Abstract: A radiation image reading device includes: a light scanning unit; a light detection unit. Each of a transmittance when the excitation light reflected from the surface of the recording medium is transmitted through the optical filter and a transmittance when the signal light emitted from the surface of the recording medium at an angle larger than a predetermined angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to the scan line within the detection surface is transmitted through the optical filter is smaller than a transmittance when the signal light emitted from the surface of the recording medium at an angle smaller than the predetermined angle with respect to a direction perpendicular to the scan line within the detection surface is transmitted through the optical filter.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for evaluating an image quality of an image produced by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) system. The system includes at least one test article configured to support one or more test objects within an inner volume. The test article includes an exterior shell assembly, a base assembly, a support structure.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for selecting a speaker by using smart glasses. The apparatus includes a camera configured to capture a front angle video of a user and track guest interpretation interlocutors in the captured video, smart glasses configured to display a virtual space map image including the guest interpretation interlocutors tracked through the camera, a gaze-tracking camera configured to select a target person for interpretation by tracking a gaze of the user so that a guest interpretation interlocutor displayed in the video may be selected, and an interpretation target processor configured to provide an interpretation service in connection with the target person selected through the gaze-tracking camera.

Abstract: A temperature probe for use in a chamber. The temperature probe includes a hollow standoff mounted on a floor of the chamber, and equipped with a side-hole. The temperature probe further includes a cap fixed to the top of the standoff. The bottom surface of the cap includes a coating. The temperature probe also includes a light pipe disposed perpendicularly to the standoff and a shield disposed around the light pipe. A top surface of the cap is co-planar with a bottom surface of an object whose temperature is being measured. A sensing end of the light pipe is inserted into the side-hole of the standoff. An opening in the shield allows transmission of light between the sensing end of the light pipe and the coating. The light pipe and the shield pass through a feed-through in a sidewall of the chamber.

Abstract: A gas leakage treatment method includes detecting a target gas concentration of a target gas in an environment at a corresponding position of a gas delivery pipeline in a process of moving along the gas delivery pipeline. The method further includes, if the target gas concentration is greater than a preset concentration threshold, determining that gas leakage occurs and performing a gas leakage treatment operation.

Abstract: A dosimeter for recording a level of radiation exposure, and a reader for measuring the level of radiation recorded by the dosimeter, are disclosed. In some embodiments the dosimeter comprises at least one luminescent bead coupled to a fibre. The reader comprises a means for holding the dosimeter, stimulating means for stimulating a region of the dosimeter to cause luminescence, and a light detector for measuring intensity of light produced by the at least one bead during heating. In some embodiments the reader can be configured to record readings from a dosimeter comprising a fibre without beads. A system comprising the dosimeter and reader is disclosed. Methods of using the dosimeter, reader and system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A non-invasive temperature verification system used in a TLD system, which comprises at least one thermal sensor, which is placed near each of TLD element, measuring its temperature during heating cycle. The signal data from each thermal sensor is converted to time temperature profile which is used to verify and calibrate the TLD system.

Abstract: A scintillator type radiation detector package is provided including a scintillation crystal directly coupled to the window of a photomultiplier. A scintillator package is also provided having a longer life at wellbore temperature with minimal deterioration of a hygroscopic scintillation crystal(s). Direct optical coupling of the scintillator to the photomultiplier reduces the amount of light lost at coupling interfaces and improved detection resolution over the conventional structures having separate packages for crystal and photomultiplier.

Abstract: A method for detecting radiation exposure by a smart radiation dosimeter (SRD) is described. The method comprises a step of activating a radiation sensor of the SRD by establishing a communicative coupling between the radiation and a dongle of the SRD. The method also comprises receiving, by the radiation sensor, personal identification information (PII) from the dongle, the PII identifying an individual holding the SRD. The method also comprises detecting, by the radiation sensor, a radiation level and recording, by the radiation sensor, the radiation level. The method also comprises generating, by the radiation sensor, one or more data packets that include the radiation level, the PII, a time stamp of when the radiation level was detected and location information pertaining to where the radiation level was detected; and transmitting the one or more data packets to a network device or cloud storage.

