Abstract: Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of difluoromethane and isobutane, butane, propylene or cyclopropane; pentafluoroethane and propylene or cyclopropane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and propane; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and cyclopropane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and DME or propylene; 1,1-difluoroethane and propane, isobutane, butane or cyclopropane; fluoroethane and propane or cyclopropane; 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, DME, isobutane or propane; or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, isobutane or propane.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions containing difluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and an alcohol. These compositions can be used especially as solvent for cleaning electronic components and for degreasing metals.

Abstract: Improved cleaner-drier compositions completely free of environmentally objectionable chlorinated solvents are provided which include a combination of diacetone alcohol and a terpene fraction such as d-limonene alone or in combination with other terpenes. The diacetone alcohol/-terpene fraction combination should comprise at least about 80% by weight of the overall composition, and the ration of diacetone alcohol to the terpene fraction should be from about 0.4-1.9. The most preferred composition is a 60/40 w/w mixture of diacetone alcohol and d-limonene.

Abstract: An azeotropic composition includes a perfluorinated cycloaminoether and an organic solvent.

Abstract: Melt formable thermoplastic resins which exhibit a difference in color between their wet and dry states, processes for melt forming such resins, and the resulting melt formed shaped articles are provided.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions containing selected hydrogen-containing fluorochlorohydrocarbons, selected surface-active agents, and optional amounts of water and/or ammonia.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant composite comprising silica gel granules coated with a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor component. The corrosion inhibitor component is selected from a formulation comprising anhydrous molybdates such as ammonium dimolybdate, sodium molybdate and amine molybdates mixed with benzotriazole and sodium nitrate, or from a formulation comprising amine benzoates, amine nitrates and benzotriazole. The composites can be impregnated into foam, extruded with polyolefin films which can additionally be laminated with metallized second film, or encapsulated in an air-permeable container. The corrosion inhibitor formulations have vapor pressures which provide ongoing corrosion protection for susceptible articles situated favorably with respect to the composite.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion. The composition contains a mixture of a dessicant and a vapor-corrosion inhibitor. The mixture of dessicant and inhibitor is synergistic: the service life of the corrosion inhibitor is significantly longer when so used than when used alone or in in the presence of but not physically mixed with the dessicant.

Abstract: Scavenger compositions useful for purifying process gas streams, such as process gas streams, such as hydrogen, nitrogen, noble gases, diborane, and hydride gases from Groups IVA-VIA of the Periodic Table, such as arsine, phosphine, silane, germane, hydrogen selenide, and hydrogen telluride, and mixtures thereof, to remove water, oxygen, and other oxidant and Lewis acid impurities therefrom, such scavenger comprising a porous, high surface area inert support having thereon an active scavenging species, formed by the deposition on the support of a Group IA metal and pyrolysis thereof at a selected elevated temperature on said support.

Abstract: A method of cloud seeding for precipitation enhancement comprises releasing hygroscopic seeding particles from a seeding flare 10. The particles are obtained by burning, in the flare, a pyrotechnic composition which includes, as an oxidizing agent, a compound selected from the group consisting in potassium chlorate and potassium perchlorate. The particles are allowed to enter a suitable cloud formation. The particles act as seeds or nuclei for precipitable water drop formation, thereby to enhance precipitation from the cloud formation.

Abstract: To replace cleaning compositions based on 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113), the invention provides a composition comprising, by weight, 30 to 69% 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (F365-mfc), 30 to 60% methylene chloride and 1 to 10% methanol. These three compounds form a positive azeotrope (B.p.=32.1.degree. C. at normal pressure).The composition, optionally stabilized, can be used for the cleaning and/or the drying of solid surfaces, in particular for removing flux from printed circuits and for degreasing mechanical components.

Abstract: To replace cleaning compositions based on 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113), the invention provides a composition comprising, by weight, 30 to 70% 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (F365-mfc) and 70 to 30% methylene chloride. These two compounds form a positive azeotrope (B.p.=33.6.degree. C. at normal pressure).The composition, optionally stabilized, can be used for the cleaning and/or the drying of solid surfaces, in particular for removing flux from printed circuits and for degreasing mechanical components.

