Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, and an electrolyte solution with which the capacitor element is impregnated. The capacitor element includes an anode foil having a dielectric layer on a surface thereof, and a solid electrolyte layer including a conductive polymer and in contact with the dielectric layer of the anode foil. The electrolyte solution contains at least one of polyalkylene glycol and a derivative of polyalkylene glycol, and at least one of diphenyl amine, naphthol, nitrophenol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, and pyrogallol.

Abstract: A method of producing metallic powder for use in the manufacture of a capacitor comprises the step of reducing a non-metallic compound to metal in contact with a molten salt. The salt comprises, for at least a portion of the process, a dopant element that acts as a sinter retardant in the metal. In preferred examples, the metallic powder is Ta or Nb powder produced by the reduction of a Ta or Nb oxide and the dopant is boron, nitrogen, or phosphorous.

Abstract: A power storage device using an organic solvent as a nonaqueous solvent for a nonaqueous electrolyte, in which a CV charging period in CCCV charging can be prevented from being extended and which has high performance, can be provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The nonaqueous electrolyte includes an ionic liquid including an alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having one or more substituents and a counter anion to the alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, a cyclic ester, and an alkali metal salt. In particular, in the power storage device, the ionic liquid content is greater than or equal to 70 wt % and less than 100 wt % per unit weight of the ionic liquid and the cyclic ester in the nonaqueous electrolyte, or greater than or equal to 50 wt % and less than 80 wt % per unit weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions containing a formula of LixTiyV1Bz wherein x, y, and z are real numbers greater than zero. In certain embodiments, x is not greater than 7, and y is not greater than 6, or a combination thereof. The composition may be a microporous aerogel, a mesoporous aerogel, a crystalline structure, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the composition may be an aerogel, and a surface of the aerogel comprises microcrystals, nanocrystals or a combination thereof. The compositions have very low densities. Also disclosed are methods to produce the composition and use of the composition in energy storage devices.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a lithium salt; a non-aqueous organic solvent; and an additive including a compound represented by the Chemical Formula 1,

Abstract: The present invention provides a sealed lithium secondary battery in which redox shuttle reactions of an aromatic compound that is an overcharge inhibitor are inhibited, and the aromatic compound decomposes appropriately, and a desired amount of gas can be generated more stably than in conventional instances, even in high-temperature environments. In the sealed lithium secondary battery (100), an electrode assembly (80) and an electrolyte are accommodated in a battery case (50) that is provided with a current interrupt device (30). The electrolyte comprises a compound that is capable of suppressing drops in viscosity of the electrolyte as a result of a rise in temperature in a temperature region up to 100° C., and an aromatic compound capable of generating hydrogen gas when a predetermined battery voltage is exceeded.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having desirable electronic and ionic conductivities, and associated systems and methods, are generally described.

Abstract: Provided is a sodium secondary battery capable of operating at a low temperature. More particularly, the sodium secondary battery according to the present invention includes: an anode containing sodium; a cathode containing a transition metal and an alkali metal halide; and a sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is impregnated in a molten salt electrolyte containing a sodium.metal halogen salt including at least two kinds of halogens.

Abstract: A capacitor for an implantable medical device is presented. The capacitor includes an anode, a cathode, a separator therebetween, and an electrolyte over the anode, cathode, and separator. The electrolyte includes ingredients comprising acetic acid, ammonium acetate, phosphoric acid, and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The capacitor has an operating voltage ninety percent or greater of its formation voltage.

Abstract: An electrochromic device includes a stack successively including: a first current collector, an electrochromic electrode made of a material capable of reversibly inserting metal ions, an electrolyte, a second current collector, a reflective substrate contacting the first current collector or with the second current collector.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolytic solution suitable for use in a 100 WV class electrolytic capacitor having low inductance at low temperatures and high durability in high-temperature use conditions. This electrolytic solution for an electrolytic capacitor contains: a mixed organic solvent including sulfolane and ?-butyrolactone; water; an electrolyte selected from the group consisting of a quaternized pyridinium salt of carboxylic acid and a quaternized imidazolinium salt of carboxylic acid; boric acid; and mannitol; and has a mass ratio of boric acid and mannitol in the range of 1:1.2 to 1:1.6, and a total amount of boric acid and mannitol of 10.0 to 14.5% by mass of the total electrolytic solution, the water content being 1.5 to 2.0% by mass of the total electrolytic solution.

