Abstract: A dynamic Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system utilizes an array of modular detectors structured in a dome shape and being independently tiltable in polar or azimuth angle. The system can be used to image cardio-vascular studies as well as other quantitative studies and 3D imaging studies, without requiring movement or motion of the detectors.

Abstract: A method and system for imaging a patient is provided. The system includes an arcuate detector transport member that extends circumferentially about an examination axis, a base comprising an arcuate transport element configured to receive the detector transport member wherein the base is configured to translate the arcuate detector transport member in an arcuate path about the examination axis, and at least one gamma camera detector coupled to the detector transport member.

Abstract: A gantry system for geometrically configuring a plurality of detectors for image scanning a patient comprises a plurality of essentially planar sensor support rings forming a barrel surrounding a central scanning area. Each ring is formed by opposing upper and lower semi-elliptical array supports, and each array support is configured to support a plurality of adjustable detector assemblies. Each array support is adjustable along a longitudinal axis of the barrel, and collectively define an imaging field of view that is configurable by separately adjusting one or more of the array supports. Upper array supports are also preferably moveable in a generally perpendicular direction with respect to longitudinal axis, e.g., to optimize position of the detector assemblies with respect to a patient, to provide for easier patient entry and/or to provide for scans of claustrophobic or obese patients.

Abstract: Variable-Resolution X-ray (VRX) techniques boost spatial resolution of a Computed Tomographic (CT) scanner in the scan plane by two or more orders of magnitude by reducing the angle of incidence of the x-ray beam with respect to the detector surface. The invention provides a multi-arm multi-angle VRX detector for targeted CT scanning. The detector allows for “target imaging” in which an area of interest is scanned at higher resolution than the remainder of the subject, yielding even higher resolution for the target area than that obtained from prior VRX techniques. In one embodiment, the VRX-CT detector comprises four quasi-identical arms, each containing six 24-cell modules are made of individual custom CdWO4 scintillators optically-coupled to custom photodiode arrays. The maximum scan field is 40 cm for a magnification of 1.4. A significant advantage of the four-arm geometry is that it can transform quickly to a two-arm or single-arm geometry for comparison studies and other applications.

Abstract: A method for detecting radiation emitted from a radiation source within a subject. A radiation detector is moved in approximately parallel with the direction of the body axis of the subject. The detector is rotated about the body axis. The distance between the subject and the detector is changed. The radiation is detected by the detector.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a relative distance between a patient's body and a camera head in a medical imaging system is disclosed. The apparatus comprises (a) a light source provided at one side of a field of view, which is defined by a camera surface of the camera head, and (b) a light detector provided at the other side of the field of view. The light detector is adapted to detect a light beam emitted by the light source. The apparatus includes means for adjusting a relative distance between the patient's body and the camera surface by sensing an interruption or disturbance in the light beam caused by the patient's body approaching the camera surface to take a picture. A method of controlling a relative distance between a patient's body and a camera head in a medical imaging system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of avoiding collisions with components of medical diagnostic imaging system includes defining a plurality of imaging system components as wire frame representations having vertices. The objects in the imaging system are defined in a common coordinate system using transform matrices for the imaging system components. An operator initiates movement of the imaging system components and position and motion input signals are provided to a controller. The transform matrices for imaging system components are updated and a final transform is computed in response to the input signals for the imaging system components, the final transform indicative of a position of imaging system components at a predetermined time interval. The final transform is applied to the wire frame representation generating a new position for the wire frame and a determination is made as to whether a collision is occurring between any of the plurality of imaging system components using the new wire frame positions.

Abstract: A nuclear medicine gantry is provided and includes a ring defining a central longitudinal axis. The nuclear medicine gantry further includes at least one detector head mounted to the ring. The at least one detector head is rotatable about the longitudinal axis, movable in radial directions relative to the longitudinal axis, movable in tangential directions relative to a circle whose center is coincident with the longitudinal axis, and pivotable about a first pivot axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: The invention comprises a system and method for multi-planar imaging using a plurality of detectors coupled to an ECDAS. Each of the plurality of detectors is independently positionable and configurable to acquire image data of one or more patients, and is controlled by the ECDAS. The ECDAS operates in at least two modes. A first mode, the ECDAS configures the plurality of detectors to collect image data for a single procedure of a single patient. A second mode, ECDAS configures the plurality of detectors to collect image data of a plurality of patients simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a reconfigure lock for dual detector gamma camera that works with a triple race bearing. The outer race is stationary, it serves as part of the supporting frame. A detector (1) is mounted to the center race, which is driven by an integral gear. A detector (2) and the lock assembly are mounted to the inner race. The center and inner races rotate in unison when locked to one another.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting radiation including x-ray, gamma ray, and particle radiation for radiographic imaging, and nuclear medicine and x-ray mammography in particular, and material composition analysis are described. A detection system employs fixed or configurable arrays of one or more detector modules comprising detector arrays which may be electronically manipulated through a computer system. The detection system, by providing the ability for electronic manipulation, permits adaptive imaging. Detector array configurations include familiar geometries, including slit, slot, plane, open box, and ring configurations, and customized configurations, including wearable detector arrays, that are customized to the shape of the patient. Conventional, such as attenuating, rigid geometry, and unconventional collimators, such as x-ray optic, configurable, Compton scatter modules, can be selectively employed with detector modules and radiation sources.

