Abstract: The present invention provides autoradiography methods and systems for imaging via the detection of alpha particles, beta particles, or other charged particles. Embodiments of the methods and systems provide high-resolution 3D imaging of the distribution of a radioactive probe, such as a radiopharmaceutical, on a tissue sample. Embodiments of the present methods and systems provide imaging of tissue samples by reconstruction of a 3D distribution of a source of particles, such as a radiopharmaceutical. Embodiments of the methods and systems provide tomographic methods including microtomography, macrotomography, cryomicrotomography and cryomacrotomography.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for performing operations including: accessing a current structural estimate of a region of interest; generating a first simulated X-ray measurement based on the current structural estimate of the region of interest; receiving a first real X-ray measurement; and generating an update to the current structural estimate of the region of interest as a function of the first simulated X-ray measurement and the first real X-ray measurement, the update being generated invariant on the current structural estimate.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system compresses CT reconstruction images and can include: receiving a volumetric density file including one or more voxels; replacing one or more voxel density values below an air density value with the air density value; replacing one or more voxel density values above a material density value with the material density value; determining one or more voxels of interest; replacing one or more non-interesting voxel density values below a material surface density with the air density value; replacing one or more non-interesting voxel density values above the material surface density with the material density value; quantizing all voxels to provide a reduced volume image; and compressing the reduced volume image to provide a compressed volume image.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring body parts of a patient simultaneously by means of high-resolution and high-sensitivity detection techniques which detect radiation emitted by a tracer. It is an object of the present invention a device for the enhanced determination of a fine location of at least one tracer within a body part of a patient which comprises a first pair of high-resolution detectors opposing detectors, and a second pair of high-sensitivity detectors and movable opposing detectors, and the device being configured to determine based on signals from the first pair of opposing detectors, position the second pair of opposing detectors based on the coarse location, and determining a fine location of the tracer based on signals from the second pair of opposing detectors, allowing to determine the location of a tracer with high spatial resolution and high sensitivity.

Abstract: Systems and methods to estimated mean randoms include acquisition of list mode data describing true coincidences and delay coincidences detected by a positron emission tomography scanner during a scan of an object, determination, for each crystal of the positron emission tomography scanner and for each of a plurality of time periods of the scan, of delay coincidences including the crystal based on the list mode data, determination, each crystal, of determine a singles rate associated with each time period based on the delay coincidences determined for the crystal over the time period, determination, for each time period, of determine estimated mean randoms for each of a plurality of pairs of the crystals based on the singles rate associated with the time period for each crystal of the crystal pair, and reconstruction of an image of the object based on the estimated mean randoms for each time period and the detected true coincidences.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes a wiring board, a first image sensor, a second image sensor, a first fiber optic plate, a second fiber optic plate, and a scintillator layer. The first fiber optic plate can guide light between a first light entering region and a first light exiting region. The second fiber optic plate can guide light between a second light entering region and a second light exiting region. One side of the first light entering region and one side of the second light entering region are in contact with each other. The first light exiting region is positioned on a first light receiving region. The second light exiting region is positioned on a second light receiving region. One side surface of a first side surface and one side surface of a second side surface exhibit shapes along each other and in contact with each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Compton imaging apparatus and a single photon emission and positron emission tomography system comprising the Compton imaging apparatus and, more specifically, to a Compton imaging apparatus based on a single scintillator and a single photon emission and positron emission tomography system including the Compton imaging apparatus. The Compton imaging apparatus according to the present invention may reconstruct a Compton image based on the single scintillator composed of a plurality of scintillation cells. Thus, the Compton imaging apparatus of the present invention is cheaper than any other Compton imaging apparatuses and has an excellent time resolution such that the Compton imaging apparatus can be used even in a high-radiation area. Also, the single photon emission and positron emission tomography system using the Compton imaging apparatus can improve radiation detection efficiency and an image resolution, to thereby improve image quality.

