Abstract: This disclosure describes a novel lens system having an entrance pupil at a location matching, or nearly matching, the eye's optical system entrance pupil. The described lens system is significantly thinner than a single-aperture lens with matched entrance pupil and is achieved by using an array of camera elements. Each camera element contains camera optics called “lenslets” and a sensor (e.g., an image or depth sensor), where a lenslet can include one or more lens elements (e.g., a compound lens). Individual camera elements can be arranged such that THEIR optical axes intersect at, or near, the eye's entrance pupil location. In addition, each camera element's field-of-view (FOV) corresponds to a small sector of a large FOV. The FOVs of adjacent camera elements can be non- or slightly-overlapping so that a wide-angle image can be formed by concatenation of the individual camera element images.

Abstract: A technical solution is provided, which allows generating a high-quality digital image using multiple CCD arrays. More specifically, a lens generates an image on an area equal to the sum of photosensitive areas of n CCD arrays. The CCD arrays are shifted from one another. The image is projected via four channels onto all the CCD arrays such that each of said arrays generates a video signal from only one of n sectors of the image. The video signals from the CCD arrays, which operate on a conventional scanning standard and in parallel, are digitized, pre-processed and recorded in a memory from which they are read at a rate n times higher than a clock rate. A digital image is produced by electronically combining the video signals from the CCD arrays that convert adjacent sectors of the image, after which the video signal is post-processed.

Abstract: Methods and devices for the characterization of biological specimens by the use of electroluminescent materials. When placed in close proximity or direct contact to a biological specimen and an electrical signal is transmitted, electroluminescence is generated in response to the presence of the specimen. The electroluminescence produced can be in the form of an image of the specimen. The image is captured by an optical device that collects light and displays or otherwise processes the image according to the particular need or purpose. In general, the method requires preparing an electroluminescent assembly including the biological specimen, a dielectric layer, and a substrate, put together in any order. The method uses an electrical signal transmitted to the assembly. The device may be configured in a closed-circuit electrical configuration or it may be in a configuration where the EL assembly is at open circuit with respect to the power source.

Abstract: An in-situ detection device for detecting water and fertilizer content in a crop cultivation substrate and a detection method thereof are provided. The in-situ detection device includes a water and fertilizer in-situ collector and a spectrum analysis device. The water and fertilizer in-situ collector that is pre-buried in the cultivation substrate is used to collect water and fertilizer in the cultivation substrate in real time to obtain a measurement sample. The spectral analysis device is used to emit a laser with a specific wavelength to detect and analyze content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the measurement sample collected by the water and fertilizer in-situ collector; and a continuous sampling system for continuously transporting the measurement sample is provided between the water and fertilizer in-situ collector and the spectrum analysis device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a solid state image capturing device includes a pixel portion in which a plurality of pixels are arranged, a common signal line that transports an output signal from the pixel portion, and an output circuit that amplifies the output signal transported by using the common signal line. The pixel portion is divided into a plurality of pixel groups, the common signal line is divided into a plurality of division lines corresponding to the plurality of pixel groups, and the output circuit receives the output signals transported by using the plurality of division lines.

Abstract: An image reconstruction method includes capturing a reference image of the specimen and capturing a set of original images based on the reference image. The method includes generating a set of analyzed images based on the set of original images by determining an intensity distribution for each pixel of each original image of the set of original images and combining the intensity distribution at each pixel location across the set of original images into an intermediate image. The method includes, identifying an object in the intermediate image. In response to identifying the object in the intermediate image, determining an intensity value of the object in each original image of the set of original images and generating an improved image of the object based on the determined intensity value of the object. The method includes generating a final image including the improved image of the object and displaying the final image.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to spatially modulating the light source used in microscopy. In some cases, a light source projects a sequence of two-dimensional spatial patterns onto a sample using a spatial light modulator. In some cases, the spatial patterns are based on Hadamard matrices. In some cases, an imaging device captures frames of image data in response to light emitted by the sample and orthogonal components of the image data are analyzed by cross-correlating the image data with the spatial pattern associated with each frame. A microscope may be calibrated by illuminating a sample with the sequence of spatial patterns, capturing image data, and storing calibration that maps each pixel of the spatial light modulator to at least one pixel of the imaging device.

