Abstract: Radiolytic decomposition of a radiopharmaceutical compositions containing radioactive iodine are stabilized by the incorporation therein of an effective amount of ascorbic acid, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulfurized alkyl-substituted phenol which comprises: (1) charging to a reaction system having a reaction vessel equipped with a reflux condenser, (a) alkyl-substituted phenol wherein the alkyl substituent comprises about 8 to about 50 carbons, (b) sulfur, (c) dihydric alcohol, (d) alkaline earth metal base, and (e) water in an amount of from about 0.02 to about 0.4 moles water per mole of alkyl-substituted phenol; (2) reacting (a)-(e) at a temperature of about 270 to about 450.degree. F. at atmospheric pressure for about 1 to 5 hours, said reaction being conducted such that the water charged to the reaction vessel is retained therein by the reflux condenser.

Abstract: Wood preservatives which are based on a zinc compound and an aliphatic carboxylic acid and additionally contain a polyamine and processes for preserving wood with these preservatives.

Abstract: Mixtures produced by chlorination of phenol/chlorophenols are effectively stabilized by stirring same in the presence of a stabilizing amount of at least one reducing compound that is a chlorine acceptor.

Abstract: A wood preservative solution comprising water, hexavalent chromium, copper and arsenic can be stabilized against precipitation by the addition of fluorine ion, thereby enhancing the useful life and safety of the solution. Fluoride salts like cerium fluoride, sodium fluoride and calcium fluoride are suitable sources for fluorine ion in such a solution. Wood treated with the preservative solution displays increased penetration, distribution and retention of chromium, copper and arsenic.

Abstract: It is known to use chlorinated paraffins as an extreme pressure lubricant additive in lubricating metals. Such additives are highly corrosive, however, and for that reason are not suitable for a number of uses, such as in the lubrication of internal combustion engines. The present invention overcomes the corrosive problems of the previous chlorinated paraffin additives. The present invention involves the mixing of a substantial portion of chlorinated paraffins with a smaller portion of an alkaline earth metal sulfonate, such as calcium or barium sulfonate, and preferably a base mineral oil and solvent. The resulting additive can be added to standard motor oil to improve its extreme pressure performance in internal combustion engines.

Abstract: An oil containing a viscosity index improver of improved oxidative stability contains, as an anti-oxidant system 2,6-di-t-butylphenol and 1-3-aminopropyl-2-pipecoline.

Abstract: A process for incorporating molybdenum into overbased alkaline earth metal and alkali metal sulfonates, phenates and salicylates. The incorporation is a post addition of molybdenum into a previously prepared overbased composition. The resulting composition containing molybdenum is gel-free, haze-free, precipitate-free, has a reproducible Total Base Number (TBN) and is commercially acceptable for use in lubricating oil compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to animal feed preservative compositions containing a binary blend of formic acid and propionic acid, the amount of propionic acid in the blend being from 1-25% w/w of the total blend. Surprisingly, the proposed blend is more effective at controlling salmonella, especially in poultry, than formic acid when used alone.

Abstract: Calcium superbase soaps consist essentially of calcium dissolved in at least one oil in the form of carbonate and of salts of acids, the said acids consisting of a mixture or otherwise of saturated organic carboxylic acids containing from 7 to 13 carbon atoms in which the linear acid content is from 0 to 40% by weight, the content of acids branched on carbon 2 is from 0 to 20% by weight and the content of acids which are mono- or polysubstituted on carbon 3 and/or of higher rank is higher than or equal to 46% by weight.These soaps are used in particular as additives in lubricating oils or as oxidation catalysts.

Abstract: Benzophenone derivatives having at least one hydroxyl group in the ortho-position relative to the carbonyl group are used for stabilizing numerous substrates against the action of UV light. 1,3-bis-(4-Benzoyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy)-2-propanol is a photo-absorber containing two benzophenone groups. Particularly suitable stabilizers are esters of this substituted propanol with unsaturated carboxylic acids, for example esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. These compounds are prepared by esterifying the substituted propanol with an unsaturated acid or by esterifying the substituted propanol with a saturated acid containing a reactive methylene group and subjecting the product to subsequent condensation with a keto compound. They can be polymerized and are suitable for the preparation of homopolymers and copolymers.

Abstract: An acidic, aqueous cleaning composition comprising a surfactant; up to about 50% of a higher boiling solvent, typically in alkyl ether of an alkylene glycol, said solvent introducing impurities into the composition in an amount and of a nature normally chemically incompatible with oxidizable dye chromophores; a dye in an amount to provide a desired tinctorial value, and oxalic acid or a salt thereof in an amount effective to retard fading of the dye. In another aspect of the invention, the oxalic acid incorporated into compositions containing a solvent, a surfactant, and water, and optionally a dye provides a beneficial cleaning result. In yet another aspect of the invention, the oxalic acid beneficially retards the development of malodors when the compositions of the present invention are contained in a PVC container. Broadly, the incorporation of oxalic acid in said solvent can be employed to neutralize said impurities.