Abstract: The invention concerns an X-ray detection device comprising an X-ray sensing member and an X-ray energy filter comprising an attenuation member configured to attenuate low-energy X-rays to a greater extent than high-energy X-rays in a beam or field of X-radiation directed towards the X-ray sensing member.

Abstract: Provided are a method for measuring dose distribution in a mixed radiation field of neutrons and gamma rays, and a method for measuring beam uniformity of a mixed radiation field of neutrons and gamma rays. The planar dose measuring method includes: a step of obtaining a total dose of neutrons and gamma rays by measuring with a dosimeter; and a step of analyzing a neutron dose. The method may effectively measure the doses of neutrons and gamma rays, may be applied to beam measurement and treatment plan validation, and thus improve the quality of treatment.

Abstract: In order to provide a temperature sensor or a temperature measuring apparatus having a temperature sensor, which enables direct temperature measurement, in particular even during treatment, in particular even with HF surgical devices, it is proposed that the temperature sensor includes a sensor element with a medium which can be excited to luminescence, in particular fluorescence, and an optical waveguide which is optically connected to the sensor element and is intended to supply light to the medium at an excitation wavelength and/or to pick up and conduct light at a luminescence wavelength of the medium which can be excited to luminescence.

Abstract: A method of of preparing samples for XRF using a flux and a platinum crucible includes forming the flux into a free-standing crucible liner. This may be achieved by mixing lithium borate particles with a liquid to form a paste; placing the lithium borate paste onto the inner surface of a mould; and after drying removing from the mould and firing the lithium borate paste to dry the lithium borate to form a free-standing crucible liner. The liner may be placed within a platinum crucible and then a sample placed in the liner. The temperature of the crucible is raised to a sufficient temperature that any oxidation reaction takes place before taking the temperature above the melting temperature of the flux to melt the crucible liner and dissolve the sample into the flux. The crucible can then be cooled and XRF measurements made on the sample.

Abstract: A radiation dosimeter records absorbed radiation using a passive radiation sensor having one or more radiation-sensitive elements (RSEs) and a radiation-insensitive element (RIE). Floating gate MOSFET technology is used for both the RSEs and the RIE. A reader is connected to the sensor by means of a switching channel in order to pre-charge the sensor before exposure and to read the sensor voltage signals after exposure to radiation. The voltage signals of the RIE are used to correct for the spurious effect of voltage retention loss in the RSEs.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a surface temperature of a hot gas path component includes directing an excitation beam having an excitation wavelength at a layer of a sensor material composition deposited on a hot gas path component to induce a fluorescent radiation. The method includes measuring fluorescent radiation emitted by the sensor material composition. The fluorescent radiation includes at least a first intensity at a first wavelength and a second intensity at a second wavelength. The surface temperature of the hot gas path component is determined based on a ratio of the first intensity at the first wavelength and the second intensity at the second wavelength of the fluorescent radiation emitted by the sensor material composition.

Abstract: A UV exposure dosimetry system includes at least one UV sensor that accurately measures the UV irradiance intensity. The system can generate extrapolated UV intensity data based on measured UV intensity data to correct unreliable UV measurement due to inconsistent irradiation of UV light. The UV dosimetry system integrates the extrapolated UV intensity data over time to calculate the real-time UV dosage and the vitamin D production by taking into account factors comprising UV sensor location, body surface area, clothing coverage, and sunscreen usage. Based on the measurement, the system can predict the time remaining to skin burn and the time remaining to reach daily goal of vitamin D production. The UV dosimetry system supports multi-user control through an advanced and user friendly input and output interface.

Abstract: A skin patch sensor having a groove therein to receive a sensor without leaving any air pockets is described. The skin patch sensor also has a water or tissue equivalent material and/or, in some embodiments, a moldable water equivalent material.

