Abstract: A sole structure may include a damping pad. The damping pad may include a chamber, a foam element located within the chamber, particles located within the chamber and at least partially filling cavities in the foam element, and a set of electrodes positioned to create, in response to a voltage across the electrodes, an electrical field in at least a portion of the particles.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a composite film structure, the method includes determining a desired morphology for a metallic layer of the composite film structure, selecting a first metal substrate based on the determining, transferring a graphene layer onto the first metal substrate, depositing the metallic layer on the graphene layer to achieve the desired morphology, and removing the first metal substrate from the graphene and the deposited metallic layer to form the composite film structure. A surface energy difference between the first metal substrate and the deposited metallic layer results in the desired morphology of the metallic layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrorheological fluid, which includes a dielectric particle, a conductor particle and insulating oil, and the dielectric particle is evenly dispersed in the insulating oil; wherein the conductor particle is evenly dispersed in the insulating oil or inlaid in an interior and on a surface of the dielectric particle. The electrorheological fluid has the advantages of high shear stress, long service life, good temperature stability and small leakage current.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid which comprises a dispersion medium containing fluorine atoms in an amount larger than 0 wt % but not larger than 50.0 wt % and particles for electrorheological fluid use that are contained in the dispersion medium in an amount of 10-50 vol % of the total volume of the dispersion medium and the particles, the particles comprising a sulfonic-acid-group-containing polymer having a sulfonic acid group content of 30-70 wt %.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a shape compliant electroadhesive gripper for picking up an atypical object. The shape compliant electroadhesive gripper comprises a body, and an electroadhesive module disposed on the body and including an electrorheological elastomer, wherein, when a voltage is not applied, a shape of the electroadhesive module is deformed according to a shape of an external object coming into contact with the electroadhesive module, and when the voltage is applied, rigidity of the electrorheological elastomer is increased to maintain the shape of the electroadhesive module, and when the voltage is applied to the electroadhesive module, electroadhesion is made due to an electrostatic force generated between the electrorheological elastomer and the adjacent external object.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment a bottom anti-reflective layer comprises a surface energy modification group which modifies the surface energy of the polymer resin to more closely match a surface energy of an underlying material in order to help fill gaps between structures. The surface energy of the polymer resin may be modified by either using a surface energy modifying group or else by using an inorganic structure.

Abstract: [Problem] Provided is a crystalline wholly aromatic polyester which is a polycondensate of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an aromatic diol and method for manufacture thereof.

Abstract: A composition contains at least one siloxane having ethylenically unsaturated, radically-polymerizable groups, and at least one hydrocarbon having 2 to 6 ethylenically-unsaturated, radically-polymerizable groups, and can be used as a release coating, said composition allowing a good degree of release behavior from adhesive compounds while at the same time also achieving a high level of adhesion of the coating to the carrier material.

Abstract: An underwater connector half includes a base and at least two electrical connection terminals respectively connected to two electric wires received in at least one cable. The two electrical connection terminals are ring-shaped and coaxial about an axis located along a direction of assembly of a complementary connector half and the base has a side wall that is parallel to the axis and through which passes the cable. An underwater connector including such a connector half is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrophoretic particle is a method of manufacturing an electrophoretic particle including a particle and a particle surface treatment agent which is bonded to the particle, the method including preparing a mixture containing a plurality of the particles, the particle surface treatment agent, an unreacted product of a raw material used at the time of generating the particle surface treatment agent, and a reaction by-product generated at the time of generating the particle surface treatment agent, the mixture having a content of the particle surface treatment agent which is set to be equal to or greater than 70% by weight in the mixture except for the plurality of particles; and bonding the particle surface treatment agent to a surface of the particle in the mixture.

Abstract: A system for printing three dimensional objects using a liquid-matrix support includes a motor, a resin, a stage, oil, and a light projecting source. The motor is an operating interface that is adapted to move the stage in an upward or in a downward direction. The resin in the system comprises a light polymerizable liquid. The light from the light projecting source is projected onto the resin to provide a shape to the three dimensional objects. The stage is adapted to move in the upward or in the downward direction to support the growing layers of the printed three dimensional objects. The oil is a non-aqueous hydrophobic and oleo-phobic component that is coupled at an interface with the resin by a liquid-matrix support which includes an additive. The light projecting irradiates the resin, and, in a preferred embodiment, irradiation passes through the oil to the resin.