Abstract: The invention provides a desiccant composition comprising an alcohol and a fluorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon compound of the general formulaC.sub.n F.sub.m H.sub.2n+2-mwherein m and n each is a positive integer satisfying the relations: 4.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.6 and 2n-2.ltoreq.m<2n+2, and a method of desiccating an article with said desiccant composition.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant composite comprising silica gel granules coated with a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor component. The corrosion inhibitor component is selected from a formulation comprising anhydrous molybdates such as ammonium dimolybdate, sodium molybdate and amine molybdates mixed with benzotriazole and sodium nitrate, or from a formulation comprising amine benzoates, amine nitrates and benzotriazole. The composites can be impregnated into foam, extruded with polyolefin films which can additionally be laminated with metallized second film, or encapsulated in an air-permeable container. The corrosion inhibitor formulations have vapor pressures which provide ongoing corrosion protection for susceptible articles situated favorably with respect to the composite.

Abstract: A neutralizing absorbent for acids and bases comprising a superabsorbent powder, a neutralizing chemical, and, optionally, a pH indicator. The absorbent comes in solid form for ease of application. A method for treating acid and base spills is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for removing residual amounts of oxygen and water vapor from the controlled atmosphere of an enclosed chamber. A small volume of high-purity silicon is heated in a crucible placed inside the chamber. The silicon is typically heated with a power source separate from that used for heating the chamber and its primary contents. The heated silicon functions as an effective oxygen getter for removing residual oxygen and water vapor from the controlled atmosphere before and/or during a process conducted in the chamber. Heating the silicon to a molten state can induce beneficial convective stirring that keeps the silicon surface fresh for effective, efficient, and continuous capturing of oxygen.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant composite comprising silica gel granules coated with a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor component. The corrosion inhibitor component is selected from a formulation comprising anhydrous molybdates such as ammonium dimolybdate, sodium molybdate and amine molybdates mixed with benzotriazole and sodium nitrate, or from a formulation comprising amine benzoates, amine nitrates and benzotriazole. The composites can be impregnated into foam, extruded with polyolefin films which can additionally be laminated with metallized second film, or encapsulated in an air-permeable container. The corrosion inhibitor formulations have vapor pressures which provide ongoing corrosion protection for susceptible articles situated favorably with respect to the composite.

Abstract: Methods of using a mixture as a corrosion inhibitor, moisture or formaldehyde scavenger, reactive diluent, rheological modifier, thermoplastic foam inhibitor, antifreezing agent, decolorizing agent, or drying agent. The mixture consists of from 0 to 100 mole percent of an iminoalcohol compound: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, a branched or straight chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are fused together with the attached carbon to form a cycloalkane ring; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are, individually, a hydrogen atom, a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, or a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group; R.sub.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting corrosion. The composition contains a mixture of a dessicant and a vapor-corrosion inhibitor. The mixture of dessicant and inhibitor is synergistic: the service life of the corrosion inhibitor is signficiantly longer when so used than when used alone or in in the presence of but not physically mixed with the dessicant.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant composite comprising silica gel granules coated with a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor component. The corrosion inhibitor component is selected from a formulation comprising anhydrous molybdates such as ammonium dimolybdate, sodium molybdate and amine molybdates mixed with benzotriazole and sodium nitrate, or from a formulation comprising amine benzoates, amine nitrates and benzotriazole. The composites can be impregnated into foam, extruded with polyolefin films which can additionally be laminated with metallized second film, or encapsulated in an air-permeable container. The corrosion inhibitor formulations have vapor pressures which provide ongoing corrosion protection for susceptible articles situated favorably with respect to the composite.

Abstract: A hydrochlorofluoropropane azeotropic or azeotropic-like composition comprising at least two members selected from the group consisting of hydrochlorofluoropropanes of the formula I:CH.sub.a Cl.sub.b F.sub.c CF.sub.2 CH.sub.x Cl.sub.y F.sub.z (I)wherein a+b+c=3, x+y+z=3, a+x.gtoreq.1, b+y.gtoreq.1, and 0.ltoreq.a,b,c,x,y,z.ltoreq.3.

Abstract: The present invention provides hydrochlorofluorocarbons having 3 to 5 carbons atoms, 1 to 2 chlorine atoms, and an OH rate constant from about 8 to about 25 cm.sup.3 /molecule/sec.times.10.sup.-14. The hydrochlorofluorocarbons are useful as solvents and blowing agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to azeotropic and pseudoazeotropic compositions comprising difluoromethoxy-2,2,2-trifluoroethane with 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane or with 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane. These compositions can be employed as solvents, especially for cleaning electronic components and for degreasing metals, as blowing agents, especially for the preparation of polyurethane foams, or as refrigerants.