Abstract: Improved methods of detecting thermal exposure are provided herein. The provided methods utilize initially dormant luminescent probes incorporated into a matrix to form a composite. When exposed to heat over a period of time, the luminescent probes are “activated” through a molecular transformation initiated by thermal energy. The activated probes exhibit a luminescent profile based on the extent of thermal exposure, thereby providing an indicator of the thermal exposure experienced by the matrix. When the composite is used to produce a structural component of a vehicle (e.g., an aircraft), the methods provide a convenient, large-area indicator of thermal damage experienced by the structural component.

Abstract: A system and method for use in mapping a radiation dose applied in an angiography imaging procedure is provided. The system can include an image acquisition system, a table in support of the patient, and a computer processor that calculates an angulation of a radiation beam to the patient in the angiography imaging procedure relative to the table; calculating an angulation of the table; calculating an intersection of the radiation beam relative to a two-dimensional grid; calculating the radiation dose applied at the intersection of the radiation beam to each of the predefined areas of the two-dimensional grid; calculating an orientation of the patient relative to the two-dimensional grid of predefined areas; and creating a graphic display illustrative of an aggregation of the radiation dose applied to each of the predefined areas of the two-dimensional grid for viewing by a user.

Abstract: A method of forming a transistor comprises forming a conducting substrate layer, forming a dielectric layer over the conducting substrate layer, forming a channel over at least a portion of the dielectric layer and forming first and second source/drain regions contacting respective first and second portions of the channel. The channel comprises a thin-film carbon material. The conducting substrate layer, the dielectric layer, the channel and the first and second source/drain regions are formed such that exposure to radiation causes a change in a threshold voltage of the transistor.

Abstract: An improved thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) system, which includes a TLD reader configured to produce data indicative of a radiation exposure, one or more dosimeters comprising a dosimeter substrate coated with a thin layer of a light-absorbing material, a light stimulation source configured to heat the dosimeter using light incident on the dosimeter coating, a light detection system to detect TL emission and an appropriately programmed computer configured to analyze data from the reader and to output data indicative of an extent of radiation exposure.

Abstract: An optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter system. An OSL reader configured to produce data indicative of a radiation exposure, one or more OSL dosimeters fabricated from a thermoluminescent material, a light stimulation source configured to stimulate the OSL dosimeter to produce luminescence emissions, and a light-detection system that measures the intensity of such luminescence emissions and converts the electrical signal to a binary string that can be processed by an appropriately programmed computer configured to analyze data from the reader and produce data indicative of an extent of radiation exposure. Dose information is obtained without requiring heating of the dosimeter. The dosimeter can be interrogated multiple times with minimal loss of dose information.

Abstract: A method of testing an earth sample and an apparatus for executing the method are disclosed herein. The method includes the steps of obtaining at least one earth sample. The method also includes the steps of detecting one or more counts of decay from the at least one earth sample. The detected count is at at least one level of radiation decay energy from among a plurality of possible levels of radiation decay energy associated with decay daughters of Radium 226 and/or 228. The method also includes the steps of deriving a level of radiation emission activity of the at least one earth sample based on the one or more counts of decay detected in said detecting step.

Abstract: A scintillator device includes an optically clear substrate, a scintillator plastic layer overlying the optically clear substrate, and an optically clear polymer layer between the optically clear substrate and the scintillator plastic layer. The optically clear polymer layer can mechanically and optically couple the scintillator plastic layer to the optically clear substrate. Further, the clear polymer layer can be configured to substantially reduce the formation of cracks in the scintillator plastic layer due to thermal expansion, thermal contraction, or a combination thereof, of the scintillator device.

