Abstract: A tool for shutting off water supplies is disclosed. A variety of water supply valves can be controlled with a single tool. The tool has different fittings on each end, such as wrenches. The wrenches may be of variable width to accommodate a large number of water supply valves. A bar is inserted into rings provided on the tool to provide substantial torque to open and close the water supply valves. The tool can be readily stored and carried on utility or fire trucks.

Abstract: A tub/shower valve assembly includes a three-position valve stem adapter for varying the depth dimension of the assembly. The stem adapter has a splined bore with stop members located at a position skewed towards one end of the stem adapter. The stem adapter can thus be pushed onto the valve stem different distances depending on which is the leading end. The stem adapter can be disposed onto the valve stem a further distance by pushing the stop members past the end of the valve stem, allowed by outward expansion of the sides of the stem adapter.

Abstract: A valve stem assembly for use with a pneumatic tire includes a stem, a first quick couple connector and a second quick couple connector. The first quick couple connector is attached to the stem. The first quick couple connector includes a first valve therein. The second quick couple connector is detachably coupled with the first quick couple connector. The second quick couple connector opens the first valve when the first quick couple connector and the second quick couple connector are coupled together. The second quick couple connector includes a second valve therein.

Abstract: A valve closure assembly (50) for remotely and automatically closing a railway tank car valve (V1, V2, V3, V4), characterized by improved convenience in mounting on a tank car dome (160) and adaptability to various dome geometries, valve configurations, and car-to-car dimensional variations. A clamp assembly (52) mounts assembly (50) on dome (160). An adapter (90) operated by a motor (58) acting through a torque limiter (88) turns a valve handle (A1, A2, A3, A4) when motor (58) runs. A positioning mechanism (54) selectively positions adapter (90) relative to clamp assembly (52) to establish a spatial relationship between them for enabling clamp assembly (52) to be placed at a desired location on the dome wall (162) and adapter (90) to engage a valve handle. Positioning mechanism (54) comprises three degrees of freedom of motion for establishing the spatial relationship of adapter (90) to clamp assembly (52), two of which are in the horizontal plane.

Abstract: A valve closure assembly (50) for remotely and automatically closing a railway tank car valve (V1, V2, V3, V4), characterized by improved convenience in mounting on a tank car dome (160) and adaptability to various dome geometries, valve configurations, and car-to-car dimensional variations. A clamp assembly (52) mounts assembly (50) on dome (160). An adapter (180) operated by a motor (58) turns a valve handle (A1, A2, A3, A4) when motor (58) runs. A positioning mechanism (54) selectively positions adapter (180) relative to clamp assembly (52) to establish a spatial relationship between them for enabling clamp assembly (52) to be placed at a desired location on the dome wall (162) and adapter (180) to engage a valve handle. Positioning mechanism (54) comprises three degrees of freedom of motion for establishing the spatial relationship of adapter (180) to clamp assembly (52), two of which are in the horizontal plane.

Abstract: A valve closure assembly (50) for remotely and automatically closing railway tank car valves (V1, V2, V3, V4) characterized by a series of novel adapters (180, 240, 242, 244, 252, 254) for enabling one valve closure assembly to turn the handles of various different valves, including soft-seat valves and hard-seat valves.

Abstract: A control device for an oil drain valve can control opening and closing of the oil drain valve at a far end. The oil drain valve includes a base and a control element connected to the base. The control device further includes a guide element and a driving element. The guide element at an end thereof is joined to the base and the driving element passes through the guide element. An end of the driving element is joined to the control element and another end of the driving element can be pulled from the far end to rotate the control element for controlling opening and closing.

Abstract: A tub/shower valve assembly includes a three-position valve stem adapter for varying the depth dimension of the assembly. The stem adapter has a splined bore with stop members located at a position skewed towards one end of the stem adapter. The stem adapter can thus be pushed onto the valve stem different distances depending on which is the leading end. The stem adapter can be disposed onto the valve stem a further distance by pushing the stop members past the end of the valve stem, allowed by outward expansion of the sides of the stem adapter.

Abstract: An improved valve handle that has a proximal end attached to the valve and operable to actuate the valve, and a distal end that defines an opening therein. The opening is adapted to receive a handle extension. The handle extension is a standard rachet handle having a drive plug that is received in the opening. The ratchet drive of the handle extension is set in the proper position and the handle is placed in a desired orientation relative to the handle and taking into account the space available for the extension. The extension may be removed from the handle or may be stored in place by aligning the handle extension with the length of the handle.