Abstract: A device (10) for determining a state of attentiveness of a driver of a vehicle (1) is disclosed. The device includes an image capture unit (11) onboard said vehicle (1), said image capture unit (11) being suitable for capturing at least one image of a detection area (D) located in said vehicle (1), and an image processing unit (15) suitable for receiving said captured image and programmed to determine the state of attentiveness of the driver (4), according to the detection of the presence of a distracting object in one of the hands of the driver (4), which hand being located in the detection area (D).

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a switchable optical filter comprising a layer of switchable material, the switchable material comprising a photochromic/thermochromic, a photochromic/photochromic, or a photochromic/electrochromic compound; a first light source providing light of a wavelength that causes the switchable material to transition from a faded state to a dark state, or a dark state to a faded state; and a switch for controlling activation of the first light source

Abstract: A microscope for raster-free, confocal imaging of a sample arranged in a sample space has an illumination arrangement comprising a light source group having light sources which can be switched on individually, a detector arrangement, a pinhole arrangement which comprises a pinhole array and which has a plurality of pinhole elements which are adjacent to one another, wherein there is one pinhole element provided for each light source, and optics which irradiate each pinhole element with radiation of an individual light source of the light source group and confocally illuminate an individual spot located in the sample space, wherein one of the individual spots is associated with each pinhole element, and the individual spots are adjacent to one another in the sample space with respect to an incidence direction of the radiation, and the optics image the individual spots through the pinhole arrangement confocally on the detector arrangement.

Abstract: The image processing method includes a luminance value information obtaining step of obtaining effective radiance values from a subject, and an image generating step of generating a picture image as a set of unit regions each of which has a luminance value obtained by at least partially removing a regular reflection light component on a surface of the subject from the effective radiance values.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a linear LED module including: at least one LED bar including multiple LEDs arrayed on a substrate in a lengthwise direction of the substrate; a mounting portion in which the at least one LED bar is mounted on its mounting surface in the lengthwise direction; and a composite reflective portion integrated with the mounting portion and adapted to reflect light emitted from the at least one LED bar. A cross-section of the composite reflective portion includes a curved reflective surface adjacent to the mounting portion and a straight reflective surface extending away from a boundary with the mounting portion. Also disclosed is a backlight unit including the linear LED module. The backlight unit includes a rear case arranged in rear of a display panel, a reflective sheet positioned in rear of the display panel in the rear case, and a linear LED module.

Abstract: Improved wafer-scale testing of optoelectronic devices, such as CMOS image scan devices, is provided. A probe card includes an LED light source corresponding to each device under test in the wafer. The LED light sources provide light from a phosphor illuminated by the LED. A pinhole and lens arrangement is used to collimate the light provided to the devices under test. Uniformity of illumination can be provided by closed loop control of the LED light sources using internal optical signals as feedback signals, in combination with calibration data relating the optical signal values to emitted optical intensity. Uniformity of illumination can be further improved by providing a neutral density filter for each LED light source to improve uniformity from one source to another and/or to improve uniformity of the radiation pattern from each LED light source.

Abstract: A laser scanning microscope having a laser source for fluorescence excitation; a scanning mirror arrangement for scanning a specimen and scanning optics for generating a diffraction-limited reference image plane as a first intermediate image plane; an optical system for demagnified imaging of the reference plane in a second intermediate image plane; an axially slideable mirror in the second intermediate image plane; a beam splitter arrangement between the reference image plane and the optical system; and a tube lens and a first microscope objective for imaging of the reference image plane into a specimen. The imaging of the image is effected with a magnification of M?n/n? and/or a magnification of the second intermediate image plane into the specimen according to the equation M = y ? y = n n ? ? ? , with |?|?1, and/or the focal plane of the laser deviates from the axial position of the axially movable mirror across its scanning area in the second intermediate image plane.