Abstract: An improved thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) system, which includes a TLD reader configured to produce data indicative of a radiation exposure, one or more dosimeters comprising a dosimeter substrate coated with a thin layer of a light-absorbing material, a light stimulation source configured to heat the dosimeter using light incident on the dosimeter coating, a light detection system to detect TL emission and an appropriately programmed computer configured to analyze data from the reader and to output data indicative of an extent of radiation exposure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for detection of ionizing radiation and its sources whereby living biosensors are spread-out over a terrain to be examined and which are able by the ionizing radiation to stimulate the production of fluorescent substances whereby their fluorescent radiation is detected from the distance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radiation detector suitable for use in connection with particle therapy applications. The detector comprises at least one set of scintillating optical guides which upon exposure to incident radiation generate scintillating light. The optical guides are arranged in an array, such as in a so-called harp configuration, for detecting a transversal radiation beam profile. The scintillating optical guides are provided in a glass-based material doped with a rare earth dopant. Of particular interest are the rare earth materials: Ytterbium, Holmium, Thulium and Erbium.

Abstract: Non-rigidly coupled, overlapping, non-feedback optical systems for spatial filtering of Fourier transform optical patterns and image shape characterization comprises a first optical subsystem that includes a lens for focusing a polarized, coherent beam to a focal point, an image input device that spatially modulates phase positioned between the lens and the focal point, and a spatial filter at the Fourier transform pattern, and a second optical subsystem overlapping the first optical subsystem includes a projection lens and a detector. The second optical subsystem is optically coupled to the first optical subsystem.

Abstract: This invention provides phosphor-doped fluoroperovskite compounds that are capable of storing at least part of the energy of incident ionizing radiation and releasing at least part of the stored energy upon optical stimulation or heating. Also provided are dosimeters and radiation storage devices comprising the compounds, methods of preparing the compounds, and methods of using the compounds to determine a dose of ionizing radiation or to record and reproduce an ionizing radiation image.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for thermally protecting a scintillator crystal of a scintillation detector are provided. In one example, a thermally-protected scintillator may include a scintillator crystal and a thermal protection element, which may partially surround the scintillator crystal. The thermal protection element may be configured to prevent the scintillator crystal from experiencing a rate of change in temperature sufficient to cause cracking or non-uniform light output, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a procedure for detection of ionizing radiation and its sources whereby living biosensors are spread-out over a terrain to be examined and which are able by the ionizing radiation to stimulate the production of fluorescent substances whereby their fluorescent radiation is detected from the distance. The fluorescence is stimulated from an airborne platform, especially by means of a LIDAR system (light detection and ranging) and additionally, if required, stimulated and detected by a terrestrial platform. The procedure according to the present invention is suitable for example to detect, radiological bombs, atomic explosives and highly enriched uranium or to detect discharged armour-piercing projectiles of depleted uranium (DU) in the environment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a thermoluminescent dosimeter for radiation monitoring, comprising LiF doped with Mg, Cu and Si, and a fabrication method thereof. The LiF:Mg,Cu,Si thermoluminescent dosimeter is fabricated by heating a LiF-based thermoluminescent powder material having a composition of LiF mother material, 0.1-0.5 mol % of a Mg compound, 0.001-0.05 mol % of a Cu compound and 0.5-1.3 mol % of a Si compound to a temperature of 900-1200° C. to melt the LiF-based material, cooling the melted material, compression-molding the cooled material, sintering the molded material, cooling the sintered material, and then annealing the cooled material. The thermoluminescent dosimeter has high thermal stability and thus maintains constant thermoluminescence sensitivity even when it is annealed at a high temperature of more than 240° C.

Abstract: A TLD reader system has a laser diode that heats a thermoluminescent material causing a hemispherical photon emission that is collected by a ball lens. A filter ensures the ball lens receives and collects a predetermined transmittance value of the photons emitted within a predetermined range of wavelength. The ball lens sends the collected photons via a fiber-optic connection to a detection module. An infrared sensor senses the temperature and monitors the heating profile of the thermoluminescent material. A computer-controlled feedback loop maintains a constant output power from the laser diode.