Abstract: A knob for a medical post valve, the post valve having a threaded bonnet with a diameter, and a valve stem, the valve stem having an external end shaped, generally, as a cylinder with two opposing flat sides, the knob comprising a hub having an elongated body with a diameter that is generally the same size as the bonnet diameter, the body having a first end, a second end, and an axial cavity, the first end having a medial slot extending in across the first end in a direction perpendicular to the cavity, an elongated handle, the handle sized to fit within the cavity, the handle movable between a first position and a second position, the handle first position being disposed within such cavity with the axis of the handle generally aligned with the axis of the body, and the handle second position being disposed within the slot with the axis of the handle extending perpendicular to the axis of the body.

Abstract: A control apparatus (10) for controlling flow of water through a shower head (21) supplied with water from conventional taps (11,12) through a water outlet (14), the control apparatus (10) including a flow valve (17) connected to the outlet (14) and operating means for the valve in the form of a rigid rod (24) attached to the valve (17) and extending to a position adjacent the taps (11,12). Movement of the rod (24) in opposite directions effects opening and closing of the valve (17). The rod (24) may also carry a cover or shield to cover the taps (11, 12) to prevent their inadvertent operation.

Abstract: A faucet handle mechanism for attaching a faucet handle to a faucet valve body, which valve body has a rotatable valve stem, includes an adapter coaxial with and attached to the valve stem for concurrent rotation with the stem. There is an insert coaxial with and attached to the adapter for concurrent rotation with the insert and stem. A handle is coaxial with and attached to the insert for concurrent rotation with the insert, adapter and valve stem. A fastener secures the adapter, insert and handle together. There is a generally cylindrical chassis coaxial with and extending about the adapter, with the chassis being non-rotatably attached to the valve body. A shell is non-rotatably mounted on the chassis, with the chassis having an upper bearing surface which rotatably supports a lower bearing surface on the insert. The chassis and adapter have cooperating elements which prevent relative axial movement therebetween.

Abstract: A utility valve key comprising at least one center member which may have at least one handle on one end. The opposite end may include at least one key member directly attached thereto for turning a valve including, but not limited to, plastic ball valves, gate valves and brass ball valves.

Abstract: A retrofittable electric valve operating mechanism is provided which can be attached to an existing manual valve configuration while still allowing the manual feature of the valve to be utilized in two different manners. The configuration includes features which allow for certain misalignment of elements lying along the drive path, and can be installed without disturbing the existing plumbing associated with the valve.

Abstract: A retrofittable electric valve operating mechanism is provided which can be attached to an existing manual valve configuration while still allowing the manual feature of the valve to be utilized in two different manners. The configuration includes features which allow for certain misalignment of elements lying along the drive path, and can be installed without disturbing the existing plumbing associated with the valve.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for remotely venting or opening a container sealed by a bung. The apparatus comprises a support structure, a means for attachment to the container by a strap, a bung wrench, and means for aligning and rotatably supporting the bung wrench. The alignment means allows the bung wrench to accommodate any deformation of the container face. The bung wrench can include a ratchet for multiple turns of the bung. An extension arm is connected to the bung wrench, and a cable is attachable to the end of the extension arm. The cable is attached to the extension arm, and extended away from the container in a direction whereby pulling the cable sufficient to move the extension arm will produce the desired rotation of the bung, thereby venting the container.

Abstract: A handle for a shower valve has a fixed portion having a first bearing surface and a movable portion having a second bearing surface. A spring biases the first and second surfaces into engagement. The fixed portion includes a chassis that is threadedly attached to a valve body. The chassis mounts an interchangeable lower shell that has a decorative finish or shape. Rotation of the lower shell causes rotation of the chassis for installation or removal of the handle on the valve body.