Abstract: Dry process based energy storage device structures and methods for using a dry adhesive therein are disclosed.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including a first substantially transparent substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; a second substrate having an electrically conductive material associated therewith; and an electrochromic medium contained within a chamber positioned between the first and second substrates which includes: at least one solvent; at least one anodic electroactive material; at least one cathodic electroactive material; wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and a creep resistant crosslinked polyelectrolyte gel matrix.

Abstract: One object is to provide a power storage device including an electrolyte using a room-temperature ionic liquid which includes a univalent anion and a cyclic quaternary ammonium cation having excellent reduction resistance. Another object is to provide a high-performance power storage device. A room-temperature ionic liquid which includes a cyclic quaternary ammonium cation represented by a general formula (G1) below is used for an electrolyte of a power storage device. In the general formula (G1), one or two of R1 to R5 are any of an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a methoxy group, a methoxymethyl group, and a methoxyethyl group. The other three or four of R1 to R5 are hydrogen atoms. A? is a univalent imide anion, a univalent methide anion, a perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid anion, tetrafluoroborate (BF4?), or hexafluorophosphate (PF6?).

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolyte for a rechargeable lithium battery including an organic solvent; a lithium salt; a flame retardant; and at least one acrylate compound having a fluorinated alkyl group. The electrolyte for a rechargeable battery may provide a rechargeable lithium battery having flame-retardant characteristics without decrease of cycle-life and battery performance.

Abstract: An electrolyte for rechargeable lithium battery includes a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent, a first additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and a second additive represented by the following Chemical Formula 2. A rechargeable lithium battery includes the electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention directs to a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, including (I) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of fluorinated linear sulfones and fluorinated linear sulfonic acid esters, and (II) an electrolyte salt. Such a non-aqueous electrolyte solution has high oxidation resistance, minimizes its decomposition even when hydrofluoric acid is produced. Also, the solution is less likely to cause, in the case of being used for a secondary cell, swelling of the cell and lowering of the battery performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising, as cation, a specific phosphonium cation, as anion, a formate anion, which can be used, alone or as a mixture, to constitute electrolytes for energy storage devices.

Abstract: Provided is a composite electrode including a metal layer and a composite dielectric layer. The composite dielectric layer includes a metal oxide dielectric layer and a polymer dielectric layer. The composite dielectric layer overlays the metal layer. The polymer dielectric layer includes a nitrogen-containing polymer and overlays the metal oxide dielectric layer. An electrolytic capacitor is also provided. The electrolytic capacitor has a polymer dielectric layer made of a nitrogen-containing polymer, and such polymer dielectric layer is beneficial to increase the insulating property of the metal oxide dielectric layer and the coverage property of the conductive polymer. Thereby, the conventional leakage current can be significantly reduced and the yield can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides an entire solid lithium secondary battery comprising: a cathode; an anode; and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the cathode and the anode. The solid electrolyte layer is formed of a Li(1-x)NbO3 crystal (where 0.10?x?0.35) having a trigonal ilmenite crystal structure. This entire solid lithium secondary battery has a high charge-discharge property.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent; a lithium salt; and a phosphonitrile fluoride trimer as an additive, and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the same. The thickness increase rate of a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrolyte is reduced even when the battery is kept at a high temperature. Thus, the thermal stability and durability of the battery are prominently improved. The durability of the battery can be further improved by including a vinylene carbonate or ethylene carbonate group compound in the electrolyte.