Abstract: Aspects are generally directed to multi-sensor boresight alignment methods and systems for a multi-spectral reimaging optical system. In one example, a multi-sensor boresight alignment system includes a system interface to receive a first image frame from a first sensor and a second image frame from a second sensor, the first image frame having a contrast within a first spectral band and including a first image of a plate having a pattern of apertures, and the second image frame having a contrast within a second spectral band and including a second image of the plate. The system includes a field programmable gate array (FPGA) coupled to the system interface, the FPGA configured to spot track each image frame to identify a corresponding centroid of the pattern of apertures and correct an optical alignment between the first and second sensors based on a position of the corresponding centroids.

Abstract: Various implementations relate to an operator monitoring system (OMS). Certain implementations include an OMS coupled to a rotatable portion of a steering wheel assembly of a vehicle. For example, the OMS may include an imaging unit, such as a camera, that is coupled to a central hub portion of the steering wheel assembly. The imaging unit has a field of view directed toward one or more occupants in the vehicle and is configured to capture an image signal corresponding to an imaging area in the field of view. The imaging area can be configured to encapsulate an expected position of one or more vehicle occupants. The OMS also includes one or more processing units in electrical communication with the imaging unit that receives and processes the image signal from the imaging unit to determine an occupant state and, in some implementations, provide feedback based on the determined occupant state.

Abstract: A digital roller mold manufacturing system for manufacture of exterior characteristic structures on a roller mold depends on an illuminator for generation and projection of a light source on a Digital Mirror Device (DMD) chip in which micro-mirrors are rotated a controllable angle for defining the light source as an optical image and projecting the optical image on first micro-lenses at which digital light energy is transformed from the optical image and transmitted to first optical fibers, second optical fibers via couplers, and second micro-lenses. Furthermore, the second micro-lenses focus the digital light energy as light spots which are received by a photo-resist layer externally covered on the roller for development of patterns with exterior characteristic structures on the roller mold because a control unit regulates rotations of the roller and horizontal shifts of second micro-lenses.

Abstract: A control apparatus includes a lens, an SLM presenting a modulation pattern on a modulation plane and outputting modulated light L2 for forming light spots P1 and P2 on a pupil plane of the lens, an imaging device imaging a fringe pattern image formed on a focal plane of the lens and generating image data Da indicating the fringe pattern image, a calculation unit calculating at least one kind of parameter among an intensity amplitude, a phase shift amount, and an intensity average from the image data Da, an analysis unit obtaining a deviation in relative positions of an optical axis of the lens and a reference coordinate of the modulation plane based on the parameter, and a changing unit changing an origin position of the reference coordinate so that the deviation in the relative positions is decreased.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for distinguishing tissue types are described herein. Such devices and systems may use dual polarization, conformal filters to acquire image data from target tissues and a processor to create an image in which the contrast between tissues has been enhanced.

Abstract: A gate electrode and method for manufacturing the same includes an amorphous gate metal layer. The amorphous gate metal layer includes an amorphous metal alloy material layer having at least two metallic elements of an amorphous material or an amorphous metal compound material layer having at least one metallic element and at least one non-metallic element selected from the IIIA group, the IVA group, and the VA group of the Periodic Table. The atoms are arranged evenly in the amorphous gate metal layer, there is no noticeable grains and grain boundaries, so that no defects will be generated through a carrier recombination, and the carrier mobility is increased and the carrier can be uniformly distributed.