Abstract: Gamma cameras may be used to obtain two-dimensional images of an emitting object, of which the most common form is the “Anger-type” gamma camera. The primary components in a conventional Anger-type gamma camera include, but are not limited to: a plurality of photo-multiplier tubes, a scintillator material, and a collimator. The disclosed invention claims a novel use of a gamma camera which eliminates the collimator. The new method is a method of forming an initial image from the incident radiation, which does not depend on any mechanical or other means of restricting the incident radiation to be passed on to a position-sensitive radiation detector. This method then uses mathematical deconvolution to produce an image of the object without the need for a collimator and without reliance on a pre-existing image.

Abstract: A method of minimizing a patient's exposure to CT scan radiation during the mu-map generation process in a long axial field of view (FOV) PET scan includes performing a long axial FOV PET scan on a patient; performing one or multiple truncated FOV CT scan of a region in the patient's body in which the organs of interest lies; generating a truncated mu-map covering the truncated CT FOV; and generating a mu-map for the whole long axial FOV of the PET scan by extending the truncated mu-map generated from the truncated FOV CT scan by estimating the missing mu-map data using the PET data.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, system, and computer product for monitoring emission data transmitted over a network. A computer system collects emission data received from sensor devices over the network. The computer system compares the emission data to a set of thresholds for the emission data to form a comparison between the emission data and the set of thresholds. The computer system changes a collection of additional emission data from the sensor devices over the network based on the comparison between the emission data and the set of thresholds.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and systems for reducing artefacts in image reconstruction employed in tomographic imaging including Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computer Assisted Tomography (CAT) or (CT). The method is carried out entirely or in part by a computer or computerised system communicatively coupled to a detector arrangement which comprises a plurality of detector elements, wherein the detector elements are configured to detect photons associated with an object during PET and CAT screening processes in at least medical and mining applications.

Abstract: A method for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging may include obtaining photon information of photons that are emitted from an object and detected by detector units of a detector of a PET scanner. The method may also include obtaining, based on the photon information and lines of response (LORs), more than one coincidence window width value of the PET scanner. The method may also include determining coincidence events of the photons based on the more than one coincidence window width value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a medical imaging system having a detector array. In one example, the detector array may include a plurality of adjustable imaging detectors arranged in subsets thereof, each of the plurality of adjustable imaging detectors including a detector unit, each detector unit having a plurality of rows of detector modules, wherein the plurality of adjustable imaging detectors may be arranged on an annular gantry, where an inner surface of the annular gantry may circumscribe a substantially rectangular aperture therethrough, and wherein each subset of the plurality of adjustable imaging detectors may be respectively disposed on a side of the inner surface and may extend within the substantially rectangular aperture.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and devices for the acquisition of positron emission (or PET) data in the presence of ionizing radiation that causes afterglow of PET detectors. In one variation, the method comprises adjusting a coincidence trigger threshold of the PET detectors during a therapy session. In one variation, the method comprises adjusting a gain factor used in positron emission data acquisition (e.g., a gain factor used to multiply and/or shift the output(s) of a PET detector(s)) during a therapy session. In some variations, a method for acquiring positron emission data during a radiation therapy session comprises suspending communication between the PET detectors and a signal processor of a controller for a predetermined period of time after a radiation pulse has been emitted by the linac.

Abstract: A method for generating transmission information in a time-of-flight positron emission tomography (PET) scanner having a patient tunnel and a plurality of PET detector rings. The PET scanner uses continuous bed motion to move a patient bed and patient through the patient tunnel. The patient receives a positron-emitting radioisotope dose prior to undergoing a PET scan. The method includes storing a positron-emitting radioisotope in a radiation shielded container. The method also includes moving the radioisotope into a stationary vessel located adjacent to the PET detectors and within a field of view of the PET scanner at substantially the same time that the patient receives the radioisotope dose to form a stationary transmission source wherein transmission information is generated while the bed undergoes continuous bed motion. Further, the method includes withdrawing the radioisotope from the vessel when the PET scan is complete and storing the radioisotope in the container.