Abstract: An electrochemical generator includes a first electrode covered by a passivation layer having a compound formed by repetition of a pattern of the following formula (7): in which: n is an integer comprised between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 4; R1 and R2 are identical or different and chosen independently from the group formed by —CH2—, a cyclic or acyclic, linear or branched alkyl chain; R3 is chosen from the group formed by —CH3, a cyclic or acyclic, linear or branched alkyl chain, and a group of the following formula (8): in which: N is a mono or polycyclic, aromatic hydrocarbonated group chosen from the group formed by phenyl, aryl groups, condensed polyaromatic groups, which may be substituted; R4 is chosen from the group formed by —CH2-, a cyclic or acyclic, linear or branched alkyl chain; and A is identical to or different from A?.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are lithium or lithium-ion batteries that employ an aluminum or aluminum alloy current collector protected by conductive coating in combination with electrolyte containing aluminum corrosion inhibitor and a fluorinated lithium imide or methide electrolyte which exhibit surprisingly long cycle life at high temperature.

Abstract: An electrolyte membrane is prepared from a liquid composition comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of trivalent cerium, tetravalent cerium, bivalent manganese and trivalent manganese; and a polymer with a cation-exchange group. The liquid composition is preferably one containing water, a carbonate of cerium or manganese, and a polymer with a cation-exchange group, and a cast film thereof is used as an electrolyte membrane to prepare a membrane-electrode assembly. The present invention successfully provides a membrane-electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells being capable of generating the electric power in high energy efficiency, having high power generation performance regardless of the dew point of the feed gas, and being capable of stably generating the electric power over a long period of time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to in situ formation of a single-layered electrochemical cell comprising a full tri-layer battery structure containing a discrete positive electrode, solid state electrolyte, and negative electrode from self-assembled nanocomposites. The single layered cell makes it possible to fabricate cells in three dimensions resulting in a very high energy density power source within very small and/or complex dimensions.

Abstract: Described herein are materials for use in electrolytes that provide a number of desirable characteristics when implemented within batteries, such as high stability during battery cycling up to high temperatures, high voltages, high discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent retention of discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency over several cycles of charging and discharging. In some embodiments, a high voltage electrolyte includes a base electrolyte and an additive compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrolytic solution for an aluminum electrolyte capacitor with which there is little deterioration of the electrolytic solution properties, the sparking voltage is high, and shorting does not occur, even when the voltage used is high. The invention also provides an electrolyte (C) formed from anions of at least one phosphoric acid alkyl ester (A) and amidinium cations (B), at least one boric acid compound (F) selected from the group consisting of boric acid and boric acid esters, a C2-15 carboxylic acid (D) formed from carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, and hydrogen atoms only, and an organic solvent (E).

Abstract: Salts with formula X?M+ wherein M+ is Li, Na, K, an ammonium, a phosphonium, an imidazolium, a pyridinium, or a pyrazolium and X? is an anion formed from covalent linking of two negative moieties to a positive onium-type core are provided. Also provided are electrolytes and batteries produced from these salts.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrolyte solution involves combining ammonium tetrafluoroborate and a quaternary ammonium halide in a liquid solvent to form a quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate and an ammonium halide. The ammonium halide precipitate is removed from the solvent to form an electrolyte solution. The reactants can be added step-wise to the solvent, and the method can include using a stoichiometric excess of the ammonium tetrafluoroborate to form a substantially halide ion-free electrolyte solution. Filtration can be done at low temperatures to reduce the amount of excess bromide in the resulting electrolyte.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrochemical device having an electrolytic solution having high current density and high oxidation resistance, as well as high safety, where dissolution and deposition of magnesium progress repeatedly and stably. The present invention relates to the electrolytic solution for an electrochemical device comprising (1) the supporting electrolyte composed of a magnesium salt and (2) at least one or more kinds of the compound represented by the following general formula [2], as well as the electrochemical device comprising said electrolytic solution, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that can improve the electrochemical properties in a broad temperature range and an electrochemical device using the same. A nonaqueous electrolytic solution prepared by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent, wherein the nonaqueous solvent includes 0.1 to 30% by volume of a fluorine atom-containing cyclic carbonate, and further the nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes 0.001 to 5% by mass of a branched dinitrile compound in which the main chain of an alkylene chain linking the two nitrile groups has 2 or more and 4 or less of the carbon number.