Abstract: A single electrode electrochemical/electrospray ionization source using a corona discharge and a method of analyzing a sample using a corona discharge single electrode electrochemical/electrospray ionization source are provided. In the corona discharge single electrode electrochemical/electrospray ionization technique electrons are removed from the metal tip of the device through gases present in the electrospray ion source resulting in electrochemical ionization of the sample of interest. The resulting odd electron sample cation (positive ion mode) or anion (negative ion mode) can then be analyzed by an appropriate technique, such as, for example, a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A temperature sensing component enables accurate in situ temperature measurement. The temperature sensing component is disposed within the process chamber. The temperature sensing component has a cavity, in which a transparent cover is disposed over an opening of the cavity. A material is disposed within the cavity of the temperature sensing component, and a sensor is configured to sense a phase change of the material through the transparent cover.

Abstract: A radiation detection device, system and method is disclosed. A radiation detection badge in accordance with the invention comprises a radiation detection unit placed within a sealed thermoplastic package, wherein the thermoplastic package has a geometric feature that constrains the radiation detection unit to an orientation within the package. A radiation detection badge according to the present invention includes radiation detection units in a plurality of cup structures, sealed them with a plurality of corresponding lid structures. Further, a method of tracking radiation exposure of one or more batches of users is provided.

Abstract: A thermoluminescent reader module having a hardened, durable construction has a casing which houses a filter, a ball lens and detection module. After a thermoluminscent material is heated by a laser diode, the ball lens collects the hemispherical photon emissions. The filter is positioned at the front of the casing to ensure the ball lens receives a predetermined transmittance value of the photons emitted from the thermoluminescent material within a predetermined range of wavelength. The ball lens sends the collected photons via a fiber-optic connection to the detection module. The detection module is connected to a CPU for purposes of processing the detected information. The filter, ball lens and detection module are securely attached and mounted within the interior of the casing.

Abstract: The present invention is related to an apparatus and method for irradiating a product package, comprising a radiation source directing a radiation beam along a beam direction towards said product package, conveying means for transporting said product package past said radiation source along a transport path, and reflecting means located on at least one side of the plane formed by said beam direction and said transport path. By adjusting the distance and angle of the reflecting means to the conveyor and beam, and improved dose uniformity ratio is obtained.

Abstract: A device for performing thermoluminescent dosimetry and a method for making the same is disclosed. A thermoluminescent dosimetry device in accordance with the invention comprises a chip holder for holding thermoluminescent chips in free-space, such that the thermoluminescent chips are capable of being directly addressed after exposure to radiation. The chips are preferably suspended in free-space through support structures which minimize the contact with the thermoluminescent chips. A radiation detection device is preferably fabricated by placing the chip holder and a filter in a cup and thermally scaling a lid to edges of the cup.

Abstract: A dosimetry method exposes more than one thermoluminescence crystals to radiation without using conventional filters, and reads the energy stored in the crystals by converting the energy to light in a conventional manner, and then filters each crystal output in a different portion of the spectrum generated by the crystals.

Abstract: In an apparatus for reading codes of a thermoluminescence detector, a housing including an optical unit is disposed on a base together with a disc-like magazine, which is rotatably supported adjacent the housing and provided with an annular array of recesses receiving the thermoluminescence detectors to be examined. The housing has a side opening through which the magazine extends into the housing, in which a light source is disposed for the homogeneous illumination of the thermoluminescence detectors from one side thereof, A CCD camera is disposed in the housing at the other side of the magazine for recording the illuminescence generated by the detectors when exposed to the light from the light source for determining the radiation exposure of thermoluminescence detectors.

Abstract: In an apparatus for reading codes of a thermoluminescence detector, a housing including an optical unit is disposed on a base together with a disc-like magazine, which is rotatably supported adjacent the housing and provided with an annular array of recesses receiving the thermoluminescence detectors to be examined. The housing has a side opening through which the magazine extends into the housing, in which a light source is disposed for the homogeneous illumination of the thermoluminescence detectors from one side thereof, A CCD camera is disposed in the housing at the other side of the magazine for recording the illuminescence generated by the detectors when exposed to the light from the light source for determining the radiation exposure of thermoluminescence detectors.