Abstract: A rubber compound containing silicon dioxide for the production of tires and comprising a polymer base with a cross-linkable unsaturated chain, a filler comprising silicon dioxide, a silane bonding agent and a vulcanization system. The filler further comprises a composite mineral consisting of a mineral of the zeolite family, onto which a layer of silicon dioxide has been deposited.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrophoretic fluid comprising charged particles dispersed in a solvent or solvent mixture, wherein (i) one type of particles which is non-white and non-black and formed from an inorganic pigment, (ii) another type of particles which is non-white and non-black and formed from an organic pigment, and both types of particles (i) and (II) are of different colors and carry the same charge polarity.

Abstract: Additives to electrolytes that enable the formation of comparatively more robust SEI films on silicon anodes. The SEI films in these embodiments are seen to be more robust in part because the batteries containing these materials have higher coulombic efficiency and longer cycle life than comparable batteries without such additives.

Abstract: An electrorheological composition has corrosion-inhibiting properties and contains at least one organic ionic compound as an electrolyte. Also disclosed are methods for the production thereof and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions including esters of polyvalent alcohols that are esterified with fatty acids, partially unsaturated, from plant oils, and to the use thereof as cooling and insulating fluids for transformers.

Abstract: An emulsified aqueous ink comprising an electrorheological fluid including a liquid phase and a solid phase, and a co-solvent, which is suitable for use in an indirect printing method.

Abstract: The invention relates to aryl- and/or heteroaryl-substituted main group element halides and/or pseudohalides, the use of main group element halides and/or pseudohalides as dopant for the doping of an organic semiconducting matrix material, as charge injection layer, as hole blocker layer, as electrode material, as transport material itself, as memory material in electronic or optoelectronic structural elements.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods and systems to reduce high voltage breakdown jitters in liquid dielectric switches. In particular, dielectric liquids have been produced that contain a suspension of nanoparticles and a surfactant to reduce the breakdown jitter. In one embodiment, the suspended nanoparticles are Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) nanoparticles.

Abstract: A dielectric high purity vegetable oil—free from antioxidants and/or external additives to be used in electric equipment such as transformers, as isolating element and as cooling means and a method for obtaining the same in which the dielectric high purity vegetable oil—is obtained by means of the optimization of the bleaching steps—and deodorizing—from the Refining process—known as Modified Caustic Refining Long-Mix (RBD).

Abstract: The present invention relates to switchgear for breaking a medium- or high-voltage electric current, which switchgear comprises a leaktight enclosure in which electrical components are found as well as a gaseous medium for extinguishing the electric arcs likely to occur in said enclosure, and which switchgear is characterized in that: the gaseous medium comprises at least one fluoroketone alone or in a mixture with at least one gas that does not form part of the fluoroketone family; the fluoroketone is present in the enclosure in part in the liquid state and in part in the gaseous state; and in that the enclosure further comprises means for absorbing molecular species that form after the ionization experienced by said fluoroketone during arcing. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said switchgear.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrophoretic display comprising: (a) microcups comprising partition walls and top-openings; (b) an organic-based electrophoretic fluid filled in the microcups, wherein said fluid comprises charged pigment particles dispersed in a solvent; and (c) a top-sealing layer formed from a sealing composition to enclose the electrophoretic fluid within the microcups. The sealing composition comprises: (i) a water soluble polymer, (ii) a water-based suspension, a water-based dispersion, a water-based emulsion, or a water-based latex, each comprising a polymer; and (iii) water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition suitable for use in electrical equipment containing a dielectric fluid including an oil component, the oil component including one or both of crambe oil and high erucic acid rapeseed oil and one or both of esterified crambe oil and esterified high erucic acid rapeseed oil.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a thermally-stable dielectric fluid. The dielectric fluid includes (a) an oil, (b) a substituted, hindered phenolic antioxidant having at least two substituted cresol groups being covalently bonded to each other through a methylene bridge, and (c) a substituted, diphenyl amine antioxidant having at least two substituted phenyl groups being covalently bonded to each other through an amine bridge.