Abstract: A fiber-based reflective lighting device and a housed lighting device. The fiber-based reflective lighting device which includes a source configured to generate a primary light, and a substrate having a nanocomposite mat of reflective fibers having a diameter less than 1,000 nm which diffusively reflects light upon illumination with at least the primary light. The nanocomposite mat includes a reflectance-enhancing coating conformally disposed around an outer surface of the fibers, having a refractive index different from the reflective fibers, and which increases a reflectance of the substrate in the visible spectrum. The lighting device includes a light exit configured to emanate the reflected light. The housed lighting device includes a housing, a source configured to generate primary light and direct the primary light into the housing, the reflective nanocomposite mat of reflective fibers, and a light exit in the housing configured to emanate the reflected light from the housing.

Abstract: Variable-emittance, electrochromic devices utilizing IR-active conducting polymers and methods of preparing the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A battery system includes a battery including an anode, a cathode, and a liquid electrolyte; and a conduit communicating to the battery an electrolyte liquid having an electrolyte salt density lower than an electrolyte salt density of the liquid electrolyte. The electrolyte may be non-aqueous. The electrolyte may be volatile.

Abstract: Electrode assemblies for use in electrochemical cells are provided. The negative electrode assembly comprises negative electrode active material and an electrolyte chosen specifically for its useful properties in the negative electrode. These properties include reductive stability and ability to accommodate expansion and contraction of the negative electrode active material. Similarly, the positive electrode assembly comprises positive electrode active material and an electrolyte chosen specifically for its useful properties in the positive electrode. These properties include oxidative stability and the ability to prevent dissolution of transition metals used in the positive electrode active material. A third electrolyte can be used as separator between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

Abstract: Polymer electrolytes offer increased safety and stability as compared to liquid electrolytes, yet there are a number of new challenges that polymer electrolytes introduce. A novel polymer electrolyte, as disclosed herein, is an ionically-conductive polymer with a backbone that is both highly flexible and highly conductive with high conductivity pendant chains attached, thus increasing the concentration of lithium coordination sites and improving ionic conductivity. Previous strategies for comb-type conductive polymers have focused on attaching either conductive pendant chains to a flexible non-conductive backbone or conductive pendant groups to a marginally flexible conductive backbone.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to gel-type polymer electrolyte for a dye-sensitized solar cell, a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the gel-type polymer electrolyte, and a method for manufacturing the dye-sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: Lithium-ion-conducting ceramic materials are disclosed having characteristics of high lithium-ion conductivity at low temperatures, good current efficiency, and stability in water and corrosive media under static and electrochemical conditions. Some general formulas for the lithium-ion-conducting materials include MI1+x+z??MIIIxMIVayMIVb2?x?yMVzP3?zO12 and MI1+x+4z??MIIIxMIVayMIVb2?x?y?zP3O12, wherein MI comprises Li, Na, or mixtures thereof; 0.05<x<0.5, 0.05<y<2, 0?z<3, and 0??<0.5; MIII comprises Al, Hf, Sc, Y, La, or mixtures thereof; MIVa comprises Zr, Ge, Sn, or mixtures thereof; MIVb comprises Ti; and MV comprises Si, Ge, Sn, or mixtures thereof. In some cases, the lithium-ion conducting materials are formed through a process in which the materials' powdered precursors are milled after being calcined and before being sintered. The milling process may include using milling media of multiple sizes.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide: a method for stabilizing a solution that contains LiPF6 by increasing thermal stability of LiPF6 without changing the structure thereof; an electrolyte solution for nonaqueous secondary batteries, which has increased thermal stability; and a nonaqueous secondary battery which has increased thermal stability. [Solution] To have a solution containing LiPF6 contain a phosphoric acid ester amide represented by general formula (I) in such an amount that the molar ratio of the phosphoric acid ester amide relative to LiPF6 is 0.001-2.

