Abstract: A nanostructured material consisting essentially of boron. The material is in amorphous form and comprising aggregates of boron nanoparticles. A method of preparation thereof and the uses thereof.

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric composition contains a base material powder represented by one or more of (Ca1?xSrx)(Zr1?yTiy)O3, Ca(Zr1?yTiy)O3, Sr(Zr1?yTiy)O3, (Ca1?xSrx)ZrO3, and (Ca1?xSrx)TiO3, in which x and y satisfy 0?x?1.0 and 0.2?y?0.9, respectively. The ceramic dielectric composition may have high room-temperature permittivity and excellent ESD protection characteristics and may secure withstand voltage characteristics while implementing relatively high capacitance.

Abstract: Methods of forming transition metal dichalcogenide aerogels are provided. Some methods include adding at least one solvent to one or more two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide sheets to form a transition metal dichalcogenide solution and freeze drying the transition metal dichalcogenide solution to form frozen transition metal dichalcogenide. The methods also include heating the frozen transition metal dichalcogenide to form a transition metal dichalcogenide aerogel.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of making are provided for treated mesoporous metal oxide microspheres electrodes. The compositions include microspheres with an average diameter between about 200 nanometers and about 10 micrometers and mesopores on the surface and interior of the microspheres. The methods of making include forming a mesoporous metal oxide microsphere composition and treating the mesoporous metal oxide microspheres by at least annealing in a reducing atmosphere, doping with an aliovalent element, and coating with a coating composition.

Abstract: A high-fidelity dopant paste is disclosed. The high-fidelity dopant paste includes a solvent, a set of non-glass matrix particles dispersed into the solvent, and a dopant.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device comprising (i) a composite material comprising (1) a plurality of conductive or semiconductive nanotubes, and (2) a matrix arranged between these nanotubes and (ii) means allowing said composite material to be subjected to an electric field. The present invention also concerns the uses of said device in particular to defoul or to modify a composite material and to electroporate at least one cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a natural, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, “green” mineral based composition that produces ions and emits far infrared heat and the composition comprises tourmaline microcrystals and at least one activating element.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing doped semiconductor single crystal comprises solidifying in a crucible, the amount of dopant is added into the semiconductor melt after the beginning of the crystal growth onto the seed crystal, or after at least partial solidification of the semiconductor single crystal in a conical or tapered portion of the crucible. Dopant may be partially added in advance into the crucible, with the remainder added into the semiconductor melt as described. Type III-V semiconductor single crystals or wafers having a diameter of at least about 100 mm, can be prepared having an electrical conductivity of at least about 250 Siemens/cm, and/or an electric resistivity of at most about 4×10?3 ?cm, and/or a significantly improved ratio of hall mobility to charge carrier concentration.

Abstract: With the object of providing a positive electrode active material for lithium battery that can increase the filling density, can increase the output characteristics, and furthermore, with a small voltage decrease during conservation at high temperature in a charged state, a positive electrode active material for lithium battery is proposed, containing a spinel type (Fd3-m) lithium transition metal oxide represented by general formula Li1+xM2?xO4?? (where M represents a transition metal including Mn, Al and Mg, x represents 0.01 to 0.08 and 0??) and a boron compound, the inter-the atomic distance Li—O of the spinel type lithium transition metal oxide being 1.971 ? to 2.006 ?, and the amount of magnetic substance measured for the positive electrode active material for lithium battery being 600 ppb or less.

Abstract: Reactor designs for use in ammonothermal growth of group-III nitride crystals. Internal heating is used to enhance and/or engineer fluid motion, gas mixing, and the ability to create solubility gradients within a vessel used for the ammonothermal growth of group-III nitride crystals. Novel baffle designs are used for control and improvement of continuous fluid motion within a vessel used for the ammonothermal growth of group-III nitride crystals.

Abstract: A feed-through, for example a battery feed-through for a lithium-ion battery or a lithium ion accumulator, has at least one base body which has at least one opening through which at least one conductor, for example a pin-shaped conductor, embedded in a glass material is guided. The base body contains a low melting material, for example a light metal, such as aluminum, magnesium, AlSiC, an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy, titanium, titanium alloy or steel, in particular special steel, stainless steel or tool steel. The glass material consists of the following in mole percent: 35-50% P2O5, for example 39-48%; 0-14% Al2O3, for example 2-12%; 2-10% B2O3, for example 4-8%; 0-30% Na2O, for example 0-20%; 0-20% Li2O, for example 12-20%, wherein M is K, Cs or Rb; 0-10% PbO, for example 0-9%; 0-45% Li2O, for example 0-40% or 17-40%; 0-20% BaO, for example 5-20%; 0-10% Bi2O3, for example 1-5% or 2-5%.