Abstract: A liquid concentrate comprising an oxamide and a 2,2,6,6-tetraalkylpiperidine compound dissolved in an organic solvent is useful for the UV-stabilization of hardenable liquid finishes, particularly automotive finishes.

Abstract: The use of aromatic amine or hindered phenols, and beta-thiodialkanol reaction products are described as being useful anti-oxidants.

Abstract: A new water-base lubricant composition has been discovered which is uniquely suitable for elevated temperature metal forming operations. The water-base lubricant invention herein generally comprises, about 1% to about 40% by weight of a polycarboxylic acid salt reaction product, such as trimellitic acid and an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal hydroxide, such that the pH of the composition is about 6.5 to about 10; about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of a water dispersible thickening agent; and the balance water. The water-base lubricant may also include extreme pressure additives, performance enhancers, and biocidal agents. Also disclosed is a process for using the above-described water-base lubricant composition.

Abstract: Disclosed are detergent-dispersant additives for lubricating oils that are made by contacting an alkylarylsulfonic acid with an alkaline earth base in the presence of an alcohol having a boiling point in excess of 80.degree. C., water, chloride ions and preferably a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 carboxylic acid. The products may be made more basic by carbonation. The disclosed additives, when not carbonated, have a TBN up to about 40 and, when carbonated, have a TBN of up to about 100.

Abstract: A wood preservative contains a water-soluble, alkaline copper(II) complex and a water-soluble thiocyanate or iodide and may contain a reducing agent.

Abstract: This invention concerns a process for preparing very fluid overbased additives having a high basicity, by contacting an alkaline-earth metal derivative and at least one surfactant with carbon dioxide in a diluent oil and a hydrocarbon-based solvent in the presence of an oxygen-based promoter and a nitrogen-based promoter wherein the carbonation time is comprised between an initial point Po corresponding to the beginning of the temperature plateau of the exothermic reaction and the end point of the carbonation which corresponds to a sudden drop of the alkaline value, the additives according to the invention being utilized in lubricating oils and fuels.

Abstract: Compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X is an alkylene radical containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and Y is a residue of L-ascorbic acid or D-isoascorbic acid, or the corresponding salts thereof. The compound may be prepared by esterifying L-ascorbic acid or D-isoascorbic acid with the appropriate acid under acid conditions.

Abstract: A stabilized alkylene oxide adduct of a hydroxyl group-containing organic compound, having at least one compound selected from the group consisting of lactic acid and lactates and added to said alkylene oxide adduct of said hydroxyl group-containing organic compound or a sulfate thereof and a liquid detergent composition having as a detergent active component thereof the stabilized alkylene oxide adduct.

Abstract: Stabilizer mixtures for vinyl chloride polymerizates for the improvement of the initial clarity and the heat constancy thereof. The stabilizer mixture contains nitrogen-free 3,5-substituted tetrahydropyrane-2,4,6-trione compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, and a metal salt of an organic acid and/or a metal phenolate.

Abstract: Glycosides and polyglycosides are described having the formulaR(OG).sub.xwhereinR is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms or is a radical with the formula R.sub.1 (OR.sub.2).sub.n which does not have more than 25 carbon atoms and wherein n=0 to 24 and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals,G is selected from the group consisting of fructose, glucose, mannose, galactose, talose, gulose, allose, altrose, idose, arabinose, xylose, lyxose, ribose or mixtures thereof, and x is 1 to 30which glycosides and polyglycosides inhibit oxidation and acid attack of ferrous metals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing very highly alkaline, calcium-based, detergent-dispersant additives for lubricating oils and products produced by such a process. The process includes the steps of reacting an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, an alkylphenol, diluent oil, halogen ions and lime, removing water formed during the reaction, sulfurizing the resultant product in the presence of glycol and at least one additional alcohol having a boiling point in excess of about 155.degree. C., carbonating the sulfurized product, removing the glycol and heavy alcohol from the sulfurized, carbonated reaction product, and filtering to remove sediment and to obtain a reaction product comprising a highly-alkaline, calcium-based detergent-dispersant additive for lubricating oils.

Abstract: A tracer metal, which is not present in engine parts subject to wear, is used to ascertain the source of metals in used oil as between lubricating oil additives and other sources, particularly wear of engine parts.

Abstract: Stabilizers consisting of (a) 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(2'-stearyloxyethyl)-chroman and (b) glyceryl stearate, glyceryl hydroxystearate, partial esters of stearic acid with condensates of glycerol and trimethylolpropane, triglyceryl stearate and/or tetraglyceryl stearate, with or without further conventional additives, the weight ratio of (a) to (b) being from 10:1 to 1:10, give improved stabilization to discoloration and superior stability during processing when used in plastics such as polyethylene or polypropylene.

