Abstract: A scintillator panel (2) comprises a radiation-transparent substrate (10), a flat resin film (12) formed on the substrate (10), a reflecting film (14) formed on the flat resin film (12), a deliquescent scintillator (16) formed on the reflecting film (14), and a transparent organic film (18) covering the scintillator (16).

Abstract: A very sensitive dosimeter that detects ionizing radiation is described. The dosimeter includes a breakable sealed container. A solution of a reducing is inside the container. The dosimeter has an air-tight dosimeter body with a transparent portion and an opaque portion. The transparent portion includes a transparent chamber that holds the breakable container with the reducing agent. The opaque portion includes an opaque chamber that holds an emulsion of silver salt (AgX) selected from silver chloride, silver bromide, silver iodide, and combinations of them. A passageway in the dosimeter provides fluid communication between the transparent chamber and the opaque chamber. The dosimeter may also include a chemical pH indicator in the breakable container that provides a detectable color change to the solution for a pH of about 3-10.

Abstract: A color radiography system comprises a color light emission sheet having a phosphor layer that contains a phosphor emitting in a plurality of colors to radiation and emits light under irradiation of radiation transmitted through a subject to be inspected, and a color film or a color camera that detects the light emissions of the plurality of colors into the respective colors. In the phosphor layer, a phosphor is used that has a primary emission component corresponding to one emission color in a visible light region and at least one secondary emission component, the secondary emission component having an emission color different from that of the primary emission component and a ratio of light emission to radiation of the same intensity being different from that of the primary emission component. According to the present color radiography system, image information of a plurality of colors having different sensitivity characteristics can be obtained.

Abstract: A device generating images described by three dimensional contact (such as the grip of a human palm), in which the contact itself closes an open circuit to generate radiation in a pattern in register with the contact. The resulting irradiated image corresponds directly to the contact pattern energizing the radiation. In a preferred embodiment enabled by an electroluminescent system without a back electrode, the grip of a palm print is disposed to close the open circuit by making contact and thereby serving as a “temporary” back electrode. The electroluminescent then energizes in a pattern in register with the contact (i.e. the palm print) to emit a high-resolution image of visible light with high fidelity to the contact. This visible light image may then be directed on to a photosensitive array standard in the art suitable for pixelation and conversion into an electrical signal representative of the image. This signal is available for computerized storage, analysis, processing and comparison.

Abstract: A thermal neutron detector comprises an inorganic scintillation crystal, an inner sleeve on said scintillation crystal and including boron-10, and an outer lead sleeve on said inner sleeve for shielding gamma rays from the inner layer. The boron-10 may be carried in a resiliently compressible silicone cast on the crystal to form a sleeve which functions to mechanically support the crystal inside a detector casing. The resiliently compressible, thermal neutron absorbing layer may also be used in other applications as a thermal neutron shield.

Abstract: A surface of a substrate made of Al in a scintillator panel 1 is sandblasted, whereas one surface thereof is formed with an MgF2 film as a low refractive index material. The surface of MgF2 film is formed with a scintillator having a columnar structure for converting incident radiation into visible light. Together with the substrate, the scintillator is covered with a polyparaxylylene film.

Abstract: An Ag film as a light-reflecting film is formed on one surface of an a-C substrate of a scintillator panel. The entire surface of the Ag film is covered with an SiN film for protecting the Ag film. A scintillator having a columnar structure, which converts an incident radiation into visible light, is formed on the surface of the SiN film. The scintillator is covered with a polyparaxylylene film together with the substrate.

Abstract: A phosphor represented by the general formula (L1-x-y-z-dEuxCezM′d)2O2S (wherein L is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, La and Y, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Tb and Pr, M′ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Zn, and x, y, z and d are values falling in the ranges of 0.001≦×≦0.06, 0<y≦12×10−5, 0<z≦12×10−5, and 0≦d≦2.5×10−4) and manufactured by the hot hydrostatic pressing method. The phosphor has a high light permeability, a high luminous efficacy and a reduced after-glow. A radiation detector comprising a combination of this phosphor with silicon photodiode has an excellent wave length matching capability, is capable of obtaining a high luminous output, and is suitably used as an X-ray detector of an X-ray CT unit or the like.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for detecting near-visible frequency light comprising a sensor which includes a near-visible to visible light conversion phosphor defining an active area and a covering having a thickness, the covering adapted to substantially protect the phosphor from degradation. The phosphor extends to within about a first distance of a flush portion of a first edge, the first distance corresponding approximately to the thickness of the covering. In an alternative embodiment, the active area comprises an aperture.