Abstract: The invention provides electrode active materials comprising lithium or other alkali metals, manganese, a +3 oxidation state metal ion, and optionally other metals, and a phosphate moiety. Such electrode active materials include those of the formula: AaMnbMIcMIIdMIIIePO4 wherein (a) A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, and mixtures thereof, and 0<a?1; (b) 0<b?1; (c) MI is a metal ion in the +3 oxidation state, and 0<c<0.5; (d) MII is metal ion, a transition metal ion, a non-transition metal ion or mixtures thereof, and 0?d<1; (e) MIII is a metal ion in the +1 oxidation state and 0<e<0.5; and wherein A, Mn, MI, MII, MIII, PO4, a, b, c, d and e are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of said compound.

Abstract: Nanocomposites of conductive, nanoparticulate polymer and electronically active material, in particular PEDOT and LiFePO4, were found to be significantly better compared to bare and carbon coated LiFePO4 in carbon black and graphite filled non conducting binder. The conductive polymer containing composite outperformed the other two samples. The performance of PEDOT composite was especially better in the high current regime with capacity retention of 82% after 200 cycles. Further improvement can be obtained if the porosity of the nanocomposites is enhanced. Hence an electrode produced from a composite made of conductive, nanoparticulate polymer, electronically active material, and sacrificial polymer, wherein the sacrificial polymer has been removed leaving pores has improved electrolyte and ion diffusion properties allowing the production of thicker electrodes.

Abstract: A thermal neutron shield comprising concrete with a high percentage of the element Boron. The concrete is least 54% Boron by weight which maximizes the effectiveness of the shielding against thermal neutrons. The accompanying method discloses the manufacture of Boron loaded concrete which includes enriching the concrete mixture with varying grit sizes of Boron Carbide.

Abstract: A stabilized electrode comprising a metal oxide or lithium-metal-oxide electrode material is formed by contacting a surface of the electrode material, prior to cell assembly, with an aqueous or a non-aqueous acid solution having a pH greater than 4 but less than 7 and containing a stabilizing salt, to etch the surface of the electrode material and introduce stabilizing anions and cations from the salt into said surface. The structure of the bulk of the electrode material remains unchanged during the acid treatment. The stabilizing salt comprises fluoride and at least one cationic material selected from the group consisting of ammonium, phosphorus, titanium, silicon, zirconium, aluminum, and boron.

Abstract: A ceramic boron-containing dopant paste is disclosed. The ceramic boron-containing dopant paste further comprising a set of solvents, a set of ceramic particles dispersed in the set of solvents, a set of boron compound particles dispersed in the set of solvents, a set of binder molecules dissolved in the set of solvents. Wherein, the ceramic boron-containing dopant paste has a shear thinning power law index n between about 0.01 and about 1.

Abstract: Provided is a transition metal precursor comprising a composite transition metal compound represented by Formula I, as a transition metal precursor used in the preparation of a lithium-transition metal composite oxide: M(OH1?x)2??(1) wherein M is two or more selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B, Cr and transition metals of period 2 in the Periodic Table of the Elements; and 0<x<0.5.

Abstract: A coordination compound of an element of the boron group, the production of the compound and methods of using the compound as an additive, stabilizer, catalyst, co-catalyst, activator for catalyst systems, conductivity improver, and electrolyte.

Abstract: A composite superconductor and methods of providing same include a superconductor powder dispersed within a conductive polymer matrix.

Abstract: Compositions for making wettable cathodes to be used in aluminum electrolysis cells are disclosed. The compositions generally include titanium diboride (TiB2) and metal additives. The amount of selected metal additives may result in production of electrodes having a tailored density and/or porosity. The electrodes may be durable and used in aluminum electrolysis cells.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode active material and a method to produce the same at low cost. The cathode powder comprises modified LiCoO2, and possibly a second phase which is LiM?O2 where M? is Mn, Ni, Co with a stoichiometric ratio Ni:Mn?1. The modified LiCoO2 is Ni and Mn bearing and has regions of low and high manganese content, where regions with high manganese content are located in islands on the surface. The cathode material has high cycling stability, a very high rate performance and good high temperature storage properties.