Abstract: A two-phase mixed media insulator having a dielectric fluid filling the interstices between macro-sized dielectric beads packed into a confined volume, so that the packed dielectric beads inhibit electro-hydrodynamically driven current flows of the dielectric liquid and thereby increase the resistivity and breakdown strength of the two-phase insulator over the dielectric liquid alone. In addition, an electrical apparatus incorporates the two-phase mixed media insulator to insulate between electrical components of different electrical potentials. And a method of electrically insulating between electrical components of different electrical potentials fills a confined volume between the electrical components with the two-phase dielectric composite, so that the macro dielectric beads are packed in the confined volume and interstices formed between the macro dielectric beads are filled with the dielectric liquid.

Abstract: In some embodiments, the present invention pertains to fluid compositions that generally comprise: (1) a base fluid; and (2) boron nitride-based materials dispersed in the base fluid. In some embodiments, the boron nitride-based materials may include hexagonal boron nitride. In some embodiments, the boron nitride-based materials in the fluid compositions may be less than about 1% of the weight of the fluid composition. Additional embodiments of the present invention pertain to methods of making fluid compositions. Such methods generally include dispersing boron nitride-based materials in a base fluid, such as by mixing. In some embodiments, the methods of the present invention may also include steps of exfoliating or sonicating the bulk boron nitride-based materials followed by centrifugation and drying procedures.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a dielectric fluid. The dielectric fluid includes an algae oil. The algae oil includes a natural algae antioxidant. The natural algae antioxidant is selected from ?-carotene, astaxanthin, tocopherol, polyunsaturated triglycerides, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A system is provided. The system includes about 99.9 Wt % to about 95 Wt % of an insulating liquid, and about 0.1 Wt % to about 5 Wt % of insulating, inorganic, non-magnetic nanoparticles. Another aspect of the invention includes an electrical apparatus. The electrical apparatus includes an insulation system that comprises a dielectric fluid having about 99.9 Wt % to about 95 Wt % of an insulating liquid, and about 0.1 Wt % to about 5 Wt % of insulating, inorganic, non-magnetic nanoparticles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a dielectric fluid composition and a method thereof. Also disclosed are viscosity modifiers and a method of lowering the viscosity of an oil-based dielectric fluid. The composition includes an oil with a high mono-unsaturated fatty acid content and one or more fatty acid alkyl esters, each having a fatty acid and an alkyl moiety, wherein the alkyl moiety of the fatty acid alkyl esters has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and wherein both the oil and the fatty acid alkyl ester are in the range of 40%-60% v/v of the dielectric fluid composition. The viscosity modifier includes one or more fatty acid alkyl esters with an alkyl moiety and a fatty acid moiety, wherein the alkyl moiety has 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The method of lowering the viscosity includes blending the viscosity modifier and a vegetable oil-based dielectric fluid in a ratio of 40:60-60:40.

Abstract: The electrical contact enhancing coating is a composition that includes finely divided precious metal particles mixed with a dielectric carrier to form a coating. The dielectric carrier is a vegetable oil (preferably soybean-based) carrier of the type used as a dielectric coolant in power transformers, and is preferably high in antioxidant content. In a first embodiment, the precious metal is 100% silver having an average particle size of about 5-10 ?m. In a second embodiment, the precious metal is about 65-85% silver and 15-35% gold (average particle size 0.5-1.8 ?m), by weight. In a third embodiment, the precious metal is about 65-85% silver, 12.5-30% gold, and 2.5-5% palladium (average particle size 0.5-1.8 ?m), by weight. The precious metals may be cryogenically treated prior to mixing with the dielectric carrier.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a liquid composite dielectric material (LCDM) comprising a metal-containing dispersed phase material in an organic liquid phase material, wherein the liquid composite dielectric material has a dielectric permittivity (?r) of 10000 or more at 40 Hz and a dielectric loss (tan ?) of 1 or less at 40 Hz.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid comprises a nanoparticle composition comprising a nanoparticle, uncoated or coated with a polymeric or metallic coating and covalently bonded to or coated on a surface of a polymeric or inorganic particle; and a dielectric fluid having a dielectric constant lower than that of the nanoparticle composition. A nanoparticle composition also comprises a carbon-based nanoparticle, covalently bonded to or coated on a surface of a conjugated polymer particle or inorganic particle, wherein the nanoparticle composition is a dielectric material.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods and systems to reduce high voltage breakdown jitters in liquid dielectric switches. In particular, dielectric liquids have been produced that contain a suspension of nanoparticles and a surfactant to reduce the breakdown jitter. In one embodiment, the suspended nanoparticles are Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method is provided that includes providing a resin in liquid form. The resin can be partially cured, and subsequent to partially curing the resin, the resin can be mixed with filler particles. The resin and filler particles can be mixed, say, in a planetary mixer, and can be exposed to an ambient pressure less than atmospheric pressure during mixing. Subsequent to mixing the resin and filler particles, the resin can be fully cured. The fully-cured resin can be disposed between first and second conductive components configured to be maintained at different potentials, such as between a phase conductor and a ground conductor.