Abstract: A setting jig to which a housing is set is prepared, a light diameter detection sensor for detecting a light diameter of light beam is arranged, instead of a photosensitive drum, at a position corresponding to a part at which the light beam is scanned on the photosensitive drum, the housing is set to the setting jig, an adhesive is coated on a lens fixing surface of the housing, a collimator lens is grasped by a grasping member to adjust a position of the collimator lens, and the adhesive coated on the lens fixing surface is hardened. When the housing is set to the setting jig, the housing is obliquely arranged such that the light diameter detection sensor does not interfere with the grasping member. The lens fixing surface is formed to be horizontal in a state in which the housing has been set to the setting jig.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tool measuring device for measuring the size of tools used for making aluminum can bodies. The tool measuring device utilizes an LED measurement carriage having a central opening so that the LED measurement carriage passes over and around the tools. An LED linear beam is generated by LED linear arrays so that the tools cast a shadow on optical photodetector linear arrays. The distance between the transition points from light to dark on the optical photodetector linear arrays is measured to provide a highly accurate measurement of the size of various portions of the tools.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optoelectronic sensor, in particular to a light grid (10), having at least two circuit boards (19, 19-x) which are to be arranged one after the other in a longitudinal direction (16, z direction) and on which a plurality of light transmitters (18) and/or light receivers (20) are arranged in series, wherein the circuit boards (19-1, 19-2) are fixed in a desired position with respect to one another by a functional element (34) and wherein the circuit boards (19-1, 19-2) are held in a housing (12).

Abstract: A selectable view angle optical sensor is disclosed. The selectable view angle optical sensor comprises a substrate, a photodiode array disposed on the substrate, a first optical shielding modulation layer disposed on a first plane and a second optical shielding modulation layer disposed on a second plane. The first plane is on the photodiode array, the second plane is on the first plane, and the first and second planes and a top surface of the photodiode array are substantially in parallel. The dimensions and configurations of the first and second optical shielding modulation layers limit a field of view of the photodiode array so that the photodiode array has selectable view angle function.

Abstract: A probe for underground sensing of materials of interest, for example chemicals such as explosives, includes a probe body that is capable of being inserted into the ground, and one or more sensors that are able to sense one or more materials in the vicinity of at least a portion of the probe body. The sensor(s) may include a light source that directs light to the vicinity of the portion of the probe body, and a light detector, such as a photosensor or spectrometer, that detects reflected light from the material around the probe body. The reflected light may be analyzed to determine the presence of one or more materials of interest, such as chemicals used in explosive devices. The probe may be part of a vehicle used to detect and neutralize buried explosive devices, with the probe for example being on an articulable arm of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method for detecting mentholated tobacco, comprising irradiating tobacco containing menthol and a fluorescent taggant with radiation and observing the tobacco for fluorescence from the taggant. A system and method for detecting and separating mentholated tobacco from non-mentholated tobacco within a product stream is also provided.

Abstract: A fluorescence observation method of the present invention for detecting plural types of fluorescence emitted from two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules includes: subjecting each of the two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules to multi-photon excitation by exciting light having an exciting wavelength equal to or shorter than 700 nm in a visible region, to generate fluorescence upon making use of an absorption wavelength band in a deep ultraviolet region of each of the two or more kinds of fluorescent molecules; and simultaneously detecting plural types of fluorescence generated on a shorter-wavelength side or on both of the shorter-wavelength side and a longer-wavelength side of the exciting wavelength of the exciting light.

Abstract: The opto-electronic module comprises a substrate member (P); at least one emission member (E1; E2) mounted on said substrate (P); at least one detecting member (D) mounted on said substrate (P); at least one optics member (O) comprising at least one passive optical component (L); at least one spacer member (S) arranged between said substrate member (P) and said optics member (O). The opto-electronic modules can be very small and can be produced in high quality in high volumes. In particular, at least two emission members (E1, E2), e.g., two LEDs, are provided, for emitting light of variable color. This can improve illumination of a scene.

Abstract: A small sensor surface designed to control a smart phone or Mobile Internet Device (MID). The sensor surface may be mounted on the side of the proposed device in a position where a user's thumb or finger naturally falls when holding the device in his/her hand. The sensor surface is simultaneously convex and concave, providing both visual and physical cues for the use of the sensor surface. The sensor may include capacitive sensing, optical sensing and pressure sensing capabilities to interpret thumb gestures into device control.