Abstract: Additions of substitutional transition metal elements are made to improve the densifiability of titanium diboride while eliminating or minimizing the presence of deleterious grain boundary phases in the resultant bulk titanium diboride articles.

Abstract: In order to provide a novel spinel type lithium transition metal oxide (LMO) having excellent power performance characteristics, in which preferably both the power performance characteristics and the cycle performance at high temperature life characteristics may be balanced, a novel spinel type lithium transition metal oxide with excellent power performance characteristics is proposed by defining the inter-atomic distance Li—O to be 1.978 ? to 2.006 ? as measured by the Rietveld method using the fundamental method in a lithium transition metal oxide represented by the general formula Li1+xM2?xO4 (where M is a transition metal consisting of three elements Mn, Al and Mg and x is 0.01 to 0.08).

Abstract: A semiconductor ceramic including a microstructure including 5 to 40% by volume of a particulate conducting phase, and 60 to 95% by volume of a particulate insulating phase, a size of the particles of the conducting phase being between 5 nm and 11 ?m, 65 to 80% of the particles of the conducting phase having an average diameter smaller than 1 ?m, and 20 to 35% of the conducting particles having an average diameter between 1 and 11 ?m, and a distance between two adjacent particles of the conducting phase being between 30 Angström and 5 ?m.

Abstract: A bonding material including a meltable joining material and a plurality of heterostructures distributed throughout the meltable joining material, the heterostructures comprising at least a first material and a second material capable of conducting a self-sustaining exothermic reaction upon initiation by an external energy to generate heat sufficient to melt the meltable joining material.

Abstract: This process is a fused glass powder process for making ceramic billets for semiconductor dopants. The powder process uses a unique combination of steps for packing, compacting and heat treating the powders. The resulting billets may be tailored in composition to provide a variety of densities, rigidities and B2O3 evolution rates. Further, the resulting wafers have a large diameter to meet the needs of semiconductor production.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal boride precursor mixture comprising a metal oxide and a boric oxide combined in such a manner so as to produce intimately linked clusters wherein the boric oxide is found within the metal oxide. Furthermore, the invention discloses a carbon composite material made with the metal boride precursor mixture and a carbonaceous component. Finally, the invention also teaches the process for preparing the metal boride precursor mixture comprising steps of providing a metal oxide and a boron oxide, mechanically mixing the metal oxide and the boron oxide at a temperature that liquefies the boron oxide and may impregnate the metal oxide to produce an intimately linked cluster of metal oxide and boric oxide.

Abstract: In some implementations of the invention, existing extremely low resistance materials (“ELR materials”) may be modified and/or new ELR materials may be created by enhancing (in the case of existing ELR materials) and/or creating (in the case of new ELR materials) an aperture within the ELR material such that the aperture is maintained at increased temperatures so as not to impede propagation of electrical charge there through. In some implementations of the invention, as long as the propagation of electrical charge through the aperture remains unimpeded, the material should remain in an ELR state; otherwise, as the propagation of electrical charge through the aperture becomes impeded, the ELR material begins to transition into a non-ELR state.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of electrochemical capacitors with a DEL. The proposed electrodes with DEL are based on non-metal conducting materials, including porous carbon materials, and are capable of providing for high specific energy, capacity and power parameters of electrochemical capacitors. P-type conductivity and high concentration of holes in electrode materials may be provided by thermal, ionic or electrochemical doping by acceptor impurities; irradiating by high-energy fast particles or quantums; or chemical, electrochemical and/or thermal treatment. The present invention allows for an increase in specific energy, capacity and power parameters, as well as a reduction in the cost of various electrochemical capacitors with DEL. The proposed electrodes with DEL can be used as positive and/or negative electrodes of symmetric and asymmetric electrochemical capacitors with aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes.

Abstract: This invention provides a dielectric composition comprising a dielectric which is fireable in air at a temperature in the range of about 450° C. to about 550° C. and a conductive oxide selected from the group consisting of antimony-doped tin oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, a transition metal oxide which has mixed valence states or will form mixed valence states after firing in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature in the range of about 450° C. to about 550° C. and normally conducting precious metal oxides such as ruthenium dioxide, wherein the amount of conductive oxide present is from about 0.25 wt % to about 25 wt % of the total weight of dielectric and conductive oxide. This dielectric composition has reduced electrical resistance and is useful in electron field emission devices to eliminate charging of the dielectric in the vicinity of the electron emitter and the effect of static charge induced field emission.