Abstract: The present invention provides certain metal (e.g., Ca or Mg) ester salt derivatives capable of exhibiting friction modification, oxidation inhibition, and corrosion inhibition properties in power transmitting fluids such as automatic transmission fluids. These salts are derived from mono or diesters prepared by the reaction of an alkanol (e.g., thio-bis-ethanol) and a hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride, such as octadecenyl succinic anhydride.

Abstract: A composition comprising a ferrous compound and as a stabilizer, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (A) erythorbic acid compounds, (B) hydroxycarboxylic acid compounds and (c) oxocarboxylic acid compounds.

Abstract: This invention relates to basic magnesium salts of substituted aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acids or the derivatives thereof and to a process for preparing such salts. These salts can be used either along or in combination, as additives, in a variety of lubricating oils and fuels including gasoline, diesel fuels, etc.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dielectric fluid which comprises about 5 to about 40 molar percent of a first arene compound having up to seven substituent alkenyl carbon atoms and about 60 to about 95 molar percent of a diluent. The diluent can be mineral oil, a second arene compound having up to seven substituent alkyl carbon atoms which are hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon ethers, or a mixture thereof, or a mixture of a mineral oil and a second arene compound. Also preferably included in the dielectric fluid is about 0.5 to about 5% of a free-radical polymerization inhibitor. A capacitor and a transformer containing the dielectric fluid are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lubricant composition is disclosed comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil composition and a minor amount of an overbased detergent-dispersant lubricant additive comprising a reaction product of an alkaline earth metal phenate and an ammonium alkylbenzene sulfonate wherein the phenate and the sulfonate are reacted in the presence of an alcohol of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and said reaction product is stripped to remove ammonia, water and said alcohol.

Abstract: The process comprises in sequence the following steps: (a) introducing into a reaction zone a sulfonic acid comprising a neutral ammonium sulfonate; (b) adding to and mixing with said sulfonic acid a substantially inert diluent, an alkaline earth metal compound, water, and an alkanol to form a hydration mixture; (c) heating said hydration mixture at an elevated temperature to hydrate said alkaline earth metal compound; (d) adding a molybdenum-containing compound to said reaction zone at a time during the period beginning after the introduction of said sulfonic acid and extending through said refluxing of said hydration mixture; and (e) adding an acidic material to said reaction zone at a temperature within the range of about 26.7.degree. C. (80.degree. F.) to about 68.5.degree. C. (155.degree. F.) to form a molybdenum-alkaline earth metal sulfonate dispersion.

Abstract: The general-purpose grease composition of the invention is usable in a wide temperature range or, in particular, at very low temperatures down to -50.degree. C. The grease composition comprises, as the essential components, a lubricating base oil mainly composed of a deep-freeze dewaxed base oil having a fluidity point of -35.degree. C. or below and a thickener which is typically a lithium soap such as lithium 12-hydroxystearate.

Abstract: A drying agent for cut plants provides a basic pH of at least 11 in a solution and has properties of becoming at least partially insoluble at a pH no greater than approximately 13.4 in the solution. A mold-inhibiting agent is mixed with the drying agent and is provided with properties of remaining inactive until the occurrence of conditions inducing molding of the plant. The mold-inhibiting agent has properties of reacting with moisture under such conditions inducing molding to inhibit such molding.A waterproofing agent is mixed with the drying and mold-inhibiting agents and is provided with properties, at the pH of the drying agent in the solution, for providing for a passage of moisture from the plants while preventing drops or droplets of water from being reabsorbed on the plants. The waterproofing agent may be sodium methyl siliconate.A surface active agent may also be included.

Abstract: A lubricating composition and method are disclosed for lubricating the inner wall of a hollow conduit and the outer surface of an insulated flexible electrical conductor installed in the conduit. The lubricating composition is a powder comprised of the following powdered ingredients: lubricant such as talc; drying agent such as a micron-mesh silica; surfactant such as calcium stearate; odorant such as sassafras; and colorant such as a nontoxic food or cosmetic dye. The lubricating method first includes the step of blowing a quantity of a powdered lubricating composition into a hollow conduit resulting in the deposition of powdered lubricant on the inner wall of the conduit. In the next step of the method, an insulated flexible electrical conductor is inserted into the pre-lubricated conduit whereby powdered lubricant on the inner wall of the conduit rubs off onto the outer surface of the insulation of the electrical conductor thereby lubricating the insulation as it advances through the conduit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of controlling the viscosity of siloxane oils in the presence of lead by adding a small amount of a dione such as p-benzoquinone or 2,3-butanedione.

Abstract: 4H-1-Benzopyrans are prepared by reacting an aminomethylphenol with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide and a 1,3-diketone. The products are useful as antioxidants.

