Abstract: A magnesia ceramic for high-frequency electric insulation is produced by using, as the principal component, magnesia and adding thereto a calcium-magnesium-phosphate and at least one member selected from the group consisting of the oxides of aluminum, silicon, beryllium and tungsten.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic capacitor is characterized by a ceramic composition including barium titanate and lithium fluoride as essential ingredients resulting in the capability of sintering the composition at temperatures below 1100.degree. C. As a consequence, the electrodes for the capacitor can be formulated from pure silver or a silver palladium composition in which the major component is silver thereby decreasing the expense of such capacitors as compared to those requiring platinum, gold, or mixtures of these precious metals and/or similar precious metals in making up the electrodes.

Abstract: A ceramic composition allowing low-temperature sintering at a temperature below 1000.degree. C and having a high dielectric constant over 5000 essentially contains Pb(Fe 2/3 W 1/3)O.sub.3 and Pb(Fe 1/3 Nb 2/3)O.sub.3, in which the molecular ratio of Pb(Fe 2/3 W 1/3)O.sub.3 to Pb(Fe 1/3 Nb 2/3)O.sub.3 ranges from about 0.2 to 0.5.

Abstract: A process for making electronic filter circuit components is provided which comprises forming a flat electrically conductive layer on a wafer formed of ceramic, or of other appropriate dielectric material, the conductor being shaped to provide a portion of an inductive coil, or a capacitive element. The process of the invention assures relatively low resistance in the conductive layers so as to provide a filter circuit of a relatively high quality factor (Q), when a plurality of such wafers are stacked and appropriately interconnected.

Abstract: Carbon formation on voltage breakdown and sparking, and consequent carbon deposits on insulators and other surfaces, is suppressed in dielectric gases of halogenated alkanes by adding SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2 to the halogenated alkane to form a gaseous dielectric mixture. Moreover, certain of the gaseous dielectric mixtures evidence unexpectedly high dielectric breakdown voltages. The gaseous dielectric mixtures are useful in high voltage coaxial lines, in transformers, in minisubstations, and the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing a tetra-silicic mica having the formula Na.sub.0.6 - 0.8 Mg.sub.2.6 - 2.7 (Si.sub.4 O.sub.10)F.sub.2 which comprises mixing components selected from the group of sodium fluoride (NaF, sodium silicofluoride (Na.sub.2 SiF.sub.6), magnesium fluoride (MgF.sub.2), magnesia (MgO) and silica (SiO.sub.2) in a mole ratio of (a) 1 - 1.2 NaF : 0.5 - 1.2 MgF.sub.2 : 2 MgO : 4 SiO.sub.2 or (b) 0.5 - 0.8 Na.sub.2 SiF.sub.6 : 0.5 - 1.2 MgF.sub.2 : 2 MgO : 4 SiO.sub.2, melting the mixture at a temperature of 1300.degree. C to 1500.degree. C and cooling the melt to obtain a crystal.This invention further relates to a water sol of flake-like ultra-fine particles of tetra-silicic mica produced in accordance with claim 1, wherein most of the flake-like particles dispersed in water have a thickness of less than 50 A and an average diameter of the flat plane of between 500 A and 3000 A.

Abstract: Multilayer capacitors of good electrical properties can be made by firing, in air at low temperatures, certain modified lead titanate dielectric compositions. The dielectric compositions have the formula(Sr.sub.x Pb.sub.1-x TiO.sub.3).sub.a (PbMg.sub.0.5 W.sub.0.5 O.sub.3).sub.bwhereinx is 0-0.10,a is 0.35-0.5,b is 0.5-0.65, anda plus b equals 1.

Abstract: An improved high dielectric constant ink useful in making thick film capacitors is disclosed in which a dielectric material is combined with a glass bonding agent having at least one electropositive element therein which is common with the powdered, high dielectric material which is one selected from the group consisting of chemically pure barium titanate and chemically pure barium titanate modified with from about 0.125% to about 5.0% by weight of a metal oxide additive. The glass bonding agent is an alkali-free binder comprising from 3 percent to 7 percent by total weight of the dielectric and binder materials.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a titanate which comprises adding an aqueous solution containing ions of titanium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, Sr, Zn, Cd and Pb to an aqueous alkaline solution containing hydrogen peroxide, recovering the resulting precipitate and heating the precipitate at a temperature not lower than 100.degree. C to give the titanate of the metal as used in uniformly fine particles. The resulting titanate can be used as ceramic materials for electronic elements.