Abstract: A positron emission tomography (PET) scanner may include a plurality of gamma radiation detector modules arranged to form a detector ring. Each detector module may include an array of elongated scintillation crystals. With respect to the detector ring, each elongated scintillation crystal includes a proximal end-face, two axially oriented lateral faces, two transaxially oriented lateral faces, and a distal end-face radially oriented into the detector ring to receive a gamma photon. An array of photosensors is positioned along a first of the axially oriented lateral faces of each elongated scintillation crystal to detect scintillation photons. A reflective material is positioned on the proximal end-face, the distal end-face, the transaxially oriented lateral faces, and a second of the axially oriented lateral faces of each elongated scintillation crystal to internally reflect scintillation photons.

Abstract: A guided pairing method includes generating a singles list by detecting a plurality of singles at a plurality of detector elements in a detector array, the plurality of singles falling within a plurality of detection windows; for each detection window of the plurality of detection windows in the singles list having exactly two singles of the plurality of singles, determining the line of responses (LORs) for each of the two singles of the plurality of singles; for each detection window of the plurality of detection windows in the singles list having more than two singles of the plurality of singles, determining all coincidences possible based on the more than two singles; generating a weight for said each coincidence of the coincidences based on the determined LORs for said each of the two singles of the plurality of singles; and pairing the more than two singles based on the generated weight for said each coincidence of the coincidences.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to detecting and registering unrecognized or unregistered objects. A minimum viable range (MVR) may be derived based on inspecting image data that represents objects. The MVR may be determined to be a certain MVR or an uncertain MVR according to one or more features represented in the image data. The MVR may be used to register corresponding objects according to the certain or uncertain determination.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for scanning a region of interest (ROI) by a gamma detector. An exemplary method includes determining, for each of multiple detector configurations, a respective weight based on an absorption profile, associating each of a plurality of portions of the ROI with a respective gamma attenuation value; and detecting gamma radiation from multiple detector configurations for time periods allocated among the detector configurations based on the weights determined.

Abstract: An imaging system is disclosed. The imaging system is operable to acquire and/or generate image data at positions relative to a subject. The imaging system includes a drive system configured to move the imaging system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for performing operations including: accessing a current structural estimate of a region of interest; generating a first simulated X-ray measurement based on the current structural estimate of the region of interest; receiving a first real X-ray measurement; and generating an update to the current structural estimate of the region of interest as a function of the first simulated X-ray measurement and the first real X-ray measurement, the update being generated invariant on the current structural estimate.

Abstract: A surgical visualization system that can include a structured light emitter, a spectral light emitter, an image sensor, and a control circuit is disclosed herein. The structured light emitter can emit a structured pattern of electromagnetic radiation onto an anatomical structure. The spectral light emitter can emit electromagnetic radiation including a plurality of wavelengths. At least one of the wavelengths can penetrate a portion of the anatomical structure and reflect off a subject tissue. The image sensor can detect the structured pattern of electromagnetic radiation reflected off the anatomical structure and the at least one wavelength reflected off the subject tissue. The control circuit can receive signals from the image sensor, construct a model of the anatomical structure, detect a location of the subject tissue, and determine a margin about the subject tissue, based on at least one signal received from the image sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for increasing luminescence uniformity and reducing afterglow of a Ce-doped gadolinium-aluminum-gallium garnet structure scintillation crystal, a crystal material and a detector. Sc ions are doped into the crystal material, and the Sc ions occupy at least an octahedral site. The effective segregation coefficient of active Ce ions is increased by a radius compensation effect of Sc—Ce ions and adjustment of lattice parameters, thereby the luminescence uniformity of the crystal is increased and the energy resolution is optimized; and at the same time, the potential barrier for Gd ions entering the octahedral site is increased, thereby the probability of the Gd ions entering the octahedral site is reduced, the density of point defects in the crystal is decreased, and the afterglow intensity is reduced. A general formula of the Ce-doped gadolinium-aluminum-gallium garnet structure scintillation crystal is {Gd1-x-y-pScxCeyMep}3[Al1-q]5O12, 0<x?0.1, 0<y<0.02, 0?p?0.