Abstract: An enclosure for providing both a moisture free and particle free environment is disclosed. A portion of the inner surface of the enclosure, that comprises an electronic device sealed in a container, is coated with a pressure sensitive adhesive comprising 4-40 percent, by volume, of a solid desiccant. The preferred adhesive is a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive and the preferred desiccant is zeolite.

Abstract: To replace 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113) in its applications to the cleaning and drying of solid surfaces, the invention propose to employ a (perfluoroalkyl) ethylene of formula:R.sub.f CH.dbd.CH.sub.2in which R.sub.f denotes a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl radical containing from 3 to 6 carbon atoms.In contrast to F113, (perfluoroalkyl)ethylenes are not liable to degrade stratospheric ozone.

Abstract: A composition composed of 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether and at least one surface-active substance and the use of such a composition for removing water from surfaces of objects of diverse material and type are described.

Abstract: A method of producing a photosensitive microcapsule which contains a polymerizable monomer and a polymerization initiator. Soluble water is displaced in the polymerizable monomer by performing one or both of distilling the polymerizable monomer and adding a dehydrating agent to the polymerizable monomer. The polymerization initiator and a first microcapsule-forming material are added to the water-displaced polymerizable monomer to produce a solution. Soluble oxygen in the polymerizable monomer is displaced by performing one or both of bubbling an inert gas and adding an oxygen absorbent to the polymerizable monomer. Soluble oxygen may also be displaced in an ionic surfactant by performing the bubbling and adding of oxygen absorbent. The ionic absorbent is added to the solution containing the polymerizable monomer and polymerization initiator, and then the solution is emulsified. A microcapsule membrane is produced by adding a second microcapsule-forming material to the emulsion.

Abstract: An oxygen absorbent composition containing a linear hydrocarbon polymer having one or more unsaturated groups or a mixture of a linear hydrocarbon polymer having one or more unsaturated groups with an unsaturated fatty acid compound and an oxidation promoter as essential components and optionally containing a basic substance and/or an adsorption substance; an oxygen absorbent parcel formed by packing the oxygen absorbent composition with a gas-permeable packing material; and a method of preserving an article by means of same.

Abstract: A cable of this invention includes a core comprising a plurality of coated optical fibers and a filling composition of matter which is disposed about the fibers. Typically, the fibers and the filling material are diposed within a tubular member which is disposed within a sheath system. The sheath system include longitudinally extending strength members and a plastic jacket. The filling composition which fills interstices in the core is one which includes an oil constituent which is a relatively high molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbon. The aliphatic hydrocarbon is a synthetic oil such as polyalphaolefin or mineral oil. A relatively large percent by weight of an antioxidant system is used to prevent thermal oxidative degradation of the filling material as well as of materials in contact with the filling material. Advantageously, for stabilization and metal deactivation, the composition includes zinc dialkyldithiophosphate or diaryldithiophosphate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a moisture-scavenging composition including the compound: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a methyl group, or a branched or straight chain alkyl or alkanol group; R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 are, individually, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cyclic alkyl or an aryl group; R.sub.5 is a methyl or methylol group, or a branched chain or straight chain alkyl or alkanol group; R.sub.7 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cyclic alkyl group, a carbonyl group or an aryl group, or R.sub.7 and R.sub.6 are fused together with the attached carbon to form an eight member bicyclic compound having the structure: ##STR2## wherein: R.sub.1 ' is a methyl group or a branched or straight chain alkyl or alkanol group; R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ', and R.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprising a volatile hydrochlorofluorocarbon such as 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane and demulsifer. The compositions are effective as drying agents.

