Abstract: An ophthalmic lens comprising a transparent polymer matrix and core shell nanoparticles which are dispersed in the transparent polymer matrix, wherein the core of core shell nanoparticles results from polymerization of a composition comprising nanoparticle core precursors and at least one photochromic compound, and the shell of core shell nanoparticles comprises a mineral compound.

Abstract: The invention can be applied in the chemical industry when producing complex mineral fertilizers using ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride. A method for producing granulated nitrogen-potash fertilizer is carried out by mixing a concentrated solution of ammonium nitrate with potassium chloride and ammonia, granulating the resulting mixture and drying the product. In the process of granulation, the resulting particulate product has, applied to same, an aqueous solution of magnesium sulfate having 24-30 percent concentration by mass, in an amount which allows for the magnesium sulfate contents in the finished product based on MgO to be no less than 0.5 percent by mass. The strength of the fertilizer granules is thus increased and the caking thereof during prolonged storage is decreased. In addition, by maintaining the MgO in the finished product at 0.5-1.0 percent by mass, a minimum consumption of magnesium sulfate is achieved.

Abstract: A near neutral pH pickling composition for the removal of oxides from metallic surfaces, including heat treated steel. The pickling composition comprises a) a water-soluble organic or inorganic nitro compound, wherein a central N atom has an oxidation state of 3+; b) a polarizing agent for the nitro compound, wherein the polarizing agent comprises at least one of a phosphonate and a carboxylate; c) a pH buffer, and d) at least one metal complexing agent. The composition is preferably maintained at a pH between about 4.5 and about 7.5. The near neutral pH pickle composition can be used on various metallic surfaces as well as composite surfaces comprising metallic and non-metallic portions.

Abstract: A weatherized mineral mixture is produced by heating a digestible fat or fatty acid and spraying a mineral mixture with the heated digestible fatty acid to form a protective layer over the mineral mixture. The weatherized mineral mixture may be free of salts of fatty acids, namely soaps. The weatherized mineral mixture sheds water and is wind-resistant. Upon ingestion by livestock animals, the protective coating is digested and the minerals within the mineral mixture are absorbed by the livestock animal.

Abstract: Ice melting compositions, methods for manufacturing ice melting compositions, and methods for melting ice are disclosed. The ice melting compositions can include a coarse deicing particle nucleus and a fine deicing particle coating substantially surrounding the coarse deicing particle nucleus. The fine particle coating can be attached or bonded to the coarse particle nucleus with a binder. The coarse particle nucleus and the fine particle coating can have a variety of particle sizes.

Abstract: A surface-active glass as regenerative anti-fouling material comprising a surface-active glass with a water-soluble glass matrix.

Abstract: Liquid anti-oxidants made by mixing specific chemical compositions disclosed herein, followed by thorough stirring so that a homogeneous blend of colloidal-like solutions are obtained. Such liquid anti-oxidants are applied to the surface of the carbon-carbon composite that is needed to be protected against oxidation by brushing, dipping, spraying, or other painting techniques, and allowed sufficient time for the anti-oxidants to penetrate into the subsurface region of the composite and to let dry in a dry atmosphere. The coated carbon/carbon composites can be heat treated (or charred) at a temperature of about approximately 650 to 950° C. for a time period of about approximately one to seven hours. The above painting/heat treating processes can be repeated one to three or more times in order to obtain sufficient anti-oxidant char on or below the surface to a certain depth of the composite.

Abstract: This invention relates to wood preservatives containing copper complexes and calcium ions, zinc ions or calcium and zinc ions for protection of wood, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignocellulose, cellulosic materials and articles derived from cellulosic materials from decay caused by fungi. The calcium ions, zinc ions, or calcium and zinc ions improve the penetration of copper preservative agent into the interior of a treated material or article.

Abstract: There is provided provide a method for efficiently producing a rutile type titanium sol having a particle diameter based on dynamic light scattering method of 5 nm to 100 nm that is excellent in dispersibility. The method for producing a rutile type titanium oxide sol comprising: process (a): mixing metastannic acid, a titanium alkoxide, a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, oxalic acid, and water so as to contain 0.02 moles to 0.8 moles of tin atoms, 0.1 moles to 3.5 moles of the quaternary ammonium hydroxide, and 0.1 moles to 8.0 moles of the oxalic acid with respect to 1 mole of titanium atoms of the titanium alkoxide to prepare a titanium-containing aqueous solution with a concentration in terms of TiO2 of 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass; and process (b): subjecting the titanium-containing aqueous solution obtained in process (a) to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature from 100° C. to 170° C.