Abstract: A method of avoiding collisions with components of medical diagnostic imaging system includes defining a plurality of imaging system components as wire frame representations having vertices. The objects in the imaging system are defined in a common coordinate system using transform matrices for the imaging system components. An operator initiates movement of the imaging system components and position and motion input signals are provided to a controller. The transform matrices for imaging system components are updated and a final transform is computed in response to the input signals for the imaging system components, the final transform indicative of a position of imaging system components at a predetermined time interval. The final transform is applied to the wire frame representation generating a new position for the wire frame and a determination is made as to whether a collision is occurring between any of the plurality of imaging system components using the new wire frame positions.

Abstract: A method of reducing data in a scintillation camera having a plurality of photomultiplier tubes arranged in rows and columns. The method comprises steps of (a) summing output signals from the photomultiplier tubes of each row to provide a summed row signal for each row, (b) summing output signals from the photomultiplier tubes of each column to provide a summed column signal for each column, (c) selecting a largest summed row signal and a largest summed column signal from the summed row and column signals, and (d) determining at least three output signals to be required for computing the location of a scintillation event by using the largest summed row and summed column signals, whereby reducing the amount of data to be processed. The determining step can comprise steps of locating an X and Y coordinate corresponding to the largest summed row and summed column signals, and choosing the output signals from at least three photomultiplier tubes which surround the X and Y coordinate.

Abstract: &ggr;-ray emissions (14) are detected by a rotating, one-dimensional detector array (18). Slats of a convergent or divergent collimator (16) are mounted between detector elements. The slats are canted by an angle &agr; from focusing on a focal spot (40) on a perpendicular bisector to the detector array. As a detector head (30) revolves around a longitudinal axis (36) of the subject, the head is canted (FIG. 5) to generate angularly offset data sets. Data sets with the detector array rotated to 180° opposite orientations are processed (62) to generate a first derivative data set. Parallel lines or planes (64) of the canted data sets are processed (68) to generate a second derivative data set which is backprojected (70) in accordance with the Radon transform into a three-dimensional image representation.

Abstract: The invention comprises a system and method for multi-planar imaging using a plurality of detectors coupled to an ECDAS. Each of the plurality of detectors is independently positionable and configurable to acquire image data of one or more patients, and is controlled by the ECDAS. The ECDAS operates in at least two modes. A first mode, the ECDAS configures the plurality of detectors to collect image data for a single procedure of a single patient. A second mode, ECDAS configures the plurality of detectors to collect image data of a plurality of patients simultaneously.

Abstract: A gamma camera is made with two rings, each ring bearing a detector. A flap of a support of the detector can be unfolded or folded against a front face of the machine. In the folded position, the machine can be used to carry out tomography scans or standard whole-body examinations. In the unfolded position, the flap enables the performance of whole-body examinations on a bed-ridden patient who remains in his hospital bed.

Abstract: A continuous rotation sampling scheme for use with a nuclear medicine gamma camera facilitates collection of transmission and emission data leading to a reduced overall scan time. The gantry (16) contains a plurality of radiation detector heads (20a-20c) with planar faces and at least one adjustably mounted radiation source (30a). During transmission data collection, the gantry (16) continuously rotates about a subject receiving aperture (18) while the radiation source (30a) continuously rasters back and forth across the field of view. The detected transmission radiation (32a) is reconstructed into an attenuation volumetric image representation by a transmission reconstruction processor (64t). The transmission reconstruction processor (64t) performs a fan beam reconstruction algorithm in each of a multiplicity of planes perpendicular to an axis of rotation.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for use on a collimator of a radio-imaging device. The system includes a stack of plates provided with perforations, the thickness (d) of the plates being less than the diameter of the perforations in the internal entry face of the collimator. The thickness of the span between the perforations is made greater than the thickness of the plates.

Abstract: A nuclear medical diagnostic apparatus for detecting gamma rays emitted from the radio isotope (RI) administered to a subject, to generate images showing the functions of the subject, such as metabolism. In the nuclear medical diagnostic apparatus, at least one detector is attached to a rotating ring and located inside the ring. The apparatus can therefore be modified as a one-detector type to a four-detector type. It can easily be graded up from a one-detector type to any one of the other types including the four-detector type. Further, the image-generating mode can be freely changed. Moreover, the apparatus can be small and light.