Abstract: A composite material of complex alloy is provided and it is the Ceramic-Metal Composite based on a thermoelectric material filled with ceramic material. The composite material is represented by the following general formula (I). A1?xBx ??(I) In the general formula (I), 0.05?X?0.2; A represents a Half-Heusler thermoelectric material and its proportional composition is represented with the following formula (II). (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)1?y?zNiy Snz ??(II) In the general formula (II), 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 0.25?y?0.35, and 0.25?z?0.35; B represents at least one element selected from a group of C, O, and N.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive composition and a conductive paste from which a conductive film having a high conductivity and a low thermal expansion coefficient can be formed. The thermal expansion coefficient of an island fixing type conductive layer 10 is compatible with that of a substrate 12. A cracking of the island fixing type conductive layer 10 or a crack in the substrate 12 due to a difference between these thermal expansion coefficients is suitably inhibited. The thermal expansion coefficient of the island fixing type conductive layer 10 is adjusted by ZWP contained in the range from 10 to 55 (wt %) as a low-expansion filler. Thus, compared with the case where other low-expansion filler is added, the conductivity degradation is inhibited. Accordingly, the island fixing type conductive layer 10 having a high conductivity and a high bonding strength is obtained.

Abstract: A conductive polyoxymethylene composition comprising a first polyoxymethylene component, a conductive filler, at least one boron oxyacid or salt thereof, and at least one first polyamide oligomer is disclosed. The first polyoxymethylene component comprises a copolymer of oxymethylene, a homopolymer of oxymethylene, and mixtures thereof, and is present in an amount of from about 50 to about 99.5 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition. The conductive filler is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 40 percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The boron oxyacid or salt thereof and the first polyamide oligomer stabilize the composition such that articles formed therefrom exhibit reduced or eliminated deterioration. Further, when exposed to higher temperature, pressure, and high-fuel content environments, the articles maintain the desired physical properties.

Abstract: Provided is a metal phosphate showing high proton conductivity, which is useful for a fuel cell having higher output and produced at lower cost. The proton-conductive metal phosphate is a compound containing M, P and O, wherein M represents at least one selected from the group consisting of group 4A and group 4B elements in the long form of the periodic table, a part of M is substituted with a dopant element J J represents at least one selected from the group consisting of group 3A, group 3B, group 5A and group 5B elements in the long form of the periodic table and at least contains an element selected from B, Al, Ga, Sc, Yb, Y, La, Ce, Sb, Bi, V, Ta and Nb.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for electrolessly depositing Co, Ni, or alloys thereof onto a substrate in manufacture of microelectronic devices. Grain refiners, levelers, oxygen scavengers, and stabilizers for electroless Co and Ni deposition solutions.

Abstract: Described is a composite lithium compound having a mixed crystalline structure. Such compound was formed by heating a lithium compound and a metal compound together. The resulting mixed metal crystal exhibits superior electrical property and is a better cathode material for lithium secondary batteries.

Abstract: Nanotechnology methods for creating stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric substances with unusual combination of properties by lattice level composition engineering are described.

Abstract: A alloy (Mg—X) of metal (X) and Mg in a liquid phase is made to react with B in a solid phase at a low temperature to manufacture a superconductor, which contains a large amount of MgB2 potential for MRI, linear motorcar, superconducting cavity, electric power transmission cable, high-magnetic field magnet for medical units, electric power storage (SMES), and the like and is formed in the shape of bulk, wire, and foil, by heat treatment performed at a low temperature for a short time and at low cost.

Abstract: Boron nitride nanotube paste compositions, electron emission sources including the same, electron emission devices including the same and backlight units and electron emission display devices including the same are provided. A boron nitride nanotube paste composition includes about 100 parts by weight boron nitride nanotubes, from about 500 to about 2000 parts by weight glass frit, from about 1000 to about 2000 parts by weight filler, from about 2000 to about 4000 parts by weight organic solvent, and from about 4000 to about 6000 parts by weight polymer binder. Electron emission devices including the boron nitride nanotube electron emission sources have longer lifespan and improved uniformity among pixels.