Abstract: The instant invention concerns a composition comprising a base polymer, at least one compound of the formula E-(L-E)x wherein: E is and L is a linking group; and at least one transition metal in a positive oxidation state. The invention also concerns packages containing walls comprising such compositions, methods of forming such packages, and methods of packaging an oxygen-sensitive item within such a package.

Abstract: This invention discloses a wood preservative composition for the supplemental or remedial treatment of in-service poles, posts, piling, cross ties and other wooden structures. The wood preservative composition comprises copper 8-hydroxyquinolate (oxine copper) in combination with a boron compound or a fluoride compound.

Abstract: A molded oxygen absorbent composition and a process of producing the molded oxygen absorbent composition are disclosed. The molded oxygen absorbent composition is composed of a molded product of an oxygen absorbent composition which contains an oxygen absorbing substance, water or moisture, and a swelling component capable of being swelled with water or moisture. The product is formed by pressure molding the composition. The molded oxygen absorbent composition is reduced in its size and excellent in oxygen absorbing property.

Abstract: Preservative composition for lignocellulosic-based composites providing rapid and long-lasting protection against insect and fungal attack, in both low and high moisture environments, through the use of a combination of higher solubility and lower solubility borates. Pesticidal amounts of a lower solubility borate and a higher solubility borate are combined before or during their incorporation into a lignocellulosic-based composite. Useful low solubility borates include copper borate, zinc borate and barium metaborate. Useful high solubility borates include boric acid, boric oxide, ammonium borate and alkali metal borates such as sodium borate. Some alkaline earth metal borates, including calcium borates, calcium magnesium borates, magnesium borates and calcium sodium borates, are of intermediate solubility and may be used effectively as either a low soluble or high soluble borate depending on the combination used.

Abstract: A method of coloring solder is provided. The method includes providing an aqueous coloring agent solution essentially containing 31-32% wt of copper sulfate, 64-65% wt of water and 3-4% wt of salt and an anti-caking agent, drying a solder seam with a dry cloth to remove excess flux, applying the aqueous coloring agent solution directly onto the solder seam; and wiping away excess amounts of the aqueous coloring agent solution with a second dry cloth.

Abstract: An oxygen-absorbing composition, device, and method for oxygen scavenging in a low moisture environment are provided. The present invention provides an oxygen absorbing composition which includes an oxygen reducing agent, water, a carrier, an electrolyte salt, and a humectant salt, which may be the same as the electrolyte salt, present in an amount sufficient to reduce the water activity of the composition to below 0.6. Also included are methods of using the composition.

Abstract: A molded oxygen absorbent composition is composed of a molded product of an oxygen absorbent composition which contains an oxygen absorbing substance, water or moisture, and a swelling component capable of being swelled with water or moisture. The molded oxygen absorbent composition is reduced in its size and excellent in oxygen absorbing property.

Abstract: The instant invention concerns a composition comprising a base polymer, at least one compound of the formula E-(L-E)x wherein: E is and L is a linking group; and at least one transition metal in a positive oxidation state. The invention also concerns packages containing walls comprising such compositions, methods of forming such packages, and methods of packaging an oxygen-sensitive item within such a package.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for treating products containing wood fibers to provide protection against wood destroying organisms and fire, and resistance against leaching of the preservative from the wood by water in exposed environments such as exterior applications. The methods involve applying to a substrate a first aqueous composition containing a boron compound, a source of zinc, and ammonia, followed by application of a second aqueous composition containing an alkali metal silicate. The compositions may be applied by vacuum and/or pressure treatment or dip treatment under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Preservative composition for lignocellulosic-based composites providing rapid and long-lasting protection against insect and fungal attack, in both low and high moisture environments, through the use of a combination of higher solubility and lower solubility borates. Pesticidal amounts of a lower solubility borate and a higher solubility borate are combined before or during their incorporation into a lignocellulosic-based composite. Useful low solubility borates includes copper borate, zinc borate and barium metaborate. Useful high solubility borates includes boric acid, boric oxide, ammonium borate and alkali metal borates such as sodium borate. Some alkaline earth metal borates, including calcium borates, are of intermediate solubility and may be used effectively as either a low soluble or high soluble borate depending on the combination used.