Abstract: A process for preparing a moisture exchange element which comprises impregnating a substrate made of organic or inorganic fiber with an aqueous impregnating solution containing colloidal silica, an acid and a metallic cation; drying and gelatinizing the impregnating solution deposited on the impregnated substrate is disclosed. The absorbent formed on the substrate after the impregnating solution is dried has a pore size of about 60-70 .ANG., thus allowing the moisture exchange element of the present invention to provide improved moisture adsorbing/desorbing ability.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of effective amounts of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,-octofluorobutane; trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, or 1,3-dichloro-1,2,2,3,3-HCFC-225cb; and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, to form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: A moisture-scavenging composition including a mixture of moisture scavenging compounds, wherein the mixture consists of from 0 to 100 mole percent of an iminoalcohol compound: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, a branched or straight chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group; R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are fused together with the attached carbon to form a cycloalkane ring; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are, individually, a hydrogen atom, a methyl or methylol group, an ethyl or ethylol group, or a straight chain or branched chain alkyl or alkanol group; R.sub.6 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, or a straight chain or branched chain alkyl group; and R.sub.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of HFC-338pcc and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or N-propanol, or a ketone such as acetone, are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant formulation comprising silica gel granules coated with a finely divided anhydrous molybdate selected from the group consisting of anhydrous sodium molybdate, anhydrous ammonium dimolybdate, and anhydrous amine molybdates having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 7 carbon atoms, and wherein R.sub.2 is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 7 carbon atoms with these anhydrous molybdates being provided in admixture with sodium nitrite and benzotriazole. The composite formulations of the present invention have been found to be particularly desirable as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor when in contact with the environs of metals susceptible to corrosion including, for example, iron, aluminum, copper, and alloys such as alloys of iron, copper, and the like. The vapor phase corrosion inhibitors appear to exhibit improved properties when utilized as a powdered coating upon granular silica gel.

Abstract: Azeotropic mixtures of 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee) and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene or 1,1-dichloroethane are useful as cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of effective amounts of 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene; cis-1,2-dichloroethylene; or 1,1-dichloroethane to form an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition are disclosed that are useful as cleaning agents, refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: An improved high-solids coating composition is disclosed containing at least about 65% by weight of non-volatile material comprising at least one curable organic resin and a drier effective amount of at least one hydrocarbon-soluble neodymium salt of an organic carboxylic acid. A method of curing high-solids coating compositions is also disclosed utilizing at least one hydrocarbon-soluble neodymium salt of an organic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel desiccant powder and its use for the drying of solid substrates wetted by an aqueous or oily liquid such as, in particular, grains or seeds having undergone a coating or surface film-forming treatment.According to the invention, this desiccant powder contains at least 50% by weight of absorbents with respect to the toal weight of the said powder, being preferably available in the form of particles having a mean diameter less than about 100.mu., the said absorbents being constituted of at least one aluminosilicate, in particular mica, to at least 25% by weight with respect to the total weight of the said absorbents.This powder makes possible, in particular, the drying of colored grains or seeds.

Abstract: A process is provided for the froth flotation of oxide and salt type minerals utilizing as the collector a combination of a monoester of a dicarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7-21 carbon atoms, R" is a hydrocarbon radical with 2-6 carbon atoms and A is an alkylene oxide group derived from an alkylene oxide with 2-4 carbon atoms; and a monocarboxylic acid having the general formulaR'"COOH IIwherein R'" is a hydrocarbon group with 5-23 carbon atoms, the acid as being in an amount to increase the yield and/or the selectivity of the monoester in the flotation of alkaline earth metal-containing oxide and salt type minerals, such as apatite, fluorspar, calcite, baryte, scheelite, dolomite, and magnesite.

Abstract: A liquid composition comprising (a) predominantly by weight, a method of displacing water from a surface which comprises contacting the surface with a liquid, perfluorinated, chlorine-feee, inert solvent and (b) a nonionic, fluoroaliphatic surface active agent soluble in the solvent, and a process of displacing water from a surface which includes contacting the surface with a water displacement composition of the invention.

Abstract: A scavenger composition having utility for removal of water and silicon mu-oxide impurities from chlorosilanes, such scavenger composition comprising:(a) a support; and(b) associated with the support, one or more compound(s) selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula:R.sub.a-x MCl.sub.xwherein:M is a metal selected from the group consisting of the monovalent metals lithium, sodium, and potassium; the divalent metals magnesium, strontium, barium, and calcium; and the trivalent metal aluminum;R is alkyl;a is a number equal to the valency of metal M; andx is a number having a value of from 0 to a, inclusive; andwherein said compound(s) of the formula R.sub.a-x MCl.sub.x have been activated for impurity-removal service by a reaction scheme selected from those of the group consisting of:(i) reaction of such compound(s) with hydrogen chloride to form a first reaction product therefrom, followed by reaction of the first reaction product with a chlorosilane of the formula:SiH.sub.4-y Cl.sub.