Abstract: A radiation thermometer is provided, comprising: a thermal radiation detector assembly having an operative surface area responsive to thermal radiation of a first wavelength; a focussing optics assembly adapted to focus both thermal radiation of the first wavelength and visible light of a second wavelength along an optical axis, the focussing optics assembly being configured to form a focussed image of the operative surface area of the thermal radiation detector assembly on a focal plane outside the radiation thermometer, the focussed image of the operative surface area defining a target region from which the thermal radiation detector assembly detects thermal radiation; a visible light source assembly adapted to exhibit an illuminated pattern of visible light of the second wavelength, the visible light source assembly comprising at least one visible light source and a mask through which light from the at least one visible light source is arranged to pass, the mask having one or more substantially opaque port

Abstract: A display system configured for multi-touch input is provided. The display system comprises a display surface, a local light source to illuminate the display surface with infrared light, and an image-producing display panel. The image-producing display panel comprises a plurality of image sensor pixels positioned within a sensor layer of the image-producing display panel. The image-producing display panel further comprises an angularly-selective layer positioned between the display surface and the sensor layer, wherein the angularly-selective layer is configured to transmit light having a first range of incidence angles with the surface normal of the angularly-selective layer to a first sensor pixel of sensor layer, and to reflect light having a second range of incidence angles from a second sensor pixel of the sensor layer, where the second range is greater than the first range of incidence angles with respect to a surface normal of the sensor layer.

Abstract: A connector includes an input terminal, a light splitting module, and a number of output terminals. The input terminal is electrically connected to a first electrical device, and receives a first electrical signal from a first electrical device, and converts the first electrical signal to a first optical signal. The light splitting module converts the first optical signal to a number of second optical signals. The output terminals correspond to the first light emitters. Each of the output terminals converts a corresponding second optical signal to a second electrical signal, and transmits the second electrical signal to a second electrical device.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device includes a circuit board, light-emitting modules, light-receiving modules, an optical coupling module, and a protecting member. The light-emitting modules and the light-receiving modules are mounted on the circuit board. The optical coupling module is mounted on the circuit board, and includes first and second optical surfaces, a reflection surface, first converging lenses formed on the first optical surface and corresponding to the light-emitting modules and the light-receiving modules, and second converging lenses formed on the second optical surface and corresponding to the first converging lenses. The protecting member is mounted on the circuit board to shield the optical coupling module, the light-emitting modules, and the light-receiving modules, and only exposes the second converging lenses.

Abstract: A medical treatment system, such as peritoneal dialysis system, may include control and other features to enhance patient comfort and ease of use. For example, a peritoneal dialysis system may include patient line state detector for detecting whether a patient line is primed before it is to be connected to the patient. The patient line state detector can also the ability to detect whether a patient line has been properly mounted for priming. Both patient line presence/absence and fill state can be determined using an optical system, e.g., one that employs a single optical sensor.

Abstract: An optical system comprising a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting elements (LEEs) is presented. The light source is mounted on the same substrate or chip board so that the LEEs are in thermal contact with each other such as to enable thermic conduction and heat transfer between the LEEs. The system is switchable between light source modes in which different light emitting elements or a different number of light emitting elements is switched in an on mode and in a down mode respectively. In all light source modes, one or more light emitting elements, such as those with longer expected lifetime, remain in the on mode, while one or more light emitting elements, such as those with shorter expected lifetime, may be switched in the down mode.

Abstract: An indexing signal detection module is configured to index one or more signal detectors past each of a plurality of sources of detectable signal emissions to detect or measure a signal emitted by each source. A plurality of signal transmission conduits transmit signal emitted by the sources from a first end of each conduit to a second end of each conduit where the signal may be detected by a signal detector. A conduit reformatter is configured to secure the first ends of the respective signal transmission conduits in a first spatial arrangement corresponding to a spatial arrangement of the signal emission sources and to secure the second ends of the respective signal transmission conduits in a second spatial arrangement different from the first spatial arrangement.