Abstract: A single photon counting sensor array includes one or more emitters configured to emit a plurality of pulses of energy, and a detector array comprising a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes one or more detectors, a plurality of which are configured to receive reflected pulses of energy that were emitted by the one or more emitters. A mask material is positioned to cover some but not all of the detectors of the plurality of pixels to yield blocked pixels and unblocked pixels so that each blocked pixel is prevented from detecting the reflected pulses of energy and therefore only detects intrinsic noise.

Abstract: A method of normalizing detector elements in an imaging system is described herein. The method includes a line source that is easier to handle for a user, and decouples the normalization of the detector elements into a transaxial domain and an axial domain in order to isolate errors due to positioning of the line source. Additional simulations are performed to augment the real scanner normalization. A simulation of a simulated line source closely matching the real line source can be performed to isolate errors due to physical properties of the crystals and position of the crystals in the system, wherein the simulated detector crystals are otherwise modeled uniformly. A simulation of a simulated cylinder source can be performed to determine errors due to other effects stemming from gaps between the detector crystals.

Abstract: A device (10) for performing an amyloid assessment includes a radiation detector assembly (12) including at least one radiation detector (14). At least one electronic processor (20) is programmed to: detect radiation counts over a data acquisition time interval using the radiation detector assembly; compute at least one current count metric from the detected radiation counts; store the at least one current count metric associated with a current test date in a non-transitory storage medium (26); and determine an amyloid metric based on a comparison of the at least one current count metric with a count metric stored in the non-transitory storage medium associated with an earlier test date.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a computed tomography (CT) imaging device (10) (optionally a spectral CT), an electronic processor (16, 50), and a non-transitory storage medium (18, 52) storing a neural network (40) trained on simulated imaging data (74) generated by Monte Carlo simulation (60) including simulation of at least one scattering mechanism (66) to convert CT imaging data to a scatter estimate in projection space or to convert an uncorrected reconstructed CT image to a scatter estimate in image space. The storage medium further stores instructions readable and executable by the electronic processor to reconstruct CT imaging data (12, 14) acquired by the CT imaging device to generate a scatter-corrected reconstructed CT image (42). This includes generating a scatter estimate (92, 112, 132, 162, 182) by applying the neural network to the acquired CT imaging data or to an uncorrected CT image (178) reconstructed from the acquired CT imaging data.