Abstract: Provided is an electrical insulating oil formulation comprising at least one diester or triester species having ester links on adjacent carbons, and an anti-oxidant additive. The formulation exhibits an excellent balance of the pour point, viscosity and fire point properties, and is imminently suitable for use as a transformer oil.

Abstract: A method of making dense dielectrics layers via chemical solution deposition by adding inorganic glass fluxed material to high dielectric constant compositions, depositing the resultant mixture onto a substrate and annealing the substrate at temperatures between the softening point of the inorganic glass flux and the melting point of the substrate. A method of making a capacitor comprising a dense dielectric layer.

Abstract: An electrorheological fluid is provided. The electrorheological fluid includes polarizing particles and a dispersion medium in which the polarizing particles are dispersed. The polarizing particles may include silica particles. The dispersion medium may include silicon oil. The silicon oil may be modified silicon oil including at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group (—OH group), an amine group (—NH2 group), a mercapto group (—SH group), and a carboxy group (—COOH group).

Abstract: A method is provided that includes providing a resin in liquid form. The resin can be partially cured, and subsequent to partially curing the resin, the resin can be mixed with filler particles. The resin and filler particles can be mixed, say, in a planetary mixer, and can be exposed to an ambient pressure less than atmospheric pressure during mixing. Subsequent to mixing the resin and filler particles, the resin can be fully cured. The fully-cured resin can be disposed between first and second conductive components configured to be maintained at different potentials, such as between a phase conductor and a ground conductor.

Abstract: Provided are a method of fabricating an electrophoretic ink, the electrophoretic ink formed using the method, and an electrophoretic display having the same. The method of fabricating the electrophoretic ink includes dispersing a pigment particle into a dielectric fluid for the electrophoretic ink and adding at least monomer and initiator to the dielectric fluid to form a polymeric membrane surrounding the pigment particle. Since the pigment particle surrounded by the polymeric membrane and the dielectric fluid in which the pigment particle is dispersed can be utilized as the electrophoretic ink as they are, the method of fabricating the electrophoretic ink is simplified.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for ferroelectric thin film formation which is used in the formation of a ferroelectric thin film of one material selected from the group consisting of PLZT, PZT, and PT. The composition for ferroelectric thin film formation is a liquid composition for the formation of a thin film of a mixed composite metal oxide formed of a mixture of a composite metal oxide (A) represented by general formula (1): (PbxLay)(ZrzTi(1?z))O3 [wherein 0.9<x<1.3, 0?y?0.1, and 0?z?0.9 are satisfied] with a composite oxide (B) or a carboxylic acid (B) represented by general formula (2): CnH2n+1COOH [wherein 3?n?7 is satisfied]. The composite oxide (B) contains one or at least two elements selected from the group consisting of P (phosphorus), Si, Ce, and Bi and one or at least two elements selected from the group consisting of Sn, Sm, Nd, and Y (yttrium).

Abstract: Variable resistance memory compositions and devices exhibiting superior data retention characteristics at elevated temperature. The compositions are composite materials that include a variable resistance component and an inert component. The variable resistance component may include a phase-change material and the inert component may include a dielectric material. The phase-change material may include Ge, Sb, and Te, where the atomic concentration of Sb is between 3% and 16% and/or the Sb/Ge ratio is between 0.07 and 0.68 and/or the Ge/Te ratio is between 0.6 and 1.1 and/or the concentration of dielectric component (expressed as the sum of the atomic concentrations of the constituent elements thereof) is between 5% and 50%. The compositions exhibit high ten-year data retention temperatures and long data retention times at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A polymer-encapsulated nanoparticle system includes a non-aqueous medium; and polymer-encapsulated nanoparticles formed in situ in the non-aqueous medium. Each polymer-encapsulated particle has a diameter that is less than 1 micron, and includes a solid particle core, and a polymer coating established directly on the solid particle core.