Abstract: A sintered ceramic dielectric body is provided which exhibits a high dielectric constant as well as a low dielectric loss and almost no variation in the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss with respect to a wide variation of an applied high AC or DC voltage, respectively. The ceramic dielectric composition consists essentially, by weight, of approximately 18 to 70% of strontium titanate (SrTiO.sub.3), approximately 4 to 75% of barium titanate (BaTiO.sub.3), 2.5 to 17.4% of bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3) and 1.7 to approximately 20% of titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2); the ratio by mole of the titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2) to the bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3) being within the range from approximately 1 to 18.

Abstract: Plasticized polymeric compositions based on vinyl chloride polymers and particularly useful as sheathings for electric cables and for similar applications are disclosed. The compositions contain very small amounts, from 0.05 to 3.0 parts, preferably from 0.05 to 1.0 part by weight of SiO.sub.2, very small amounts, from 0.0005 to 1.0 preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 part by weight of a phenol-type antioxidant, and optionally but not necessarily small amounts, from 0.5 to 4.0 parts, preferably from 0.05 to 2.0 parts, by weight of oxides and/or hydroxides of magnesium, aluminum, zinc and alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: Sub-micron metal oxide powders, such as barium titanate, are prepared by mixing a carbohydrate material with solution of barium and titanium compounds, and in some instances other metal compounds, followed by ignition and calcining of the mixture to give sub-micron size particles of barium titanate loosely held together in friable aggregates. For economic reasons as well as their commercial availability, inorganic chlorides are suitable for use as one or more of the starting compounds. However, the presence of a chloride compound greatly influences the thermal stability of that compound in the mixture and hence its rate of decomposition was found to be slow. Accordingly, after the ignition step any chlorides present in the mixture are removed before calcination. The process provides a means for the direct formation of barium titanate free of unwanted phases and which is chemically pure. Barium titanate can also be prepared as an intimate mixture or as a solid solution with other oxides.

Abstract: A ceramic is disclosed which maintains a high electric resistance over a wide temperature range and has a large temperature coefficient of resistance variation at temperatures just below the aforesaid range, the PTC ceramic consisting essentially of100 parts by weight of four ingredients includingA. 1 mol of barium titanate composition,B. 0.003 to 0.05 mol of titania,C. 0.003 to 0.05 mol of alumina, andD. 0.005 to 0.06 mol of silica;0.05 to 0.3 part by weight ofE. tantalum pentoxide and/or antimony pentoxide; and0.005 to 0.03 part by weight ofF. manganese and/or copper.

Abstract: A ceramic compound having the formula (La.sub.x A.sup.+2.sub.1-x).sub.2 (Ti.sub.x B.sup.+5.sub.1-x).sub.2 O.sub.7 wherein A.sup.+2 is a positive divalent element selected from the group consisting of Ba, Ca, Cd, Mg, Sr and mixtures thereof and B.sup.+5 is a positive pentavalent element selected from the group consisting of Sb, Mo, Nb, Ta, W and mixtures thereof and x is a numeral ranging from 0.70 to 0.99. This compound is characterized by a relatively small temperature coefficient of permittivity, a relatively high insulation resistance, a relatively low loss factor and is compatible with relatively low cost noble metals, making it useful for forming dielectric elements in monolithic multi-layer capacitor elements.

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric composition is provided which consists essentially of bismuth titanate with substituents, expressed by the formula:Bi.sub.4-x Me.sub.x Ti.sub.3-y R.sub.y O.sub.12where R is at least one divalent metal selected from strontium, barium and lead, Me is at least one pentavalent metal selected from tantalum, niobium and antimony, and both x and y are numbers falling within the range of 0.4 to 2.0 and the ratio of x/y is within the range of 0.9 to 1.1. This composition may contain specified metal oxide additives. The ceremic dielectric composition is sintered at a relatively low temperature, and exhibits a dielectric constant having a reduced dependence upon temperature variations over a wide use range, a reduced dielectric loss, enhanced resistivity and breakdown voltage.

Abstract: Perfluorinated ethers evidence useful properties as gaseous dielectrics and do not exhibit a high carbon tracking tendency, which is commonly a problem with halogenated alkanes. Mixtures of the perfluorinated ethers with SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2, in critical proportions which are specific to each system, evidence improved dielectric breakdown voltages. The perfluorinated ethers and mixtures of the perfluorinated ethers with SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2 are useful in high voltage coaxial lines, transformers, minisubstations, and the like.

