in the passage.

Abstract: A method and a mould for manufacturing pellets of hot-melt ink are disclosed wherein use is made of a multiple mould containing at least three dies detachably attached to one another which define mold cavities and corresponding filling holes. In the moulding process, the cavities are overfilled such that after solidification ink protrudes in the filling openings formed in a single die and prior to removal of the pellets from the mould cavities, the die containing the protrusions is separated from the other dies whereby the ink pellets formed are substantially free of holes and/or protrusions hampering the free flow of such pellets when introduced in a dosing system.

Abstract: A casting mould for manufacturing a cast part from a metal melt includes a mould cavity for reproducing a cast part and comprising an inlet for pouring metal melt into the mould cavity and also to a device and a process for casting metal melts of this type. The casting mould provides further optimized casting results even under hard practical operating conditions. In addition, the use or application of the device according to the invention and the process minimizes the risk of jamming during casting. This is achieved in that the casting mould has at least one compensation chamber which is linked to the mould cavity via a channel and comprises at least one portion which is arranged above the maximum filling level (Fmax) of the casting mould during solidification of the metal melt.

Abstract: A mold for hot-top vertical continuous casting of metals includes a feed head (8) made of a thermally insulating refractory material which surmounts a cooled copper crystallizer (9) and is internally aligned with a cooled copper element (14) of the cooled copper crystallizer (9) in order to define a calibrating passage for the cast metal. The copper element (14) is formed by an assembly of plates, some of which, termed “large walls”, are each held against a reinforcing backplate (16) to which it is rigidly fastened by a clamp (22), the shape of which is elongate in the width direction of the large wall and which goes over the top of the large wall and its associated backplate.

Abstract: A hot top lining assembly for an ingot mould or for an ingot mould head box is made up of four boards of refractory material and fixed together by means of a guide bar incorporated in a wedge-shaped portion in the lateral edge of one of the boards mating with a slot in a lateral edge of an adjacent board.

Abstract: The hot top utilizes an integral angle iron structure connected to the hot top for avoiding seal leaks of molten metal through the space between the bottom portion of the hot top and the top of the mold wall. By providing the angle iron structure with a plurality of holes which allow the cooling ingot metal to tear out portions of the structure as the ingot contracts, such structure also allows the cooling ingot to move downwardly in the mold and to separate from the structure, thereby preventing hanger cracks from occurring.

Abstract: A reusable hot top includes a shell having an aperture therethrough providing an inner wall. The shell has an upper end portion and a lower end portion which seats on a mold. A liner comprised of an insulating material is positioned in the aperture and is movable relative to the upper and lower end portions. Insulation is sandwiched between the liner and the inner wall and prevents heat conductance between the liner and the shell. Pins extend from the inner wall and are engaged with and support lugs extending from the liner and thereby maintain the liner in the aperture when the shell is lifted from the mold and the pins are disengaged from the lugs when the shell is seated on the mold. A thermal seal is disposed around the bottom of the liner and contacts the mold. The seal prevents the liner from contacting the mold and thereby prevents heat conductance between the liner and the mold.

Abstract: In the ingot casting of killed-steel steels, insulative walled reservoirs known as hot-tops are employed at the top of the mold to maintain a source of molten steel which can feed the shrinkage cavity that forms during solidification of the ingot. Presently, these hot-tops are set to a predetermined height prior to the filling of the mold cavity. As a result of such controlled height pourings, variations in the volume of the mold cavity lead to significant losses in the ingot-to-product yield. To overcome such losses, the invention employs a floating hot-top. Rather than teeming to a prescribed height, the ingot is teemed to a prescribed weight and the floating hot-top is placed on the surface of the steel so teemed. Further pouring is delayed, at least until the hot top is welded to the surface by the freezing of the molten steel in contact therewith. Thereafter, the hollow center of hot-top is filled to provide a sufficient reservoir of molten metal for the resultant shrinkage cavity.