Abstract: A multi-channel optical device and method of making the same are disclosed. The optical device includes a plurality of detectors on a detector mounting substrate, and a corresponding plurality of lenses on an interior surface of the optical device. Each detector detects light having a unique center wavelength. Each center wavelength corresponds to a channel of the optical device. Each lens focuses light towards a corresponding detector. Each detector has a location corresponding to a focal point of the light focused by a corresponding lens. The method of making the optical device includes placing lenses on a surface of the optical device housing, transmitting light having a plurality of center wavelengths through the lenses, determining locations on a detector mounting substrate where each light beam is focused by a lens, and placing a detector at each location.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser assembly (100) having a laser (L) for generating primary laser pulses (1), beam splitting optics (15) for splitting a primary laser pulse into a plurality of temporally staggered sub-pulses, and having focusing optics (17-19) for focusing the sub-pulses in or on an object (20) so that every sub-pulse is focused in a separate focus volume (F). The invention is characterized in that the mutual spatial and/or temporal relationship of the focus volumes (F) of the sub-pulses originating from a common primary laser pulse is variably adjustable. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.

Abstract: An example apparatus may include a light source for illuminating a sample, an objective lens positioned on a light path extending from the sample, a lenslet array having a plurality of lenslets and positioned along the light path to receive light from the objective lens. The lenslet array may be positioned along the light path at substantially a Fourier plane of the sample. The example apparatus may also include a detector positioned along the light path approximately one lenslet focal length from the lenslet array. The plurality of lenslets of the lenslet array may correspond to portions of the detector. Each lenslet of the lenslet array may transmit to a corresponding portion of the detector an image of the same portion of the sample from a different viewing angle.

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a touch screen display that is controlled based on information from a proximity sensor attached underneath a display layer. The proximity sensor may have a light source that emits infrared light and a light detector that detects reflected infrared light. When the electronic device is in the vicinity of a user's head, the proximity sensor may produce data indicative of the presence of the user's head. Variations in proximity sensor output due to smudges on the proximity sensor can be detected by providing the proximity sensor with an additional light source. The additional light source may be used to inject light into the display layer. The injected light may be guided within the display layer by total internal reflection. In the presence of smudge, the internally reflecting light may deviate from its normal propagation path.

Abstract: A light scattering type smoke sensor includes a sensor body, light-emitter for emitting light toward an open smoke-sensing space and outputting a light-received signal according to the amount of scattering light received, and a fire judging unit for judging whether fire occurs or not on the basis of the amount of received light determined on the basis of the outputted light-received signal.

Abstract: Remote control systems that can distinguish predetermined light sources from stray light sources, e.g., environmental light sources and/or reflections are provided. The predetermined light sources can be disposed in asymmetric substantially linear or two-dimensional patterns. The predetermined light sources also can output waveforms modulated in accordance with one or more signature modulation characteristics. The predetermined light sources also can output light at different signature wavelengths.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus that can generate PV power and simultaneously provide artificial lighting. The devices disclosed herein include a first optical structure having a plurality of focusing elements that can collect and focus ambient light onto a first set of light redirecting elements that is optically coupled to at least photovoltaic (PV) cell. The devices also include at least one illumination source that is optically coupled to a first edge of a second optical structure including a second set of light redirecting elements that can direct light from the at least one illumination source out of the device to provide artificial lighting. The at least one photovoltaic cell is coupled to a second edge of the second optical structure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope arrangement provided with: a microscope (10) having at least two optical outputs (12, 14) for outputting a fluorescence signal and a switching arrangement (16) for switching the output of the fluorescence signal between the optical outputs; a beam splitter arrangement (18); optical elements (28, 30) for generating a separate partial beam path (24, 26) associated with each output in such a way that the respective fluorescence signal of each of the outputs is superimposed at the beam splitter arrangement after passing through the respective partial beam path; and also at least two optical detectors (20, 22), wherein for each of the partial beam paths, one of the detectors is located behind the beam splitter, seen from the microscope, in reflection and another of the detectors is located behind the beam splitter arrangement, seen from the microscope, in transmission.