Abstract: Silicone compositions having improved thermal oxidative stability are disclosed. The compositions contain iron acetylacetonate, nickel acetylacetonate, cerium acetylacetonate, alpha,omega-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-polydimethylsiloxanes, and optionally, a carboxylic acid. The compositions show greatly increased gel times at temperatures of, e.g. 275.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention discloses a color stabilized aqueous detergent composition comprising in percent by weight of the composition (a) about 0.25% to about 95% surfactant; (b) about 0.0001% to about 0.5% dye; and (c) about 0.1% to about 5% polyhydroxy carboxylic acid or a salt thereof whereby color fading of said dye in said composition is substantially prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aqueous alkaline built detergent compositions containing hydrogen peroxide. Alkaline conditions present particular difficulties for preventing the hydrogen peroxide from decomposing excessively rapidly during storage. Aqueous compositions containing a builder, especially polyphosphate or citrate, anionic sulphate or sulphonate surfactant, nonionic ethoxylate surfactant and hydrogen peroxide of acceptable peroxide stability can be obtained by employing an alcohol, preferably ethanol or isopropanol, or a polyhydroxy carboxylate, preferably gluconate, or especially both, in conjunction with a phosphonate, especially an ethylene amine methylene phosphonate. Many of such alkaline compositions are formulated to permit the anionic surfactant to work at or near to its optimum pH in conjunction with the builder.

Abstract: Amino-amide borates provide effective multifunctional friction-reducing and high-temperature stabilizing additives for hydrocarbyl lubricants and fuels.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon fuel composition containing from 5 ppm to 500 ppm of a metal that normally catalyzes oxidative deterioration of said fuel composition is stabilized by incorporating in it from 1% to 25% by volume of a stabilizer that is an alkanol having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a glycol having 2 to 9 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition with improved corrosion inhibiting properties comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil basestock and an effective amount of a complex of a selected heterocyclic nitrogen compound and an organometallic salt of a C.sub.4 to C.sub.22 fatty acid.

Abstract: The cloud point of a hydrodewaxed base stock is reduced by direct sulfurization of the base stock, or by direct sulfurization of the base stock in the presence of a magnesium, calcium or barium compound.

Abstract: The upward drift in viscosity which is characteristic of paper coating compositions prepared from alkali-swellable latices to which alkali has been added can be arrested at any desired level by including in the coating composition 0.1-10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of dry solids in the uncompounded alkali-swellable latex, of a poly- C.sub.2-4 alkylene glycol having an average molecular weight of about 100-5,000. Polyethylene and polypropylene glycols having molecular weights of about 1,200 are shown to produce excellent results with latices of carboxylic copolymers of butadiene and styrene.

Abstract: High alkalinity metallic lubricating oil additives and a method of making them are disclosed. A magnesium alkylbenzenesulfonate and a sulfurized calcium alkylphenate are carbonated in the presence of an oil, magnesium oxide, a glycol, and an amine. The glycol, water, and sediment are then removed from the resulting medium.

Abstract: A transparent soap composition, consisting essentially of(a) over 50% by weight of a complex mixture of the sodium and triethanolamine salts of a fatty acid or acids having from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value of 8-15,(b) between 0.2 and 1.0 weight percent of a member or members selected from the group consisting of citric acid, sodium citrate and potassium citrate,(c) between 0.2 and 0.1 weight percent of a member or members selected from the group consisting of sodium metabisulfite, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, potassium hydrosulfite and potassium sulfite, and potassium metabisulfite,(d) water.

Abstract: A rust inhibitor comprising, as an effective component, at least one compound having the following general formulae (A), (B) and (C) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbon group containing an aromatic ring and having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, m and n are independently 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, R.sub.3 or R.sub.4 is hydrogen in the case of m or n is 0, X is O, S, SO.sub.2, CO or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 9 ca toxicity and is easily applicable in either a water-soluble state or an oil-soluble state.

Abstract: Super-alkalinized lubricating oil additives and a method of making them are disclosed. A magnesium alkylbenzenesulfonate and a sulfurized alkylphenol are carbonated in the presence of an oil, magnesium oxide, a glycol, and an amine. The resulting medium is neutralized and super-alkalinized with lime, and the glycol and sediment are removed.

Abstract: An olefinic polymer composition is provided which comprises an olefinic polymer selected from homopolymers and copolymers made from aliphatic, ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms; from about 100 to about 3,000 parts per million based on the weight of the total composition of a hindered phenolic stabilizer; and from about 100 to about 10,000 ppm based on the weight of the composition of a stabilizer selected from compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms or alternatively R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may together with the oxygen atoms to which they are joined form a heterocyclic ring containing two oxygen atoms.

Abstract: Certain solutions of phosphines in oxetane compounds impart oxidative stability to aromatic thermoplastic polycarbonates in which such solutions are admixed.