Abstract: An intelligent vital microscopy, IVM, device is described. The IVM device includes: a receiver configured to receive at least one IVM image of a human microcirculation, MC, of an organ surface; a learning processor coupled to the receiver and configured to: process the at least one IVM image and extract at least one MC variable therefrom, and identify from the extracted at least one MC variable of the at least one IVM image at least one of: an underlying cause for an observed abnormality, an intervention, a disease state, a disease diagnosis, a medical state of the human; a presence of a pathogen; and an output coupled to the learning processor and configured to output the identification.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques to enable a mobile device to determine a Z-axis coordinate based on altitudes associated with Wi-Fi access points detected in a Wi-Fi scan by the mobile device. One embodiment provides for an electronic device configured to compute a weighted average of Z-axis coordinates associated with detected Wi-Fi access points and determine a Z-axis coordinate for the electronic device based on the weighted average.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method and system compresses CT reconstruction images and can include: receiving a volumetric density file including one or more voxels; replacing one or more voxel density values below an air density value with the air density value; replacing one or more voxel density values above a material density value with the material density value; determining one or more voxels of interest; replacing one or more non-interesting voxel density values below a material surface density with the air density value; replacing one or more non-interesting voxel density values above the material surface density with the material density value; quantizing all voxels to provide a reduced volume image; and compressing the reduced volume image to provide a compressed volume image.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to an imaging apparatus for computed tomography imaging spectroscopy, which has circuitry configured to: obtain object image data being representative of light stemming from an object and being subject to an optical path and to a multiplexing process caused by a diffraction grating; and perform a spectral density reconstruction from an image of the object by inputting the obtained object image data into an spectral density reconstruction algorithm being configured to numerically solve a first equation describing the transformation of the light stemming from the object caused by the optical path into the object image based on a reduction of a dimensionality of a first function indicative of the optical path based on a symmetry of the first function, thereby reconstructing the spectral density of the object.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for modelling an electrochemical process is disclosed, the electrochemical process comprising treating a surface of an object in a container containing an electrolyte, the method comprising following steps: enclosing the object by a control surface; generating a mesh on the control surface; generating a mesh on the object; generating a mesh on the container walls, anode surfaces and electrolyte meniscus; generating a mesh of the electrolyte contained within the control surface; generating a mesh of the electrolyte surrounding the control surface and determining approximate and/or analytical solutions of partial differential equations describing said electrochemical process in each element of the mesh of the control surface and/or of the electrolyte.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a gamma camera system, including: a stand, a rotatable gantry supported by the stand, and a transformable gamma camera connected by mechanical supports to the rotatable gantry and comprising groups of tiled arrays of gamma detectors and a collimator for each group of tiled arrays of gamma detectors; the transformable gamma camera being configured to subdivide into a plurality of subdivided gamma cameras, each of the subdivided gamma cameras having at least one of the groups of tiled arrays of gamma detectors and corresponding collimator, wherein the subdivision into a plurality of subdivided gamma cameras facilitates contouring with a region of interest for a spatial resolution. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: Various aspects include methods compensating for Compton scattering effects in pixel radiation detectors. Various aspects may include determining whether gamma ray detection events occurred in two or more detector pixels within an event frame, determining whether the gamma ray detection events occurred in detector pixels within a threshold distance of each other in response to determining that gamma ray detection events occurred in two or more detector pixels within the event frame, and recording the two or more gamma ray detection events as a single gamma ray detection event having an energy equal to the sum of measured energies of the two or more gamma ray detection events located in a detector pixel having a highest measured energy in response to determining that the gamma ray detection events occurred in detector pixels within the threshold distance of each other.

Abstract: Described are methods and systems for scanning at least a portion of a patient with a gamma detector mounted on an arm extending towards the patient. One described method includes: obtaining data indicative or coordinates of points on the outer surface of the patient; determining a target position for the gamma detector based on the data indicative, of the coordinates; and causing the gamma detector to detect gamma radiation from the patient when the gamma detector is at the target position.

Abstract: A whole body PET and CT combined detector and device, comprising a CT scanner frame (4) and a PET detection chamber (5) at the front and the rear along a common central axis. The CT scanner frame (4) is provided with a housing and also has a cylindrical CT scanning channel vertical to the central axis; the PET detection chamber (5) is formed by a plurality of PET detection modules (6, 7) adjacent to each other, and PET detection crystals (10) are all arranged in a direction towards to the chamber, the PET detection chamber (5) is entirely closed or a first opening is formed at the side adjacent to the CT scanner frame (4); each of the PET detection modules (6, 7) is composed of the PET detection crystals (10), a photoelectric sensor array (8), and a light guide (9); and except for the first opening, the cross-sectional areas of all gaps of the PET detection chamber (5) are smaller than the detected surface area of the smallest one of the PET detection crystals (10).

Abstract: Embodiments provide a computer-implemented method of deriving a periodic motion signal from imaging data for continuous bed motion acquisition, including: acquiring a time series of three dimensional image volumes; estimating a first motion signal through a measurement of distribution of each three dimensional image volume; dividing the time-series of three dimensional image volumes into a plurality of axial sections overlapping each other by a predetermined amount; performing a spectral analysis on each axial section to locate a plurality of three dimensional image volumes which are subject to a periodic motion; performing a phase optimization on each axial section to obtain a three dimensional mask; estimating a second motion signal through the three dimensional mask and the time-series of three dimensional image volumes; and estimating a final motion signal based on the first motion signal and the second motion signal.