Abstract: An arrangement intended for a stop valve (1) comprises a tubular member (9). The stop valve (1) is located in the ground (2) and has a valve housing (11) and a valve bonnet (12) fixed thereto with the aid of a fixing means (14), said valve bonnet having a valve spindle (15) supporting a movable stop means (16), such as a slide. The tubular member (9) extends from the valve (1) up to ground level to enable operation of the valve spindle (15). A collar means (10′) is tightly connected with and supported by the valve housing (11). The collar means (10′) has a collar portion (32) which surrounds the valve bonnet (12) and the fixing means (14) and is tightly connected with the lower end of the tubular member (9), the diameter of the tubular member (9) essentially corresponding to the diameter of the collar portion (32). Moreover, the arrangement comprises a pipe access means (12′), which instead of the valve bonnet (12) from ground level is tightly mountable on said valve housing (11).

Abstract: An extension handle for a manual valve connected at its first end to the stem of the valve by a pin which extends through the extension handle, the standard handle and the valve stem. A handle bracket may be mounted to the manual valve.

Abstract: A method of producing a valve includes the steps of: providing a mold comprising a pair of mating mold halves, with each of the mold halves including a mold cavity; providing a valve member-stem unit comprising a valve member of substantially circular cross-section attached to a stem, with the valve member including a passageway extending therethrough in a direction generally normal to the stem; inserting a mold core into the passageway of the valve member-stem unit to form a mold insert assembly; positioning the mold insert assembly within the cavity of a first of the mold halves; positioning a second of the mold halves in adjacent contacting relationship with the first mold half such that the mold insert assembly is located within the mold cavities of the first and second mold halves; injecting a polymeric material into the mold half cavities such that a valve casing forms around and captures the valve member-stem unit; and removing the valve casing, the valve member-stem unit and the mold core from the mol

Abstract: A valve stem extension for extending the length of a valve stem, the valve stem extension including an extension member and a rotation resisting member. The extension member has a first end for engaging the valve stem and defines an opening which exposes two opposing flat sides of the valve stem when the extension member is engaged with the valve stem. The rotation resisting member includes two opposing flat sides and is configured to be insertable within the opening of the extension member after engagement of the extension member with the valve stem. When positioned in the opening of the extension member, the two opposing flat sides of the rotation resisting member engage the two opposing flat sides of the valve stem to resist rotation of the extension member relative to the valve stem.

Abstract: In a beverage tap of the kind used in ale houses, pubs and restaurants, a tap-handle-assembly extension is provided that facilitates the operation of the tap with one hand so that the server can easily fill two receptacles from two taps simultaneously without wasting beverage. Disclosed embodiments include an extension that may be reversibly retrofitted to an existing tap, an extension that is incorporated into the structure of a tap handle, and an extension that is connected to and contiguous with an upper retaining nut.

Abstract: A spigot handle extender, an apparatus for extending a valve handle, includes a rotatable body and engaging means for engaging a valve handle so as to be rotatable conjointly therewith. The engaging means is positioned within the body and is also rotatable conjointly with the body, so that the engaging means rotates an engaged valve handle in response to the rotation of the body. In a preferred embodiment, the body is formed by identical hermaphroditic body halves. The body includes a pair of attached opposing wings, a plurality of slots, and a central bore. The engaging means is an engager which includes abase with an opening, a plurality of bosses projecting from one side, and a plurality of fingers projecting from the opposite side. The bosses on the base fit engagingly into the slots within the body and the fingers on the base fit engagingly between the spokes of the valve handle when the engager and valve handle are enclosed within the body.

Abstract: A universal-fit replacement flange and handle set includes a template formed with an easily torn apart material and having a pair of lugs which have free ends with pre-punched holes spaced at a distance from one another. The set further includes mounting brackets, each having opposite ends formed with openings and pivotally mounted on the lug by its one end to pivot in a position, wherein the other end is attached to a support surface. The set has a flange and handle assembly having a pair of recesses spaced at a distance equal to the distance between the pre-punched holes. The recesses are aligned with the pre-punched holes and are traversed by fasteners attaching the flange and handle assembly to the brackets upon removing the template. The set further includes an adapter enabling adjustment of a handle of the flange and handle assembly with respect to the support surface.

Abstract: A conversion or extension kit to be used with standard valves using standard elements to provide access to a manual valve at the side of the pipe bracket. The valve mounted to the pipe bracket includes a stem connected to the valve element and having a key. A handle has an opening for mating with a key. An extension shaft is provided having a first end for mating with the key of the stem and having a second end for mating with the opening of the handle. An additional bracket or handle bracket is provided and mounted to the control valve. The extension shaft is pivotally mounted to the handle bracket.