Abstract: Fouling in basic washing systems such as caustic scrubbers can be prevented or at least mitigated by treating the liquid washing phase used in a caustic scrubber with an additive having at least one compound selected from the group consisting of oxalyl dihydrazide, a disulfite salt, isopropyl hydroxylamine, chlorobenzhydrazide, aminobenzhydrazide, a thiosulfate salt, 4,4-dimethyl oxazolidine, a hydrosulfite salt, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: To efficiently dry it, a nonionic alkylene oxide-type water-soluble resin is put into a container, then the container is degassed to a prescribed vacuum degree which is maintained while a dry gas having a dew point not higher than prescribed is introduced into the container at a rate not lower than prescribed. Minor volatiles are efficiently removed from the resin in an evaporation tank having a stirring blade. For protecting the dried resin from water, a dry gas is introduced into and air is purged from an empty packaging container whereafter the resin is charged into the container is sealed. By controlling solvent content and visocity of the resin and loading it into a temperature-controlled transportation container and/or unloading it out of the transportation container by the use of a pump, good subsquent processability of the resin and prevention of deterioration thereof are ensured.

Abstract: The manufacture of zinc borate and calcium borate powders in a water slurry and drying those powders in a controlled manner such as to leave a desired residual of moisture content uniformly dispersed throughout the product produces a low dust, flowable material. This low dust material results in environmental and economic benefits to users of these preservative borates. The preferred amount of residual moisture is from 2 to 10 percent.

Abstract: A 2-methoxyphenol derivative and an ink composition containing the 2-methoxyphenol derivative, an aqueous medium, and a colorant enhance light resistance by absorbing ultraviolet (UV) light, provide wettability and stabilize a colorant. The ink composition prepared using the 2-methoxyphenol derivative also has improved light resistance, wettability and stabilizes a colorant and does not require an additional light-resistant agent.

Abstract: A 2-methoxyphenol derivative may be used as an ultraviolet (UV) light absorbing dispersant and, an ink composition may include the 2-methoxyphenol derivative as a light-resistant dispersant. The 2-methoxyphenol derivative absorbs UV light and thus provides light resistance to outputs. The 2-methooxyphenol derivative also improves dispersibility. When the 2-methoxyphenol derivative is used to prepare an ink composition, the ink composition has improved dispersibility and light resistance, and there is no need to add a light-resistant additive.

Abstract: Methods for coagulating collagen and producing a food product by contacting the collagen with a solution comprising at least about 40% by weight of a phosphate salt mixture wherein the phosphate salt mixture is comprised of at least two phosphate salts selected from the group consisting of monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, and tripotassium phosphate.

Abstract: In a method of reducing corrosion of a metal material, a substance such as semiconductor for generating an electric current by thermal excitation is coated or adhered on a metal material surface, to be exposed to a water having a high temperature of 150° C. or more, of a boiler and ducts or pipes, to which hot water heated by the boiler contacts, of a thermal electric power plant or a nuclear reactor structural material or ducts or pipes surrounding the reactor in a nuclear power plant.

Abstract: Acids having a pKa of less than about 4 may be used to stabilize certain perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketones, particularly a substantially pure perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone, a substantially pure aqueous solution of a perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone or a substantially pure hydrate of a perfluoroalkyl alkyl ketone.

Abstract: A boronizing agent in the form of a paste for the production of boride layers on metallic workpieces. The boronizing agent contains boron-releasing substances, activating substances and the remainder of inert, refractory extenders together with water and optionally auxiliaries required for paste formulation. It contains as additives: (a) calcium carbonate and/or lithium carbonate; (b) at least one compound from the group of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal nitrites; (c) at least one compound from the group of water soluble alkali metal and alkaline earth metal borates.

Abstract: An anticaking and antidusting composition is disclosed that comprises a protein, a saccharide, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt and an acid. The composition is effective in preventing the agglomeration or caking of particulate materials, namely inorganic salts, and can effectively treat such materials utilizing amounts less than 100 ppm by weight of material being treated. Methods of preparing the composition are also disclosed as well as methods for treating a particulate material with the composition.