Abstract: Among other things, one or more systems and/or techniques for visually augmenting regions within images are provided herein. An image of an object, such as a bag, is segmented to identify an item (e.g., a metal gun barrel). Features of the item are extracted from voxels representing the item within the image (e.g., voxels within a first region), such as a size, shape, density, and orientation of the item. Response to the features of the item matching predefined features of a target item to detect, one or more additional regions are identified, such as a second region proximate to the first region based upon a location of the second region corresponding to where a connected part of the item (e.g., a plastic handle of the gun) is predicted to be located. The one or more regions are visually distinguished within the image from other regions (e.g., colored, highlighted, etc.).

Abstract: Provided is a CZT semiconductor activity meter and an activity measuring device, which relate to the field of medical apparatus and instruments. The CZT semiconductor activity meter includes a shell, a CZT probe, a package substrate and a processing module, wherein the CZT probe is arranged on an end of the shell, the package substrate is arranged at the middle part of the shell and abuts against an inner wall of the shell, the CZT probe is connected to one side of the package substrate, the other side of the package substrate and the inner wall of the shell together form a package inner cavity, and the processing module is accommodated in the package inner cavity and connected to the package substrate. The CZT semiconductor activity meter has a small volume, is convenient to operate, does not require manual control during detection, and can be used at room temperature.

Abstract: A system may transform sensor data from a sensor domain to an image domain using data-driven manifold learning techniques which may, for example, be implemented using neural networks. The sensor data may be generated by an image sensor, which may be part of an imaging system. Fully connected layers of a neural network in the system may be applied to the sensor data to apply an activation function to the sensor data. The activation function may be a hyperbolic tangent activation function. Convolutional layers may then be applied that convolve the output of the fully connected layers for high level feature extraction. An output layer may be applied to the output of the convolutional layers to deconvolve the output and produce image data in the image domain.

Abstract: A nuclear medicine (NM) multi-head imaging system is provided that includes a gantry, plural detector units mounted to the gantry, and at least one processor operably coupled to at least one of the detector units. The detector units are mounted to the gantry. Each detector unit defines a detector unit position and corresponding view oriented toward a center of the bore. Each detector unit is configured to acquire imaging information over a sweep range corresponding to the corresponding view. The at least one processor is configured to, for each detector unit, determine plural angular positions along the sweep range corresponding to boundaries of the object to be imaged, generate a representation of each angular position for each detector unit position, generate a model based on the angular positions using the representation, and determine scan parameters to be used to image the object using the model.

Abstract: A leakage voltage detection system can be easily mounted on a ground structure such as an existing street light or a traffic light and can detect a leakage voltage of an electric structure in real time. The leakage voltage detection system includes a sensor node mounted on a ground structure, and an equipment management server that determines a risk of a leakage voltage in the ground structure based on detection voltage information from the sensor node. The sensor node includes an electric field probe that measures a potential difference caused by an electric field detected by electrodes, and a sensor box that detects the potential difference between the electrodes of the electric field probe and transmits the potential difference to the equipment management server as a detection voltage.

Abstract: Gamma cameras may be used to obtain two-dimensional images of an emitting object, of which the most common form is the “Anger-type” gamma camera. The primary components in a conventional Anger-type gamma camera include, but are not limited to: a plurality of photo-multiplier tubes, a scintillator material, and a collimator. The disclosed invention claims a novel use of a gamma camera which eliminates the collimator. The new method is a method of forming an initial image from the incident radiation, which does not depend on any mechanical or other means of restricting the incident radiation to be passed on to a position-sensitive radiation detector. This method then uses mathematical deconvolution to produce an image of the object without the need for a collimator and without reliance on a pre-existing image.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for scanning a region of interest (ROI) by a gamma detector. An exemplary method includes determining, for each of multiple detector configurations, a respective weight based on an absorption profile, associating each of a plurality of portions of the ROI with a respective gamma attenuation value; and detecting gamma radiation from multiple detector configurations for time periods allocated among the detector configurations based on the weights determined.