Abstract: A device for holding hot top lining slab (1) in ingot mould head comprises strap-receiving portion (4) and strap (3), either being securable to the slab, in which the portion (4) includes latch part (11) extending towards path of movement of the strap (3) when receiving in the portion (4) and the strap (3) has disposed on a side thereof a plurality of spaced apart latching parts (8) complementary to the latch part (11) of the portion (4), with another side of the strap (3) being free of such latching parts, whereby when a side of the strap (3) free of latching parts is presented to the latch part (11) of the portion (4), the strap (3) is free to move through that portion and when the strap (3) is moved to present a side having the latching parts (8) to the latch part (11) of the portion (4), the strap (3) is caused to engage with the portion (4).

Abstract: A disposable hot top board includes a compressible seal positioned along the outer surface of the board to form a seal between the bottom of the board and the mold wall. In a preferred form, the disposable hot top board comprises an insulating or exothermic material having a reticulated metal mesh embedded therein. A metal plate extends along at least a portion of the outer surface and a ceramic fiber strip extends along a bottom portion of the board. A perforated metal retention strip with a first end interwoven with the mesh and a second end extending outward from the board, is used with a big end up mold having a pair of slots. In addition to the standard internal wedge system, the board is forcibly retained against the ingot mold to compress the fiber strip into a seal by a rod which engages the metal retention strip in a wedging type relationship with the mold exterior.

Abstract: The ingot mould comprises a hot-top positioned inside the upper part of the mould and comprising an inner wall formed by at least one plate of a material capable of withstanding contact with a molten metal poured into the ingot mould, without being melted or fused. The thickness of the inner wall is less than that of the wall of the mould, at least one recess is provided inside the upper part of the mould wall and the inner wall of the hot-top is placed in the recess, with its surface essentially flush and aligned with the inner surface of the mould, so as to form a closure wall separating the interior of the recess from the interior of the mould.

Abstract: A hot top casing for cooperation with an ingot mold body is provided having a depending portion from which a pair of trunnions extend away from the casing and a second pair of trunnions extend toward said casing whereby each of said pairs are displaced vertically with respect to the center of gravity with one pair above and one pair below said center.

Abstract: In a hot top mounting method for mounting hot top insulation boards to the inside upper surface of a metal ingot mold, a plurality of spaced parallel metal straps are first affixed to a surface of each board, and each board is then fastened to the mold inner wall by setting a plurality of headed fasteners through the strap and into the mold wall using an air operated, magazine-type fastener driving tool. The straps are preferably of channel cross-section which then act as guides to locate the tool for the fastening operation. The channel straps when disposed vertically can have a row of spaced apertures in one edge which selectively receive a U-shaped hanger for suspending the board from the mold top edge for the fastening operation, the hanger being removed once fastening is complete. The straps can be disposed in other orientations such as horizontal depending upon the fastening pattern required. The tool is provided with an elongated handle to permit it to be used down in the mold from above the mold.

Abstract: A hot top lining for use in casting metal ingots is positioned in the mouth of the mould or in a head box at the top of the mould and comprises a plurality of refractory, heat-insulating lining slabs at least one of which has, at its outward-facing surface and adjacent to its lower edge, at least two ribs extending horizontally across the slab to inhibit upward flow of molten metal behind the slab. The ribbed slabs themselves form a part of the invention.

Abstract: A hot top for the casting of ingots, especially large size rectangular steel ingots having a thickness of at least 28 inches and a width greater than the thickness but no greater than 36 inches. The hot top has an octagonal refractory lined cavity with the lengths of the four corner sides being substantially equal to each other and greater in length than any of the other four sides, but not greater than 1.2 times the length of the longest of the other four sides.

Abstract: The invention provides shaped, refractory, heat-insulating articles, for use in a metallurgical vessel, comprising particulate refractory material, binder and particulate de-fibred bagasse or the like. The articles may be made by mixing the ingredients, pressing them in a former and causing or allowing the binder to set. The articles may be slabs for lining the head of a mould for steel ingots.

Abstract: In a method of and apparatus for producing ingots of unalloyed and alloyed steels having an improved primary crystallization, reduced ingot segregation and a reduced content of non-metallic inclusions, molten steel is poured into a mould, a slag mixture is supplied onto said steel, energy is supplied to the slag mixture while the steel is solidifying in the mould, and the upper rim zone of the molten steel bordering on the slag mixture is cooled.