Abstract: A conversion or extension kit to be used with standard valves using standard elements to provide access to a manual valve at the side of the pipe bracket. The valve mounted to the pipe bracket includes a stem connected to the valve element and having a key. A handle has an opening for mating with a key. An extension shaft is provided having a first end for mating with the key of the stem and having a second end for mating with the opening of the handle. An additional bracket or handle bracket is provided and mounted to the control valve directly or via the manual valve. The extension shaft is pivotally mounted to the handle bracket.

Abstract: A retrofittable electric valve operating mechanism is provided which can be attached to an existing manual valve configuration while still allowing the manual feature of the valve to be utilized in two different manners. The configuration includes features which allow for certain misalignment of elements lying along the drive path, and can be installed without disturbing the existing plumbing associated with the valve.

Abstract: A handle assembly is connectable to a valve stem of a valve extending from a deck mounting above an escutcheon flange engaging the valve and the deck. The handle assembly includes a handle adapter to which a handle is connected. The handle adapter has a lower section on which a handle hub, bell shaped, is journaled. The handle hub is threadedly connected to the escutcheon flange to operatively connect the handle adapter to the valve stem with no visible connection means showing.

Abstract: A stem extender for use with a faucet valve assembly which contains a valve body, a valving member including a valve stem rotatably disposed in the valve body, a stop member including a detent and a bore non-rotatably mounted on the valve body with the valve stem extending through the bore, and a handle for rotating the valve stem and the valving member. The stem extender includes a tubular member having a camming surface which cooperates with the detent of the stop member to ensure that the valving member is rotated to a sufficiently open position to prevent so-called "temperature kick" which occurs when the valving member is in the only slightly open position. The tubular member includes a slot opposite the camming surface adapted to receive a compression spring.

Abstract: A tire valve extension attachment connected to tire valve for fascilitating inflation of the tire. The extension attachment comprises a housing, a top element an upper holder element, a lower holder element and a depressing rod, wherein the depressing rod is passed through both holder members and fixedly connected with the top element; the holder members each have protrusions surrounding the depressing rod to limit the transverse movement of the depressing rod. The top element, when the extension attachment is connected to an air pump, is depressed and allows air to pass into the extension attachment from an aperture formed between the top element and the housing and finally through the tire valve to inflate the tire, the depressing rod being simultaneously depressed so as to force the tire valve to open. Every two adjacent protrusions of the holder members have a vent hole in between for air to pass through the holder members in inflating the tire.

Abstract: A gas turbine system has a shaft assembly for controlling a flap for the hot gases in the form of a solid stub shaft connected to a tubular shaft via a mechanical entrainer system either in the form of a set of links articulated to the stub shaft and the tubular shaft or in a radial claw arrangement in which between radial claws on the stub shaft, axial entrainers of the hollow shaft engage.

Abstract: This invention relates to an adaptor having one end for activating a valve and another end for connection to a rod said adaptor including a socket at said one end to register with said valve for operating said valve, and including a slot at said other end for receiving and pivotally connecting to said rod. The invention also teaches a pin removal tool for removing pins underground from the surface.

Abstract: A garden hose valve spindle extender comprised of an elongated rod. A knob is secured to a first end of the elongated rod. The device contains an attachment plate having a fitting extending outwardly therefrom. The attachment plate is securable to an existing water spigot. The device also contains a universal joint having an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion is secured to a second end of the elongated rod. The lower end is coupled to the fitting extending outwardly from the attachment plate.

Abstract: A one piece coupler for a curb box shut off valve comprised of a shaft having a top and a base, the base being comprised of a U-shaped member having two depending arms extending longitudinally parallel to the longitudinal centerline of the shaft, each depending arm of the U-shaped member having spring loaded fastening means therein, at least one of which spring loaded fastening means is adjustable, the spring loaded fastening means extending substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, the top of the shaft being shaped to receive turning means.

Abstract: A modified air valve construction is provided for use in combination with a modern bicycle wheel having a rim for mounting a tire and an inner tube within the tire. Since many modern rims include relatively deep radiallyinwardly extending fairings which encompass air valves of conventional length, in accordance with the invention, an air valve adapter is received through an inwardly facing hole in the rim and attaches to the original valve stem. The adapter can be operated to selectively open or lock the unmodified valve. A nozzle from a pump can, in turn, be connected to the adapter to inflate the inner tube.