Abstract: An intensifying screen, comprising a support, a phosphor layer disposed on the support and a protecting film disposed on the phosphor layer. The phosphor layer comprises a first phosphor layer formed on the support side and constituted of particles of the first phosphor having average particle diameter D1 and range coefficient k, which expresses a particle size distribution, in the range of 1.3 to 1.8, and a second phosphor layer formed on the protective film side and constituted of particles of the second phosphor having average particle diameter D2 (>D1) and range coefficient k, which expresses a particle size distribution, in the range of 1.5 to 2.0. The ratio (CW1:CW2) of coating weight per unit area of the particles of the first phosphor in the first phosphor layer CW1 and coating weight per unit area of the particles of the second phosphor in the second phosphor layer CW2 is in the range of from 8:2 to 6:4.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of detection and visualization of an infrared laser beam using an optically transparent or opaque solid medium doped with at least one active chromophore dye molecule to provide conversion of infrared radiation to visible light by means of two or three-photon absorption followed by emission of a visible photon is provided. A method of verifying mode-lock in mode-locked infrared laser sources and measuring the temporal and spatial shape of ultra short laser pulses having pulse durations between a few femtoseconds and hundreds of picoseconds is also provided.

Abstract: A system is designed to measure the concentration of a specific chemical composition of a fluid and is formed of a light generating device, a fluorescent light receiver, and a display. The light generating device emits an excitation light to cause a probe submerged in the fluid to emit fluorescent light, which is received by a photoelectric diode of the fluorescent light receiver and is than converted by the photoelectric diode into an electric current signal. The display receives the electric current signal, which is then converted by the display into the concentration of the specific chemical composition of the fluid. The information on the concentration of the specific chemical composition is exhibited on the display.

Abstract: In order to test whether a diamond has had a layer a synthetic diamond deposited thereon, the diamond is radiated with ultraviolet radiation so as to form a pattern of beams of refracted and reflected radiation, the pattern of refracted and reflected radiation being observed on a screen behind the diamond.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of providing a self-contained processor having a luminescent testing material capable of generating a read-out signal in response to contact with a reagent of interest in a test sample. In an alternate aspect, the present invention also provides a portable and self-contained diagnostic assay system for detecting and recording the presence of a luminescent signal generated by a reaction between a luminescent testing material and a reagent in a test sample on a self-developing film assemblage.

Abstract: A radiation image forming system utilizing a combination of a silver halide photographic material and radiographic intensifying screens is improved in its radiographic speed and sharpness of the resulting radiation image by employing a rare earth phosphor of the formula MwOwX:M′ (M is Y, La, Gd or Lu; X is a chalcogen atom or a halogen atom; M′ is a rare earth atom which activates M; and w is 2 when X is a chalcogen atom or w is 1 when X is a halogen atom), incorporating into the intensifying screen a fluorescent dye or pigment which absorbs a portion of luminescence emitted by the phosphor and then emits light in a visible region, and employing a photographic material showing a cross-over of 10% or less when it is exposed to radiation in combination with the intensifying screens.

Abstract: Storage phosphors comprising an activated garnet host comprising oxygen and combined elements satisfying the relationship Ln3+&dgr;M5−&dgr;:cQ wherein Ln is an element selected from the group consisting of Gd, La, Lu, Y and combinations thereof; M is an element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ga, Sc, Fe and combinations thereof; Q is selected from the group consisting of terbium, samarium, thallium, indium, europium, ytterbium and combinations thereof; &dgr; is greater lo than or equal to minus 0.5, but less than or equal to 0.5 (i.e., −0.5≦&dgr;≦0.5); and c is an amount sufficient to produce a phosphor that exhibits a higher luminescence emission intensity than said phosphor absent Q when, after first being exposed to penetrating radiaton, the phosphor is stimulated by light of a wavelength ranging from 600 to 1200 nm or thermally.

Abstract: Device and method of treatment of light obtained from X-rays, comprising a means of filtering the light with a cutoff frequency such that a first part of the spectrum of the light emitted by a light emitter is preserved, the first part of the spectrum being independent of temperature, and a second part of the light spectrum is stopped, the second part of the spectrum presenting a shift dependent on temperature. The invention also concerns an imaging cassette, a dose measuring module and a radiology apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for detecting input radiation such as X-rays, &ggr;-rays, ionizing radiation or fluorescent and low-level light. The device has at least one detection element comprising a sensor component (scintillator) for converting the input radiation into photons (scintillation light) in the UV, visible or IR part of the electromagnetic spectrum and an optical amplifier component which receives the light converted by the sensor component, forwards it for further processing and amplifies it at the same time. According to the invention, the amplifier component comprises at least one optical waveguide (1, 2, 2a, 2b, 20) whose material is optically pumped to amplify the scintillation light (3, 24, 25).

Abstract: Images are formed by exposing optically transparent, optically stimulable luminescent glasses including luminescent centers and trapping centers, to patterned, ionizing radiation. The images may be read immediately, using scintillation, or may be stored in the glasses for subsequent reading using optically stimulated detrapping of stored charges.

Abstract: Comprising a first step of supporting a substrate formed with a scintillator on at least three protrusions of a target-support element disposed on a vapor deposition table so as to keep a distance from said vapor deposition table; a second step of introducing said vapor deposition table having said substrate supported by said target-support element into a vapor deposition chamber of a CVD apparatus; and a third step of depositing an organic film by CVD method onto all surfaces of said substrate, provided with said scintillator, introduced into said vapor deposition chamber.