Abstract: A biosensor includes light emitting elements and a light receiving element disposed on a principal surface of a wiring board; a light shielding portion disposed between a light-emitting-element sealing portion and a light-receiving-element sealing portion; a base medium having light transmitting properties, disposed in parallel with the wiring board with the light shielding portion therebetween; an adhesion layer having light transmitting properties, configured to bond the base medium with the light-emitting-element sealing portion, the light-receiving-element sealing portion, and the light shielding portion; and a first electrocardiograph electrode attached to a principal surface of the base medium. The refractive index of the base medium is set to be higher than that of the adhesion layer, and a surface of the first electrocardiograph electrode which is adjacent to the base medium is roughened so that stray light passing through the base medium will be scattered.

Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device includes a circuit board, a first light emitting module, a first light receiving module, a second light emitting module, a second light receiving module, and an optical coupling member. The light emitting modules and the light receiving modules are mounted on the circuit board. The optical coupling member includes a first reflective surface obliquely connected to the light incident surface, four converging lenses, a second reflective surface, and a third reflective surface. The converging lenses are formed on the light incident surface. The first reflective surface defines a recess for receiving the second and third reflective surfaces. The third converging lens is fed by the second reflective surface and the fourth converging lens is fed by the third reflective surface.

Abstract: A line sensor unit includes: a first light source configured to emit excitation light that excites a fluorescent substance; a second light source configured to emit non-excitation light that does not excite the fluorescent substance; a line sensor configured to receive light from a medium obtained by irradiating the medium with the excitation light or the non-excitation light; a light-emitting unit, which is excited upon receipt of the excitation light, configured to emit light responsive to the excitation light, the emitted light being incident on the line sensor; and a light-shielding unit, which is provided on a side opposite to a line-sensor side of the light-emitting unit, configured to block light advancing from the light-emitting unit to the medium.

Abstract: A sensing apparatus for detecting light of first and second fluorescent wavelength bands has a light source to generate an excitation wavelength to a first collimator element. A dichroic multiplexer has a first coated surface oblique to the optical axis and treated to transmit the excitation wavelength and to reflect the second fluorescent wavelength band and a second coated surface treated to transmit the excitation wavelength and the second fluorescent wavelength band and to reflect the first fluorescent wavelength band. A focusing element focuses the excitation light toward a light guide and directs collimated light of the first and second fluorescent wavelength bands from the light guide to the dichroic multiplexer. A first detector element is in the path of reflected light of the first fluorescent wavelength band and a second detector element is in the path of reflected light of the second fluorescent wavelength band.

Abstract: The system for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of this present invention comprises a detecting material made by blending a nano-material and a conductive polymer. The system for detecting VOCs presents the property of high sensitivity, high sensing accuracy, quick response, and real-time VOC detecting, and is demonstrated in the present work for commercialization usage. The system for detecting VOCs can be easily operated to detect VOC without electronic detecting method, and hence this invention can reduce a lot of operation energy and procedure. Furthermore, when adding inorganic nanoparticles, the area of VOC exposure of this invention is increased and the molecular morphology variation of the detecting material is enhanced, and hence the detecting activity of the system for detecting VOCs is improved.

Abstract: An automatically adjustable method for use in opto-acoustic metrology or other types of metrology operations is described. The method includes modifying the operation of a metrology system that uses a PSD style sensor arrangement. The method may be used to quickly adjust the operation of a metrology system to ensure that the data obtained therefrom are of the desired quality. Further, the method is useful in searching for and optimizing data that is or can be correlated to substrate or sample features or characteristics that of interest. Apparatus and computer readable media are also described.