Abstract: A scintillation camera using the dual scintillation detector head is disclosed. The scintillation camera can include two dual scintillation detector heads, which are fixed in opposition to each other. The camera can include a dual scintillation detector head and a single scintillation detector head, which are also fixed in opposed relation to each other. The dual scintillation detector head has two scintillation detectors, which are fixed relative to each other, preferably fixed substantially at 90 degrees to each other. Each scintillation detector has a plurality of photomultiplier tubes, a collimator, and a scintillation medium.

Abstract: A support structure for medical diagnostic equipment provides entirely independent motions on all axes of the detector and very precise and reproducible motions while allowing for static, linear and rotational imaging such as by a rotatable scintillation detector. The support structure includes a rotor or ring on which there are two arms on which the detector is mounted and a counterweight attached by links to the opposite end of the arms and on the opposite side of the rotor. The arms, on which the detector is rotatably mounted, are attached to the rotor by means of short, double pivoted links which allow the arms to move towards or away from the rotor and pivot with respect to the rotor. Two secondary arms are connected to the pivot point of the detector and to a track mounted on the rotor.

Abstract: A multidetector gamma camera arrangement having a first detector and a second detector with each detector including a scintillating crystal and transducer means, the first detector and the second detector abutting to each other with the crystals of first detector and second detector at an angle to one another to enable acquiring two simultaneous views of an organ of the patient.

Abstract: The imaging system has two detectors which can be rotated in a circular path about an object with the angular displacement between the detectors and their radial position with respect to the axis being adjustable. Preferably, the distance of the detectors from the lateral axis is adjustable to increase resolution of the system. A gantry has supports for drive gear rings for the detectors with radial motion mechanisms connecting one detector to the interior surface of a drive gear ring and the other to the exterior of its drive gear ring via a support arm. A drive gear and idler gear move one detector along the circular path and a radial drive motor moves the detectors radially with respect to the axis.

Abstract: A positioner for a scintillation camera detector head is designed for use with a detector head of the type having a center of gravity dependent upon the weight of a removable collimator plate and being supported between a pair of substantially parallel support arms such that the detector head is rotatable relative to the support arms about an axis of rotation passing through the support arms. The positioner includes a pair of rigid detector head links for aligning the center of gravity of the detector head relative to the support arms. Each detector head link includes an arm end rotatably attached to the adjacent support arm by way of an arm axle, and a head end rotatably attached to the detector head by way of a head axle. The positioner also includes a lock for selectively securing the relative positions of the detector head and the detector head links.

Abstract: A non-invasive analysis device including a plurality of sensors (110) combined with collimating structures (120) having a common source focus (O) and processing means (300) providing an AND-type combinational logic function of the output of the sensors (110) for sensing two coincidently transmitted beams that are at least slightly angularly correlated.

Abstract: To acquire measurement data elements during a tomography type experiment in nuclear medecine, with a gamma camera having two detector heads, each of these heads is oriented on a sighting center P while the set of two heads rotates about a center of rotation Ia of the apparatus, the center of rotation being offset from the sighting center. It is shown that this approach provides speedier operation for the acquisition and also contributes to the preparation of tomography images that are more precise and more easily computed.

Abstract: An imaging system for generating SPECT images wherein first and second cameras are mounted to a gantry for rotation about an imaging axis, the cameras are positionible in an L configuration wherein their camera axis intersect at an intersection point, the cameras are mounted such that when in the L position the intersection point is further away from each of the cameras than is the rotation axis allowing the cameras to be moved radially inward with respect to the rotation axis thus reducing the degree of table movement within the imaging area required to position an object to be imaged adjacent the cameras.

Abstract: The imaging system has two detectors which can be rotated in a circular path about an object with the angular displacement between the detectors and their radial position with respect to the axis being adjustable. Preferably, the distance of the detectors from the lateral axis is adjustable to increase resolution of the system. A gantry has supports for drive gear rings for the detectors with radial motion mechanisms connecting one detector to the interior surface of a drive gear ring and the other to the exterior of its drive gear ring via a support arm. A drive gear and idler gear move one detector along the circular path and a radial drive motor moves the detectors radially with respect to the axis.

Abstract: An improved image acquisition system allows the angular displacement between two detectors to be adjusted between 90° and 180° to reduce the imaging time for both 360° and 180° scans. A patient table is displaced vertically and horizontally from a lateral axis to allow the body of a patient to be positioned next to the detectors and to improve resolution.

Abstract: An improved image acquisition system allows the angular displacement between two detectors to be adjusted between 90° and 180° to reduce the imaging time for both 360° and 180° scans. A patient table is displaced vertically and horizontally from a lateral axis to allow the body of a patient to be positioned next to the detectors and to improve resolution.