Abstract: A composite phosphor screen for converting radiation, such as X-rays, into visible light. The screen includes a planar surface, which can be formed from glass, silicon or metal, which has etched therein a multiplicity of closely spaced microchannels having diameters of the order of 10 microns or less. Deposited within each of the microchannels is a multiplicity of phosphors which emit light when acted upon by radiation. The walls of the microchannels and/or the substrate surfaces include light reflective coatings so as to reflect the light emitted by the phosphors to the light collecting devices, such as film or an electronic detector. The coatings can be either radiation transparent or filtering/attenuating depending on the particular application.

Abstract: The invention is related to nuclear physics, medicine and oil industry, namely to the measurement of x-ray, gamma and alpha radiation; control for trans uranium nuclides in the habitat of a man; non destructive control for the structure of heavy bodies; three dimensional positron-electron computer tomography, etc. The essence of the invention is in additional ingredients in a chemical composition of a scintillating material based on crystals of oxyorthosilicates, including cerium Ce and crystallized in a structural type Lu2SiO5.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fabricating scintillators for use in a CT systems are described. Adjacent scintillator elements are separated by gaps filled with a composition of white diffuse reflective material, a light absorber, and a castable polymer. The composition increases the strength of the signal to the photodiode by minimizing the amount of light that is lost by the scintillator elements. Additionally, the light absorber minimizes the amount of light transferred between adjacent scintillator elements to limit cross-talk. In addition, the outer edges of the scintillator may have a lower amount of light absorber to compensate for the light lost from the periphery.

Abstract: A method for preparing a radiographic intensifying screen or a radiation image conversion panel is disclosed, comprising a support having thereon a phosphor layer, the method comprising the steps of (i) mixing a phosphor and a resin exhibiting a glass transition temperature of Tg1 to form a phosphor layer, (ii) subjecting the phosphor layer to compression, and (iii) making a glass transition temperature of the phosphor layer Tg2, wherein the Tg1 and the Tg2 meet the following requirement: Tg1<Tg2. Tg1 is within the range of −50° C. to 25° C., and Tg2 is 30° C. to 130° C.

Abstract: Provided is a detector for an IR laser beam which has a chopper wheel of alternating spokes and spaces, the spokes having phosphor coatings thereon. The chopper wheel is placed in the path of the beam and rotated so the IR beam forms a visible or luminous spot on the rotating phosphor coats which are recharged. Intermittently, the IR beam passes through the rotating openings between the spokes to continue on its path to a mirror or target and the like. At the same time, as noted above, the beam forms a visible spot on the rotating phosphor coatings so as to depict the location, size and quality of the normally invisible IR beam.

Abstract: A radiographic intensifying screen having at least a fluorescent layer and a protective layer on a support, wherein the protective layer has a multi-layer structure comprising at least one layer of an organic macromolecule film and a film-forming resin layer provided on the surface of the organic macromolecule film at least on the side which is not in contact with the fluorescent layer, and the resin of the film-forming resin layer is different from the resin of the organic macromolecule film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescence-reddening membrane which is made up of a light-transmittable medium and, dispersed therein, (a) a rhodamine base fluorescence pigment and (b) a fluorescence pigment which has absorptions in the blue region and induces energy transfer to and reabsorptions from the rhodamine base fluorescence lamp at high conversion effieciencies.

Abstract: A plug for an enclosure for holding a radiation source is provided. The plug is formed from a material that emits visible light when the radiation source is energized, such that the status of the radiation source may be determined by an operator without the need for status monitoring equipment. The plug seals the radiation source from the environment to prevent ozone formation and to prevent leakage into or out of the enclosure.

Abstract: In a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) a spot made from a very narrow beam of electrons (11) is scanned in fine strips across the specimen (18), and an image is built up from the electrons (e) that backscattered from area of specimen being scanned. To gather these back-scattered electrons it is presently common to employ a scintillator layer on the front face of a light guide that directs the generated light to a photomultiplier tube (23). However, having the scintillator layer on the front face means that the light has to pass through the layer to enter the guide, which necessarily wastes light by absorption within the thickness of layer material; the invention proposes instead that the light guide (22) have on its back side a scintillator layer (34) angled as though to reflect received electrons along the guide to the PMT (23).

Abstract: X-ray phosphor powders and a method for making phosphor powders. The phosphor powders have a small particle size, narrow particle size distribution and are substantially spherical. The method of the invention advantageously permits the economic production of such powders. The invention also relates to improved devices, such as x-ray image intensifiers, incorporating the phosphor powders.

Abstract: A radiographic intensifying screen is composed of a support, a phosphor layer containing phosphor and a surface protective layer overlaid in order. The surface protective layer shows a scattering length of 5 to 80 &mgr;m, in which the scattering length is measured at main wavelength of light emitted from the phosphor.

Abstract: A single sheet photostimulable phosphor screen, characterized in that the screen contains in consecutive order (1) a support, (2) a continuous phosphor-containing layer, and permanently and contiguously united therewith (3) a grid structured phosphor-containing layer containing a phosphor different from the phosphor contained in the continuous phosphor-containing layer (2), the grid structured layer (3) containing parallel rows of phosphor-containing stripes or dots, and the different phosphors having a different X-ray absorption capacity with respect to different energy levels of X-ray radiation.