Abstract: A rotatable control device or valve including a body housing a control mechanism and a rotatably mounted control shaft connected to the control mechanism. Stops are spaced circumferentially relative to the control shaft. A stop arm is operably connected to the control shaft and engages the stops to limit rotational movement of the control mechanism between first and second positions. An elongated extension is drivingly connected to the stop arm, and an elongated operating handle is connected to the extension with the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the operating handle corresponding in a predetermined relationship to the position of the control member. A registration mechanism permits the extension to be drivingly connected to the stop arm only when the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the operating handle corresponds in the predetermined relationship to the position of the control means.

Abstract: A modular valve field convertible between a wet and dry configuration including a valve body and a passage within the valve body for allowing fluid to flow therethrough. A valve seat and clapper are positioned within the valve body. The clapper is allowed to pivot between a first position wherein the clapper is sealingly engaged with the valve seat and a second position wherein the clapper is spaced from the valve seat to allow fluid to flow through the valve. The operator controls the position of the clapper with respect to the valve seat. An operator securely retains the clapper in the first position in a first mode of operation and allows the clapper to freely move between the first and second positions in a second mode of operation. A controller governs the position of the clapper with respect to the valve seat when the operator is in the second mode of operation.

Abstract: A winterizing system (10) for underground sprinkler systems which can be newly installed during the sprinkler system installation, or can be utilized as a retrofit design, having a single valve means (13) and a drive shaft (19) to allow winterization completely from the exterior of building structure (50). Drive shaft (19), which may be flexible for most retrofit installations, is mounted such that it is accessible from the exterior. Upon manipulation of drive shaft (19) inlet port (14) and drain port (16), with connected drain line (24), can be opened and closed by a technician without entrance into building structure (50). Additional features include backflow prevention devices, tamper-proof drive shaft keys, and special connectors.

Abstract: A winterizing system (10) for underground sprinkler systems which can be newly installed during the sprinkler system installation, or can be utilized as a retrofit design, having a single valve means (13) and a drive shaft (19) to allow winterization completely from the exterior of building structure (50). Drive shaft (19), which may be flexible for most retrofit installations, is mounted such that it is accessible from the exterior. Upon manipulation of drive shaft (19) inlet port (14) and drain port (16), with connected drain line (24), can be opened and closed by a technician without entrance into building structure (50). Additional features include backflow prevention devices, tamper-proof drive shaft keys, and special connectors.

Abstract: Coupling apparatus includes a bracket fixed to the housing of an air motor and an actuator mechanism fixed to the rotary output shaft of the air motor for coupling the air motor in driving engagement with a handwheel-operated valve for remote power actuation thereof. The apparatus is freely movable into and out of coupling engagement with the valve in directions axially of the valve stem without the use of tools, a retaining bar being pivotal between a release position accommodating movement of the apparatus into coupling engagement with the valve and a retaining position preventing movement from coupling engagement.

Abstract: A tool comprising an elongated handle on the upper end of a driver member for remotely changing the rotational setting of a diverter valve mounted in the suction outlet of a skimmer for a swimming pool. The diverter valve is provided with an adapter ring having a protrusion on the top surface thereof. The driver member comprises a skirt with an upper hub portion. The skirt is provided with a slot on the bottom edge thereof and openings on the sidewall thereof. The hub portion has the elongated handle extending upwardly therefrom and an axial projection extending downwardly therefrom. While the circulating pump for the pool is running, the axial projection enables the skirt to be readily positioned and seated over the upper end portion of the diverter valve and the openings on the sidewall of the skirt enable the driver member to be removed from the diverter valve by permitting water in the skimmer to flow into the suction outlet thereof to break the suction.

Abstract: A modular valve field convertible between a wet and dry configuration including a valve body and a passage within the valve body for allowing fluid to flow therethrough. A valve seat and clapper are positioned within the valve body. The clapper is allowed to pivot between a first position wherein the clapper is sealingly engaged with the valve seat and a second position wherein the clapper is spaced from the valve seat to allow fluid to flow through the valve. The operator controls the position of the clapper with respect to the valve seat. An operator securely retains the clapper in the first position in a first mode of operation and allows the clapper to freely move between the first and second positions in a second mode of operation. A controller governs the position of the clapper with respect to the valve seat when the operator is in the second mode of operation.