Abstract: An electrical heating element composition comprising crystals of fused magnesium oxide improved by the inclusion of 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of said fused magnesium oxide, of an additive composition which has excellent lubricating properties in respect of the magnesium oxide crystals and reacts at 800.degree. to 1050.degree. C with active conductivity centers at the surface of one or more adjacent magnesium oxide crystals; an improvement in the preparation of an electrical heating element wherein a granular fused magnesium oxide composition is subjected to mechanical shaping and calcination which comprises employing as the electrical heating element composition a composition comprising crystals of fused magnesium oxide and 0.05 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of said fused magnesium oxide, of an additive composition which has excellent lubricating properties in respect of the magnesium oxide crystals and reacts at 800.degree. to 1050.degree.

Abstract: Finely divided dielectric powder compositions having the formula (Sr.sub.x Pb.sub.1-x TiO.sub.3).sub.a (PbMg.sub.0.5 W.sub.0.5 O.sub.3).sub.b whereinx is 0-0.10,a is 0.35-0.5,b is 0.5-0.65, anda plus b equals one,Said compositions having been calcined in air at 750.degree.-900.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes. These powder compositions may be formed into the desired shape and sintered in air at reduced temperatures to produce dielectric bodies of improved properties.

Abstract: Cadmium tellurite with a composition CdTeO.sub.3 is formed by reactive sputtering of a cadmium telluride target in an oxygen atmosphere.

Abstract: A fluid, filled, resinous casting composition, having a viscosity below about 20,000 cp. at 100.degree. C, is made from liquid resin, resin curing agent, and as high as 85 weight percent of a glassy filler comprising about 50 to about 60 weight percent of SiO.sub.2, about 12 to about 22 weight percent of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, about 5 to about 15 weight percent of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, about 4 to about 14 weight percent of MgO and about 2.5 to about 12.5 weight percent of CaO.

Abstract: Acidic hydrosols are provided for forming an electrically insulating and corrosion resistant coating on a substrate which consumes a minor quantity of acid from said hydrosol, said substrate being selected from the group consisting of metals higher than hydrogen in the electromotive series, porcelain, glass, wood, paper, cotton, plastics and hydrateable oxides.The hydrosols of this invention are formed by admixing water, an acid such as phosphoric acid, or nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid or acetic acid or mixtures thereof, a metal silicate or hydrous magnesium silicate, and optionally, a magnesium compound and a boron compound. A significant feature of the present hydrosols is their water-white clarity and resistance to deterioration or decompositin for at least 15-20 minutes, and their ability to deposit a substantially uniform coating virtually instantaneously upon said substrates when placed in contact therewith.

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric material according to the present invention has a composition consisting essentially of La.sub.2 Ti.sub.2 O.sub.7, Sr.sub.2 Nb.sub.2 O.sub.7, and 1/2Mg.sub.2x --Ti.sub.2.sub.-2x O.sub.4.sub.-2x, where x lies in a range of 0 to 1.0. This material has a relatively large dielectric constant, a very stable temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant over a wide temperature range, a widely controllable value of the temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant, and a small dielectric loss. The temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant can be determined optionally in a wide range of value by simply changing the ratios among the three constituents of the composition.

Abstract: A group of dielectric compounds and mixtures of dielectric compounds with useful properties at microwave frequencies is disclosed. The dielectric materials are temperature compensated, have relatively high dielectric constants, and comprise the group of BaTi.sub.4 O.sub.9, and mixtures of Li.sub.2 TiO.sub.3 and Li.sub.4 Ti.sub.5 O.sub.12, MgTi.sub.2 O.sub.5 and TiO.sub.2, Zn.sub.2 TiO.sub.4 and TiO.sub.2, and BaTi.sub.4 O.sub.9 and TiO.sub.2.

Abstract: A modified gilsonite base encapsulating system having improved sound suppression properties and rheologically controlled characteristics. In one aspect of the invention and in one form of the preferred embodiment, a potting compound is provided wherein the gilsonite is modified by thermal depolymerization. In another form of the preferred embodiment, the gilsonite is modified by the addition of a process oil having a viscosity gravity constant of 0.97 and a viscosity in SSU at 100.degree. C of 48.4 and comprises at least 21% by weight of the composition. Silica filler is added to produce a potting compound having quite unexpected sound suppression qualities.In another aspect of the invention, a gilsonite based coil impregnant compound is provided to produce a material quite compatible with the potting compound. To approximately 75 - 80% of modified gilsonite is added about 20 - 25% by weight of ethylenediamine bisstearamide to produce a mixture having a softening point of from 125.degree. - 130.degree.