Abstract: A liquid composition comprising (a) predominantly by weight, a normally liquid, perfluorinated, chlorine-free, inert solvent and (b) a nonionic, fluoroaliphatic surface active agent soluble in the solvent, and a process of displacing water from a surface which includes contacting the surface with water displacement composition of the invention.

Abstract: A moisture-absorbent composition contains 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic resin and 5 to 400 parts by weight of at least one among the group consisting of magnesium sulfate (represented generally by MgSO.sub.4.NH.sub.2 O (O.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.3), aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, silicon oxide, zeolite, barium oxide, and cobalt chloride. A moisture-absorbent molded item is formed of this composition in a shape of a film, a sheet, a plate, a bag, a pellet, or a container. The molded item may be used as a cushion insert, etc. which requires moisture absorption properties. A moisture-absorbent composition and an molded item made of the composition are provided with an indicator function, by specifying the amount of anhydrous cobalt chloride.

Abstract: A scavenger composition having utility for removal of water and silicon mu-oxide impurities from chlorosilanes, such scavenger composition comprising:(a) a support; and(b) associated with the support, one or more compound(s) selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula:R.sub.a-x MCl.sub.xwherein:M is a metal selected from the group consisting of the monovalent metals lithium, sodium, and potassium; the divalent metals magnesium, strontium, barium, and calcium; and the trivalent metal aluminum;R is alkyl;a is a number equal to the valency of metal M; andx is a number having a value from 0 to a, inclusive; andwherein said compound(s) of the formula R.sub.a-x MCl.sub.x have been activated for impurity-removal service by a reaction scheme selected from those of the group consisting of:(i) reaction of such compound(s) with hydrogen chloride to form a first reaction product therefrom, followed by reaction of the first reaction product with a chlorosilane of the formula:SiH.sub.4"y Cl.sub.

Abstract: Capsules containing a hygroscopic or deliquescent component are stabilized by a) forming a mixture of the hydrogscopic or deliquescent compound with a sufficient quantity of water to achieve an equilibrium, b) adding a thickening agent and c) heating the solution or suspension; and introducing the heated composition so formed into the capsule. Preferably an equilibrium-protecting agent, such as glycerin, is also added.

Abstract: A scavenger for purifying inert gas mixtures to remove Lewis acid and oxidant impurities therefrom, comprising (i) an inert inorganic support, and (ii) an active scavenging species on the support, formed by deposition thereon of an organometallic precursor and pyrolysis thereof at a selected elevated temperature. The organometallic precursor is an alkyl metal compound comprising a metal of Group IA, IIA, and/or IIIA, wherein the pyrolysis temperature may range from about 150.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C., depending on the specific alkyl metal compound employed as the precursor. Also disclosed are: a corresponding method of making the scavenger; a process for purifying inert gases by contacting same with the scavenger; and a vessel containing a bed of the scavenger, useful as an apparatus for purifying inert gases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying an aromatic nitration product mixture comprising a nitrated aromatic compound, water, and nitric or sulfuric acid which comprises without regard to sequence: (a) removing at least a portion of said water from said product mixture by contacting and reacting said water in said mixture with magnesium nitrate trihydrate to form magnesium nitrate pentahydrate or magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and removing said magnesium nitrate pentahydrate or magnesium nitrate hexahydrate from said nitrated aromatic compound in said product mixture, and (b) removing at least a portion of said acid from said product mixture by contacting and reacting said acid with an ionic or non-ionic absorbent to form a reacted absorbent and removing said reacted absorbent from said nitrated aromatic compound in said product mixture.

Abstract: The problems associated with patching, sealing and forming ice due to water run off and large imperfections on skating rinks is solved by the use of an additive for treating water which comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of water gelling starches and polymers of acrylic acid and sodium salt commonly referred to as super absorbent polymers and means for dispersing the polymer in water. The polymer absorbs water, which may be tap water at a temperature in the range of 45.degree.-55.degree. F., producing a generally homogenous mixture with slush-like consistence, when mixed with the water. The mixture may then by applied where patching, sealing or the formation of ice is required. The frozen mixture formed has desirable characteristics for skating. The invention also encompasses novel methods for patching, sealing and forming ice.