Abstract: A water soluble fixed copper-borax wood preservative composition which comprises a fixed copper compound chosen from the group consisting of copper oxides, copper hydroxide, basic copper carbonate, basic copper sulfate, and copper oxychloride combined in water with sodium tetraborate decahydrate wherein the fixed copper compound concentration ranges from 0.01 parts to 0.20 parts for each part of sodium tetraborate decahydrate, plus a method for preparing the composition described above which comprises milling the fixed copper compound with the sodium tetraborate decahydrate in water.

Abstract: A method and composition of matter for balancing tire and rim assemblies of vehicles is disclosed wherein the composition of matter has rounded balancing elements of different sizes to line the interior of a tire casing and to move over the lining to offset points of imbalance.

Abstract: A process for making a granular detergent composition comprising the steps of adding to a detergent powder particles of percarbonate having a mean particle size in the range of from 250 to 900 micrometers and a powdery flow aid containing a partially hydrated crystalline sodium aluminosilicate having a moisture content of less than 15%, preferably from 5% to 12%.

Abstract: A cleaning and passivating treatment for metals comprising an amphoteric surfactant which is a caprylic acid derivative of imidazoline compounds. The treatment is substantially free of amines, alkanolamines and phosphates. The preferred treatment includes small quantities of borate ions and molybdate ions. In addition a nonionic surfactant may be added as a foam control agent.

Abstract: There is disclosed a class of inhibitors for mono- and diammonium phosphates which are water soluble and effective at small concentrations rendering the phosphates acceptable in most utilities without separation of the inhibitor. The class of inhibitors are water soluble alkali metal phosphate salts selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, trisodium phosphate, disodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate. Effective amounts of these salts range from about 0.025 percent to about 0.3 percent by weight in the ammonium phosphates. It is particularly advantageous that these salts are useful in both types of ammonium phosphates.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing a particulate potassium bicarbonate composition which maintains its free-flow properties when stored under ambient temperature and relative humidity conditions. In the process, particulate potassium bicarbonate is blended with fine grain alkaline earth metal oxide, and the oxide is microdispersed on the surface of the particles. The oxide reacts with moisture and carbon dioxide to form an adherent physically-bonded coating of alkaline earth metal carbonate on the surface of the potassium bicarbonate particles. The altered particle surface prevents agglomeration of the potassium bicarbonate particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preventing potassium bicarbonate from caking. Anhydrous potassium carbonate is dispersed throughout the potassium bicarbonate immediately after it is manufactured. Preferably, about 0.1 to about 2.5 wt % of the anhydrous potassium carbonate is used. Also disclosed is a composition made by that method.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion in ammonia-water absorption machines that includes adding to an ammonia-water solution soluble silicon compounds. Examples of these silicon compounds include sodium silicate (Na.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), potassium silicate (K.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), lithium silicate (Li.sub.2 SiO.sub.3), silicic acid (H.sub.2 SiO.sub.5), and tetramethoxysilane (CH.sub.3 O).sub.4 Si. Sodium silicate is revealed as the preferred embodiment.

Abstract: This invention discloses a non-water dilutable remedial wood preservative containing 1/2 to 10 parts copper derived from amine-inorganic copper complexes, combined with sodium borate or sodium fluoride, or a combination thereof, in a ratio of 2 to 120 parts of the sodium salt for each part of copper in the preservative. This invention also discloses the improvement in copper penetration into the wood which occurs when the amine-inorganic copper complexes are combined with sodium borate and/or sodium fluoride, and a novel method of thickening these compositions.

Abstract: These compositions comprise a polyamide (PA) resulting from the polycondensation of an aliphatic .alpha.,.omega.-dicarboxylic acid with xylylenediamines and a salt of a metal chosen from the transition metals of group VIIIA of the Periodic Table of the elements, manganese, zinc and copper; the polyamide (PA) contains less than 150 ppm of phosphorus.These compositions may be made into packaging materials, such as containers (bottles).

Abstract: Granular laundry detergent, bleach or additive compositions containing admixed sodium carbonate and low levels of admixed hydrophobic amorphous silicate material to improve solubility. The compositions preferably contain aluminosilicate detergent builders and preferably are free of phosphate builders. Also disclosed are processes for improving solubility of such granular laundry compositions.