Abstract: An spray gun extension used in the application of liquids such as paints and other coatings, cleaning solutions, solvents, blasting agents, solvents, sealants, lubricants and pesticides in high volume low pressure spraying. The extension allow the application of such liquids to areas above, below, around, behind, or into devices or fixtures not visible and otherwise inaccessible to the applicator. The extension is rotatively mounted to the spray gun. A spray head is rotatively mounted on the extension. A variety of spray nozzles may be used, including a fixed nozzle, and a nozzle which may be used to vary the spray pattern width and fan shape. Liquid flow is controlled by a needle valve near the end of the extension. The extension may be used to spray straight ahead or at any angle including back toward the spray gun.

Abstract: Coupling apparatus includes a bracket fixed to the housing of an air motor and an actuator member fixed to the rotary output shaft of the air motor for coupling the air motor in driving engagement with a handwheel-operated valve for remote power actuation thereof. The apparatus is freely movable into and out of coupling engagement with the valve in directions axially of the valve stem without the use of tools, the actuator legs being movable into rotating engagement with the handwheel for rotation thereof simultaneously with movement of the bracket into non-rotatable engagement with the valve body for anchoring the motor housing and preventing rotation thereof with its output shaft. Two embodiments are disclosed, one for use with a valve having a solid handwheel and a yoke and the other for use with a valve having a spoked handwheel and no yoke.

Abstract: A faucet handle assembly for concealed attachment to a valve operating stem includes a handle and a handle adapter which is attached to it. There is a valve body which holds a valve member which has a valve stem extending outwardly therefrom into the handle adapter for attachment thereto. There is an exterior hub which is attached adjacent one end thereof to the valve body. The hub has interlocking means with the handle and handle adapter which prevent relative longitudinal movement between these elements but provides for rotary movement of the handle relative to the hub. There is a bearing positioned between facing surfaces of the handle and hub to provide for smooth rotation therebetween.

Abstract: Herein disclosed are a hot/cold water mixing faucet structure and a mounting structure therefor, which are installed on a lavatory sink and enabled to joint and integrate a control knob and a faucet body directly and to control the separate two at a remote position by a control cable. The faucet body (15) housing a control unit (30) for controlling the temperature and/or flow of hot water to be spouted can be integrated into the hot/cold water mixing faucet device by separating the faucet body (15) and a control knob (16) and by jointing the two directly into the integral hot/cold water mixing faucet device through the meshing of the threads (29a and 26b). The faucet body (15) can be disposed in a different position by separating the control knob (16) and the faucet body (15) and connecting them to the ends (17a and 17b) of a removable control cable (17), and by mounting the control knob (16) on the lavatory sink (9) and so on.

Abstract: An internal tank valve for a mobile tank car. The valve is a cam actuated, quick action cam and self-locking valve. A drive shaft actuates a cam roller which in turn controls the movement of a slide which moves a valve element transversely to a valve seat. The valve is controlled by a valve operator positioned inside of the tank and releasably connected to the valve.

Abstract: An internal tank valve for a tank having an opening of a valve seat supported from the tank, a valve element support connected to the valve seat and extending into the interior of the tank, and a sealing valve element inside of said tank rotatably supported from the valve support for coacting with the valve seat for opening and closing the valve. A valve operator is supported from the tank and extends to and is connected to the seating element and extends to the outside of the tank and includes means for rotating the sealing valve element. The internal valve and operator may be repaired and replaced from outside of the tank.

Abstract: A linkage attachment device is used in cold weather in combination with f and water dispensing nozzles having triggers for opening and closing valves for dispensing liquids and for stopping the flow of liquid, without manual contact by the user with such nozzles. Means are provided for preventing the unintended opening of the valves and for limiting the degree to which the valves can be opened by actuating the linkage attachment device.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system capable of permitting an accessory component such as a port relief valve or the like to be mounted on a valve body. A cap member is interposedly arranged between a valve body and a solenoid, so that the valve body or the like and a casing of the solenoid or the like may prevented from interfering with each other when the accessory is mounted in the accessory port.