Abstract: A conductive composition consisting essentially of (a) 50-95 wt % finely divided particles of an electrically-conductive material dispersed in (b) a liquid vehicle, for use in the manufacture of an electrically-conductive pattern on a substrate for the use of reducing cross-sectional area and width while retaining conductivity and resistivity.

Abstract: A composition for use in an electrochemical redox reaction is described. The composition may comprise a material represented by a general formula MyXO4 or AxMyXO4, where each of A (where present), M, and X independently represents at least one element, O represents oxygen, and each of x (where present) and y represent a number, and an oxide of at least one of various elements, wherein the material and the oxide are cocrystailine, and/or wherein a volume of a crystalline structural unit of the composition may be different than a volume of a crystalline structural unit of the material alone. An electrode comprising such a composition is also described, as is an electrochemical cell comprising such an electrode. A process of preparing a composition for use in an electrochemical redox reaction is also described.

Abstract: Thick film conductive copper pastes that are lead-free and cadmium-free. The inventive copper pastes possess desirable characteristics, including good solderability, good wire bondability, a low firing temperature, and a wide temperature processing window, and provide excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates, including alumina and glass coated stainless steel substrates, as well as low resistivity, and a microstructure after firing that is dense and substantially free of pores.

Abstract: A material composition having a core-shell microstructure suitable for manufacturing a varistor having outstanding electrical properties, the core-shell microstructure of the material composition at least comprising a cored-structure made of a conductive or semi-conductive material and a shelled-structure made from a glass material to wrap the cored-structure, and electrical properties of the varistors during low temperature of sintering process can be decided and designated by precisely controlling the size of the grain of the cored-structure and the thickness and insulation resistance of the insulating layer of the shelled-structure of material composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of stable suspensions of metal oxide nanoparticles, in which uncharged metal oxide nanoparticles are first treated with a non-ionic surfactant in a polar organic solvent under certain conditions, and the suspension obtained is then treated with a charging solution. The suspensions of the invention can be used for preparation of high quality metal oxide films by electrophoresis deposition (EPD).

Abstract: Alloyed nanophenes comprising carbon, boron, and a Group V element other than nitrogen are provided. The alloyed nanophenes are useful, for example, as miniature electronic components, such as wires, coils, schottky barriers, diodes, inductors, memory elements, and other circuit devices and elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a metal boride precursor mixture comprising a metal oxide and a boric oxide combined in such a manner so as to produce intimately linked clusters wherein the boric oxide is found within the metal oxide. Furthermore, the invention discloses a carbon composite material made with the metal boride precursor mixture and a carbonaceous component. Finally, the invention also teaches the process for preparing the metal boride precursor mixture comprising steps of providing a metal oxide and a boron oxide, mechanically mixing the metal oxide and the boron oxide at a temperature that liquefies the boron oxide and may impregnate the metal oxide to produce an intimately linked cluster of metal oxide and boric oxide.

Abstract: A conductive polyoxymethylene composition comprising a first polyoxymethylene component, a conductive filler, at least one boron oxyacid or salt thereof, and at least one first polyamide oligomer is disclosed. The first polyoxymethylene component comprises a copolymer of oxymethylene, a homopolymer of oxymethylene, and mixtures thereof, and is present in an amount of from about 50 to about 99.5 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition. The conductive filler is present in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 40 percent by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The boron oxyacid or salt thereof and the first polyamide oligomer stabilize the composition such that articles formed therefrom exhibit reduced or eliminated deterioration. Further, when exposed to higher temperature, pressure, and high-fuel content environments, the articles maintain the desired physical properties.

Abstract: This invention is directed to black conductive compositions, black electrodes made from such compositions and methods of forming such electrodes.

Abstract: There is provided a low dielectric constant material, which is excellent in thermal resistance, has low dielectric constant, and is applicable to a semiconductor device or electric appliances, an insulation film between semiconductor layers using the same, and the semiconductor device. The material is the low dielectric constant material having thermal resistance, which contains borazine skeletal molecules shown by the following formula (1) and the like in an inorganic or organic material molecule.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel chemical compositions and manufacturing methods for producing electro-conductive, metal-ceramic materials having improved structural stability to operate at high temperatures in oxidizing atmospheres.