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric composition is provided including 30 to 94% by mol of SrTiO.sub.3, 1 to 22% by mol of Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 5 to 69% by mol of TiO.sub.2, and further including 0.1 to 20% by weight of MgO with respect to the total weight of the above-mentioned three compounds SrTiO.sub.3, Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 and TiO.sub.2, whereby the ceramic dielectric composition has a high dielectric constant and a low dielectric loss and further the variations of the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss with respect to the variation of an applied voltage, are respectively, very small.

Abstract: A filler system for polymers is disclosed which provides high voltage insulation which is resistant to tracking. The filler system utilizes a combination of alumina trihydrate and a chemically treated silica filler. The silica-treated filler results from the exposure of an inorganic silicon-containing filler having a specific surface area of at least 40 square meters per gram to one or more silanes. Preferred silanes are substituted silanes having the formula R.sub.n Si X.sub.4.sub.-n where n is 1, 2 or 3, R is an organic radical bonded to the silicon atom by a Si--C bond and X is a radical bound to the silicon atom via an atom other than a carbon atom.

Abstract: A single crystal essentially consists of XM.sub.z M'.sub.1.sub.-z P.sub.4 O.sub.12, (0<z.ltoreq.1) in which X is lithium and/or sodium, M is neodymium, and M' is yttrium, lanthanum or gadolinium.Said single crystal can be used as a dielectric active medium for lasers, and can be prepared in the form of a bar having a square cross section measuring 5 mm on each side by the top-seeded solution growth method.

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric compositon is provided which consists essentially of a sintered metal oxide mixture expressed by the formula:[(Ba.sub.1.sub.-u Me.sub.u)O].sub.x.[(Ta.sub.1.sub.-v Nb.sub.v).sub.2 O.sub.5 ].sub.y.[Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3 ].sub.zwhere Me is at least one divalent metal selected from lead and strontium, and x, y, z, u and v are numbers falling within the following ranges0.05 .ltoreq. x .ltoreq. 0.80,0.05 .ltoreq. y .ltoreq. 0.30,0.10 .ltoreq. z .ltoreq. 0.80,0 .ltoreq. u .ltoreq. 1.00,0 .ltoreq. v .ltoreq. 1.00 andx + y + z = 1.0.This composition may contain specified metal oxide additives. The ceramic dielectric composition is sintered at a relatively low temperature and exhibits a dielectric constant varying linearly depending upon temperature variations over a wide use range, a reduced dielectric loss, enhanced resistivity and breakdown voltage, and therefore, is particularly suitable for "temperature-compensating" capacitors of a compact type with large capacity.

Abstract: Insulative coatings for electrical steels and methods of making them. The coatings are hard, glassy and smooth in nature, are easily cured and improve the magnetic characteristics of the electrical steels. The coatings are produced by applying to an electrical steel an aluminum-magnesium-phosphate solution containing Al.sup.+.sup.+.sup.+, Mg.sup.+.sup.+ and H.sub.2 PO.sub.4.sup.- in a specified relative relationship and from 0 to 60% by weight colloidal silica on a water-free basis. The solutions contain at least 45% by weight water. Chromic anhydride (CrO.sub.3) may be added to the coating solutions to improve wettability of the solutions, moisture resistance of the resulting coatings and interlaminar resistivity after stress relief anneal. An electrical steel coated with a solution of the present invention is thereafter subjected to a heat treatment to cure the insulative coating thereon.

Abstract: A dielectric recording medium comprising an electroconductive substrate and a coating of dielectric resin binder in which there is dispersed an organophilic clay pigment. The organophilic clay pigment comprises a kaolin clay treated with an organotitanium compound. The pigment imparts a bond appearance to the dielectric recording medium and enhances the tooth or ease of marking of the coating with ink.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic capacitor having base metal electrodes is described that meets the standard TCC limits of .+-. 15% from -55.degree. C to 125.degree. C. The ceramic includes small quantities of acceptor dopants, particularly manganese added to barium titanate and an alkali-earth-metal-zirconate. When fired from 1250.degree. C to 1400.degree. C in a partial oxygen atmosphere of 10.sup..sup.-7 to 10.sup..sup.-9 atmospheres of oxygen, a liquid phase sintering occurs during which the titanate-zirconate grains do not grow and there is formed a concentration gradient of the zirconate near the grain surfaces while a liquid manganese titanate forms a second and immiscible phase in the grain boundary regions.