Abstract: The invention includes a temporal dosimeter. One dosimeter embodiment includes a housing that is opaque to visible light but transparent to ionizing radiation. The dosimeter also includes a sensor for recording dosages of ionizing radiation, a drive mechanism, a power source, and rotatable shields that work together to produce a compound aperture to unveil different portions of the sensor at different times to ionizing radiation. Another dosimeter embodiment includes a housing, a sensor, a shield with an aperture portion, and a linear actuator drive mechanism coupled to the sensor for moving the sensor past the aperture portion. The sensor turns as it moves past the aperture, tracing a timeline record of exposure to ionizing radiation along a helical path on the sensor.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a dose of penetrating radiation absorbed by an object, including the steps of providing the object with a device for absorbing penetrating radiation, including a storage phosphor for storing energy from the penetrating radiation; at predetermined intervals, coupling the storage phosphor to a source of stimulation light in such a way that the stimulation light impinges on the phosphor; activating the source of stimulation light so as to cause the storage phosphor to emit an amount of fluorescent light in proportion to an amount of stored energy; reading the amount of fluorescent light and converting it into an electric signal value; storing electric signal value(s) obtained at the predetermined intervals and processing them so as to evaluate a total amount of radiation absorbed by the object; comparing the total amount with a predefined threshold value for obtaining a difference value; and displaying the difference value on a decentralized display.

Abstract: An X-gamma dosimeter responsive to low energy values includes X and gamma radiation detectors responding differently in relation to the dose absorbed at low energy. One detector overestimates the dose absorbed with regard to human tissues, while the other detector underestimates the absorbed dose. An electronic processor combines signals supplied by both detectors, the combination being optimized so as to report accurately the dosimetric quantity within a large energy range.

Abstract: An insulated gate field effect transistor dosimeter has a source and drain defining a channel region, a floating gate having a first portion extending over the channel region, and a second, larger portion extending away from said region, a control gate having at least a portion thereof overlapping a first part of the floating gate, and a charging gate overlapping a second part of the floating gate. The area of the second part of the floating gate is much smaller than the area of the first part, and the charging gate is separated from the channel region by the control gate. The dosimeter is charged, before irradiation, by connecting the source, drain and control gate to a common ground and applying a potential difference between the charging gate and the common ground. The charge is supplied to the floating gate by a path which does not require a significant electric stress to be created in the region of the gate oxide and the channel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dosimeter badge that includes body locator indicia consisting of an icon representing a portion of a human body and indicia, such as a dot, associated therewith to indicate where, on the body, the badge should be worn. This information as to the desired location wherein the badge has been or will be worn is included in the identifying indicia printed on the dosimeter badge. A preferred form of dosimeter badge includes a flat member separated into panels along fold lines.

Abstract: In a dosimeter probe comprising a housing having two straps and including a cylindrical recess with a central extension a disc-like enclosure with an annular projection forming a circular cavity is disposed and a thermoluminescence detector is received in the cavity. At the open end of the cylindrical recess, the housing has an inwardly projecting annular flange structure which retains the enclosure in the recess and the enclosure is chamfered at the circumference of its disc portion for centering the enclosure with respect to the housing and facilitating insertion into the housing with a fit which provides for light-tight engagement between the enclosure and the housing walls.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring radiation doses based upon thermoluminescence which occurs when a thermoluminescence element is heated by a heat source after having been exposed to radiation. A heat energy sensor is provided for the heat source for detecting the heat energy output from the heat source toward the element. Based on the detected heat energy, the temperature of the element is calculated. The calculated temperature is used to determined if remedial action is necessary. For instance, the calculated temperature may be compared with a predetermined optimum heating temperature. If the calculated temperature deviates from the predetermined optimum heating temperature, responsive action is taken. An increase rate of the calculated temperature may also be calculated. The calculated increase rate would be compared with a predetermined heating rate.

Abstract: A label is provided, comprising a means wherein penetrating radiation leaves a human- or machine-readable semi-permanent or permanent mark. Preferably said means is a storage phosphor. A method for using such a label for checking if an articles has been inspected by penetrating radiation and a method for using such a label as personal monitoring are also provided.