Abstract: The present disclosure is to provide an organic conductor having high conductivity and heat resistance. The organic conductor in accordance with the present disclosure contains a conductive polymer, a quinone compound, and a vanadyl compound.

Abstract: Paste which is prepared by any solid concentration and is excellent in terms of handleability, applicability, and storage stability; an electrolyte film or electrode film which is an even and highly flexible coating film formed in a desired thickness from the paste through a few repetitions of an application/drying step; and a polymer transducer which can be industrially and economically produced and shows excellent performance. The paste comprises: a solid polyelectrolyte (A) consisting of a block copolymer containing; a polymer block (a-1) which is represented by chemical formula (1) and a polymer block (a-2) which has substantially no ionic group and is rubbery at room temperature; an organic solvent (B) having a boiling point at 150° C. or higher; and non-dissociable particles (C) which are insoluble in the organic solvent (B) and have a major-axis length of 1-100 ?m and an aspect ratio of 5 or less.

Abstract: Electrolyte for an electrochemical battery cell, containing sulfur dioxide and a conductive salt. Improved characteristics of a cell filled with the electrolyte are achieved in that the molar concentration of hydroxide groups in the electrolyte is at most 50 mmol per liter and the molar concentration of chlorosulfonate groups in the electrolyte is at most 350 mmol per liter.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolytic solution for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery and a nonaqueous electrolyte battery having excellent cycle characteristics and high-temperature storage characteristics without causing hydrolysis of a fluorine-containing lithium salt, such as LiPF6, contained as a solute and containing a less amount of free fluorine ions, as well as a method of producing the electrolytic solution for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of safely producing a solution containing a tetrafluoro(oxalate)phosphate in which the amounts of chlorine compounds and free acids are low such that crystallization refinement is not required in a post-process. The method produces a tetrafluoro(oxalate)phosphate solution by mixing a tetrafluoro(oxalate)phosphate with oxalic acid in a non-aqueous solvent and then adding silicon tetrachloride to the resulting mixture solution for reaction. In the reaction, the addition ratio of the hexafluorophosphate, oxalic acid, and silicon tetrachloride is controlled such that the amount of the hexafluorophosphate is 1.90 moles or more and the amount of the oxalic acid is 1.90 to 2.10 moles, based on 1 mole of the silicon tetrachloride.

Abstract: A method for formulating a ceramic power for producing a proton-conducting electrolytic membrane for an electrochemical cell, includes forming a suspension of a previously synthesized, unprocessed ceramic powder in a solvent having a hydrogen potential greater than 7 so as to produce a slip, the unprocessed ceramic powder including agglomerates consisting of a plurality of ceramic grains, crushing the agglomerates contained in the slip so as to reduce the agglomerates, and drying the slip so as to mechanically separate the agglomerates from the solvent and recover the dried agglomerates.

Abstract: An electrolyte includes a solvent and an electrolyte salt. The solvent contains at least one selected from ester compounds, lithium monofluorophosphate, and lithium difluorophosphate, and at least one selected from anhydrous compounds. The ester compounds are chain compounds having ester moieties, such as (—O—C(?O)—O—R), at both ends. The anhydrous compounds are cyclic compounds having, for example, a disulfonic anhydride group, (—S(O?)2—O—S(O?)2—).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrolyte of an energy storage device. An electrolyte composition in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrolyte salt, a carbonate solvent, and at least one nitrile solvent of acetonitrile and propionitrile.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium-based energy storage device comprising at least one lithium salt, a solvent and at least one compound of general formula (1), and to their use in lithium-based energy storage devices.

Abstract: New homogeneous fluids with a viscosity less than about three Poise comprising discrete carbon nanotubes with volume fractions above the percolation threshold concentration calculated for randomly oriented rods in a liquid are disclosed. A method is also disclosed for production of the new fluids. The fluids are particularly useful for making battery pastes.

Abstract: There is provided an ionic compound having attached thereto a silyloxy group. There is also provided methods of making this ionic compound as well as electrolytes, electrochemical cells and capacitors comprising this ionic compound.