Abstract: A visual background layer for electro-optical display devices is provided having high dielectric quality and a black, deep matte surface based upon the black higher oxides of iron, cobalt, chromium and nickel in a film of high dielectric glass. A printing medium for such layers is provided which can be fired to form the layer in reducing atmospheres without reducing the oxides and deteriorating the dielectric quality.

Abstract: A dielectric material is provided consisting essentially of a composition based on the general formula:(BaTiO.sub.3).sub.x.(BaZrO.sub.3).sub.y.(CaTiO.sub.3).sub.z,Wherein x=y=z = 1.0 and in which x, y and z have the following ranges: 0.4 .ltoreq. x .ltoreq. 0.89, 0.1 .ltoreq. y .ltoreq. 0.3 and 0.01 .ltoreq. z .ltoreq. 0.3, respectively, said composition also containing between 0.001 wt% and 0.5 wt% SiO.sub.2 and between 0.01 mol% and 3 mol% TiO.sub.2.

Abstract: An electrical discharge device and in particular a low voltage or shunt-type igniter plug is disclosed, said plug having a beryllium oxide ceramic insulator disposed between the center electrode firing tip and the ground electrode, said insulator having a novel semi-conducting metal oxide coating formed thereon to provide an ionized path along which spark discharge between said electrodes occurs.

Abstract: Heating a mixture of an organopolysiloxane convertible to the solid elastic state and aluminum hydrate for at least 30 minutes at a temperature above 100.degree.C. provides a composition which can be cured to an elastomer having improved electrical properties, particularly improved electrical strength.

Abstract: An insulating coating composition is described which prevents deterioration of the insulating ability of newly fabricated material and when applied will also restore insulation characteristics to material presently in use. The composition comprises a mixture of1. a main resinous coating of a thermoplastic resin;2. a cation exchange resin which may be either strongly acidic, i.e., one containing sulfur type, sulphonic acid radicals or weakly acidic, i.e., one containing carboxyl groups or phenolic hydroxyl groups; and3. an anion exchange resin which may be either strongly basic, i.e., one containing quaternary ammonium radicals or weakly basic, i.e., one containing amine radicalsA method of arresting or preventing deterioration of insulating coatings is also disclosed by the use of the above materials which when applied will remove disassociated ions which, in turn, prevent formation of an electroconductive film on the surface of the coating.

Abstract: There is disclosed a gas discharge device containing at least two electrodes, at least one of the electrodes being insulated from the gas by a dielectric member. There is particularly disclosed a multiple gaseous discharge display-memory panel having an electrical memory and capable of producing a visual display, the panel being characterized by an ionizable gaseous medium in a gas chamber formed by a pair of opposed dielectric material charge storage members, each of which is respectively backed by an array of electrodes, the electrodes behind each dielectric material member being oriented with respect to the electrodes behind the opposing dielectric material member so as to define a plurality of discrete discharge units.At least one dielectric insulating member contains a predetermined beneficial amount of a source of at least one element selected from Se, Te, or Po.The selected element or elements may be utilized in any suitable form, such as a compound, mineral, and/or elemental.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing the dielectric strength of polyolefin polymeric compositions when exposed to water, and dielectric stabilized polyolefin polymer compositions and products thereof including electrical insulations and insulated conductors. The polyolefin polymeric compositions are stabilized by the inclusion of a lead stearate compound.

Abstract: A dielectric coating composition comprising an organophilic clay pigment dispersed in a dielectric resin binder. The organophilic clay binder is prepared by treatment of a kaolin clay with an organotitanium compound. Preferred binders include styrene interpolymers and poly(vinyl butyrals).

Abstract: A ceramic dielectric composition which comprises 22.5-45.2 wt. % SrO, 8.3-20.6 wt. % CaO, 29.3-80.8 wt. % TiO.sub.2, and 0.07-8.3 wt. % MgO as main components.

Abstract: Chemically stable, semiconducting glasses having a resistivity of from about 2 .times. 10.sup.7 to about 6 .times. 10.sup.8 ohm.sup.. cm contain 25 to 35 weight percent of vanadium pentoxide, 10 to 20 weight percent phosphorous pentoxide, and from 35 to 45 weight percent of molybdenum trioxide. These semiconducting glasses are melted readily, are castable into desired shapes, and offer good resistance to devitrification.