Abstract: A method for image reconstruction from plural copies, the method including receiving a series of measured projections pi of a target object h and associated background; iteratively reconstructing images hi(k) of the target object and images gi(k) of the background of the target object for each member i of the series of the measured projections pi over plural iterations k; and generating a final image of the target object h, based on the reconstructed images hi, when a set condition is met. The index i describes how many elements are in the series of projections pi, and iteration k indicates how many times the reconstruction of the image target is performed.

Abstract: An exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for generating an image(s) of a portion(s) of a patient(s) can be provided, which can include, for example, receiving first information associated with a combination of positron emission tomography (PET) information and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) information, generating second information by applying a convolutional neural network(s) (CNN) to the first information, and generating the image(s) based on the second information. The PET information can be fluorodeoxyglucose PET information. The CNN(s) can include a plurality of convolution layers and a plurality of parametric activation functions. The parametric activation functions can include, e.g., a plurality of parametric rectified linear units. Each of the convolution layers can include, e.g., a plurality of filter kernels. The PET information can be reconstructed using a maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) procedure to generate a MLE image.

Abstract: A three-dimensional volume modeling method may include rotating a three-dimensional biological object having a translucent outer surface to different angular positions, capturing different two-dimensional images of the three-dimensional biological object, each of the different two-dimensional images being at a different angular position, and modeling an exterior of the three-dimensional biological object based upon the different two-dimensional images. The method may further involve identifying a point of an internal structure of the three-dimensional biological object each of the two-dimensional images and modeling the internal structure of the three-dimensional biological object in three-dimensional space relative to the exterior of the three-dimensional biological object by triangulating the point amongst the different two-dimensional images using a three-dimensional volumetric template of the three-dimensional biological object.

Abstract: A multi-modality imaging system allows for selectable photoelectric effect and/or Compton effect detection. The camera or detector is a module with a catcher detector. Depending on the use or design, a scatter detector and/or a coded physical aperture are positioned in front of the catcher detector relative to the patient space. For low energies, emissions passing through the scatter detector continue through the coded aperture to be detected by the catcher detector using the photoelectric effect. Alternatively, the scatter detector is not provided. For higher energies, some emissions scatter at the scatter detector, and resulting emissions from the scattering pass by or through the coded aperture to be detected at the catcher detector for detection using the Compton effect. Alternatively, the coded aperture is not provided. The same module may be used to detect using both the photoelectric and Compton effects where both the scatter detector and coded aperture are provided with the catcher detector.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus may include: a wavelength sweeping light source; a reference optical system; a calibration optical system; a light receiving element configured to receive calibration interference light which is a combination of calibration light and reference light; and a signal processor configured to sample a calibration interference signal outputted from the light receiving element when it receives the calibration interference light. The signal processor may sample the calibration interference light in at least first and second frequency bands, which are different and used for measuring a specific region of a subject eye. The ophthalmic apparatus calculates a difference between first and second waveforms, the first waveform being a waveform of the calibration interference signal that is sampled in the first frequency band and Fourier transformed, the second waveform being a waveform of the calibration interference signal that is sampled in the second frequency band and Fourier transformed.

Abstract: A method of imaging includes obtaining projection data for an object representing an intensity of radiation detected along a plurality of rays through the object, obtaining an outline of the object via a secondary imaging system, the secondary imaging system using non-ionizing radiation, determining, based on the outline, a model and model parameters for the object, calculating, based on the model and the model parameters, a volumetric attenuation map for the object, and reconstructing, based on the projection data and the volumetric attenuation map, an attenuation-corrected volumetric image.