Abstract: The electrical contact enhancing coating is a composition that includes finely divided precious metal particles mixed with a dielectric carrier to form a coating. The dielectric carrier is a vegetable oil (preferably soybean-based) carrier of the type used as a dielectric coolant in power transformers, and is preferably high in antioxidant content. In a first embodiment, the precious metal is 100% silver having an average particle size of about 5-10 ?m. In a second embodiment, the precious metal is about 65-85% silver and 15-35% gold (average particle size 0.5-1.8 ?m), by weight. In a third embodiment, the precious metal is about 65-85% silver, 12.5-30% gold, and 2.5-5% palladium (average particle size 0.5-1.8 ?m), by weight. The precious metals may be cryogenically treated prior to mixing with the dielectric carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high dielectric constant paste composition comprising (A) inorganic particles having a perovskite crystal structure or a complex perovskite crystal structure, (B) a compound represented by any one of the general formulas (1) to (4) shown below, and (C) an organic solvent. The present invention provides a high dielectric constant paste composition for producing a high dielectric constant dielectric composition which has high insulation reliability and exhibits satisfactory resistance in a high-temperature high-humidity bias test.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for depositing a film on one or more substrates include providing a reactor with at least one substrate disposed in the reactor. At least one alkaline earth metal precursor and at least one titanium containing precursor are provided, vaporized, and at least partly deposited onto the substrate to form a strontium and titanium or a strontium and titanium and barium containing film.

Abstract: A dielectric fluid comprising hydrocarbon liquid admixed with an ester-based compound, wherein the ester-based compound is present in an effective amount to impart breakdown inhibiting properties to a paper insulation material when the dielectric fluid is in contact with the paper material.

Abstract: Stable dispersions of nanoparticles and microparticles in liquids and method for their preparation are disclosed. The dispersions can comprise about 0.1 wt % to about 25 wt % of at least one disodium salt monohydrate of 4-5-dihydroxy-1,3 benzenedisulfonic acid; about 1 wt % to about 90 wt % of particles; and about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of at least one liquid. The particles can comprise nanoparticulate metals, metal oxides, silica and coated particles. The liquid can comprise at least one polar liquid.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a sol-gel film composition for use in a thin film transistor is disclosed. The method BB includes fabricating the sol-gel dielectric composition by solution processing at a temperature in the range 60° C. to 225° C. The sol-gel film made by the method, and an organic thin-film Si wafer Si wafer transistor incorporating the sol-gel film are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polar molecules dominated electrorheological fluids mainly comprising a mixture of dispersed phase of solid particles and/or dispersing liquid medium. The dispersed phase solid particles, on the surface, or the liquid dispersing medium contain polar molecules or polar groups, the dipole moment of which is 0.5-10 deb and the size is between 0.1 nm and 0.8 nm. Dispersed phase solid particles are spherical or nearly spherical, of which the size is 10-300 nm and dielectric constant is higher than 50. The conductance rate of the liquid dispersing medium is lower than 10?8 S/m, and the dielectric constant is lower than 10. The PM-ER fluids possess the characteristics of high yield strength, high dynamic shear strength, low leakage current, the linear dependence of yield strength on electric field, and high yield strength at low electric field, etc. The yield strength improves to almost 100 times of that of ordinary ER fluids and reaches to more than 200 Kpa.

Abstract: An electromagnetic rheological (“EMR”) fluid (18) broadly includes a conducting medium (22) and a plurality of micronparticles (24) suspended in the medium (22). Each of the micronparticles (24) includes a magnetically permeable core (26), an electrically insulating coating (28) surrounding the core (26), and a conductive winding (30) at least partially wound around the core (26) so that the coating (28) is disposed between the winding (30) and the core (26). An apparatus (10) constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention broadly includes a deformable membrane (12), a pair of polar opposed plates (14 and 16) coupled to the membrane (12), the EMR fluid (18) filling the membrane (12) and being in communication with a current source (20). Current flowing through adjacent windings (30) induces magnetic fields in the corresponding micronparticles (24) that mutually draw the adjacent micronparticles (30) causing them to move together into a north pole-south pole alignment.