Abstract: Insulative coatings for electrical steels and methods of making them. The coatings are hard, glassy and smooth in nature, are easily cured and improve the magnetic characteristics of the electrical steels. The coatings are produced by applying to an electrical steel an aluminum-magnesium-phosphate solution containing Al.sup.+.sup.+.sup.+, Mg.sup.+.sup.+ and H.sub.2 PO.sub.4 .sup.- in a specified relative relationship and from 0 to 60% by weight colloidal silica on a water-free basis. The solutions contain at least 45% by weight water. Chromic anhydride (CrO.sub.3) may be added to the coating solutions to improve wettability of the solutions, moisture resistance of the resulting coatings and interlaminar resistivity after stress relief anneal. An electrical steel coated with a solution of the present invention is thereafter subjected to a heat treatment to cure the insulative coating thereon.

Abstract: An electrically insulating powdery material with a volume resistivity of at least 1 .times. 10.sup.10 ohms-cm, which consists of a calcined product of a mixture of magnesium oxide with boron oxide and if desired, at least one of titanium, iron and chromium oxides and has a special novel structure wherein a core of magnesium oxide particles is surrounded by a sheath of a double oxide of the magnesium oxide and the boron oxide and if desired, the other metal oxide. This insulating powdery material is produced by calcining the above mixture under specified calcining conditions determined by a special temperature-time relation. A thermally conducting and electrically insulating resin composition especially having superior electrical properties under high temperature-high humidity conditions can be prepared using the above powdery material as a filler.

Abstract: Devices are described which utilize a low loss dielectric material. This dielectric material is unique in that it combines low dielectric loss with a high and temperature-stable dielectric constant. The material is made up of BaO and TiO.sub.2 and corresponds closely in composition to the compound Ba.sub.2 Ti.sub.9 O.sub.20. Devices utilizing this material are useful at a variety of frequencies, but are particularly advantageous in the microwave region above 0.5 GHz.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sol of ultra-fine particles of synthetic hectorite prepared by swelling and cleaving Li-hectorite having a formula of Li.sub.1/3 Mg.sub.2-2/3 Li.sub.1/3 (Si.sub.4 O.sub.10)F.sub.2 or Na-hectorite having a formula of Na.sub.1/3 Mg.sub.2-2/3 Li.sub.1/3 (Si.sub.4 O.sub.10)F.sub.2 in water or an organic solvent.This invention further relates to a sol of the above hectorite in which Li or Na ions co-ordinated between lattice layers of the hectorite are ion-exchanged with non-hydratable cations.This invention still further relates to a product prepared by using the above sol.

Abstract: Thermally crystallizable glasses are disclosed of the system:RO -- Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 -- GeO.sub.2wherein RO is a BaO or SrO. Also disclosed are thermally crystallizable glasses of the system PbO -- Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 -- GeO.sub.2. Glass-ceramics made from these glass systems have high dielectric constants and low dissipation factors or loss tangents, which glasses and glass-ceramics are suitable for use as capacitors and dielectrics, and particularly for thick-film dielectric pastes utilized in the manufacture of micro-electronic printed circuits. By varying the heat treatment schedule for crystallization of the glass to a glass-ceramic, a specific high dielectric constant coming within a prescribed range can be imparted to the finished glass-ceramic.

Abstract: An intergranular insulation type semiconductive ceramic composition comprising a major proportion of strontium titanate (SrTiO.sub.3), a minor amount of niobium oxide (Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5) or tantalum oxide (Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5), a minor amount of either germanium oxide (GeO.sub.2) or zinc oxide (ZnO) and having diffused therein either bismuth oxide (Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3) or a mixture of bismuth oxide, lead oxide (PbO) and boric oxide (B.sub.2 O.sub.3). The material is especially useful as a capacitor.

Abstract: An electrically insulating composition adapted for the encapsulation of a miconductor body and for protecting the semiconductor surface against harmful impurities, comprising a mixture of a polymerizable organic resin, at least one filler which improves the electrical properties of the semiconductor body, and at least one organic chelating agent capable of binding undesirable impurities in said resin and in said filler.

Abstract: A phosphorus nitride-silicon oxide composition having good thermal stability and diffusion characteristics for use as a diffusant source of n-type impurities for a semi-conductor device.