Abstract: The corrosive effect of salt on reinforced concrete in roadways, overpasses, bridges and buildings is inhibited by the application of a composition which consists essentially of ammonium carbamate, or which consists essentially of ammonium carbamate combined with salt or calcium chloride, as a deicer.

Abstract: Improved sodium borohydride powder compositions have a silica-based anticaking agent. In a method wherein a mixture of sodium borohydride and an anti-caking agent are compacted under pressure, the process is improved, particularly in speed, by the use of a silica-based anti-caking agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides free flowing and moisture resistant compositions from normally hygroscopic compositions by a process of mixing the hygroscopic material with a sealing material and heat treating. By controlling the sealing material added, the heat treatment time, and the heat treatment temperature, the sealing material forms a glassy coating on the hygroscopic material that is impervious to moisture while retaining free-flow properties. The present invention particularly provides free-flowing and moisture resistant sodium titanate and potassium titanate compositions having a moisture pick-up =< about 0.5 wt. % by a process of mixing sodium titanate or potassium titanate with a sealing material and heat treating the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wall for a package comprising: (a) an outer set of one or more layers (1-4) and (b) an inner set of one or more layers (5-6) which layer or the outermost of which layers (5) comprises a composition comprising a polymer and having oxygen-scavenging properties, wherein (i) the outer set of layers would have, if separate from the inner set and in the absence of any oxygen-scavenging properties in any of the layers or the layer constituting the set, a permeance, for oxygen, of not more than 1.5 cm.sup.3 /(m.sup.2 atm day); (ii) the inner set of layers would have, if separate from the outer set and in the absence of oxygen-scavenging properties in any of the layers or the layer constituting the set, a permeance, for oxygen, of at least 2.0 cm.sup.3 /(m.sup.2 atm day); and (iii) the inner set of layers would have, if separate from the outer set, a permeance, for oxygen, less than the permeance specified in (ii) by at least 1.0 cm.sup.3 /(m.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wall for a package, which wall comprises, or includes a layer comprising, a composition comprising a polymer and capable of scavenging oxygen through the metal-catalysed oxidation of an oxidisable organic component thereof. The oxidisable organic component is preferably itself a polymer, and may be the only polymer in the composition. Preferred compositions include a blend of 96% polyethylene terephthalate and 4% poly (m-xylyleneadipamide) containing 200 ppm cobalt as catalyst, with good permeance-versus-time performance (3) when formed into a bottle.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing vinyl monomers in general, and ar-brominated styrene polymer in particular, against polymerization by mixing a vinyl monomer such as an ar-brominated styrene monomer with a stabilizing amount of iodine composition to produce a stabilized monomer and novel stabilized compositions.

Abstract: According to the invention, in a process for agglomerating a mass of particulates containing hydratable or hydrated inorganic salts wherein the particulates are sprayed with a silicate solution to form agglomerates and the resulting agglomerates are subjected to an aging/drying step to allow hydration equilization and excess water evaporation, the improvement comprises replacing a portion of the particulates with puffed borax as an agglomerating aid to minimize aging/drying time.

Abstract: A sodium tripolyphosphate employed for the formulation of detergent compositions with a water content ranging from 0.8 to 6% in the form of hexahydrate crystals and containing 0.2 to 2% by weight of siliconate. Also, a process for the preparation of such a sodium tripolyphosphate comprising spraying an aqueous solution containing between 5 and 10% of siliconate at weight onto a sodium tripolyphosphate containing at least 50% of phase 1 and having a particle diameter distribution ranging from 600 to 2,500 microns; and grinding the hydrated tripolyphosphate containing the siliconate to a mean particle diameter ranging from 80 to 200 microns.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of granular sodium perborate monohydrate having good mechanical strength. The process is characterized in that sodium silicate having an SiO.sub.2 /Na.sub.2 O molar ratio comprised within the range of from 0.4 to 2.0 is added to granular sodium perborate tetrahydrate while this is being kept in movement and the so processed perborate tetrahydrate is dried until perborate monohydrate is obtained.

Abstract: A composition of matter in particulate, crystalline form. The composition comprises a hydrate-forming phosphate selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate and trisodium phosphate, between about 0.1% by weight and about 23% by weight added water in the form of water of hydration said water containing in solution sufficient surfactant to provide the composition from about 0.20 ppm and about 125 ppm of a surfactant. Methods for preparing such compositions are also disclosed.