Abstract: A feeding unit comprising a breaker core and a riser sleeve. In a first embodiment the breaker core has a thickness of 10% of the diameter of the riser sleeve and the opening in the breaker core is from 20% to 35% of the riser sleeve diameter.In another embodiment of the invention the breaker core opening is tapered inwardly and downwardly in a generally v-cross sectional shape and one embodiment of the invention will have a symmetrical v-cross sectional area.

Abstract: A self adjusting consumable hot top is formed of a pair of bendable shape adjusting sections of a combustible consumable material capable of being wedged into opposed relation in an ingot mold so that the hot top conforms with the shape of the cavity in the ingot mold and when ignited by molten metal poured therein adds heat to the molten metal to maintain a pool of molten metal for filling pipes and cracks in the cooling ingot.

Abstract: Flexible hot topping liners having improved properties comprise refractory, deformable, self-supporting, fibrous liners which have, in their dry condition, flexibility, restitution and droop characteristics within certain defined ranges. In the preferred embodiment, the extensibility and compressibility properties are also maintained within defined ranges. Flexible sealing rings for sealing the joint between a headbox and an ingot mould are also disclosed.

Abstract: A mould assembly for casting molten metal which comprises a book mould, the upper parts of the walls of the upwardly open cavity of which are lined with hot top lining material and wherein extending across the width of the cavity there are one or more bridges of hot top lining material maintaining the hop top lining material along the longer walls of the cavity in contact with those longer walls.

Abstract: The use of hot tops on ingot and similar molds in which steel, steel alloys and other molten metal are teemed and cooled to a solid state is avoided and the use of topping compounds in such operations eliminated or substantially reduced by the provision of a removable and reusable cover covering the top of the mold cavity wherein the cover comprises elements combined into a single unit arranged to be set atop the mold and completely cover the metal, at least one of said elements having a heat-reflecting surface over the undersurface thereof for reflecting heat downwardly onto the metal in the mold to retard the cooling of the metal while the space or spaces between the elements provide insulation.

Abstract: A moulding for the heat retention of feeder head top surface in casting molten metals is based on a mixture consisting of charcoal and a binder, and said charcoal is laminated with directional properties in the laterial direction. If circumstances require, the moulding may contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of thermo-expansible materials, organic binders and organic fibrous materials, and further when occasion demands it may be coated with a shell containing fibrous materials and a binder.

Abstract: A hot top assembly for an ingot mould includes a number of side boards which line the walls of the mould, leaving at each corner of the mould a gap which tapers downwardly in width between the edges of two of the side boards, each of these gaps receiving a wedge member constituted by a plate which tapers downwardly in width and has at its downwardly extending edges integral margins shaped to engage both the end surfaces and the inner surfaces of the side boards. The two marginal portions of the wedge member are divided transversely into separate flanges, each extending over only part of the length of the wedge member, some of these flanges projecting forwardly from the central plate portion of the member, while the remainder project rearwardly therefrom. The two flanges or sets of flanges at each edge of the wedge member lying at such an angle to one another that they receive and locate the corresponding side board and the assembly is held firmly in position in the ingot mould.

Abstract: A retainer clip is formed from elongated rod or wire as a continuous L-shaped member having a pair of arms substantially at right angles to one another. Each arm has a resilient loop formed by bending the end portion of the arm through at least one complete turn. Each arm of the L-shaped member extends along of two sideboards in end-adjacent relationship with each other, biasing flatly against end-adjacent inner walls of the ingot mold. The end portion of each arm abuts the next adjacent sideboard orthogonally, the arm biasing parallel oppositely disposed sideboards against inner walls of the ingot mold. Each retainer clip thus thrusts one pair of sideboards, in end-adjacent relationship with each other, against coextensive inner walls of the ingot mold, and at the same time, thrusts against portions of two diagonally oppositely disposed sideboards also in end-adjacent relationship with each other.